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1. The metabolic health of young men conceived using intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

Author

Catford, S R, Halliday, J, Lewis, S, O'Bryan, M K, Handelsman, D J, Hart, R J, McBain, J, Rombauts, L, Amor, D J, Saffery, R, and McLachlan, R I

Subjects
GLUCOSE, SEMEN, INSULIN resistance, LONGITUDINAL method, FERTILIZATION in vitro, CHOLESTEROL, C-reactive protein
Abstract

Study Question: Is the metabolic health of men conceived using ICSI different to that of IVF and spontaneously conceived (SC) men?Summary Answer: ICSI-conceived men aged 18-24 years, compared with SC controls, showed differences in some metabolic parameters including higher resting diastolic blood pressure (BP) and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores, although the metabolic parameters of ICSI- and IVF-conceived singleton men were more comparable.What Is Known Already: Some studies suggest that IVF-conceived offspring may have poorer cardiovascular and metabolic profiles than SC children. Few studies have examined the metabolic health of ICSI-conceived offspring.Study Design, Size, Duration: This cohort study compared the metabolic health of ICSI-conceived men to IVF-conceived and SC controls who were derived from prior cohorts. Participants included 121 ICSI-conceived men (including 100 singletons), 74 IVF-conceived controls (all singletons) and 688 SC controls (including 662 singletons).Participants/materials, Setting, Methods: Resting systolic and diastolic BP (measured using an automated sphygmomanometer), height, weight, BMI, body surface area and fasting serum metabolic markers including fasting insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and HOMA-IR were compared between groups. Data were analysed using multivariable linear regression adjusted for various covariates including age and education level.Main Results and the Role Of Chance: After adjusting for covariates, compared to 688 SC controls, 121 ICSI-conceived men had higher diastolic BP (β 4.9, 95% CI 1.1-8.7), lower fasting glucose (β -0.7, 95% CI -0.9 to -0.5), higher fasting insulin (ratio 2.2, 95% CI 1.6-3.0), higher HOMA-IR (ratio 1.9, 95% CI 1.4-2.6), higher HDLC (β 0.2, 95% CI 0.07-0.3) and lower hsCRP (ratio 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.7) levels. Compared to 74 IVF-conceived singletons, only glucose differed in the ICSI-conceived singleton men (β -0.4, 95% CI -0.7 to -0.1). No differences were seen in the paternal infertility subgroups.Limitations, Reasons For Caution: The recruitment rate of ICSI-conceived men in this study was low and potential for recruitment bias exists. The ICSI-conceived men, the IVF-conceived men and SC controls were from different cohorts with different birth years and different geographical locations. Assessment of study groups and controls was not contemporaneous, and the measurements differed for some outcomes (BP, insulin, glucose, lipids and hsCRP).Wider Implications Of the Findings: These observations require confirmation in a larger study with a focus on potential mechanisms. Further efforts to identify whether health differences are due to parental characteristics and/or factors related to the ICSI procedure are also necessary.Study Funding/competing Interest(s): This study was funded by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Partnership Grant (NHMRC APP1140706) and was partially funded by the Monash IVF Research and Education Foundation. S.R.C. was supported through an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. R.J.H. is supported by an NHMRC project grant (634457), and J.H. and R.I.M. have been supported by the NHMRC as Senior and Principal Research Fellows respectively (J.H. fellowship number: 1021252; R.I.M. fellowship number: 1022327). L.R. is a minority shareholder and the Group Medical Director for Monash IVF Group, and reports personal fees from Monash IVF Group and Ferring Australia, honoraria from Ferring Australia and travel fees from Merck Serono and MSD and Guerbet; R.J.H. is the Medical Director of Fertility Specialists of Western Australia and has equity in Western IVF; R.I.M. is a consultant for and shareholder of Monash IVF Group and S.R.C. reports personal fees from Besins Healthcare and nonfinancial support from Merck outside of the submitted work. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.Trial Registration Number: N/A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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2. Health and fertility of ICSI-conceived young men: study protocol.

