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SCHEROTHECA ALBINA MARCHÁN & DECAËNS SP. NOV. (FIGS 2 A, 3 G, H, 4) Table 3. Continued . 1214.31311.310.211.216.311.710.710.6 0 Zoobank registration: urn: lsid: zoobank. org:act: BDD2FFC5-C311-4CA5-B6C8-227910470E04. Type material: Holotype. France • adult; Occitanie, Hérault, le Soulié; latitude/longitude: 43.531 / 2.658; elevation: 853 masl; 06-May-2021;T.Decaëns, D.Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0572; deposited in the Musée national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. Paratypes: France • five adult specimens, one subadult specimen; same data as holotype (four specimens); BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0573, DFM-0574, DFM-0575, DFM-0576; Occitanie, Hérault, Saint-Etienne-d’Albagnan; latitude/longitude: 43,543/2,86; elevation: 250 m asl; 14-Apr-2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg. (two specimens); BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0025, DFM-0026; specimens DFM-0573, DFM-0575, DFM-0576 deposited in Eco&Sols collection, Montpellier; DFM-0025, DFM-0026, DFM-0574 deposited at Musée national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. Etymology: The species name is derived from the lack of cutaneous pigmentation which characterize it by opposition to the usually pigmented continental species of Scherotheca. Treated as adjectival. Diagnosis: Scherotheca albina can be distinguished from Sc. rhodana (Bouché, 1972) (the most similar species) by the position of the clitellum (XXVII–XLI vs. (1/2 XXVI) 1/2 XXVII–1/2 XLII (1/2 XLIII)) and tubercula pubertatis (XXXI–1/n XLI vs. 1/n XXXII– XLI), by its smaller body size and by the absence of cutaneous pigmentation (Table 2). COI uncorrected average pairwise distances and topology of multilocus molecular phylogenetic trees supports the status of Sc. albina as independent from other morphologically related species. Description External morphology: Body pigmentation absent or faint brown in the anterior part of the body (Fig. 2a). Beige with whitish clitellum in fixed specimens (Fig. 3g, h). Average length 15.15 cm (13.16–17.2 cm, N = 2 adults); average diameter 0.64/0.73/ 0.59 cm (preclitellar/clitellar/postclitellar); body subcylindrical in cross-section, ventrally flattened; average number of segments 249 (244–253, N = 2 adults). Average weight (fixed specimens), 4.88 g (4.37–5.39 g, N = 2 adults). Prostomium epilobous, closed. Longitudinal furrows in segments I and II. Nephridial pores ‘en solfège’ (irregularly distributed). Spermathecal pores at intersegmental furrows 9/10–12/13(13/14). Male pores in segment XV, surrounded by a moderately developed porophore. Female pores in segment XIV. Clitellum saddle-shaped in segments XXVII–XLI. Tubercula pubertatis in segments XXXI–1/n XLI. Setae closely paired. Internal anatomy: Septa 5/6–10/11 thickened and muscular. Lateral hearts in segments VI–XI. Calciferous glands in segments X– XIV, with diverticula in segment X. Crop in segments XV–XVI, gizzard in segments XVII–XIX. Typhlosole pinnate. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels (not enclosed in testes sacs, but with sperm present) located ventrally in segments X and XI. Four pairs of reniform seminal vesicles in segments IX, X, XI and XII, the first two pairs being smaller. Ovaries and female funnels in segment XIII, ovarian receptacles (ovisacs) in segment XIV. Four or five pairs of small globular spermathecae in segments IX, X, XI, XII (XIII) (intersegments 9/10– 12/13(13/14)), simple. Nephridial bladders U-shaped, reclinate in segment XXX. Distribution and ecology: Scherotheca albina was found in the vicinities of the Regional Park of Haut-Languedoc, Hérault, Occitanie (Fig. 4), in managed grasslands surrounded by forests.

SCHEROTHECA HAYMOZI (ZICSI, 1977) COMB.NOV. Allolobophora haymozi Zicsi, 1977. Aporrectodea haymozi Zicsi, 1977: in Zicsi and Csuzdi, 1999. Aporrectodea haymoziformis Zicsi and Csuzdi, 1999. Remarks: The original descriptions of Al. haymozi and Ap. haymoziformis differ slightly in the position of the clitellum (XXXIII–1/2 XL, XL vs. 1/2 XXXIII, XXXIII, XXXIV–XL, XLI), tubercula pubertatis (XXXV, XXXVI–XL vs. 1/2 XXXIV, XXXIV–XL, 1/2 XLI) and spermathecae (XII, XIII, XIV vs. XI, XII, XIII, XIV). However, the results of the molecular phylogenetic analysis and COI genetic distances clearly indicate that these morphological differences correspond to intraspecific variability between different populations, as specimens fitting both descriptions showed a small genetic divergence. These justify considering Ap. haymoziformis as a junior synonym of Al. haymozi. The phylogenetic position of the species further justifies its placement within the genus Scherotheca (Fig. 1)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Novo, Marta, Domínguez, Jorge, Silva, Alberto Da, Martínez, Alejandro, Gerard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, The best is yet to come: six new species within a largebodied earthworm genus (Scherotheca, Lumbricidae) in a densely sampled region (south-western France), pp. 802-820 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 198 (3) on page 816, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad002, http://zenodo.org/record/8147364

Lumbricidae Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1815 The Lumbricidae is the phylogenetically youngest family in the subclass of Oligochaeta. The family perhaps originated in the Palearctic but there is a well-supported clade native to Eastern North America. Overall, the Lumbricidae family comprises some 615 species and 74 subspecies belonging to 47 genera (Brown et al. 2023), although the lumbricid taxonomy is still controversial and not yet settled (Bouché 1972; Mršić 1991; Qiu & Bouché 1998; Csuzdi & Zicsi 2003; Domínguez et al. 2015; de Sosa et al. 2019; Marchán et al. 2022a; Marchán et al. 2022c). Around 33 cosmopolitan species of the family are widespread and often invasive in numerous regions (Blakemore 2009), such as North America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Southern South America, and even in equatorial countries at higher elevation (e.g., Zicsi 2007). In North America there are both native and non-native species and genera. The native genera are Bimastos and Eisenoides with 15 and two species, respectively. There are 11 genera of non-native invasive lumbricids in North America (Fragoso & Rojas 2014; Reynolds 2020, 2022), and 10 genera of invasives in South America (Fragoso & Brown 2007). In Europe, centers of diversity of lumbricids are situated in the Pyrenees and the Balkan Peninsula, as well as in the Carpathians and the Caucasus (Kvavadze 1985, 1999; Rota & de Jong 2015). The biodiversity of the Balkans is the largest in Europe (Griffiths et al. 2004), due to the complex geological history and the specific geographical position with several biogeographical regions, each characterized by specific ecological, climatic and geomorphological conditions, as well as a great variety of habitats (Trakić et al. 2016). For the last 2 million years, repeated glaciations have destroyed the biotas of much of northern and alpine Europe, and on the major mountain ranges such as the Carpathians, Caucasus, and Pyrenees. The present European earthworm fauna consists of the survivors in unglaciated, non-permafrosted areas, and their descendants who colonized the rest of the continent after the end of the last (W̧rm or Wisconsinan) glaciation. There is no way to know how many species were driven to local or global extinction. Repeated cycles could have contributed to inrefuge speciation by changing vegetation zonation. However, the pre-Pleistocene conditions were probably adequate to support earthworm populations throughout Europe and even into the Arctic, including the North American Arctic, as subtropical vegetation fossils from the Eocene occur on Ellesmere Island (Eberle & Greenwood 2012; Francis 1991). Today, most earthworm scientists agree that the original lumbricid fauna was significantly destroyed during the glacial period in much of