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For the first time, a new magnetic separation strategy for alkaloids from Coptis chinensis was developed in this study. For basic research, physical properties including thermal properties, solubility and magnetic properties of six Fe-containing magnetic compounds based on isoquinoline alkaloids (including isoquinoline, berberine, palmatine, tetrahydropalmatine, tetrahydropapaverine and berbamine) were characterized firstly, which showed good thermal stability (Tstart > 190 °C) and expected magnetic susceptibility (>1.35 × 10−5 emu g−1). The Gouy method measurement results were in agreement with the order determined using a vibrating sample magnetometer. Then the new integrated method of extraction–derivatization–magnetic separation was successfully applied for the target isoquinoline compounds from Coptis chinensis for the first time on the basis of the above studies, and the recovery of various samples was in the range of 96.85–101.4%. As the key operation in the whole process, derivatization/magnetization not only makes these alkaloids exhibit a good magnetic response in various states but also provides a new strategy of magnetic separation after their extraction. As a result, the effects of different extraction and derivatization conditions were investigated for target compounds from Coptis chinensis in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Ionic liquid and deep eutectic solvent was used simultaneously for the first time. • New triphase dynamic system was developed on the basis of two green solvents. • Green extraction was combined with magnetic separation effectively. • Both Tartary buckwheat flavonoids and oil were obtained in dynamic process. Friendly and highly efficient acquisition of multiple active components from foods is always of great interest. For synchronous extraction and separation flavonoids together with oil from Tartary buckwheat, a new triphase dynamic system was developed with magnetic nanofluid based on deep eutectic solvent (N888-Cl/lauric acid, 1:2) (liquid phase 1), ionic liquid ([C 4 mim]Br) aqueous solution (liquid phase 2) and raw material powders (solid phase). It was the first time that two types of green solvents were simultaneously applied and assisted by magnetic separation. Through the investigation on key properties and operational conditions of this system, the extraction efficiency of oil and flavonoids in liquid phase 1 and 2 was achieved as 35.29 and 41.17 mg/g respectively, which were higher than that of conventional ways. Then kinetic and thermodynamics mechanisms were discovered comprehensively. After targeted recovery, the spectral characterization and antioxidant activity of two products proved the effectiveness of the developed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Extraction, separation and recovery were integrated in a hybrid route for the first time. • In situ magnetic derivatization was achieved in emulsion for selective separation. • Main alkaloids and concomitants were enriched in various phases. • Phase behaviors, transmembrane process and separation mechanism were explored comprehensively. • The whole process was multifunctional, continuous, low cost and highly efficient. A new emulsion liquid membrane extraction-in situ magnetization-magnetic separation (ELME-ISM-MS) method was developed to extract, separate and recover various compounds (alkaloids, flavonoid and saccharides) from Mahonia bealeias (Fort.) Carr. in a hyphenated way for the first time. Stable water-in-oil-in-water emulsion was prepared in developed circumstances; then water-soluble compounds (e.g. berberine hydrochloride) remained in feed phase; other compounds with weaker polarity entered into the membrane phase, and the lipid-soluble alkaloids (e.g. tetrahydroberberine) reacted with the derivatization reagents of FeCl 3 and HCl in the internal phase for subsequent magnetic separation. Phase behaviors, transmembrane process and separation mechanism were all investigated systematically. Such a continuous, highly-efficient and low consumed multifunctional process can benefit sustainable preparation of natural products, which realized extraction, enrichment, separation, purification and recovery simultaneously; the yields of berberine, tetrahydroberberine, rutin and polysaccharides were 67.78, 1.40, 12.58 and 9.88 mg/g, separately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The grafting of a drug molecule, i.e., geldanamycin (GA) onto polyethyleneimine (PEI)-coated magnetic nanoparticle produces a novel composite, GA@Fe 3 O 4 –NH 2. The composite is confirmed by characterizations with FT-IR, Raman, SEM, EDS, VSM and TEM. Due to the high binding-affinity of GA with myosin heavy chain (MYH), GA@Fe 3 O 4 –NH 2 exhibits excellent adsorption performance towards myosin. Consequently, a solid-phase extraction procedure is established for highly efficient and selective separation of myosin from pig heart extract. At pH 6.0, an adsorption efficiency of 97.1 % is achieved for treating 100 μg mL−1 myosin (0.1 mL) with 0.1 mg GA@Fe 3 O 4 –NH 2 as adsorbent. The adsorption behavior of myosin onto GA@Fe 3 O 4 –NH 2 fits Langmuir model, corresponding to a theoretical adsorption capacity of 518.1 mg g−1. The adsorbed myosin can be readily recycled by the SDS solution (1 %, m/m) with an elution efficiency of 91.8 %. According to circular dichroism spectroscopy, the conformational changes of myosin during adsorption and elution are reversible. For practical application, myosin is successfully isolated from the pig left ventricular protein extract with GA@Fe 3 O 4 –NH 2 , and SDS-PAGE and LC-MS/MS showed that myosin had high purity and a total of 716 proteins could be identified. Significantly, Geldamycin-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticle for the separation of myosin well exploits the potential of the nanomaterials modified by drug molecules in the separation and purification of target proteins. [Display omitted] • GA@Fe 3 O 4 –NH 2 was obtained through intermolecular hydrogen bonds. • GA@Fe 3 O 4 –NH 2 exhibits selective adsorption for myosin due to the high binding-affinity of GA with myosin heavy chain. • GA@Fe 3 O 4 –NH 2 as a protein extractant has potential application value in scrofa heart proteomics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]