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Flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors have attracted great attention as a portable and low-cost device for chemical and bio-detection. However, flexible SERS sensors tend to suffer low signal spatial homogeneity due to the uneven distribution of active plasmonic nanostructures (hot spots) and quick degradation of their sensitivity due to low adhesion of hot spots and flexible substrates during fast sampling. Herein, a large-area (20 × 20 cm

A series of isomeric alicyclic-functionalized polyimide with chemical imidization and thermal imidization (CPI-x and TPI-x) were prepared from a rigid alicyclic-functionalized isomerism diamine, 5(6)-amino-1-(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,3-trimethylindane (DAPI). The influences of incorporation of the isomeric rigid alicyclic structure onto the backbone of the polymers were systematically investigated in terms of optical, thermal, mechanical, dielectric and surface properties, respectively. Due to the moderate chemical imidization condition, CPI-x series retain higher glass transition temperature (Tg) in the range of 329–429 °C than the Tg of TPI-x (from 321.9 °C to 370.7 °C). Therefore, the CPI-1 film based 5-DAPI was chosen as the flexible substrate. MoO3 was chosen as the interface layer to improve the compatibility between PI substrate and the metal electrode. Then a ultra-thin layer of MoO3 (3 nm)/Au(2 nm)/Ag(4 nm) was utilized to be the transparent electrode. After annealing at 220 °C for 0.5 h, zinc oxide (ZnO) was deposited onto the electrode to maintain the superior electron mobility and improve the transparency of the electrode. Consequently, the flexible quantum dots light emitting diode (QLED) obtained a high luminance of 5230 (cd/m2) and EQE of 5.2%, meanwhile, a device performance of 4.36% was achieved in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices.

A series of copolymers PC8DTBT-x (x denotes the content of brominated units) were achieved by varying the amount of the brominated carbazole. The chemical structures, electrochemical properties, optical properties and photovoltaic performance of these copolymers were well characterized. The bromide side chains don’t influent the frontier orbital levels of the conjugated polymers. The absorption coefficiency and fluorescence spectra of copolymers can be changed by the content of bromide units. Higher open circuit voltage and higher fill factor were observed in the organic solar cells using bromide-unit containing copolymers as the donor materials. When the content of bromide units reached 30%, higher absorption coefficiency and higher power conversion efficiency were achieved.

A diblock amphipathic copolymer P3HT–PEO was rationally designed and easily synthesized. By introducing P3HT–PEO into P3HT/PCBM blends, the intramolecular interaction between the P3HT–PEO and the donor/acceptor (D/A) molecule in the blends could make the P3HT–PEO located at P3HT/PCBM domains' interface, which could stabilize the morphology of the bulk-heterojunction and also suppress the acceptor PCBM from severe aggregations under prolonged annealing time. By doping only 5 wt% P3HT–PEO, the device-5 (with 5 wt% P3HT–PEO) exhibited a PCE of 3.60% with thermal annealing at 150 °C for 10 min and remained at 3.61% after annealing for 120 min. In contrasted to the device-0 (without P3HT–PEO), the PCE decreased from 3.26% to 1.61% after annealing at 120 min, which also showed lager clusters of PCBM. This finding will inspire new design of additive materials that can control BHJ morphology through to realize highly efficient and thermally stable solar cells.

Here we demonstrate a simple and effective method of fabricating polymeric scattering substrate for flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) that require no costly patterning, etching, or molding processes, aspects that are desirable for the commercialization of large-scale lighting panels. Systematic study of the influences of relative index of refraction, particle size, and doping concentration on transmittance and haze of transparent colorless polyimide (cPI) films was carried out. It was found that the reduction of transmittance and haze of the doped films decreases along with the decrease of the difference of refractive index between the particles and polymer matrix, and it could be compensated by the increase of particle size or doping concentration.

An interface stabilizer based on alkylation-functionalized fullerene derivatives, [6, 6]-Phenyl-C61-butyric acid (3,5-bis(octyloxy)phenyl)methyl ester (PCB-C8oc), was successfully synthesized and applied for the active layer of Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs). The PCB-C8oc can replace part of the phenyl-C61-buty-ric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and be distributed on the interface of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and PCBM to form P3HT/PCBM/PCB-C8oc ternary blends, leading to thermally stable and efficient organic photovoltaics. The octyl groups of PCB-C8oc exhibit intermolecular interaction with the hexyl groups of P3HT, and the fullerene unit of PCB-C8oc are in tight contact with PCBM. The dual functions of PCB-C8oc will inhibit the phase separation between electron donor and acceptor, thereby improving the stability of devices under long-time thermal annealing at high temperature. When doped with 10 wt % PCB-C8oc, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the P3HT system decreased from 3.54% to 2.88% after 48 h of thermal treatment at 150 °C, whereas the PCE of the reference device without PCB-C8oc dramatically dropped from 3.53% to 0.73%. When doping 10 or 20 wt % PCB-C8oc, the unannealed P3HT/PCBM/PCB-C8oc device achieved a higher PCE than the P3HT/PCBM device without any annealing following the same fabricating condition. For the PTB7/PCBM-based devices, after adding only 5 wt % PCB-C8oc, the OPVs also exhibited thermally stable morphology and better device performances. All these results demonstrate that the utilization of alkyl interchain interactions is an effective and practical strategy to control morphological evolution.