Europe. Today's lumbricid fauna come from various elements, differing both in their historical age and in their origins. Namely, the present faunal elements are fragments of modified fauna from the Tertiary Period, that are thought to have originated in the Paleocene or Eocene. These are species that, due to their adaptability to specific conditions, have survived to this day. Such relic species are now present in the Balkans, the Pyrenees and the Apennine peninsula, the northwestern part of Africa (Maghreb), the southern part of France, Sardinia, Corsica, the southern parts of Switzerland and the Czech Republic, Turkey and the central parts of Asia (Omodeo 1952, 1956, 1961, 1988; Bouché 1972, 1983; Mısırlıoğlu 2017; Mršić & Šapkarev 1988; Mršić 1991; Marchán et al. 2020; Marchán et al. 2022b). In addition to relic species, there are also "modern" species that are thought to have appeared in the Miocene and later. A greater expansion of new "modern" species occurred during interglacial and postglacial periods, mainly in the Holocene (Mršić 1991). On the Balkan Peninsula there are 90 endemic species with the largest share in Dendrobaena (25) and Allolobophora (20) (Trakić et al. 2016; Popovic et al. 2022), while 39 have been discovered in the basin of the Carpathians, mostly Dacian endemics. Of these, 12 species are of the genus Octodrilus whose distribution center is located in the Apuseni Mountains in the southern part of the Carpathians (Csuzdi et al. 2011). Other genera appear to be endemic from southern France to the northern Iberian Peninsula. The most speciose is presently Scherotheca with 42 species/subspecies recognized to date, though many other species are still expected to be found (e.g., eight new species were recently described from Corsica; Marchán et al. 2023a). The ecologically important Lumbricidae have been explored using various tools by numerous researchers. Despite significant molecular research, there are still many species that do not have a stable taxonomic status, most of which relate to archaic species with unique taxonomic characteristics and disjunctive distributions (Marchán et al. 2022c). Answers to some of these questions are expected in the near future, and will certainly lead to a better understanding of many concerns regarding the origin and dynamics of the development of the Lumbricidae family as a whole., Published as part of Misirlioğlu, Mete, Reynolds, John Warren, Stojanović, Mirjana, Trakić, Tanja, Sekulić, Jovana, James, Samuel W., Csuzdi, Csaba, Decaëns, Thibaud, Lapied, Emmanuel, Phillips, Helen R. P., Cameron, Erin K. & Brown, George G., 2023, Earthworms (Clitellata, Megadrili) of the world: an updated checklist of valid species and families, with notes on their distribution, pp. 417-438 in Zootaxa 5255 (1) on page 425, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.33, http://zenodo.org/record/7745110, {"references":["Brown, G. G., James, S. W., Csuzdi, C., Lapied, E., Decaens, T., Reynolds, J. W., Misirlioglu, M., Stovanic, M., Trakic, T., Sekulic, J., Phillips, H. & Cameron, E. (2023) A checklist of megadrile earthworm (Annelida: Clitellata) species and subspecies of the world. Available from: Zenodo. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 7301848","Bouche, M. B. (1972) Lombriciens de France. Ecologie et Systematique. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Articles de Zoologie-Ecologie animale (Numero hors-serie). pp. 67.","Mrsic, N. (1991) Monograph on earthworms (Lumbricidae) of the Balkans I, II. Slovenska Akademija Znanosti in Umetnosti, Razred za Naravoslovne Vede, Opera, Ljubljana, 31, 1 - 757.","Bouche, M. B. & Qiu, J. - P. (1998) Un nouveau Sparganophilus (Annelida: Oligochaeta) d'Europe, avec considerations paleogeographiques sur les Lumbricina. Documents Pedozoologiques et Integrologiques, 4, 178 - 180.","Csuzdi, Cs. & Zicsi, A. (2003) Earthworms of Hungary (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, 271 pp.","Dominguez, J., Aira, M., Breinholt, J. W., Stojanovic, M., James, S. W. & Perez-Losada, M. (2015) Underground evolution: New roots for the old tree of lumbricid earthworms. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 83, 7 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2014.10.024","de Sosa, I., Cosin, D. J. D., Csuzdi, Cs., Paoletti, M. G. & Marchan, D. F. (2019) Placing Eophila tellinii (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) in a molecular phylogenetic context advances the century-old controversy around the problematic genus. European Journal of Soil Biology, 94, 103 - 114. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ejsobi. 2019.103114","Marchan, D. F., Decaens, T., Dominguez, J. & Novo, M. (2022 a) Perspectives in earthworm molecular phylogeny: recent advances in Lumbricoidea and standing questions. Diversity, 14, 30. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 14010030","Marchan, D. F., James, S. W., Lemmon, A. R.,. Lemmon, E. M.,. Novo, M.,. Dominguez, J., Diaz Cosin, D. & Trigo, D. (2022 c) A strong backbone for an invertebrate group: anchored phylogenomics improves the resolution of genus-level relationships within the Lumbricidae (Annelida, Crassiclitellata). Organisms Diversity & Evolution, 22, 915 - 924. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13127 - 022 - 00570 - y","Blakemore, R. J. (2009) Cosmopolitan earthworms - a global and historical perspective. In: Shain, D. H. (Ed.), Annelids as Model Systems in the Biological Sciences. John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 257 - 283. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / 9780470455203. ch 14","Fragoso, C. & Rojas, P. (2014) Biodiversidad de lombrices de tierra (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Crassiclitellata) en Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, Suplemento 85, S 197 - S 207. https: // doi. org / 10.7550 / rmb. 33581","Reynolds, J. W. (2020) Earthworms in American ecoregions. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, Mauritius. 433 pp.","Fragoso, C. & Brown, G. G. (2007) Ecologia y taxonomia de las lombrices de tierra en latinoamerica: El Primer Encuentro Latino- Americano de Ecologia y Taxonomia de Oligoquetos (ELAETAO 1). In: Brown, G. G. & Fragoso, C. (Eds.), Minhocas na America Latina: Biodiversidade e ecologia. Embrapa Soja, Londrina, pp. 33 - 75.","Kvavadze, E. Sh. (1985) The earthworms (Lumbricidae) of the Caucasus. Metsniereba, Tbilisi, 238 pp. [In Russian, English summary]","Kvavadze, E. Sh. (1999) Caucasian earthworms (Lumbricidae) (Systematics, Faunistic, Zoogeography, Ecology, Phylogeny). Dr. Sci. Dissertation, Institute of Zoology, Georgian Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi, 313 pp. [In Georgian]","Rota, E. &. de Jong, Y. (2015) Fauna Europaea: Annelida - Terrestrial Oligochaeta (Enchytraeidae and Megadrili), Aphanoneura and Polychaeta. Biodiversity Data Journal, 3, 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / BDJ. 3. e 5737","Griffiths, G. H. I., Krystufek, B. & Reed, M. (2004) Balkan Biodiversity. Patterns and processes in the European Hotspot. Kluwer, Boston / London, 357 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4020 - 2854 - 0","Trakic, T., Valchovski, H. & Stojanovic, M. (2016) Endemic earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) of the Balkan Peninsula: a review. Zootaxa, 4189, 251 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4189.2.3","Eberle, J. J. & Greenwood, D. R. (2012) Life at the top of the greenhouse Eocene World - A review of the Eocene flora and vertebrate fauna from Canada's high Arctic. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 124, 3 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / B 30571.1","Francis, J. E. (1991) The dynamics of polar fossil forests: Tertiary fossil forests of Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin, 403, 29 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.4095 / 131946","Omodeo, P. (1952) Particolarita della Zoogeografia dei lombrichi. Bolletino di Zoologia, 19, 349 - 369. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250005209439182","Omodeo, P. (1956) Contributo alla revisione dei Lumbricidae. Archivio Zoologico Italiano, 41, 129 - 212.","Omodeo, P. (1961) Le peuplement des Iles Mediterranees et le probleme de l'insularite. Colloques Internationaux du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 94, 128 - 133.","Omodeo, P. (1988) The genus Eophila (Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta). Bolletino di Zoologia, 55, 73 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250008809386603","Bouche, M. B. (1983) The establishment of earthworm communities. In: Satchell, J. E. (Ed.), Earthworm ecology from Darwin to vermiculture. Chapman & Hall, London, U. K., pp. 431 - 448. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 009 - 5965 - 1 _ 38","Misirlioglu, M. (2017) Topraksolucanlari, Biyolojileri, Ekolojileri, Zirai Yonleri, Turkiye Turleri ve Turlerin Taksonomik Ozellikleri. 2 nd Edition. Nobel Yayinlari, Ankara, 168 pp.","Mrsic, N. & Sapkarev, J. (1988) Revision of the genus Allolobophora Eisen, 1874 (sensu Pop 1941) (Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta). Acta Musei Macedonici Scientiarum Naturalium, 19, 1 - 38.","Marchan, D. F., Decaens, T., Diaz Cosin, D. J., Hedde, M., Lapied, E. & Dominguez, J. (2020) French Mediterranean islands as a refuge of relic earthworm species: Cataladrilus porquerollensis sp. nov. and Scherotheca portcrosana sp. nov. (Crassiclitellata, Lumbricidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 701, 1 - 22.","Marchan D. F., Gerard S., Hedde M., Rougerie R. & Decaens T. (2022 b) An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France. Zoosystema, 44 (17), 439 - 461. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / zoosystema 2022 v 44 a 17","Popovic, F. J., Stojanovic, M. M., Dominguez, J., Sekulic, J. M., Trakic, T. B. & Marchan, D. F. (2022) Molecular analysis of five controversial Balkanic species of Allolobophora (sensu lato) Eisen, 1873 (Lumbricidae, Clitellata) with emendation of the genus Cernosvitovia. Omodeo, 1956. Zootaxa, 5116 (3), 351 - 372. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5116.3.3","Csuzdi, Cs., Pop, V. V. & Pop, A. A. (2011) The earthworm fauna of the Carpathian Basin with new records and description of three new species (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 250, 2 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2010.10.001","Marchan, D. F., Dominguez, J., Hedde, M. & Decaens, T. (2023 a) The cradle of giants: insight into the origin of Scherotheca (Lumbricidae, Crassiclitellata) with description of eight new species from Corsica, France. Zoosystema, submitted."]}

Scherotheca marceli Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. (Fig. 3B) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 65734D0A-192D-4C03-9F9F-DCFE59FE6C64 TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Corsica • Adult; Haute-Corse, Santo-Pietro-di-Tenda, Camping La Canardière; 42°38’56”N, 9°14’9”E; 304 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0337; MNHN. Paratypes. Corsica • 1 adult specimen; Haute-Corse, Santo-Pietrodi-Tenda, Camping La Canardière; 42°38’56”N, 9°14’9”E; 304 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0338; Eco&Sols. ETYMOLOGY. — This species is named in honour of the well-known taxonomist Marcel Bouché, in recognition of his major contribution to the knowledge of the genus Scherotheca and in appreciation of his positive and always constructive comments on the research of the authors of this paper. DIAGNOSIS. — Scherotheca marceli Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. can be distinguished from non-Corsican species of Scherotheca by the shorter and more anterior clitellum. It resembles Scherotheca darioi Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp., Sc. portonana and Sc. portcrosana, but differs from them by the smaller average length, number of segments and weight, the position of genital papillae and a lighter pigmentation (Tables 1; 2; Figs 2; 3B). COI uncorrected average pairwise distances and topology of multilocus molecular phylogenetic trees support the status of Scherotheca marceli Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. as independent from other morphologically similar species. DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — Scherotheca marceli Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. was found in a single locality in Santo-Pietro-di-Tenda, Haute Corse (Fig. 4A), in a Mediterranean chaparral at low elevation (304 m). DESCRIPTION External morphology Body pigmentation faint brown. White-beige with brownish colour in the cephalic region in fixed specimens (Fig. 3B). Average length, 56 mm (50-62 mm, n = 2 adults); body cylindrical in cross-section; average number of segments 150 (127-172, n = 2 adults; 172 segments in the holotype). Average weight (fixed specimens), 0.65 g (0.61-0.68 g, n = 2 adults). Prostomium epilobous, closed. Longitudinal furrows in segments 1 and 2. First dorsal pore not seen. Nephridial pores “en solfège” (irregularly distributed). Spermathecal pores in intersegmental furrows 12/13 and 13/ 14 in setal line c. Male pores in segment 15, surrounded by a well-developed porophore. Female pores in segment 14. Clitellum saddleshaped in segments 26-35. Tubercula pubertatis in segments (29)30-33. Chaetae small and closely paired. Genital papillae in segments 10-16, 17, 26-28, (35) 36. Internal anatomy Septa 5/6-10/11 thickened and muscular. Hearts in segments 6-11, oesophageal.Calciferous glands in segments 10-14, with diverticula in segment 10. Crop in segments 15-16, gizzard in segments 17-19. Typhlosole pinnate. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels (not enclosed in testes sacs, but with sperm present) located ventrally in segments 10 and 11. Four pairs of reniform seminal vesicles in segments 9, 10, 11 and 12, with the latter two pairs being larger. Ovaries and female funnels in segment 13, ovarian receptacles (ovisacs) in segment 14. Two pairs of small globular spermathecae in segments 12 and 13 (intersegments 12/13, 13/14). Nephridial bladders U-shaped, reclinate in segment 30. REMARK This species corresponds to Sc. portonana L 1 in the checklist of Corsican earthworms of Marchán et al. (2022a)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Domínguez, Jorge, Hedde, Mickaël & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, The cradle of giants: insights into the origin of Scherotheca Bouché, 1972 (Lumbricidae, Crassiclitellata) with the descriptions of eight new species from Corsica, France, pp. 107-128 in Zoosystema 45 (3) on page 114, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a3, http://zenodo.org/record/7681295, {"references":["MARCHAN D. F., GERARD S., HEDDE M., ROUGERIE R. & DECAENS T. 2022 a. - An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France. Zoosystema 44 (17): 439 - 461. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / zoosystema 2022 v 44 a 17. http: // zoosystema. com / 44 / 17"]}

