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Given an equidistributed set in the whole Euclidean space, we have established in [1] that there exists a constant positive $C$ such that the observability inequality of diffusion equations holds for all $T\in]0,1[$, with an observability cost being of the form $Ce^{C/T}$. In this paper, for any small constant $\varepsilon>0$, we prove that there exists a nontrivial equidistributed set (in the sense that whose complementary set is unbounded), so that the above observability cost can be improved to a fast form of $Ce^{\varepsilon/T}$ for certain constant $C>0$. The proof is based on the strategy used in [1], as well as an interpolation inequality for gradients of solutions to elliptic equations obtained recently in [2]., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2108.04540

In this paper, we establish a globally quantitative estimate of unique continuation at one time point for solutions of parabolic equations with Neumann boundary conditions in bounded domains. Our proof is mainly based on Carleman commutator estimates and a global frequency function argument, which is motivated from a recent work [5]. As an application, we obtain an observability inequality from measurable sets in time for all solutions of the above equations.

In this paper we establish an observability inequality for the heat equation with bounded potentials on the whole space. Roughly speaking, such a kind of inequality says that the total energy of solutions can be controlled by the energy localized in a subdomain, which is equidistributed over the whole space. The proof of this inequality is mainly adapted from the parabolic frequency function method, which plays an important role in proving the unique continuation property for solutions of parabolic equations. As an immediate application, we show that the null controllability holds for the heat equation with bounded potentials on the whole space., Comment: Welcome for any comment

The paper is concerned with a kind of minimal time control problem for the heat equation with impulse controls. The purpose of such a problem is to find an optimal impulse control (among certain control constraint set) steering the solution of the heat equation from a given initial state to a given target set as soon as possible. We will first study the existence and uniqueness of optimal solution for this problem. In the formulation of this problem, there are two parameters: one is the upper bound of the control constraint and the other one is the moment of impulse time. Then, we will establish the continuity of the minimal time function of this problem with respect to the above mentioned two parameters. Moreover, the convergence of the optimal control is also discussed.