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Background: Cytogenetic abnormalities in leukemia cells have strong prognostic values for different clinical subgroups, clinical features, and therapeutic outcomes. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on 100 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia referred to Ahvaz Shafa Hospital during 2012–2017. The patients were diagnosed by a specialist through examination of morphology and flow cytometry, testing bone marrow specimen on the 7th day of treatment, and a karyotype and cytogenetic test are performed. Results: There was no relationship between the t(11q23) and gender nor age of children. Besides, the mean white blood cell (WBC) counts in patients who were negative for 11q23 and those positive revealed a statistically significant relationship between WBC count and 11q23 (P = 0.022). Conclusion: A significant association between the 11q23 translocation and primary response to chemotherapy is existed. Diagnostic accuracy of these tests for detecting t(11q23) is generally high, as well as sensitivity and specificity are optimal for all anomalies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant disorder of lymphoid progenitor cells that affects both children and adults. B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) that derived from primary B cell precursors is acommonsubtype of ALL. PAX5 is a member of PAX gene family. This gene is located at 9p13.2, encoding the B-cell lineage specific activator protein (BSAP). BSAP is an essential regulator of B lymphocytes identity and function which plays an important role in part of B cell specific genes. Objectives: The aim of this study is to screen probable variants in flanking regions of introns 1 and 2 near the exons 1, 2 and 3 of PAX5 gene among B-ALL patients from Khuzestan province. Patients and Methods: In this descriptive study, blood samples were collected from 50 patients with clinical symptoms of B-ALL in Khuzestan province. In order to identify the probable variants in introns 1 and 2 near the exons 1, 2 and 3 of PAX5 gene, flanking regions of introns amplified by PCR and the products were sequenced for any probable change. Results: Two variants in nine patients were identified including IVS2-43T > C and IVS2 + 11T > G. IVS2-43T > C variant was found as a heterozygous form in one patient and IVS2 + 11T > G was found as a homozygous variant in 8 patients with B-ALL. Conclusions: The overall frequency of variants in intron 2 of PAX5 gene was 18%. IVS2 + 11T > G variant of PAX5 gene probably do not associated with B-ALL risk in the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Acute leukemia is the most common malignancy in children and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) accounts for 75% of acute leukemia cases. New treatment protocols have resulted incomplete remission rates up to nearly 100% in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Today, one of the most important prognostic factors in acute lymphoblastic leukemia is intensity of the treatment. Risk stratification is accomplished based on clinical, morphological, immune-phenotypic and cytogenetic findings. The aim of this study was to determine some prognostic factors in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Methods: In this retrospective study information about age at onset of acute leukemia, sex, initial white blood cell count, FAB-subtype, immunophenotype, and clinical course of newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia were extracted from medical records of children admitted to pediatric oncology department of ShafaHospital between- 2011and2012. Results: There were 21 male patients (51.2%) and 20 were female patients (48.8%). The mean age was 4.2 ± 6.34 years, and 24 patients (58.5%) had Arab origins, while 17 patients (41.5%) were of non-Arab ethnicity. Age distribution showed higher incidence of ALL in younger children: 1-4 years 47.5%, 5-9 years 27.5% and 25% in patients >10 years.L2 subtype was more common in our patients 51.2% while L1 subtype was reported 46.3%.Only one patient was reported to be L3 subtype (2.4%), yet we did not detect any significant relation between different age groups and trend for incidence for specific subtype. The number of white blood cell (WBC) at the time of admission was reported as: less than 10,000 cells/cm in 30%, between11-50,000 in 37.5% and >50,000 in 32.5% patients. Organ involvement was present in 47.5%, and central nervous involvement, (proved by positive malignant cells in CSF fluid) was detected in 4.9% of our patients. In our study, HLA-DR was 62.5% in ALL patients and CD 20 and CD19 was the most common marker in these patients. In our work the most common markers in L1, which was found in 19 patients were reported CD 19, CD33, CD22,CD35, CD20 and CD9. Also the percentage of markers in L2 subtype had a similarity to L1 group. Conclusion: Conclusion: In this study, FAB-subtype L1 was less than previous studies, while FAB-subtype L2 and pre-B cell immunophenotype was more common than previous studies. Other results were the same as reported in older studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an invasive disease with a higher incidence in children and adolescents. In terms of Immunophenotype, T-ALL is positive for CD2, CD7, CD34 and HLA-DR, and the level of these markers is increased with increasing age. In addition, the myeloid markers (CD13, CD33) are sometimes expressed in T-ALL. In this study, we introduce a rare case of a 28-year-old woman with T-ALL with aberrant expression of myeloid markers (CD13), without lymphadenopathy and with 94% blasts in bone marrow specimens. The patient has the rare karyotype of 46,XX del(7)(q11.2q22). The presence of del7 is a rare phenomenon in T-ALL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]