Scherotheca litoralis Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. (Fig. 3F) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B9F4D51C-0A1A-49E9-B7C7-C9275C9E9B01 TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Corsica • Adult; Haute-Corse, Ghisonaccia, Marais de Cattolica; 42°1’15”N, 9°28’12”E; 8 m a.s.l.; 2.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0425; MNHN. Paratypes. Corsica • 2 adult specimens; Haute-Corse, Ghisonaccia, Marais de Cattolica; 42°1’15”N, 9°28’12”E; 8 m a.s.l.; 2.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco&Sols; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0424, DFM-0426 • 2 adult specimens; same data as for preceding; MNHN; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0427, DFM-0428). ETYMOLOGY. — The species name is derived from the habitat in which it was found, a littoral pine forest located immediately behind the dune line in the Marais de Cattolica. DIAGNOSIS. — Scherotheca litoralis Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. can be distinguished from non-Corsican species of Scherotheca by the shorter and more anterior clitellum. It resembles Sc. qiui Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. and Sch.mausoleana Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. It can be distinguished from Sc. qiui n.sp. by the presence of pigmentation, the number of seminal vesicles (4 pairs instead of 2 pairs) and by the longer tubercula pubertatis (30-34(35) instead of 30-33(1/n 34)), and from Sc. mausoleana Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. by the position of genital papillae and the shorter clitellum (27-36 instead of (26)27-36(37)). The specimens also presented a more developed male porophore than found in both closely related species (Tables 1; 2; Figs 2; 3f). COI uncorrected average pairwise distances and topology of multilocus molecular phylogenetic trees supports the status of Sc. litoralis Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. as independent from other morphologically similar species. DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — Scherotheca litoralis Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. was found in a single locality in Ghisonaccia, Haute-Corse (Fig. 4A), in a pine forest on sandy soil, at almost sea level (8 m a.s.l) and close to the sea (200 m). DESCRIPTION External morphology Body pigmentation brown. Beige with dorso-ventral and anteroposterior brownish gradients and white-beige clitellum in fixed specimens (Fig. 3F). Average length, 71 mm (n = 1 adult); body cylindrical in cross-section; average number of segments, 160 (n = 2 adult). Average weight (fixed specimens), 0.82 g (n = 1 adult). Prostomium epilobous, closed. Longitudinal furrows in segments 1 and 2. First dorsal pore in intersegmental furrow 9/10. Nephridial pores “en solfège” (irregularly distributed). Spermathecal pores in intersegmental furrows 12/13 and 13/ 14 in setal line c. Male pores in segment 15, surrounded by a greatly developed porophore. Female pores in segment 14. Clitellum saddle-shaped in segments 27-36. Tubercula pubertatis in segments 30-34(35). Chaetae small and closely paired. Genital papillae in segments 10-16,17,27-29(30),35,36. Internal anatomy Septa 5/6-10/11 thickened and muscular. Hearts in segments 6-11, oesophageal. Calciferous glands in segments 10-14, with diverticula in segment 10. Crop in segments 15-16, gizzard in segments 17-19. Typhlosole pinnate. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels (not enclosed in testes sacs, but with sperm present) located ventrally in segments 10 and 11. Four pairs of reniform seminal vesicles in segments 9, 10, 11 and 12, with the latter two pairs being larger. Ovaries and female funnels in segment 13, ovarian receptacles (ovisacs) in segment 14. Two pairs of small globular spermathecae in segments 12 and 13 (intersegments 12/13, 13/14). Nephridial bladders U-shaped, reclinate in segment 30. REMARK This species corresponds to Sc. corsicana L 3 in the checklist of Corsican earthworms of Marchán et al. (2022a)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Domínguez, Jorge, Hedde, Mickaël & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, The cradle of giants: insights into the origin of Scherotheca Bouché, 1972 (Lumbricidae, Crassiclitellata) with the descriptions of eight new species from Corsica, France, pp. 107-128 in Zoosystema 45 (3) on pages 117-118, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a3, http://zenodo.org/record/7681295, {"references":["MARCHAN D. F., GERARD S., HEDDE M., ROUGERIE R. & DECAENS T. 2022 a. - An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France. Zoosystema 44 (17): 439 - 461. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / zoosystema 2022 v 44 a 17. http: // zoosystema. com / 44 / 17"]}

Scherotheca boccaverghju Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. (Fig. 3D) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5A5 CAD 1F-B242-418D-856E-3646F3D64BD7 TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Corsica • Adult; Haute-Corse, Albertacce, Col de Vergio; 42°17’27”N, 8°52’44”E; 1450 m a.s.l.; 28.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0054; MNHN. Paratypes. Corsica • 1 adult specimen; Haute-Corse, Albertacce, Col de Vergio; 42°17’27”N, 8°52’44”E; 1450 m a.s.l.; 28.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0053; Eco&Sols • 1 juvenile specimen; same data as for preceding; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0057; MNHN. ETYMOLOGY. — The species name is derived from the Corse name of the type locality (Bocca à Verghju, Col de Vergio). Name in apposition. DIAGNOSIS. — Scherotheca boccaverghju Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. can be distinguished from all the other species of Scherotheca by the combination of position of the clitellum in segments 27-36, tubercula pubertatis in segments 31-34(½ 35) and multiple spermathecae in segments 12 and 13 (Table 1; 2; Figs 2; 3D). COI uncorrected average pairwise distances and topology of multilocus molecular phylogenetic trees support the status of Scherotheca boccaverghju Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. as independent from other morphologically similar species. DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — Sc. boccaverghju Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. was found in Col de Vergio, Albertacce (Fig. 4A), in an alpine grassland at a relatively high elevation (1450 m). DESCRIPTION External morphology Body pigmentation faint brown. White-beige with dorsal brownish mid-segment brown bands in fixed specimens (Fig.3D). Average length, 109 mm (93-125 mm, n = 2 adults); body cylindrical in cross-section; average number of segments, 189 (187-191, n = 2 adults; 187 segments in the holotype). Average weight (fixed specimens), 1.66 g (1.34-1.99 g, n = 2 adults). Prostomium epilobous, closed. Longitudinal furrows in segments 1 and 2. First dorsal pore in unknown intersegmental furrow. Nephridial pores “en solfège” (irregularly distributed). Spermathecal pores in intersegmental furrows 12/13 and 13/ 14 in setal line c, multiple. Male pores in segment 15, surrounded by a well-developed porophore. Female pores in segment 14. Clitellum saddle-shaped in segments 27-36. Tubercula pubertatis in segments 31-34(½ 35). Chaetae small and closely paired. Genital papillae in segments 28,30,35,36. Internal anatomy Septa 5/6-10/11 thickened and muscular. Hearts in segments 6-11, oesophageal. Calciferous glands in segments 10-14, with diverticula in segment 10. Crop in segments 15-16, gizzard in segments 17-19. Typhlosole pinnate.Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels (not enclosed in testes sacs, but with sperm present) located ventrally in segments 10 and 11. Four pairs of reniform seminal vesicles in segments 9, 10, 11 and 12, with the latter two pairs being significantly larger. Ovaries and female funnels in segment 13, ovarian receptacles (ovisacs) in segment 14. Multiple small globular spermathecae in segments 12 and 13 (intersegments 12/13, 13/14). Nephridial bladders U-shaped, reclinate in segment 30. REMARK This species corresponds to Sc. corsicana L 1 in the checklist of Corsican earthworms of Marchán et al. (2022a)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Domínguez, Jorge, Hedde, Mickaël & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, The cradle of giants: insights into the origin of Scherotheca Bouché, 1972 (Lumbricidae, Crassiclitellata) with the descriptions of eight new species from Corsica, France, pp. 107-128 in Zoosystema 45 (3) on page 116, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a3, http://zenodo.org/record/7681295, {"references":["MARCHAN D. F., GERARD S., HEDDE M., ROUGERIE R. & DECAENS T. 2022 a. - An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France. Zoosystema 44 (17): 439 - 461. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / zoosystema 2022 v 44 a 17. http: // zoosystema. com / 44 / 17"]}