Author

Catford, S R, Lewis, S, Halliday, J, Kennedy, J, O'Bryan, M K, McBain, J, Amor, D J, Rombauts, L, Saffery, R, Hart, R J, and McLachlan, R I

Subjects
DNA methylation, PREGNANCY, SEMEN analysis
Abstract

STUDY QUESTIONS What are the long-term health and reproductive outcomes for young men conceived using ICSI whose fathers had spermatogenic failure (STF)? Are there epigenetic consequences of ICSI conception? WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Currently, little is known about the health of ICSI-conceived adults, and in particular the health and reproductive potential of ICSI-conceived men whose fathers had STF. Only one group to date has assessed semen parameters and reproductive hormones in ICSI-conceived men and suggested higher rates of impaired semen quality compared to spontaneously conceived (SC) peers. Metabolic parameters in this same cohort of men were mostly comparable. No study has yet evaluated other aspects of adult health. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This cohort study aims to evaluate the general health and development (aim 1), fertility and metabolic parameters (aim 2) and epigenetic signatures (aim 3) of ICSI-conceived sons whose fathers had STF (ICSI study group). There are three age-matched control groups: ICSI-conceived sons whose fathers had obstructive azoospermia (OAZ) and who will be recruited in this study, as well as IVF sons and SC sons, recruited from other studies. Of 1112 ICSI parents including fathers with STF and OAZ, 78% (n = 867) of mothers and 74% (n = 823) of fathers were traced and contacted. Recruitment of ICSI sons started in March 2017 and will finish in July 2020. Based on preliminary participation rates, we estimate the following sample size will be achieved for the ICSI study group: mothers n = 275, fathers n = 225, sons n = 115. Per aim, the sample sizes of OAZ-ICSI (estimated), IVF and SC controls are: Aim 1—OAZ-ICSI: 28 (maternal surveys)/12 (son surveys), IVF: 352 (maternal surveys)/244 (son surveys), SC: 428 (maternal surveys)/255 (son surveys); Aim 2—OAZ-ICSI: 12, IVF: 72 (metabolic data), SC: 391 (metabolic data)/365 (reproductive data); Aim 3—OAZ-ICSI: 12, IVF: 71, SC: 292. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Eligible parents are those who underwent ICSI at one of two major infertility treatment centres in Victoria, Australia and gave birth to one or more males between January 1994 and January 2000. Eligible sons are those aged 18 years or older, whose fathers had STF or OAZ, and whose parents allow researchers to approach sons. IVF and SC controls are age-matched men derived from previous studies, some from the same source population. Participating ICSI parents and sons complete a questionnaire, the latter also undergoing a clinical assessment. Outcome measures include validated survey questions, physical examination (testicular volumes, BMI and resting blood pressure), reproductive hormones (testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, FSH, LH), serum metabolic parameters (fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile, highly sensitive C-reactive protein) and semen analysis. For epigenetic and future genetic analyses, ICSI sons provide specimens of blood, saliva, sperm and seminal fluid while their parents provide a saliva sample. The primary outcomes of interest are the number of mother-reported hospitalisations of the son; son-reported quality of life; prevalence of moderate-severe oligozoospermia (sperm concentration <5 million/ml) and DNA methylation profile. For each outcome, differences between the ICSI study group and each control group will be investigated using multivariable linear and logistic regression for continuous and binary outcomes, respectively. Results will be presented as adjusted odds ratios and 95% CIs. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This study is funded by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Partnership Grant (NHMRC APP1140706) and was partially funded by the Monash IVF Research and Education Foundation. L.R. is a minority shareholder and the Group Medical Director for Monash IVF Group, and reports personal fees from Monash IVF group and Ferring Australia, honoraria from Ferring Australia, and travel fees from Merck Serono, MSD and Guerbet; R.J.H. is the Medical Director of Fertility Specialists of Western Australia and has equity in Western IVF; R.I.M. is a consultant for and a shareholder of Monash IVF Group and S.R.C. reports personal fees from Besins Healthcare and non-financial support from Merck outside of the submitted work. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Not applicable. TRIAL REGISTRATION DATE Not applicable. DATE OF FIRST PATIENT'S ENROLMENT Not applicable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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3. SPEN haploinsufficiency causes a neurodevelopmental disorder overlapping proximal 1p36 deletion syndrome with an episignature of X chromosomes in females

