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Background: Mechanical properties of the maxilla and mandible are important factors for determining implant stability. Clinical studies indicate an association between poor bone quality and the rate of implant failure. Various methods suitable for long-term monitoring of implant stability have been developed. Micro computed tomography (Micro-CT) technique has been a common method to study 3D trabecular bone microstructures. In this study, it was aimed to describe the trabecular microarchitecture of the maxilla and mandible. Understanding the mechanical capacity of trabecular bone will offer further insight into the prognosis and progression of implant treatment and surgical techniques. Materials and Methods: Twenty cadaver maxilla and mandible specimens were scanned using micro CT. Samples were scanned with the following parameters. Scan data were transferred to Ctan software and analyzed. Morphometric parameters; tissue volume (BC), bone volume (HR), bone volume percentage (HR/DC), tissue surface (BC), bone surface (BC), intersection surface (KSR), bone surface/volume ratio (BC/HR), bone surface density (BS/TV), trabecular pattern factor (Tb.Pf), structure pattern index (YMI), trabecular thickness (Tb. Th), trabecular separation (Tb. Sp), trabecular number (Tb.N), and anisotropy degree (DA) was studied with the CTAnalyzer software. Results: Tissue volume (TV) and mean bone volume (BV) of the mandible were higher than those of the maxilla (p = 0.007). The mean HF mean in the mandible was 159.415 ± 91.523 mm3 for maxilla and 278.816 ± 122.853 for the mandible, and this difference was significant (p = 0.007). The mean HF was found to be significantly lower in the mandible (p = 0.007). HF and CSR parameters of the mandible were significantly higher than the maxilla (p = 0.007). Conclusions: Our study showed that there is a measurable difference in bone density between the maxilla and mandible. We believe that it will provide information that guides the physician and contributes to the healing process of the patient in all dental surgical applications, especially implants. The prevalence of supratrochlear foramen and the supracondylar process was higher on the left side; however, both are detected on the right side. We believe that the data obtained would be helpful for an orthopaedic surgeon during intramedullary nailing, and for differential diagnosis of some osteolytic lessons for a radiologist. In addition, these variations can be an important indicator in the differentiation of different races. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of tooth loss on the cancellous bone pattern of the mandible and on the superior bony wall of the mandibular canal. Methods: Twenty-four dry mandibles without any physical deformation were scanned with high-resolution micro-CT device. The second premolar, first, second, and third molar regions on the mandibular canal, the presence of the bony superior wall of the mandibular canal and the cancellous bone pattern of the mandible were examined on micro-CT images. The images were classified into three groups, Type I (trabecular pattern), Type II (osteoporotic pattern), and Type III (dense/irregular pattern). The presence of the bony superior wall of the mandibular canal was noted as absent or present. Results: While 133 (91%) of the dentulous sections were showing Type I trabecular cancellous bone pattern; 25 (54%) of the edentulous sections were of Type I. The superior wall was visible in 90 (62%) of the dentulous regions and in 41 (89%) of the edentulous areas. The cancellous bone pattern of the mandible of the majority of dentulous and edentulous areas had a regular trabecular structure. Dense and irregular trabecular structure were encountered only in edentulous areas. Conclusion: We suggest that there is a very strong relationship between the superior bony wall of the mandibular canal and the cancellous bone pattern of the mandible. We conclude that the trabecular structure of the mandible could change following tooth loss and this have an effect on the change of the structure and the presence of the superior wall of the mandibular canal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]