Scherotheca qiui Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. (Fig. 3E) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 78F07B1F-8F87-4BC8-A454-5E7E3096EC24 TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Corsica • Adult; Corse du Sud, Zonza; 41°44’34”N, 9°11’42”E; 785 m a.s.l.; 4.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0235; MNHN. Paratypes. Corsica • 1 juvenile specimen; Corse du Sud, Olivese (D69 road); 41°50’13”N, 9°5’45”E; 1178 m a.s.l.; 6.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0273; MNHN • 2 adult specimens; Corse du Sud, Zicavo, Ponte di Valpine; 41°52’33”N, 9°7’58”E; 1248 m a.s.l.; 3.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0441, DFM-0442; MNHN • 3 adult specimens; Corse du Sud, Zonza; 41°44’34”N, 9°11’42”E; 785 m a.s.l.; 4.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0230, DFM-0232, DFM-0233; Eco&Sols • 4 adult specimens, 1 juvenile specimen; same data as for preceding; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0234, DFM-0236, DFM-0237, DFM-0238, DFM-0248; MNHN • 4 adult specimens, 7 juvenile specimens; Corse du Sud, Zonza, Pacciunituli (D368 road); 41°43’26”N, 9°12’10”E; 940 m a.s.l.; 4.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0159, DFM-0160, DFM-0161, DFM-0162, DFM-0163, DFM-0164, DFM-0165, DFM-0166, DFM-0167, DFM-0168, DFM-0169; MNHN • 2 adult specimens; Corse du Sud, Zonza, Pacciunituli (D67 road); 41°44’9”N, 9°10’51”E; 813 m a.s.l.; 03.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0434, DFM-0435; MNHN • 5 adult specimens; Corse du Sud, Zonza, Samulaghia; 41°45’43”N, 9°13’8”E; 975 m a.s.l.; 4.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0483, DFM-0484, DFM-0485, DFM-0486, DFM-0487); MNHN. ETYMOLOGY. — This species is named after Prof. Jianping Qiu, in recognition to its significant contribution to the taxonomic knowledge of the genus Scherotheca. DIAGNOSIS. — Scherotheca qiui Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. can be distinguished from non-Corsican species of Scherotheca by the shorter and more anterior clitellum. It resembles Scherotheca litoralis Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. and Scherotheca mausoleana Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp., from which it differs by the absence of pigmentation, the number of seminal vesicles (2 pairs instead of 4 pairs in its close relatives) and by the shorter tubercula pubertatis (30-33(1 / n 34) instead of 30-34(35) (Table 1; 2; Figs 2; 3E). COI uncorrected average pairwise distances and topology of multilocus molecular phylogenetic trees support the status of Sch. qiui Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. as separate from other morphologically similar species. DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — Scherotheca qiui Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. was found in several localities in the region of Zonza and Zicavo, Corse du Sud (Figure 4a), mainly in Pinus laricio forests at moderate elevations (785 to 1248 m), with some individuals found in Fagus sylvatica forests and shrublands. DESCRIPTION External morphology Body unpigmented.White-beige in fixed specimens (Fig. 3E). Average length, 74 mm (64-89 mm, n = 13 adults); body cylindrical in cross-section; average number of segments, 138 (119-152, n = 11 adults; 142 segments in the holotype). Average weight (fixed specimens), 0.92 g (0.60-1.4 g, n = 2 adults). Prostomium epilobous, closed. Longitudinal furrows in segments 1 and 2. First dorsal pore in intersegmental furrow (9/10)10/11. Nephridial pores “en solfège” (irregularly distributed). Spermathecal pores at intersegmental furrows 12/13 and 13/ 14 in setal line c. Male pores in segment 15, surrounded by a well-developed porophore. Female pores in segment 14. Clitellum saddle-shaped in segments (26)27- 35(36). Tubercula pubertatis in segments 30-33(1/ n 34). Chaetae small and closely paired. Genital papillae in segments 11-14,16, (26)27, 28, (29)34, 35, 36. Internal anatomy Septa 5/6-10/11 thickened and muscular. Hearts in segments 6-11, oesophageal.Calciferous glands in segments 10-14, with diverticula in segment 10. Crop in segments 15-16, gizzard in segments 17-19. Typhlosole pinnate. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels (not enclosed in testes sacs, but with sperm present) located ventrally in segments 10 and 11. Two pairs of reniform seminal vesicles in segments 11 and 12, sometimes with one or two pairs of vestigial seminal vesicles in segments 9 and 10. Ovaries and female funnels in segment 13, ovarian receptacles (ovisacs) in segment 14. Two pairs of small globular spermathecae in segments 12 and 13 (intersegments 12/13, 13/14). Nephridial bladders U-shaped, reclinate in segment 30. REMARKS This species corresponds to Sc. corsicana L 2 in the checklist of Corsican earthworms of Marchán et al. (2022a). Scherotheca quiui n. sp. displayed a level of intraspecific genetic divergence which was slightly above the expected threshold (around 9%), which could indicate the existence of cryptic genetic linages., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Domínguez, Jorge, Hedde, Mickaël & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, The cradle of giants: insights into the origin of Scherotheca Bouché, 1972 (Lumbricidae, Crassiclitellata) with the descriptions of eight new species from Corsica, France, pp. 107-128 in Zoosystema 45 (3) on page 117, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a3, http://zenodo.org/record/7681295, {"references":["MARCHAN D. F., GERARD S., HEDDE M., ROUGERIE R. & DECAENS T. 2022 a. - An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France. Zoosystema 44 (17): 439 - 461. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / zoosystema 2022 v 44 a 17. http: // zoosystema. com / 44 / 17"]}

Genus Scherotheca Bouché, 1972 Scherotheca Bouché, 1972: 279. TYPE SPECIES. — Lumbricus gigas Dùges, 1828. DIAGNOSIS. — Lumbricidae of medium to giant size, post-clitellar trapezoidal section. Pigmentation ranging from absent to dark brown. Prostomium epilobous, closed. Longitudinal furrows in the peristomium. Nephridial pores “en solfège” (irregularly distributed). Spermathecal pores in at least two intersegments, between 9/10 and 13/14, or 12/13 and 18/19, sometimes multiple. Anterior septa strongly thickened. Male pores in ½ 15, usually with porophores. Gizzard in 17-20 (21, 22). Typhlosole pinnate. Two or four pairs of seminal vesicles in (9, 10) 11, 12. DISTRIBUTION. — The genus Scherotheca is known (from the eastern to the western limits of its range) from Northeastern Italy, Tuscan Archipelago, Corsica Island, Mediterranean continental France and Spanish Catalonia, Southwestern France and part of the Spanish Cantabrian mountains., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Domínguez, Jorge, Hedde, Mickaël & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, The cradle of giants: insights into the origin of Scherotheca Bouché, 1972 (Lumbricidae, Crassiclitellata) with the descriptions of eight new species from Corsica, France, pp. 107-128 in Zoosystema 45 (3) on pages 110-111, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a3, http://zenodo.org/record/7681295, {"references":["BOUCHE M. B. 1972. - Lombriciens de France: ecologie et systematique (Vol. 72, No. 2). Paris: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique."]}