Author

Gilles Morin, Krista Bluske, Nathaniel H. Robin, Laurence Faivre, Manuela Priolo, Dihong Zhou, Evangeline Kurtz-Nelson, Tianyun Wang, Omar Sherbini, Daryl A. Scott, Karen Stals, Fabíola Paoli Monteiro, Kaifang Pang, Sara Cabet, Francesca Clementina Radio, Bruno Dallapiccola, Marjon van Slegtenhorst, Rachel K. Earl, Katheryn Grand, Maria Iascone, Alice S. Brooks, Angelo Selicorni, July K. Jean Cuevas, Paolo Gasparini, Maria Lisa Dentici, Marialetizia Motta, Britt-Marie Anderlid, Kristin Lindstrom, Berrin Monteleone, Andrea Ciolfi, Karin Weiss, Katharina Steindl, Kirsty McWalter, Rosalba Carrozzo, Ruben Boers, Helen Kingston, Kym M. Boycott, Bekim Sadikovic, Laura Schultz-Rogers, Evan E. Eichler, Laura A Cross, Alison M R Castle, Louisa Kalsner, Lucia Pedace, Marijke R. Wevers, John M. Graham, Jessica Sebastian, Antonio Vitobello, Gaetan Lesca, Alexander P.A. Stegmann, Suneeta Madan-Khetarpal, Tahsin Stefan Barakat, Abdallah F. Elias, Teresa Robert Finestra, Adeline Vanderver, Peter D. Turnpenny, Bregje W.M. van Bon, Aida Telegrafi, David J. Amor, Deepali N. Shinde, Pedro A. Sanchez-Lara, Lisenka E.L.M. Vissers, Adam Jackson, Rolph Pfundt, Alessandro Bruselles, Andres Hernandez-Garcia, Karin E. M. Diderich, Flavio Faletra, Dana H. Goodloe, Joanne Baez, Sarit Ravid, Romano Tenconi, Sarah L. Sawyer, Lynn Pais, Bronwyn Kerr, Joost Gribnau, Lauren Carter, Melissa T. Carter, Zhandong Liu, Jennifer L. Kemppainen, Jennifer MacKenzie, Jimmy Holder, Elke de Boer, Margaret Au, Taila Hartley, Carol J Saunders, Luciana Musante, Bert B.A. de Vries, Tania Vertemati Secches, Haley McConkey, Willow Sheehan, Francesca Pantaleoni, Caterina Zanus, Christophe Philippe, Chelsea Roadhouse, Stefania Lo Cicero, Sian Ellard, R. Tanner Hagelstrom, Megha Desai, Fernando Kok, Joset Pascal, Marco Tartaglia, Eric W. Klee, Eva Morava, Michael A. Levy, Peggy Kulch, Lyndon Gallacher, Erica L. Macke, Emilia Stellacci, Siddharth Banka, Kristin G. Monaghan, Anita Rauch, Meghan C. Towne, Kate Chandler, Clinical Genetics, Developmental Biology, Radio, F. C., Pang, K., Ciolfi, A., Levy, M. A., Hernandez-Garcia, A., Pedace, L., Pantaleoni, F., Liu, Z., de Boer, E., Jackson, A., Bruselles, A., Mcconkey, H., Stellacci, E., Lo Cicero, S., Motta, M., Carrozzo, R., Dentici, M. L., Mcwalter, K., Desai, M., Monaghan, K. G., Telegrafi, A., Philippe, C., Vitobello, A., Au, M., Grand, K., Sanchez-Lara, P. A., Baez, J., Lindstrom, K., Kulch, P., Sebastian, J., Madan-Khetarpal, S., Roadhouse, C., Mackenzie, J. J., Monteleone, B., Saunders, C. J., Jean Cuevas, J. K., Cross, L., Zhou, D., Hartley, T., Sawyer, S. L., Monteiro, F. P., Secches, T. V., Kok, F., Schultz-Rogers, L. E., Macke, E. L., Morava, E., Klee, E. W., Kemppainen, J., Iascone, M., Selicorni, A., Tenconi, R., Amor, D. J., Pais, L., Gallacher, L., Turnpenny, P. D., Stals, K., Ellard, S., Cabet, S., Lesca, G., Pascal, J., Steindl, K., Ravid, S., Weiss, K., Castle, A. M. R., Carter, M. T., Kalsner, L., de Vries, B. B. A., van Bon, B. W., Wevers, M. R., Pfundt, R., Stegmann, A. P. A., Kerr, B., Kingston, H. M., Chandler, K. E., Sheehan, W., Elias, A. F., Shinde, D. N., Towne, M. C., Robin, N. H., Goodloe, D., Vanderver, A., Sherbini, O., Bluske, K., Hagelstrom, R. T., Zanus, C., Faletra, F., Musante, L., Kurtz-Nelson, E. C., Earl, R. K., Anderlid, B. -M., Morin, G., van Slegtenhorst, M., Diderich, K. E. M., Brooks, A. S., Gribnau, J., Boers, R. G., Finestra, T. R., Carter, L. B., Rauch, A., Gasparini, P., Boycott, K. M., Barakat, T. S., Graham, J. M., Faivre, L., Banka, S., Wang, T., Eichler, E. E., Priolo, M., Dallapiccola, B., Vissers, L. E. L. M., Sadikovic, B., Scott, D. A., Holder, J. L., Tartaglia, M., MUMC+: DA KG Lab Centraal Lab (9), and RS: FHML non-thematic output

