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1. AGRICULTURAL RISK AND ITS PERCEPTION AMONG PROTEIN PLANT FARMERS.

Author

ŚMIGLAK-KRAJEWSKA, MAGDALENA

Subjects
AGRICULTURE, PAPER, FARMS, RESPONDENTS, MARKETS
Abstract

Copyright of Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists is the property of Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2019
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3. Western Africa, 1886–1905.

Abstract

The lines of siege, 1886–89 The outlook from the savanna Although in retrospect the flurry of European diplomacy which attended the Berlin Conference of 1884–5 seems clearly designed to prepare for the European invasion of West Africa, economic and political uncertainties in Europe and indications of stiff resistance in Africa inhibited the formation of aggressive policies. In the immediate aftermath the European siege lines were strengthened, but the scale of the impending threat to African independence was still not generally predictable. Even if in retrospect it appears that external and internal pressures were producing a general crisis of authority, its local manifestations varied greatly in nature and in intensity, and it is not easy to trace this crisis to common causes. Obviously, the impact of the European economy and European power was strongest in coastal regions. Many inland kingdoms of the savanna and Sahel still knew Europeans only as isolated and powerless travellers, and they retained the preoccupations and priorities which their historical experience suggested. Bornu, for example, though affected by fluctuations in European demand for ivory and ostrich-feathers, had more urgent problems at home; the challenge which eventually in 1893 overthrew the al-Kānamī dynasty came from Rabah al-Zubayr, a well-armed state-builder from the Nilotic Sudan, who proved capable of mobilising support among over-mighty subjects of Kukawa. 'Umar b. 'Alī, Caliph of Sokoto, 1881–91, also faced difficulties in maintaining administrative control over the empire founded by Usuman dan Fodio and in enforcing the theocratic standards which justified its existence; but these were largely inherent in the attempt to hold together territories which it took four months to traverse from east to west, once the capital of charisma accumulated by the founders had become attenuated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1985
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4. A Fileira do Papel e do Cartão e a Fileira das Embalagens: Análise de Contexto.

Author

Louro, Graça, Constantino, Luís, Leal, Luís, Gravato, António, and Rego, Francisco

Subjects
PAPER industry, PAPERBOARD industry, PAPER products industry, PACKAGING industry, LABOR supply, LABOR productivity, INDUSTRIAL productivity
Abstract

Copyright of Silva Lusitana is the property of Unidade de Investigacao de Silvicultura e Productos Florestais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2010

5. Cross and Double Cross: Comparative Statics in First Price and All Pay Auctions.

Author

Hopkins, Ed and Kornienko, Tatiana

Subjects
PAPER, BID price, BIDDERS, AUCTIONS, MARKETS, ECONOMIC competition
Abstract

This paper analyses comparative statics for first price auctions and all pay auctions with independent private values. In all pay auctions, bidders with low values will respond to a stochastically higher (in the sense of likelihood ratio dominance) distribution of types by playing less aggressively while high value bidders bid more. In the first price auction, a similar change results in all types playing more aggressively. Furthermore, we show that a decrease in dispersion of values, in the sense of a refinement of second order stochastic dominance, although also associated with an increase in competitiveness, may in addition result in less aggressive play by bidders with high values in both auction forms. We also find similar considerations in an oligopoly game with incomplete information: stochastically lower costs can lead to higher prices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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6. Mixed Oligopoly under Demand Uncertainty.