Scherotheca emiliae (Qiu & Bouché, 1998), n. comb. Eumenescolex emiliae Qiu & Bouché, 1998: 5. REMARKS Based on its position in the molecular phylogenetic trees and on its morphology, Eumenescolex emiliae Qiu & Bouché, 1998 is clearly nested within a clade of Corsican Scherotheca with two pairs of seminal vesicles (Sc. altarocca Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n.sp. and Sc.qiui Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp.). We consequently propose to transfer this species into the genus Schecotheca under the new combination Scherotheca emiliae n. comb. Other species currently assigned to Eumenescolex (i.e., Eumenescolex pereli (Bouché, 1972), Eumenescolex heideti Qiu & Bouché, 1998, Eumenescolex gabriellae Qiu & Bouché, 1998, Eumenescolex simplex (Zicsi, 1981) and Eumenescolex zoltani Szederjesi, Pavlíček & Csuzdi 2021) should be included in molecular phylogenetic analyses before a full synonymy of Eumenescolex and Scherotheca can be proposed., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Domínguez, Jorge, Hedde, Mickaël & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, The cradle of giants: insights into the origin of Scherotheca Bouché, 1972 (Lumbricidae, Crassiclitellata) with the descriptions of eight new species from Corsica, France, pp. 107-128 in Zoosystema 45 (3) on page 120, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a3, http://zenodo.org/record/7681295, {"references":["BOUCHE M. B. 1972. - Lombriciens de France: ecologie et systematique (Vol. 72, No. 2). Paris: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique.","SZEDERJESI T., PAVLICEK T. & CSUZDI C. 2021. - Earthworms from the French Pyrenees, with description of a new Scherotheca (Opothedrilus) species (Clitellata: Megadrili: Lumbricidae). Acta zoologica bulgarica 73 (1): 13 - 20."]}

Scherotheca darioi Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. (Fig. 3C) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ACEE54C6-DECC-47DC-B0E1-013B83518F75 TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Corsica • Adult; Haute-Corse, Murato, Cagnanozza; 42°33’39”N, 9°18’14”E; 715 m a.s.l.; 1.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0393; MNHN. Paratypes. Corsica • 2 adult specimens; Haute-Corse, Murato; 42°34’12”N, 9°18’21”E; 536 m a.s.l.; 1.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0401, DFM-0402; MNHN • 4 adult specimens; Haute-Corse, Murato, Cagnanozza; latitude/longitude, 42°33’39”N, 9°18’14”E; elevation, 715 m a.s.l.; 1.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0391, DFM-0392, DFM-0393, DFM-0394, DFM-0395; MNHN • 1 adult specimen, 1 juvenile specimen; Haute-Corse, Volpajola; 42°30’54”N, 9°20’52”E; elevation, 313 m a.s.l.; 1.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0143, DFM-0150; MNHN • 2 adult specimens; same data as for preceding; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0148, DFM-0149; Eco&Sols. ETYMOLOGY. — This species is named in honour of Prof. Darío J. Díaz Cosín, renowned earthworm taxonomist and mentor of several earthworm researchers including the first author of this paper. DIAGNOSIS. — Scherotheca darioi Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. can be distinguished from non-Corsican species of Scherotheca by the shorter and more anterior clitellum. It resembles Sc. marceli Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp., Sc. portonana and Sc. portcrosana, but differs from Sc. marceli Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. in the average length, number of segments, weight and position of the genital papillae; it also differs from Sc. portonana and Sc. portcrosana by the smaller average length, number of segments and weight, the position of genital papillae, and a lighter pigmentation (Tables 1; 2; Figs 2; 3C). COI uncorrected average pairwise distances and topology of multilocus molecular phylogenetic trees support the status of Scherotheca darioi Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. as an independent species from other morphologically similar species. DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — Scherotheca darioi Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. was found in the regions of Murato and Volpajola, Haute Corse (Fig. 4A), in Mediterranean chaparral, Quercus suber open wood and ripicolous grasslands, indicating a remarkable ecological plasticity. DESCRIPTION External morphology Body pigmentation faint brown. Beige with white-beige clitellum in fixed specimens (Fig. 3C). Average length 75 mm (65-85 mm, n = 6 adults); body cylindrical in cross-section; average number of segments 169 (159-178, n = 5 adults; 168 segments in the holotype). Average weight (fixed specimens), 1 g (0.76-1.25 g, n = 6 adults). Prostomium epilobous, closed. Longitudinal furrows in segments 1 and 2. First dorsal pore in intersegmental furrow 9/10. Nephridial pores “en solfège” (irregularly distributed). Spermathecal pores in intersegmental furrows 12/13 and 13/ 14 in setal line c. Male pores in segment 15, surrounded by a well-developed porophore. Female pores in segment 14. Clitellum saddle-shaped in segments 26-35. Tubercula pubertatis in segments 29-33. Chaetae small and closely paired. Genital papillae in segments 10-(14)16,27,28,34,35(36). Internal anatomy Septa 5/6-10/11 thickened and muscular. Hearts in segments 6-11, oesophageal. Calciferous glands in segments 10-14, with diverticula in segment 10. Crop in segments 15-16, gizzard in segments 17-19. Typhlosole pinnate. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels (not enclosed in testes sacs, but with sperm present) located ventrally in segments 10 and 11. Four pairs of reniform seminal vesicles in segments 9, 10, 11 and 12, with the latter two pairs being larger. Ovaries and female funnels in segment 13, ovarian receptacles (ovisacs) in segment 14. Two pairs of small globular spermathecae in segments 12 and 13 (intersegments 12/13, 13/14). Nephridial bladders U-shaped, reclinate in segment 30. REMARK This species corresponds to Sc. portonana L 2 in the checklist of Corsican earthworms of Marchán et al. (2022a)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Domínguez, Jorge, Hedde, Mickaël & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, The cradle of giants: insights into the origin of Scherotheca Bouché, 1972 (Lumbricidae, Crassiclitellata) with the descriptions of eight new species from Corsica, France, pp. 107-128 in Zoosystema 45 (3) on pages 114-116, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a3, http://zenodo.org/record/7681295, {"references":["BOUCHE M. B. 1972. - Lombriciens de France: ecologie et systematique (Vol. 72, No. 2). Paris: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique.","MARCHAN D. F., GERARD S., HEDDE M., ROUGERIE R. & DECAENS T. 2022 a. - An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France. Zoosystema 44 (17): 439 - 461. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / zoosystema 2022 v 44 a 17. http: // zoosystema. com / 44 / 17"]}

Copyright BOLD © 2014-2022; International audience; Scherotheca Bouché, 1972 is a highly diverse genus of Lumbricidae Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1815, broadly distributed from Northern Italy and Corsica Island to the Pyrenees and Northeastern Iberian Peninsula. A recent survey of earthworm species diversity in Corsica resulted in the identification of 12 operational taxonomic units (OTU) within Scherotheca and the closely related genus Eumenescolex Qiu & Bouché, 1998, based on both morphological characters and COI barcodes. In this work, we complete molecular analyses to provide a dataset including four DNA markers (COI, 16S, 28S and ND1) and analyze it through Bayesian phylogeny reconstruction and barcode gap analysis. Our results highlight the existence of eight phylogenetically and morphologically distinct species, new for science, which we described herein as Scherotheca altarocca Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp., Scherotheca marceli Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp., Scherotheca darioi Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp., Scherotheca boccaverghju Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp., Scherotheca qiui Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp., Scherotheca litoralis Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp., Scherotheca capcorsana Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. and Scherotheca mausoleana Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. The diversity of the genus in Corsica has thus increased from four to 12 species. In addition, Eumenescolex emiliae Qiu & Bouché, 1998 appears phylogenetically nested within the Corsican Scherotheca, justifying amendment of the name to Scherotheca emiliae (Qiu & Bouché, 1998) n. comb. leading to 13 Corsican species in the genus. We further discuss diversity patterns, phylogenetic relationships and biogeographical history of the genus in the Corsica Island.