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, SHARP, Male, obesity, genotype-phenotype correlations, Autism Spectrum Disorder, PROTEIN, Chromosome Disorders, Haploinsufficiency, RNA-Binding Protein, PHENOTYPE CORRELATIONS, 1p36, distal 1p36 deletion syndrome, DNA methylome analysis, episignature, neurodevelopmental disorder, proximal 1p36 deletion syndrome, SPEN, X chromosome, Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromosome Deletion, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1, Chromosomes, Human, X, DNA Methylation, DNA-Binding Proteins, Epigenesis, Genetic, Female, Humans, Intellectual Disability, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Phenotype, RNA-Binding Proteins, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Neurodevelopmental disorder, Neurodevelopmental Disorder, Intellectual disability, MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION, Genetics (clinical), Genetics, DNA methylome analysi, SPLIT-ENDS, Hypotonia, Autism spectrum disorder, MONOSOMY 1P36, Pair 1, medicine.symptom, Rare cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 9], Human, DNA-Binding Protein, Biology, genotype-phenotype correlation, Chromosomes, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Report, REVEALS, medicine, Epigenetics, Preschool, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], 1p36 deletion syndrome, IDENTIFICATION, MUTATIONS, medicine.disease, GENE, 030104 developmental biology, Chromosome Disorder, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Epigenesis
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 231702.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Deletion 1p36 (del1p36) syndrome is the most common human disorder resulting from a terminal autosomal deletion. This condition is molecularly and clinically heterogeneous. Deletions involving two non-overlapping regions, known as the distal (telomeric) and proximal (centromeric) critical regions, are sufficient to cause the majority of the recurrent clinical features, although with different facial features and dysmorphisms. SPEN encodes a transcriptional repressor commonly deleted in proximal del1p36 syndrome and is located centromeric to the proximal 1p36 critical region. Here, we used clinical data from 34 individuals with truncating variants in SPEN to define a neurodevelopmental disorder presenting with features that overlap considerably with those of proximal del1p36 syndrome. The clinical profile of this disease includes developmental delay/intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, anxiety, aggressive behavior, attention deficit disorder, hypotonia, brain and spine anomalies, congenital heart defects, high/narrow palate, facial dysmorphisms, and obesity/increased BMI, especially in females. SPEN also emerges as a relevant gene for del1p36 syndrome by co-expression analyses. Finally, we show that haploinsufficiency of SPEN is associated with a distinctive DNA methylation episignature of the X chromosome in affected females, providing further evidence of a specific contribution of the protein to the epigenetic control of this chromosome, and a paradigm of an X chromosome-specific episignature that classifies syndromic traits. We conclude that SPEN is required for multiple developmental processes and SPEN haploinsufficiency is a major contributor to a disorder associated with deletions centromeric to the previously established 1p36 critical regions.

