1. Pulmonary mesenchymal stem cells are engaged in distinct steps of host response to respiratory syncytial virus infection.
- Author
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Brügger M, Démoulins T, Barut GT, Zumkehr B, Oliveira Esteves BI, Mehinagic K, Haas Q, Schögler A, Rameix-Welti MA, Eléouët JF, Moehrlen U, Marti TM, Schmid RA, Summerfield A, Posthaus H, Ruggli N, Hall SRR, and Alves MP
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Lung cytology, Lung metabolism, Mesenchymal Stem Cells metabolism, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections metabolism, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human immunology, Sheep, Acute Lung Injury immunology, Acute Lung Injury virology, Lung immunology, Mesenchymal Stem Cells immunology, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections immunology
- Abstract
Lung-resident (LR) mesenchymal stem and stromal cells (MSCs) are key elements of the alveolar niche and fundamental regulators of homeostasis and regeneration. We interrogated their function during virus-induced lung injury using the highly prevalent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) which causes severe outcomes in infants. We applied complementary approaches with primary pediatric LR-MSCs and a state-of-the-art model of human RSV infection in lamb. Remarkably, RSV-infection of pediatric LR-MSCs led to a robust activation, characterized by a strong antiviral and pro-inflammatory phenotype combined with mediators related to T cell function. In line with this, following in vivo infection, RSV invades and activates LR-MSCs, resulting in the expansion of the pulmonary MSC pool. Moreover, the global transcriptional response of LR-MSCs appears to follow RSV disease, switching from an early antiviral signature to repair mechanisms including differentiation, tissue remodeling, and angiogenesis. These findings demonstrate the involvement of LR-MSCs during virus-mediated acute lung injury and may have therapeutic implications., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2021
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