Author

Anam, Mahmudul, Basher, Syed A., and Shin-Hwan Chiang

Subjects
PAPER, ECONOMIC demand, MARKETS, PRIVATIZATION, STOCHASTIC models, EQUILIBRIUM
Abstract

In this paper we introduce product demand uncertainty in a mixed oligopoly model and reexamine the nature of sub-game perfect Nash equilibrium (SPNE) when firms decide in the first stage whether to lead or follow in the subsequent quantity-setting game. In the non-stochastic setting, Pal (1998) demonstrated that when a public firm competes with a domestic private firm, multiple equilibria exist but the efficient equilibrium outcome is for the public firm to follow. Matsumura (2003a) proved that when the public firm's rival is a foreign private firm, leadership of the public firm is both efficient as well as SPN equilibrium. Our stochastic model shows that when the leader must commit to output before the resolution of uncertainty, multiple SPNE is possible. Whether the equilibrium outcome is public or private leadership hinges upon the degree of privatization and market volatility. More importantly, Pareto-inefficient simultaneous production is a likely SPNE. Our results are driven by the fact that the resolution of uncertainty enhances the profits of the follower firm in a manner that is well known in real option theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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7. When Does Competition Lead to Efficient Investments?

Author

Chatterjee, Kalyan and Chiu, Y. Stephen

Subjects
PAPER, INVESTMENTS, DECISION making, ECONOMIC competition, PROPERTY, MARKETS
Abstract

The paper studies agents' general or specific investment decisions under different ownership structures in a thin, decentralized market where each agent's decision affects the decisions and welfare of other agents mainly through indirect market linkages. It focuses on the roles of both competition and ownership. An investor is more likely to make specific investments as an employee than as an owner. ‘Excess competition among investors’ makes efficient, specific investments more likely. Otherwise, inefficient, general investments and irrelevance of ownership are more likely to result. The problem in which the choice variable is investment level, instead of investment type, yields less contrasting results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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8. Socioeconomic and Fiscal Impact of Large-Scale Gold Mining in Mali

Author

Sanoh, Aly and Coulibaly, Massaoly

Subjects
PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING, INVESTMENT, PUBLIC SERVICE, TAX, INFRASTRUCTURE, ECONOMIC GROWTH, BUDGET, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, PER CAPITA EXPENDITURES, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT CAPACITY, WATER, health care economics and organizations, FISCAL SPACE, INVESTMENTS, LOCAL CAPACITY, MUNICIPALITIES, SUB-NATIONAL, FISCAL BURDEN, GOVERNMENTS, RETURNS, POVERTY, SHARES, RESERVES, GOODS, PUBLIC SPENDING, METALS, TAX COLLECTION, GOVERNMENT BUDGET, CITY, REVENUE COLLECTION, LIVING STANDARDS, DISTRICT, CAPITAL INVESTMENT, SUBSIDIES, MARKETS, PROFIT, LEAD, EXPORTERS, SANITATION, POLLUTION, TRANSFERS, STATUTORY LAWS, DISTRICTS, PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, REVENUE LEVELS, NATIONAL BUDGET, SERVICES, PUBLIC SECTOR, CORPORATE INCOME TAX, MARKET, DURABLE, PAPER, CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA, LOCAL CAPACITIES, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, COEFFICIENTS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE, CENTRAL BANK, OIL BOOM, ELECTRICITY, TEXTBOOKS, LOCAL DEVELOPMENT FUNDS, IRRIGATION, POLITICAL ECONOMY, EXCHANGE, ROADS, ACCOUNTING, BUDGETS, TAXATION, INCOME TAX, SECURITY, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, LOCAL MARKETS, STATE BUDGET, DECENTRALIZATION, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, COMMUNITY, FISCAL IMPACT, DISTRICT LEVEL, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, GOOD, EQUIPMENT, PUBLIC RESOURCES, REVENUE, TURNOVER, TAX BURDEN, TAXES, EQUITY, TREASURY, LAND, SPENDING, CURRENT EXPENDITURES, FUELS, SECTORAL DISTRIBUTION, MATERIALS, GOVERNMENT REVENUE, TAX REVENUES, EXPENDITURES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, INTERNATIONAL BANK, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, PUBLIC, MANAGEMENT, LABOR, PROFIT MARGINS, EQUITY RETURNS, HOUSING, BUDGETING, PUBLIC GOODS, LOCAL ECONOMY, STREET CLEANING, REVENUES, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, PUBLIC WORKS, CAPITAL EXPENDITURE, LOCAL TAXES, SHARE, INVESTMENT SPENDING, POVERTY RATE, MINING, EXPENDITURE, TAX SYSTEM
Abstract