Published
2021

4. Variants in the degron of AFF3 are associated with intellectual disability, mesomelic dysplasia, horseshoe kidney, and epileptic encephalopathy

Author

Rhonda E. Schnur, Fabio Sirchia, Olga Levchenko, Caroline Nava, Jane Juusola, Sarah Verheyen, Marketa Vlckova, Lindsay Rhodes, Gregory M. Cooper, Darina Prchalova, Thomas Courtin, Øystein L. Holla, David Kronn, Akemi J. Tanaka, E. Martina Bebin, Tara Funari, Miroslava Hancarova, Ennio Del Giudice, Nicolas Guex, Astrid Eisenkölbl, Dawn L. Earl, Toshiki Takenouchi, Ursula Gruber-Sedlmayr, Sedlácek Z, Sofia Douzgou, Heidelis A. Seebacher, Gerarda Cappuccio, Jasmin Blatterer, Anna Mikhaleva, Dian Donnai, Wendy K. Chung, Else Merckoll, Natasha J Brown, Elizabeth A. Sellars, Stefan Mundlos, Susan M. Hiatt, Giuliana Giannuzzi, Sinje Geuer, Giuseppina Vitiello, Séverine Lorrain, Alexandre Reymond, David J. Amor, Nicolas Chatron, Julien Delafontaine, Martine Doco, Kristian Tveten, Cecilie F. Rustad, Sylvain Pradervand, Delphine Héron, Alfredo Brusco, Elena L. Dadali, Nicola Brunetti-Pierri, Boris Keren, Yuri A. Zarate, Crystle Lee, Joel Charrow, Binnaz Yalcin, Heidi Taska-Tench, Elin Tønne, Tomoko Uehara, Alexander Lavrov, Jennifer Norman, Norine Voisin, Anna C.E. Hurst, Victoria R. Sanders, Ganka Douglas, Diana Johnson, Kenjiro Kosaki, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University [Camden] (CMSRU), Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (MFT), University of Manchester [Manchester], HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology [Huntsville, AL], Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Victorian Clinical Genetics Services [Melbourne, VIC, Australia] (VCGS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute (MCRI), University of Melbourne, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Groupe de Recherche Clinique : Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme [ CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière AP-HP] (GRC : DIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Research Centre for Medical Genetics [Moscow, Russia] (RCMG), Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics (MPIMG), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Medical University of Graz, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Charles University [Prague] (CU), University Hospital Motol [Prague], University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Azienda Ospedalerio - Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino = University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Hémostase et Remodelage Vasculaire Post-Ischémie (HERVI - EA 3801), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), GeneDx [Gaithersburg, MD, USA], Johannes Kepler University Linz [Linz] (JKU), Telemark Hospital Trust [Skien, Norway], New York Medical College (NYMC), Integris Pediatric Neurology [Oklahoma City, OK, USA] (IPN), Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo' [Trieste], Keio University School of Medicine [Tokyo, Japan], Columbia University [New York], Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine [Manchester, UK] (MCGM), St Mary's Hospital Manchester-Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester [Manchester]-University of Manchester [Manchester]-Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (MFT)-Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health [Manchester, UK], Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Dupuis, Christine, Voisin, N., Schnur, R. E., Douzgou, S., Hiatt, S. M., Rustad, C. F., Brown, N. J., Earl, D. L., Keren, B., Levchenko, O., Geuer, S., Verheyen, S., Johnson, D., Zarate, Y. A., Hancarova, M., Amor, D. J., Bebin, E. M., Blatterer, J., Brusco, A., Cappuccio, G., Charrow, J., Chatron, N., Cooper, G. M., Courtin, T., Dadali, E., Delafontaine, J., Del Giudice, E., Doco, M., Douglas, G., Eisenkolbl, A., Funari, T., Giannuzzi, G., Gruber-Sedlmayr, U., Guex, N., Heron, D., Holla, O. L., Hurst, A. C. E., Juusola, J., Kronn, D., Lavrov, A., Lee, C., Lorrain, S., Merckoll, E., Mikhaleva, A., Norman, J., Pradervand, S., Prchalova, D., Rhodes, L., Sanders, V. R., Sedlacek, Z., Seebacher, H. A., Sellars, E. A., Sirchia, F., Takenouchi, T., Tanaka, A. J., Taska-Tench, H., Tonne, E., Tveten, K., Vitiello, G., Vlckova, M., Uehara, T., Nava, C., Yalcin, B., Kosaki, K., Donnai, D., Mundlos, S., Brunetti Pierri, N., Chung, W. K., and Reymond, A.

