Search

Dropsonde-based sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, and buoyancy flux were estimated over the sea around the Korean Peninsula in 2021. During a preceding severe weather (SW) mission, a total of 243 dropsondes were released from a National Institute of Meteorological Sciences (NIMS) Atmospheric Research Aircraft (NARA). The heat fluxes were indirectly validated by comparison with model-based heat fluxes. The sensible heat flux calculated by the bulk transfer method depended entirely on the temperature difference between the sea level and atmosphere, whereas the latent heat flux was mainly affected by wind speed. Boundary layer heights above 800 m are closely related to buoyancy flux, which is greater in regions with higher sea surface temperatures. Furthermore, the utility of the dropsonde was confirmed in the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) growth, which is difficult to observe in situ and, a relationship was proposed for estimating MABL based on mean meteorological data over the sea level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Structure des Echanges Mer-Atmosphère, Propriétés Océaniques/ Recherche Expérimentale (SEMAPHORE) experiment was conducted over the oceanic Azores current located in the Azores Basin. The evolution of the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) was studied based on the evaluation of mean and turbulent data using in situ measurements by a ship and two aircrafts. The sea surface temperature (SST) field was characterized by a gradient of approximately 1 °C/100 km. The SST measured by aircraft decreased at a ratio of 0.25 °C/100 m of altitude due to the divergence of the infrared radiation flux from the surface. With the exception of temperature, the mean parameters measured by the two aircrafts were in good agreement with each other. The sensible heat flux was more dispersed than the latent heat flux according to the comparisons between aircraft and aircraft, and aircraft and ship. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using two aircraft to describe the MABL and surface flux with confidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]