1. Effect of Tempol on the prevention of irradiation-induced mucositis in miniature pigs
- Author
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Ana P. Cotrim, Congcong Zhang, CM Goldsmith, Songlin Wang, Wang Yingxin, Hu Liang, Runtao Gao, Changyu Zheng, B J Baum, Luyuan Jin, Zhao Zhu, and James B. Mitchell
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Miniature pig ,Swine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Urology ,Radiation-Protective Agents ,Article ,Cyclic N-Oxides ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Biopsy ,medicine ,Mucositis ,Entire oral cavity ,Animals ,Irradiation ,Radiation Injuries ,Head and neck ,General Dentistry ,Saline ,Stomatitis ,Radiotherapy ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Otorhinolaryngology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Spin Labels ,business ,Large animal - Abstract
Objective The goals of this study were to (i) establish a useful miniature pig (minipig) model for irradiation-induced oral mucositis and (ii) evaluate the effect of Tempol to prevent its development. Methods and Materials Minipigs were irradiated with 6 Gy for five consecutive days targeting the entire oral cavity. To prevent radiation damage, minipigs were treated with 30 mg kg−1 Tempol 10 min before irradiation (n = 4), while the radiation-alone group was similarly injected with saline (n = 4). Lesions were graded using an oral mucositis score and visual inspection every 3 days, and biopsy of multiple sites was performed at day 18. Weight and chest and abdominal circumferences were measured every 3 days. Results Lesions began about 12 days after the first irradiation fraction and healed about 30 days after irradiation. Epithelial thickness was calculated on the lingual and buccal mucosa on the 18th day after the first irradiation fraction. Tempol provided modest protection from ulceration after irradiation using this treatment strategy. Conclusions This study established a useful large animal model for irradiation-induced oral mucositis and showed modest beneficial effects of Tempol in limiting tissue damage. The latter finding may be potentially valuable in preventing oral mucositis in patients receiving irradiation for head and neck cancers.
- Published
- 2017