Subjects
Male, Models, Molecular, Hypertrichosis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mesomelic Dysplasia, Transcriptome, Mice, Gene Frequency, Missense mutation, Child, Zebrafish, Genetics (clinical), Genetics, Brain Diseases, 0303 health sciences, biology, Protein Stability, 030305 genetics & heredity, AFF3, AFF4, horseshoe kidney, intellectual disability, mesomelic dysplasia, Nuclear Proteins, Syndrome, Phenotype, Ubiquitin ligase, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Child, Preschool, Female, Transcriptional Elongation Factors, Adolescent, Mutation, Missense, Osteochondrodysplasias, Article, Evolution, Molecular, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Animals, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, Fused Kidney, 030304 developmental biology, Epilepsy, Infant, Horseshoe kidney, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, biology.protein
Abstract

International audience; The ALF transcription factor paralogs, AFF1, AFF2, AFF3, and AFF4, are components of the transcriptional super elongation complex that regulates expression of genes involved in neurogenesis and development. We describe an autosomal dominant disorder associated with de novo missense variants in the degron of AFF3, a nine amino acid sequence important for its binding to ubiquitin ligase, or with de novo deletions of this region. The sixteen affected individuals we identified, along with two previously reported individuals, present with a recognizable pattern of anomalies, which we named KINSSHIP syndrome (KI for horseshoe kidney, NS for Nievergelt/Savarirayan type of mesomelic dysplasia, S for seizures, H for hypertrichosis, I for intellectual disability, and P for pulmonary involvement), partially overlapping the AFF4-associated CHOPS syndrome. Whereas homozygous Aff3 knockout mice display skeletal anomalies, kidney defects, brain malformations, and neurological anomalies, knockin animals modeling one of the microdeletions and the most common of the missense variants identified in affected individuals presented with lower mesomelic limb deformities like KINSSHIP-affected individuals and early lethality, respectively. Overexpression of AFF3 in zebrafish resulted in body axis anomalies, providing some support for the pathological effect of increased amount of AFF3. The only partial phenotypic overlap of AFF3-and AFF4-associated syndromes and the previously published transcriptome analyses of ALF transcription factors suggest that these factors are not redundant and each contributes uniquely to proper development.

Published
2021
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5. Parent-of-origin-specific allelic associations among 106 genomic loci for age at menarche