This paper analyzes the socioeconomic, fiscal, and governance impact of gold mining in Mali. The analysis finds that, at the national level, mining plays an important role by contributing to export earnings and overall government fiscal revenue. In 2013, the mining sector represented 7 percent of gross domestic product, contributed 1.5 percent to growth in total gross domestic product, and accounted for 65 percent of total export earnings and 25 percent of total government budget revenues. At the local level, despite higher population growth, there is some evidence that outcomes (poverty and infrastructure services) are marginally better in mining communes compared with non-mining communes. Local governments receive fiscal windfalls that are spent significantly on education capital expenditures and current expenditures (salaries and non-salaries). Non-salary current expenditures are 10 times higher in mining areas. Analysis of the political economy of public service provision at the local level suggests that technical or absorptive capacities may be the bottleneck to increasing the local benefit of mining instead of corruption or accountability.

Published
2015

9. SLIM CHOICES In Paper Buys.

Author

Wales, Trish

Subjects
PAPER industry, PAPER, SUPPLY & demand, ECONOMICS, PRODUCT management, MARKETS
Abstract

The article offers information about the paper industry which is said to be working on maintaining the equilibrium in demand and supply. On the other hand, some companies have managed to offer interesting new products that are less expensive. Included in the new products that have emerged are the no. 4 coated groundwood papers which possesses the quality of higher brightness and more smoothness, and the enhanced SCA papers which show some coated no. 5 groundwood tonnage. On the other hand, there are four main classifications of printing and writing papers segment including uncoated and coated mechanical, uncoated and coated freesheet. It is also suggested that the paper industry is an improved capital-intensive industry which has a new tactic of succeeding.

Published
2008

10. WIND BEHIND COATED PAPER MARKETS.

Subjects
PAPER, MARKETS, ADVERTISING, PRINTING industry, SALES, AMERICAN business enterprises
Abstract

Discusses the trends in coated paper markets. Effects of advertising spending in the printing industry; Information on the sales status of the supercalendered paper; Discussion on the market activities of different paper companies in the U.S. INSETS: Rapid Asian Expansion;Focus on Applications.

Published
2004

11. PAPER DROP CLOTHS.

Subjects
PAPER, PAPER products, PAINTERS, MARKETS
Abstract

The article introduces the paper drop cloths for painters from Fibleco Illinois Corporation which are among the market-expanding paper products that were made possible by Cyanamid's Melostrength Resin.

Published
1955

12. Paper, Paper Board and Packaging Sectors: Analysis of Context

Author

Louro, Graça, Constantino, Luís, Leal, Luís, Gravato, António, and Rego, Francisco Castro

Subjects
produção, import/export, consommation interne, macroéconomie, cartão, marchés, wrapping and packaging, Bois, Madeira, embalagens, import, mercados, markets, papel, macroeconomia, paper, importation, papier et carton, macroeconomic, exportation, domestic consumption, importação, paper board, exportação, emballages, production, consumo interno, export, wood
Abstract

