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Optimisation of product family design has been emphasised and studied for many years. However, previous studies only took overall cost or profit as an optimisation objective, but ignored the supply risk of a product family. Moreover, the discount associated with the bidding price, which is common in practice, was not considered in the modelling. In this paper, we propose a new multi-objective optimisation approach integrating supplier selection into product family design. In our optimisation model, not only the profit but also the supply risk of a product family is formulated as optimisation objectives. Consequently, we can evaluate and optimise a product family from many perspectives. In addition, as a bidding price discount may affect product family's configuration and supplier selection, we include linear piecewise discount of bidding prices from suppliers in our optimisation model. The NSGA-II algorithm is developed to achieve Pareto non-dominated solutions of the multi-objective optimisation model. Sensitivity analysis on the model parameters is performed, and several managerial insights for enterprises are achieved in the case study of a printing calculator product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manufacturers have a legal accountability to deal with industrial waste generated from their production processes in order to avoid pollution. Along with advances in waste recovery techniques, manufacturers may adopt various recycling strategies in dealing with industrial waste. With reuse strategies and technologies, byproducts or wastes will be returned to production processes in the iron and steel industry, and some waste can be recycled back to base material for reuse in other industries. This article focuses on a recovery strategies optimization problem for a typical class of industrial waste recycling process in order to maximize profit. There are multiple strategies for waste recycling available to generate multiple byproducts; these byproducts are then further transformed into several types of chemical products via different production patterns. A mixed integer programming model is developed to determine which recycling strategy and which production pattern should be selected with what quantity of chemical products corresponding to this strategy and pattern in order to yield maximum marginal profits. The sales profits of chemical products and the set-up costs of these strategies, patterns and operation costs of production are considered. A simulated annealing (SA) based heuristic algorithm is developed to solve the problem. Finally, an experiment is designed to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method. By comparing a single strategy to multiple strategies in an example, it is shown that the total sales profit of chemical products can be increased by around 25% through the simultaneous use of multiple strategies. This illustrates the superiority of combinatorial multiple strategies. Furthermore, the effects of the model parameters on profit are discussed to help manufacturers organize their waste recycling network. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]