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Magnetic susceptibility is a magnetic vulnerability that is often measured in rocks for various purposes. In this study, magnetic susceptibility was applied to distinguish weathering in rocks in different environments i.e., beaches and mountains. The rocks used are igneous rocks originating from Sikambe mount and rocks on the Prigi Coast in Trenggalek Regency. The samples were taken in three categories, i.e., are Fresh, semi weathered, and perfectly weathered rocks. All the rock was crushed to form like gravel, then tested magnetic susceptibility (χlf and χhf). It is shown that the magnetic susceptibility value of the mount Sikambe area in fresh rocks is higher than that of perfectly weathered rocks, while in the coastal area, Prigi has the magnetic susceptibility value of weathered rocks is greater than fresh rocks. The values of χlf and χhf can be calculated the value of frequency-dependent susceptibility (χfd). The average value of χfd in Sikambe mount is indicating that magnetic mineral grains are in the range of multi-domains (MD), and on the coast of Prigi is indicating that magnetic mineral grains are in the range of pseudo-single domains (PSD). In this case, χfd, can be useful to knowing the level of rock weathering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to determine the magnetic properties of weathered and unweathered rocks of basalt and basaltic andesite by measuring magnetic susceptibility and analysis of magnetic domain distribution. The identification of magnetic rock properties by magnetic susceptibility has been done on rock weathering of rip rap in Lahor Dam, Malang regency. Samples were tested using Bartington Magnetic Susceptibility Meter (MS2B) to determine the value of magnetic susceptibility. The result of susceptibility test shows that low-frequency susceptibility (χlf) of the outer part of the potentially weathered rock has values ranged from (314-2,744) × 10−8m3kg−1 for basalt with average 1,470.38 × 10−8m3kg−1, and the inner part (296-2,681) × 10−8m3kg−1, with average 828.85 × 10−8m3kg−1. The average of dependent frequency susceptibility (χfd) for this rock is about 0.767%. Meanwhile for the outer part of basaltic andesite has low-frequency susceptibility (χlf) ranged from (529-3,974) × 10−8m3kg−1, with average 2,241.23 × 10−8m3kg−1, and the inner part ranged from (540-3,754) × 10-8m3kg-1, with average 2,336.11 × 10-8m3kg-1. The average of dependent frequency susceptibility (χfd) for this rock is about 1.018%. Thus, it can be concluded that the magnetic susceptibility of the outer part of the rock is higher than that of the inner part. There are no differences in magnetic domain distribution between the inner and outer parts of rock during the weathering process, and all the samples have a tendency to multi-domain magnetic grains (MD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of pollution levels on vehicles is an important thing that needs to be studied more deeply by researchers to provide solutions to the pollution that occur due to pollution from vehicle emissions. Rock magnetization studies can be used to study various problems, such as pollution tests in the agricultural environment, rivers, and lakes. This research was conducted to develop new methods to determine the level of exhaust emissions of buses and others. Sampling was carried out by scrapping the exhaust tube of the bus on two different types of buses, i.e., 35 samples on public buses and 14 samples on tourism buses. Samples were tested to determine the elements with XRF and magnetic susceptibility tests using Bartington MS2B. The measurement results shows that the elemental content found in bottom ash samples, among others, Fe 18.6 - 72.01%, Mo 10-47%, S 7-24.5%, Ca 0.53-24.7%, P 0, 9-2.9%, Zn 0.38-2.99%, Ni 0.07-0.28%, Cu 0.17-0.4%, Mn 0.09-0.5%, Cr 0.1 -0.5%, Ti 0.16 -1,1%, Re 0.2-0.3%, 0.06-0.6%. The value of low-frequency magnetic susceptibility (χlf) the public bus samples have a range (4.00 - 343.77) × 10-8 m3/kg with an average of 46.31 × 10-8 m3/kg with an average of χfd of 3.45%. The tourism bus emission samples have a range between (5.19 - 146.37) × 10-8 m3/kg with an average of 51.880 × 10-8 m3/kg with an average χfd of 3.68%. The types of magnetic minerals found on public and tourism buses imply ferrimagnetic minerals with superparamagnetic (SP) and single stable domain (SSD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional gold mining carried out by the Labuan Kuris village community traditionally, with processing facilities located in the vicinity of the River Basion, Sumbawa Indonesia, allows the river flow to be