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Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare entity formerly known as eosinophilic granuloma. It is characterised by clonal multiplication of langerhans cells (LCs) that can occur anywhere in the body, especially in connective tissue of skin, lymph nodes and bone. Although rare, the disorder frequently affects children. A 7-year male child presented with the complaint of swelling at glabella. CT-scan revealed a defect in the middle of both frontal bones with brain herniating out of it. The clinical differential diagnosis included osteomyelitis, Tuberculosis and encephalocele. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed and diagnosis of LCH was confirmed by typical cytological features, followed by immuno- histochemical staining for CD1a.

Neoplasms of the vulva are rare and most commonly reported amongst them are epithelial tumors. Teratomas have been reported in many extragonadal sites. We report the only case of an immature teratoma of the vulva with inguinal lymph node metastasis.

Objective: To observe and document the clinical features, mode of presentation, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of Kikuchi's disease., Design: An observational and descriptive study., Place and Duration of Study: Histopathology department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi from January, 1997 to December, 2001. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Thirty-one cases of Kikuchi's disease of lymph node were diagnosed during the study period. Hematoxylin and Eosin stained slides were examined and histological features including extent of architectural effacement, zonation, extent of necrosis, and cellular composition were recorded. Special stains and immunohistochemistry was done., Results: Kikuchi's disease was diagnosed in 31 cases (1.9%) out of 5762 lymph node biopsies received. There were 10 male and 21 female patients. Ten patients were aged between 21 and 25 years (33%). Eight (25.8%) patients were from pediatric age group. Thirty patients (96.4%) presented with cervical lymphadenopathy. Thirteen (41.9%) lymph nodes showed fragmentation, while 8 (25.8%) revealed perinodal spill. Seventeen cases (54.7%) showed more than 50% necrosis. Zonation was seen in 13 (41.9%) cases. Immunohistochemistry showed majority of cells to be histiocytes and T-lymphocytes. Eight cases were followed-up, all of which showed regression of symptoms over 4-8 months., Conclusion: Kikuchi's disease is an uncommon cause of cervical lymphadenopathy in young females. Necrotic areas, karyorrhexis, zonation, absence of neutrophils and predominance of histiocytes with many plasmacytoid monocytes are features that aid in diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry can be used to differentiate it from malignant lymphoma. It is important for clinicians and pathologists to be aware of this entity as it is a benign disorder with a self-limiting course.