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The article focuses on research into Earth's moon, revealing more water than expected and forcing scientists to reevaluate its evolution. While water is thought to have arrived on the moon from comets, planetary geochemist Larry Taylor suggests water is produced regularly on the moon's surface through a process involving hydrogen ions from the sun and oxygen released from rocks.

Scientists still have many unanswered questions about the moon's history, composition and internal structure. In recent years, researchers have called for renewed exploration of the moon. By studying the moon, these missions may also illuminate the history of all the rocky planets in the inner solar system: Mercury, Venus, Mars and especially Earth. Analysis of the lunar rocks and soil brought back to Earth by the Apollo astronauts and by unmanned Luna landers allowed researchers to get a glimpse of the moon's evolution. In the southern hemisphere of the moon's far side, mission scientists saw an unusual signature of high-iron rocks in the floor of the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin, the largest basin on the moon. Radio tracking of the spacecraft's orbit provided better information on the moon's gravity field. Radar experiment uncovered tantalizing hints that water ice exists in the permanently shadowed areas near the lunar south pole. The observations made by the Clementine and Lunar Prospector spacecraft enabled scientists to draw the first detailed global maps of the moon's topography, surface composition, gravitational variations and magnetic anomalies.The European Space Agency and Japan are planning to send probes into lunar orbit, and NASA is considering landing an unmanned spacecraft on the moon's far side.

The article provides information on the findings of the Soviet moon exploration, which confirms some of the theories of American Nobel prize winner Harold C. Urey. It states that the exploration has proven that the moon possesses on its surface little radioactive rocks, and that, around the moon, there are no magnetic fields, no cosmic radiation, and no atmosphere. It adds that the next explorations would concentrate on finding facts on the causes of the pockmarks on the lunar surface.

Five decades after Apollo 11, 2019 was the year we got serious about walking on the lunar surface again, writes Leah Crane [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses research about the Moon. Topics covered include the radiometric age dating of a moon rock by geologist Lars Borg that was published in the August 2011 issue of the journal "Nature," a theory about the early history of the moon by planetary scientist Erik Asphaug, and the discovery of water particles in moon rocks by geochemist Erik Hauri. Photographs of the moon from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter are presented.

The article discusses research on the Moon using data from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) by scientists including Tim Glotch, Justin Hagerty, and Jessica Sunshine. Information is provided on findings related to silica-rich mounds on the basaltic maria, lunar impact craters, and water on the moon. Other topics include the discovery of mercury and silver in lunar water, wrinkle ridges, and the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) impact.

The article reports on efforts by a group of astronomers in New Mexico to blast the moon with pulses of light from a powerful laser targeting suitcase-sized reflectors left on the lunar surface by the Apollo 11, 14 and 15 missions, as well as by two Russian landers. The team uses the photons that come back to Earth to assess the movement of the moon to an accuracy of a millimetre or two.

The article offers information on the fourth Apollo 15 moon exploration by the U.S. and perils attached to it. It states that it is one of the dangerous explorations conducted so far as the astronauts will be landing the moon surface will peaks measuring 15,000 feet and canyon 1,200 feet deep. It is a highland called the Sea of Rains, which according to the astronauts and scientists of National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) is experience worth gaining. It will help the scientists obtain four major features of the moon including the mare (lunar sea of once molten lava), a deep, snaking rille or gorge and a variety of puzzling smaller mounds and craters.

The article looks at studies on the surface of the Earth's moon published in August issues of "Nature" which suggest that it may have collided with a second, smaller moon billions of years ago.

The article discusses research by Martin Jutzi and Erik Asphaug at the University of California, Santa Cruz, published in the journal "Nature," which found that the thick crust and abundance of potassium and phosphorus of the far side of the moon could have occurred due to an impact between the moon and a smaller moon. A simulation shows that a relatively slow impact could have added material to the moon without forming a crater or melting rock.

The article discusses the discovery of water on the Moon. Scientists has not expected to see the water signatures and thought something was wrong with their instruments. Topics include efforts by the U.S. National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) to launch a comprehensive, up-close map of the Moon via the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) spacecraft and an overview of the results of NASA's Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment.

The article focuses on a study conducted by the World Health Organization's researcher Carle Pieters and colleagues regarding the moon. Images of the moon from the Apollo missions of the 1960s and '70s were studied by the researchers. The Ina structure of the moon was the focus of the study. The Ina structure has sharper topography and fewer craters.

The article offers information on the astronomical observation on the surface of the moon. Topics include an analysis of the moons position relative to its axis wherein it was revealed that the moon is tilted one and a half degrees, and notes the moon's polar mountains receive continuous sunlight. Moreover, locations on the moon's surface receiving continual sunlight exposure are also mentioned.

The article discusses the research done by scientists on the moon surface. It is stated that the scientists had thought that they would be able dispel all mysteries about the moon's composition but they have failed to achieve the target so far. According to geophysicists Edward Schreiber and Orson L. Anderson, the lunar material transmits sound at a perplexingly slower rate than ordinary terrestrial rocks. They had performed experiments to compare the sound-conducting properties of lunar rocks.

The article reports on the findings of scientists about lunar composition and other materials brought back from the moon by the crew of Apollo 11, the first spacecraft which landed successfully on the moon. As reported, it brought back brought back 481 Ibs. of lunar rocks and dust from the Sea of Tranquillity.142 scientists from the U.S., Canada, Japan, Australia and Western Europe have studied it and revealed intresting facts about the moon's origin and evolution. Using dating methods based on the decay of radioactive elements, scientists determined that the apparent age of the moon is about 1 billion years younger. They also claimed that catastrophic events occured on the moon about a billion years after its creation.

The article discusses a study on the high-energy oblique impacts that made the circular craters on the eastern limb of the Moon. Topics covered include the oval shape of Mare Crisium with lava plains that fill the basin from north to the south and a new interpretation of data from the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) of the National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA). Also mentioned are the wide crater of Proclus and the Geminus and Cleomedes elliptical rings.

The article discusses findings of the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (Lcross) mission. Buckets of water, and presence of other chemicals, have been detected. According to the author, although it is too early to say if these findings are indicative of the rest of the Moon, they suggest there may be a transport mechanism that opens new areas for study.

The article looks at studies by the planetary geologist Lars Borg and the planetary scientists Erik Asphaug and Martin Jutzi in the journal "Nature" on the age of the moon and the mountainous terrain of the far side of the moon. Borg found that surface rocks from the moon were younger than expected, indicating that the moon cooled slowly or was made of regional magma seas. Asphaug and Jutzi found that the thickness of the moon's crust could be caused by a slow collision with a smaller body.

The article discusses the results of a study published in the March 2012 issue of periodical "Icarus," by planetary scientist Sylvain Bouley and colleagues about how minimeteorites striking the moon's surface emit flashes from molten material. Topics include how lunar impacts occur frequently and how meteor showers can result in up to twenty objects impacting the moon in one evening.

The article focuses on the findings of studies of what must have hit the moon during its early history. Scientists have compiled a detailed topographical map of 5,185 lunar craters using the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) of the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Based on the LOLA data, larger objects had the tendency to hit the moon earlier in its history than did smaller objects. Also discussed is a study of lunar surface chemistry by Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment (DLRE).

The author offers his opinion on the characteristics of the moon. He offers information on the moon which presents only one side to the earth due to its orbital revolution and lack of connecting axial motion. He comments that he is puzzled as to why other lunar observers did not note the moon's surface exhibits lengthened ridges of ice. He adds that the lava streams others observed are ice that reflects light.