O presente trabalho descreve e analisa o contexto das fileiras do papel e do cartão e das embalagens integrando as fases de transformação industrial até aos produtos finais, numa perspectiva de fileira. São caracterizados os fluxos de produção, a estrutura das empresas e do trabalho, nas diferentes fases do ciclo produtivo, e as especificidades associadas aos mercados interno e externo. A descrição das variáveis analisadas demonstra a importância económica destas fileiras no contexto nacional, evidenciando a sua relevância enquanto actividades onde as exportações merecem destaque, assim como o generalizado bom desempenho dos indicadores económicos, de que são exemplo a produtividade do trabalho e os salários praticados. The present work describes and analyses the context of the paper and paper board sector and that of wood, paper and paper board wrapping and packaging sector, integrating the phases of industrial transformation up to the final products. The production flows are characterized, as well as the structure of the enterprises and workforce at the different phases of the productive cycle. The specificities associated with the domestic and external markets are also analysed. The description of the variables shows the economic importance of these sectors in the national context, attesting the significance of the exportations, as well as the generalized good performance of macroeconomic indicators as, for example, the labour productivity and the salaries. Ce travail décrit et analyse le contexte des filières du papier et du carton ainsi que des emballages en intégrant les phases de la transformation industrielle jusqu’aux produits finaux, dans une perspective de filière. Les flux de production, la structure des entreprises et du travail sont caractérisés dans les différentes phases du cycle productif ainsi que les spécificités associées aux marchés interne et externe. La description des variables analysées démontre l’importance économique de ces filières dans le contexte national, tout en soulignant leur importance en tant qu’activités dont les exportations sont importantes, tout comme la bonne performance générale des indicateurs économiques, dont les exemples sont la productivité du travail et les salaires.

Published
2010

14. CHINA REBAR: Domestic prices slump as paper market tumbles.

Author

Chu, Gladdy

Subjects
PRICES, MARKETS, FUTURES market, PAPER
Abstract

China’s domestic rebar prices saw sharp declines on Monday December 25 as the paper market took a nosedive during the day's trading session. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

15. CHINA HRC: Domestic prices up on strengthening paper market.

Author

Chu, Gladdy

Subjects
ROLLED steel, PRICES, MARKETS, FUTURES market, PAPER
Abstract

China’s domestic prices for hot-rolled coil (HRC) increased for a third consecutive day on Wednesday November 29 as the paper market strengthened throughout the session. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

16. Orange County, N.C., Affected by China's Recycling Ban.

Subjects
RECYCLING laws, PLASTICS, MARKETS, PAPER, PACKAGING, LAW
Abstract

The article offers information on the impact of recycling ban of China in Orange County, North Carolina. Topics discussed include rigid plastic recycling; plan of county to hold the rigid plastics and other materials for a new market; payment of Orange County for recyclables; and use of recyclables such as paper or plastics for packaging.

Published
2017

18. Afzetperspectieven voor Nederlandse hennep en henneppulp in de papiersector

Author

van Onna, M.J.G. and van den Ent, E.J.

Subjects
aanbodsevenwicht, handel, plant fibres, ruwe grondstoffen, market competition, pulp and paper industry, markets, cellulosic fibres, marktconcurrentie, Netherlands, markten, papier, hennep, paper, forestry, plantenvezels, supply balance, Cannabis sativa, hemp, bosbouw, cellulose, Wageningen Economic Research, cellulosevezels, marketing, raw materials, Nederland, trade, pulp- en papierwarenindustrie
Published
1994

19. Afzetperspectieven voor Nederlandse hennep en henneppulp in de papiersector

Subjects
aanbodsevenwicht, handel, plant fibres, ruwe grondstoffen, market competition, pulp and paper industry, markets, cellulosic fibres, marktconcurrentie, Netherlands, markten, papier, hennep, paper, forestry, plantenvezels, supply balance, Cannabis sativa, hemp, bosbouw, cellulose, Wageningen Economic Research, cellulosevezels, marketing, raw materials, Nederland, trade, pulp- en papierwarenindustrie
Published
1994

20. AN UNEASY BALANCE.

Subjects
PAPER, MARKETS, PAPER industry, DEALERS (Retail trade)
Abstract

The article discusses the status of the secondary paper market in the U.S. Prices of several paper stock grades have modestly declined. Some paper stock dealers have expressed their concern about the lack of substantive orders from domestic mills. Meanwhile, the export market is showing a steady buying activity.