Author

Jing Hua Zhao, Vilmundur Gudnason, Robin Haring, Enda M. Byrne, Christian Gieger, Marek Zygmunt, Lude Franke, Peter Kraft, Eric Boerwinkle, Matthias W. Beckmann, Catharina A. Hartman, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Aida Karina Dieffenbach, André G. Uitterlinden, Grant W. Montgomery, Graham G. Giles, Felix R. Day, Anja Rudolph, Arto Mannermaa, Sven Bergmann, Nora Franceschini, Julian Peto, Ellen W. Demerath, Diana L. Cousminer, Wei Ang, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Patrick F. McArdle, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Irene L. Andrulis, Aarno Palotie, Nicholas J. Timpson, Paolo Peterlongo, Johan G. Eriksson, Bernardo Bonanni, Dorret I. Boomsma, J. Margriet Collée, Immaculata De Vivo, Bjarke Feenstra, Teresa Ferreira, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Nancy L. Pedersen, Deborah J. Thompson, Peter Vollenweider, Douglas F. Easton, Pascal Guénel, Anna Maria Storniolo, Erik Ingelsson, Gisli Masson, Annika Lindblom, Stefania Bandinelli, Elisabeth Widen, Doris Stöckl, Veikko Salomaa, Zoltán Kutalik, Nicholas J. Wareham, Joanne M. Murabito, Eleonora Porcu, Fergus J. Couch, Katri Pylkäs, Luigi Ferrucci, Wendy L. McArdle, Frank Geller, Andrea D. Coviello, Lynda M. Rose, Daniel L. Koller, Ute Hamann, Ulla Sovio, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Roger L. Milne, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Paul M. Ridker, Henry Völzke, John R. B. Perry, Stephen J. Chanock, Tanguy Corre, Mads Melbye, Ben A. Oostra, Albert V. Smith, Tõnu Esko, Melissa E. Garcia, Debbie A Lawlor, Meir J. Stampfer, Per Hall, Patrick Sulem, Massimo Mangino, Nicholas G. Martin, David J. Hunter, Laura Crisponi, Tatiana Foroud, Antonietta Robino, Michael J. Econs, Susan M. Ring, Natalia Tšernikova, Dirkje S. Postma, Lavinia Paternoster, Peter A. Fasching, Tamara B. Harris, Ellen A. Nohr, Javier Benitez, Ruth J. F. Loos, Robert Winqvist, Andres Metspalu, Jenny A. Visser, Heather A. Boyd, Jonathan Tyrer, Alexander Teumer, Tim D. Spector, Sandra Lai, Douglas P. Kiel, Kamila Czene, Hiltrud Brauch, George Davey Smith, Julia A. Knight, Erin K. Wagner, Suiqun Guo, Tune H. Pers, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Kathryn L. Lunetta, Hoda Anton-Culver, Marjanka K. Schmidt, George McMahon, Ken K. Ong, Adamo Pio D'Adamo, Veli-Matti Kosma, Jinhui Chen, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Diether Lambrechts, Femke Atsma, Serena Sanna, Ilja M. Nolte, Eco de Geus, Daniel I. Chasman, Emmi Tikkanen, John L. Hopper, Anna Murray, Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong, Sanela Kjellqvist, Eva Albrecht, Hermann Brenner, Paolo Gasparini, Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel, Alison M. Dunning, John P. Rice, Craig E. Pennell, Mark I. McCarthy, Andrea Ganna, Henri Wallaschofski, Frank B. Hu, Gérard Waeber, Henrik Flyger, Evelin Mihailov, Peter Devilee, Lisette Stolk, Behrooz Z. Alizadeh, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Najaf Amin, Patrick Neven, Reedik Mägi, Kyriaki Michailidou, Kari Stefansson, Munro Peacock, Julie E. Buring, Laura J. Bierut, Cathy E. Elks, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Anneli Pouta, David Schlessinger, Harold Snieder, Chunyan He, Joe Dennis, Heli Nevanlinna, Gonneke Willemsen, Andrew C. Heath, Elizabeth A. Streeten, Albert Hofman, Angela Cox, Maartje J. Hooning, Lili Milani, Margaret J. Wright, Fernando Rivadeneira, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Mellissa C. Southey, Qin Wang, Paolo Radice, Manjeet K. Bolla, Kay-Tee Khaw, Carl Blomqvist, Melanie Waldenberger, Sheila Ulivi, David Couper, Jenny Chang-Claude, David Karasik, Stig E. Bojesen, Andrew D. Johnson, David P. 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F, Mccarthy, Mark I, Montgomery, Grant W, Rice, John P, Streeten, Elizabeth A, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z, Bergmann, Sven, Boerwinkle, Eric, Boyd, Heather A, Crisponi, Laura, Gasparini, Paolo, Gieger, Christian, Harris, Tamara B, Ingelsson, Erik, Järvelin, Marjo Riitta, Kraft, Peter, Lawlor, Debbie, Metspalu, Andre, Pennell, Craig E, Ridker, Paul M, Snieder, Harold, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A, Spector, Tim D, Strachan, David P, Uitterlinden, André G, Wareham, Nicholas J, Widen, Elisabeth, Zygmunt, Marek, Murray, Anna, Easton, Douglas F, Stefansson, Kari, Murabito, Joanne M, Ong, Ken K., Panico, Salvatore, Perry, John R. 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A., Spector, Tim D., Strachan, David P., Uitterlinden, André G., Wareham, Nicholas J., Easton, Douglas F., and Murabito, Joanne M.