Scherotheca altarocca Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. (Fig. 3A) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 89EFE242-73AF-435E-86C8-67B17B93D253 TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Corsica • Adult; Corse du Sud, Zicavo, Castellu d’Ornucciu; 41°52’22”N, 9°9’17”E; 1422 m a.s.l.; 3.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0446; MNHN. Paratypes. Corsica • 3 adult specimens; Corse du Sud, Olivese (D26 road); 41°50’45”N, 9°4’55”E; 1051 m a.s.l.; 6.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0512, DFM-0513, DFM-0514; MNHN • 3 adult specimens; Corse du Sud, Olivese (D69 road); 41°50’13”N, 9°5’45”E; 1178 m a.s.l.; 6.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco&Sols; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0266, DFM-0267, DFM-0268) • 2 adult specimens, 12 juvenile; same data as for preceding; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0269, DFM-0270, DFM-0271, DFM-0272, DFM-0274, DFM-0275, DFM-0276, DFM-0277, DFM-0278, DFM-0279, DFM-0280, DFM-0281, DFM-0282, DFM-0283; MNHN • 6 adult specimens; Corse du Sud, Zicavo, Castellu d’Ornucciu; 41°52’22”N, 9°9’17”E; 1422 m a.s.l.; 3.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0447, DFM-0448, DFM-0449, DFM-0450, DFM-0451, DFM-0452; MNHN • 3 adult specimens; Corse du Sud, Zicavo, Ponte di Valpine; 41°52’33”N, 9°7’58”E; 1248 m a.s.l.; 03.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID:, DFM-0443, DFM-0444, DFM-0445; MNHN. ETYMOLOGY. — The species name is derived from the natural region of Altarocca where the type specimens have been collected (name in apposition). DIAGNOSIS. — Scherotheca altarocca Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. can be distinguished from all of the other species of Scherotheca (except Sc. corsicana popi Qiu & Bouché, 1998) by the position of the clitellum in segments (29)30-36(37) and tubercula pubertatis in segments (½ 32)33-36(37) (Tables 1; 2; Figs 2; 3A). Although Sc. altarocca Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. resembles Scherotheca corsicana popi Qiu & Bouché, 1998 in characters such as the clitellum and tubercula pubertatis, it does not exactly fit the description made by Qiu & Bouché (1998a), differing significantly in internal characters such as position of spermathecae and number of seminal vesicles (spermathecae in (11)12, 13 vs 13, 14 and 2 pairs of seminal vesicles in Sc. altarocca Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. vs 4 pairs in Sc. corsicana popi). COI uncorrected average pairwise distances and topology of multilocus molecular phylogenetic trees supports the status of Sc. altarocca Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. as independent from other morphologically related species for which sequences are available. DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — Scherotheca altarocca Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. has been found in the municipality of Olivese and Zicavo, in the natural region of Altarocca, Corse du Sud (Fig. 4A), in Fagus sylvatica L. forests and alpine grasslands at moderately high elevations (1051 to 1258 m). DESCRIPTION External morphology Body pigmentation absent. White-beige in fixed specimens (Fig. 3A). Average length, 80 mm (66-95 mm, n = 12 adults); body cylindrical in cross-section; average number of segments 149 (135-156 mm, n = 11 adults; 135 segments in the holotype). Average weight (fixed specimens), 1.26 g (0.81-1.78 g, n = 14 adults). Prostomium epilobous, closed. Longitudinal furrows in segments 1 and 2. First dorsal pore at intersegmental furrow 10/11. Nephridial pores “en solfège” (irregularly distributed). Spermathecal pores at intersegmental furrows (11/12) 12/13 and 13/ 14 in setal line c. Male pores in segment 15, surrounded by a well-developed porophore. Female pores in segment 14. Clitellum saddle-shaped in segments (29)30-36(37). Tubercula pubertatis in segments (½ 32)33-36(37). Chaetae small and closely paired. Genital papillae in segments (10,11)12-16, (29,30)31,32,37,38(3 9,40,41,42). Internal anatomy Septa 5/6-10/11 thickened and muscular. Hearts in segments 6-11, oesophageal. Calciferous glands in segments 10-14, with diverticula in segment 10. Crop in segments 15-16, gizzard in segments 17-19. Typhlosole pinnate.Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels (not enclosed in testes sacs, but with sperm present) located ventrally in segments 10 and 11. Two pairs of reniform seminal vesicles in segments 11 and 12; in one individual very inconspicuous, vestigial seminal vesicles present in segments 9 and 10. Ovaries and female funnels in segment 13, ovarian receptacles (ovisacs) in segment 14. Two or three pairs of small globular spermathecae in segments (11), 12 and 13 (intersegments 11/12, 12/13, 13/14). Nephridial bladders U-shaped, reclinate in segment 30. REMARKS This species displays some degree of morphological variability, with different combinations of extension of clitellum and tubercula pubertatis, position of genital papillae and spermathecae. These different morphotypes do not show any clear association with genetic lineages, and therefore they do not appear to correspond to differentiated taxa within the species described here. This species corresponds to Sc. corsicana L 6 in the checklist of Corsican earthworms of Marchán et al. (2022a)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Domínguez, Jorge, Hedde, Mickaël & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, The cradle of giants: insights into the origin of Scherotheca Bouché, 1972 (Lumbricidae, Crassiclitellata) with the descriptions of eight new species from Corsica, France, pp. 107-128 in Zoosystema 45 (3) on pages 111-114, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a3, http://zenodo.org/record/7681295, {"references":["BOUCHE M. B. 1972. - Lombriciens de France: ecologie et systematique (Vol. 72, No. 2). Paris: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique.","POP V. V. 1947. - Lombriciens de la Corse. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 85: 18.","QIU J. P. & BOUCHE M. 1998 a. - Revision morphologique, chorologique et taxonomique du genre Scherotheca Bouche, 1972 (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Documents pedozoologiques et integrologiques 4 (12): 117 - 139.","MARCHAN D. F., GERARD S., HEDDE M., ROUGERIE R. & DECAENS T. 2022 a. - An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France. Zoosystema 44 (17): 439 - 461. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / zoosystema 2022 v 44 a 17. http: // zoosystema. com / 44 / 17"]}