contaminated with heavy metal processing gold waste. One effort to understand the environmental conditions was through a study of the magnetic properties of river sediments to study how pollution conditions can be responded to by the magnetic properties of the sediment. River sediment collection from upstream to downstream was carried out at 10 points. This study aims to compare the magnetic properties of river sediments before and after exposure to gold processing waste through magnetic susceptibility analysis of low frequency (χlf) and high frequency (χhf) measured using Bartington MS2B Susceptibility meter. The results showed that the average value of low-frequency magnetic susceptibility (χlf) river sediment samples before exposure to waste was 1763.50 × (10-8m3kg-1), whereas for low-frequency magnetic susceptibility values (χlf) river sediment samples after exposure to waste of 1907.33 × (10-8m3kg-1). Analysis of χlf shows that an increase in the magnetic susceptibility of river sediments from upstream to downstream after exposure to community mining waste. Through the measurement of frequency-dependent susceptibility (χfd), river sediment samples contain Multydomain (MD) and Pseudo Single Domain (PSD / SSD) grains and indicate that magnetic minerals in the environment are derived from lithogenic and anthropogenic minerals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic susceptibility and geochemical data have been widely used in environmental studies. In general, the data are analyzed only based on the correlation between variables. In this paper, the multivariate statistical analysis method is used intensively to identify environmental conditions based on magnetic susceptibility and geochemistry. The objects of this research are the two inlet rivers of Sentani lake, Papua, Indonesia, namely the Hubay and the Kamp Wolker River. In this study matrix correlation, principal component analysis (PCA) and the factor analysis technique were employed in the analysis task. Using the methods, we found the characteristic of geochemical elements and their correlations with magnetic susceptibilities, and dominant geochemical elements in the inlet rivers, which distinguishes the two rivers significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measurements of magnetic susceptibility have been performed for many purposes, such as to differentiate contaminated and non-contaminated soil, soil mapping, evaluate soil condition, and so forth. This study aims to understand the magnetic susceptibility profile and morphology of magnetic minerals on soils of the paddy plantation area in Madiun and Malang East Java. Samples were tested by Bartington MS2B magnetic susceptibility meter to identify magnetic susceptibility, and the image of Scanning Electron Microscope – Energy Dispersive X Ray (SEM-EDX) to see the morphology of magnetic minerals. Based on analysis data, both of paddy plantation area have an average of magnetic susceptibility low frequency (χlf) of about 167 × 10-8 m3/kg in Madiun plantation and about 210 × 10-8 m3/kg in Malang. The image of magnetic minerals strictly corresponds to magnetic susceptibility dependence frequency (χfd). The differences of volcanic ash contribution to that two areas are predicted to influence the magnetic mineral domain, which corresponds χfd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mangrove sediment has a unique environmental absorption characteristics, as it has two sources of sediment which are from allocthonous sediment and authochtonous sediment. In this research, the mangrove sediment samples are taken from Clungup Mangrove Conservation in Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The samples are taken from four spots around the mouth of the river, and four spots around mangrove conservation. Those samples are analyzed based on the magnetic characteristics and the element composition to reveal the magnetic properties and element composition so in the future they can be used as indicators to trace the source of magnetic minerals that are precipitated in the mangrove ecosystem. The magnetic susceptibility value based on mass for mangrove sediment around the river area has the range of (38,8-2130)x10-8m³kg-1, while for the conservation area has the range of (0,97-122,5)x10-8m³kg-1. Based on XRF analysis, the mangrove sediment both from the river area and mangrove conservation area has a non-metallic element S, Br, metallic element Ca, Si, Al, K, Ti, Sr, and heavy metallic element Fe, Ni, Cu, Cr, Zn, Zr, Mn, and V, with the highest concentration of Fe element followed by Ca, Al, Si, and Ti. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]