Subjects
Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Male, Parents, CENTRAL PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY, Genome-wide association study, Disease, VARIANTS, DISEASE, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, Adolescent, Age Factors, Alleles, Breast Neoplasms/genetics, Cardiovascular Diseases/genetics, Child, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics, Europe/ethnology, Female, Genetic Loci/genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genomic Imprinting/genetics, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiology, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics, Membrane Proteins/genetics, Menarche/genetics, Obesity/genetics, Ovary/physiology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics, Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain/genetics, Proteins/genetics, Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics, Receptors, GABA-B/metabolism, Receptors, Retinoic Acid/metabolism, Ribonucleoproteins/genetics, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Protein, Age Factor, Tandem Pore Domain, GENE-EXPRESSION, 0303 health sciences, BREAST-CANCER RISK, 3. Good health, Ribonucleoproteins, Cardiovascular Diseases, Menarche, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Science & Technology - Other Topics, GENICA Network, Breast Neoplasm, Type 2, Human, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Quantitative Trait Loci, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, REVEALS, Diabetes Mellitus, Polymorphism, METAANALYSIS, Science & Technology, ta1184, Calcium-Binding Proteins, Proteins, HUMAN PREFRONTAL CORTEX, ta3121, ta3123, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Genetic Loci, CELLS, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, LifeLines Cohort Study, Potassium Channels, Receptors, Retinoic Acid, Retinoic Acid, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Polymorphism (computer science), Cardiovascular Disease, Receptors, WIDE ASSOCIATION, Membrane Protein, Allele, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, Multidisciplinary, Single Nucleotide, Europe, Multidisciplinary Sciences, kConFab, Breast Neoplasms, Genomic Imprinting, Membrane Proteins, Obesity, Ovary, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain, Receptors, GABA-B, General Science & Technology, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, Quantitative trait locus, Biology, Healthcare improvement science Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 18], Early Growth Genetics (EGG) Consortium, 030304 developmental biology, Protein, GABA-B, Ribonucleoprotein, InterAct Consortium, Genetic architecture, Parent, Genomic imprinting
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 136472.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Age at menarche is a marker of timing of puberty in females. It varies widely between individuals, is a heritable trait and is associated with risks for obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and all-cause mortality. Studies of rare human disorders of puberty and animal models point to a complex hypothalamic-pituitary-hormonal regulation, but the mechanisms that determine pubertal timing and underlie its links to disease risk remain unclear. Here, using genome-wide and custom-genotyping arrays in up to 182,416 women of European descent from 57 studies, we found robust evidence (P < 5 x 10(-8)) for 123 signals at 106 genomic loci associated with age at menarche. Many loci were associated with other pubertal traits in both sexes, and there was substantial overlap with genes implicated in body mass index and various diseases, including rare disorders of puberty. Menarche signals were enriched in imprinted regions, with three loci (DLK1-WDR25, MKRN3-MAGEL2 and KCNK9) demonstrating parent-of-origin-specific associations concordant with known parental expression patterns. Pathway analyses implicated nuclear hormone receptors, particularly retinoic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid-B2 receptor signalling, among novel mechanisms that regulate pubertal timing in humans. Our findings suggest a genetic architecture involving at least hundreds of common variants in the coordinated timing of the pubertal transition.

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