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In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of electronic wearables, among which flexible magnetoelectronic skin has emerged as a key component. This technology is part of the rapidly progressing field of flexible wearable electronics, which has facilitated a new human perceptual development known as the magnetic sense. However, the magnetoelectronic skin is limited due to its low sensitivity and substantial field limitations as a wearable electronic device for sensing minor magnetic fields. Additionally, achieving efficient and non-destructive delamination in flexible magnetic sensors remains a significant challenge, hindering their development. In this study, we demonstrate a novel magnetoelectronic touchless interactive device that utilizes a flexible giant magnetoresistive sensor array. The flexible magnetic sensor array was developed through an electrochemical delamination process, and the resultant ultra-thin flexible electronic system possessed both ultra-thin and non-destructive characteristics. The flexible magnetic sensor is capable of achieving a bending angle of up to 90 degrees, maintaining its performance integrity even after multiple repetitive bending cycles. Our study also provides demonstrations of non-contact interaction and pressure sensing. This research is anticipated to significantly contribute to the advancement of high-performance flexible magnetic sensors and catalyze the development of more sophisticated magnetic electronic skins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, there is a meteoric rise in the prevalence of electronic wearables, and flexible wearables have attracted tremendous attention in human–machine interfaces due to their high biocompatibility, functionality, conformability, and low‐cost. Flexible magnetic smart skin is part of this rapidly progressing field of flexible wearable electronics, which has paved the way for a new path for human perceptual development, as they may form a new perception, also known as magnetic sense, that is, the capacity to detect and interact with magnetic fields. In this review, the concept of the magnetic smart skin is defined: magnetoelastomers and flexible magnetic sensors. In magnetoelastomers, different sources of magnetic field, structures, and applications are summarized by recent and renowned research. In flexible magnetic sensors, different flexible substrates, sensor types, and applications are also summarized. This review further concludes by discussing the outlook and current challenges of magnetic smart skin in human–machine interfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the high application value in intelligent robots, tactile sensors with large sensing area and multi‐dimensional sensing ability have attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. Inspired by bionics of hairs on human skin, a flexible tactile sensor based on magnetic cilia array is developed, showing extremely high sensitivity and stability. The upper layers of the sensor are multiple magnetic cilia containing magnetic particles, while the lower layer is a serpentine flexible circuit board with a magnetic sensor array. When magnetic cilia are bent under force, the magnetic sensor array can detect changes in the magnetic field, thereby the magnitude and direction of external force can be obtained. The proposed sensor has a resolution of 0.2 mN with a working range of 0–19.5 mN and can distinguish the direction of external force. The large sensing area and short response time make this sensor suitable for sliding tactile detection, and experiments show that the sensor can be also applied in object recognition with a success accuracy of 97%. In addition to the shape of objects, the sensor can identify whether there is magnetism inside objects, making it of significant value in intelligent robots and modern medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study provides a comprehensive review of the design and development of triaxial magnetoresistance sensors. As crucial elements for fabricating small-scale, high-efficiency magnetic field sensors, magnetoresistance (MR) sensors hold significant value but can only detect a scalar magnetic field in one direction. To meet the demand for high precision and miniaturization, researchers are exploring new approaches to detecting three-dimensional magnetic fields, such as integrating multiple MR sensors on a single chip. The paper discusses the operational mechanics and models of GMR and TMR, highlighting the features of triaxial MR sensors. Various design approaches, including assembly-based methods, micro-fabricated substrates, magnetic flux guides, and those based on novel principles, are reviewed. It also analyzes the advantages and limitations of these designs in three-dimensional magnetic field detection and forecasts their future progress. The potential applications of triaxial MR sensors in geomagnetic detection, electromagnetic testing, and other fields are also discussed. [Display omitted] • The current state of novel triaxial magnetoresistance sensors is provided. • The fundamental models and working mechanisms of magnetoresistance sensors are presented. • The key characteristics of triaxial magnetoresistance sensors are outlined. • The design principles and implementation methods for triaxial magnetoresistance sensors are reviewed. • Applications of triaxial MR sensors are summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(001)-oriented FeAlSi polycrystalline thin films with a flat surface and B2-ordered structure were grown on thermally oxidized SiO2 substrates using MgO buffer layers. The FeAlSi thin films composition-adjusted to the Sendust alloy exhibited a low coercivity (Hc) after the annealing process. We utilized these films as bottom electrodes of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) and characterized their tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) effect. The TMR effect was 35.9% at room temperature. In addition, the TMR ratio increased to 51.0% when a thin CoFeB layer was inserted into the FeAlSi/MgO interface, without degrading the small switching field of the FeAlSi electrode. These MTJs with a small switching field and relatively high TMR ratio using the FeAlSi electrode are promising for highly sensitive MTJ-based magnetic sensor devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]