Published
2012

21. Norpac plans recovered paper end market expansion.

Author

Staub, Colin

Subjects
PAPER, MARKETS, PLANNING
Abstract

The article focuses on the plans of Longview, in Washington based North Pacific Paper Company, Norpac to convert a third of its production capacity to recycled packaging and to produce recycled linerboard and corrugating medium as well as paper bag grades and kraft paper.

Published
2019

22. Guatemala demonstrates supportive technicals on tough Lat Am day.

Author

West, Oliver

Subjects
INVESTORS, PAPER, MARKETS
Abstract

Guatemala battled difficult market conditions on Thursday to issue its first 30 year bond since 2004 as part of a dual-tranche issue as investors continue to seek long-dated paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

23. Paper thin markets? A look at PCC in paper.

Author

IM Staff

Subjects
CALCIUM carbonate, MARKETS, PAPER
Abstract

Paper markets may be changing but the minerals used within them are still being used in the same way. Ian Wilson takes a look at precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and discusses producer developments in 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

25. Annotated Listing of New Books.

Subjects
BOOKS, ECONOMICS, MARKETS, DEBATE, PAPER
Abstract

This article focuses on the book "Recasting Egalitarianism: New Rules for Communities, States and Markets," by Samuel Bowels and Herbert Gintis. The writers present their proposal, which is based on the idea that equality and efficiency can both be advanced if assets are broadly redistributed from principals to agents. Most of these papers are previously published and debate the merits of a radical alternative to existing institutions labeled "efficient redistribution."

Published
1999
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26. Steady Hand.

Subjects
FINANCIAL performance, FINANCE, PAPER, MARKETS, HOME economics
Abstract

The article reports on the performance of recovered paper in the world market. The market for recovered paper has remained steady influenced by a declining domestic economy, rising transportation costs and less aggressive demand from foreign buyers. Mill Closures and partial shutdowns have led to oversupply of recovered fiber. A report from the American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA) showed that domestic consumption of recycled paper in July 2008 dropped by 4.7%.

Published
2008

27. MARKET UPDATE.

Subjects
RECYCLING industry, IRON industry, NONFERROUS metal industries, PAPER, PLASTICS, GLASS, TIRES, WASTE recycling, MARKETS
Abstract

The article reports on the trends of ferrous and non-ferrous materials, paper, plastics, glass and tires in the recycling market. Scrap metal prices had a huge increase at the start of the 2008. Lower prices for scrap aluminum and copper are expected due to the rising cost of export shipping, lack of container, and higher bunker fuel costs for shipping lines. Recovered paper markets started 2008 on a stable to slightly-up basis. The prices of resin have flattened out because of its weakening demand.

Published
2008

28. MARKET UPDATE.

Subjects
RECYCLING industry, MARKETS, SCRAP metals, PRICES, METAL industry, PAPER, PLASTICS, GLASS industry, INTERNATIONAL trade
Abstract

The article analyses market developments related to the recycling industry in the U.S. The ferrous scrap prices increased sharply in the first quarter of 2007 due to a number of factors. Domestic and foreign steel production levels have shown a rise. However, in the non-ferrous market, the global aluminum demand had remained strong. There was a steady price increase for baled paper in the third and fourth months of 2007 due to a shortage of recovered fiber at a time of improving global demand. Plastic prices have not fallen because of stronger demand outside the country, which has produced steady increases in exports. A new glass bottle production plant may be built by private investors at the Port of Kalama in Washington.

Published
2007

29. Supply Crisis Part Two.

Author

Miller, Chaz

Subjects
MARKETS, WASTE recycling, PAPER, PRICES, LOCAL government, PAPER mills, GLASS recycling
Abstract

Comments on the expansion of recyclables market as of April 2005. Reliance of China on paper pulps of other countries; Impact of an increase in recycling prices on local governments and U.S. paper mills; Information on the glass recycling venture of a glass bottle firm in the U.S. in 1980s.

Published
2005