Scherotheca capcorsana Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. (Fig. 3G) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3B68DEE3-DC36-4DF7-92A5-CBE738CE13D6 TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Corsica • Adult; Haute-Corse, Cagnano; 42°52’33”N, 9°26’6”E; 150 m a.s.l.; 31.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0123; MNHN. Paratypes. Corsica • 1 adult specimen, 1 juvenile specimen; Haute-Corse, Cagnano; 42°52’33”N, 9°26’6”E; 150 m a.s.l.; 31.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco&Sols; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0124, DFM-0135 • 1 adult specimen, 2 juvenile specimens; same data as for preceding; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0125, DFM-0136, DFM-0138); MNHN. ETYMOLOGY. — The species name is derived from Cap Corse, the region where the type populations were discovered. DIAGNOSIS. — Specimens of Scherotheca capcorsana Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. can be distinguished from all the other species of Scherotheca by the position of the clitellum in segments (27)28-35(36) and tubercula pubertatis in segments ½ 30-34 (Tables 1; 2; Figs 2; 3G). COI uncorrected average pairwise distances and topology of multilocus molecular phylogenetic trees support the status of Scherotheca capcorsana Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. as separate from other morphologically similar species. DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — Sc. capcorsana Marchán, Decäens & Domínguez, n. sp. is only known from the type locality in the municipality of Cagnano, Haute-Corse (Fig. 4A), where it has been found in a Quercus suber woodland. DESCRIPTION External morphology Body pigmentation brown. Beige with dorso-ventral brownish gradients and white-beige clitellum in fixed specimens (Fig. 3G). Average length, 87 mm (80-90 mm, n = 3 adults); body cylindrical in cross-section; average number of segments, 168 (165-171, n = 3 adults; 171 segments in the holotype). Average weight (fixed specimens), 1.78 g (1.77-1.78 g, n = 2 adults). Prostomium epilobous, closed. Longitudinal furrows in segments 1 and 2. First dorsal pore in unknown intersegmental furrow. Nephridial pores “en solfège” (irregularly distributed). Spermathecal pores in intersegmental furrows 12/13 and 13/ 14 in setal line c. Male pores in segment 15, surrounded by a well-developed porophore. Female pores in segment 14. Clitellum saddle-shaped in segments (27)28- 35(36). Tubercula pubertatis in segments ½ 30-34. Chaetae small and closely paired. Genital papillae in segments 10- 16,17,27-29,(35)36,37. Internal anatomy Septa 5/6-10/11 thickened and muscular. Hearts in segments 6-11, oesophageal.Calciferous glands in segments 10-14, with diverticula in segment 10. Crop in segments 15-16, gizzard in segments 17-19. Typhlosole pinnate. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels (not enclosed in testes sacs, but with sperm present) located ventrally in segments 10 and 11. Four pairs of reniform seminal vesicles in segments 9, 10, 11 and 12, with the latter two pairs being larger. Ovaries and female funnels in segment 13, ovarian receptacles (ovisacs) in segment 14. Two pairs of small globular spermathecae in segments 12 and 13 (intersegments 12/13, 13/14). Nephridial bladders U-shaped, reclinate in segment 30. REMARK This species corresponds to Sc. corsicana L 4 in the checklist of Corsican earthworms of Marchán et al. (2022a)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Domínguez, Jorge, Hedde, Mickaël & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, The cradle of giants: insights into the origin of Scherotheca Bouché, 1972 (Lumbricidae, Crassiclitellata) with the descriptions of eight new species from Corsica, France, pp. 107-128 in Zoosystema 45 (3) on page 118, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a3, http://zenodo.org/record/7681295, {"references":["MARCHAN D. F., GERARD S., HEDDE M., ROUGERIE R. & DECAENS T. 2022 a. - An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France. Zoosystema 44 (17): 439 - 461. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / zoosystema 2022 v 44 a 17. http: // zoosystema. com / 44 / 17"]}

Octolasion cyaneum (Savigny, 1826) Enterion cyaneum Savigny, 1826: 181. Allolobophora profuga Rosa, 1884: 47. Allolobophora cyanea profuga Protz, 1895: 255. Octolasion cyaneum – Michaelsen 1900: 506. — Edwards & Lofty 1972: 214. DISTRIBUTION. — Cosmopolitan species, European origin. HABITATS. — Alpine grasslands at 1450 m of altitude. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 1 adult specimen, 1 juvenile specimen; Haute-Corse, Albertacce, Col de Vergio; 42°17’27”N, 8°52’44”E; 1450 m a.s.l.; 28.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0055, DFM-0058)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 453, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["SAVIGNY J. - C. 1826. - Analyses des travaux de l'Academie Royale des Sciences pendant l'annee 1821, partie physique, in CUVIER G. (ed.), Memoires de l'Academie des Sciences de l'Institut de France Paris 5: 176 - 184.","ROSA D. 1884. - I lumbricidi dei Piemonte. Unione Tipografi co- Editrice, Torino: 54 p.","PROTZ A. 1895. - Bericht uber meine vom 11. Juni bis zum 5. Juli 1894 ausgefuhrte zoologische Forschungsreise im Kreise Schwetz. Schriften Gesellschaft Danzig, IX 254 - 268 IX: 254 - 268.","MICHAELSEN W. 1900. - Oligochaeta, in Das Tierreich, volume 10. R. Frielander and Sohn, Berlin, 575 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11605","EDWARDS C. A. & LOFTY J. R. 1972. - Biology of earthworms. Chapman and Hall, London, 283 p."]}

Bimastos eiseni (Levinsen, 1884) Lumbricus eiseni Levinsen, 1884: 241. Eisenia parva – Zicsi 1959: 182. — Plisko 1963: 427. Bimastus beddardi – Mihailova, 1966: 193. Allolobophoridella eiseni – Mršic 1991: 255. — Reynolds 1995: 10. — Csuzdi & Zicsi 2003: 69; 1999: 999. — Blakemore 2010: 499. Bimastos eiseni – Fender 1985: 110. — Qiu & Bouché 1998: 197. — Paoletti et al. 2013: 31. — Csuzdi et al. 2017: 13. DISTRIBUTION. — Cosmopolitan species, European origin. HABITATS. — Mountain pine forests at 940 m of altitude. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 1 adult specimen; Corse du Sud, Zonza, Pacciunituli (D368 road); 41°43’26”N, 9°12’10”E; 940 m a.s.l.; 4.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0158)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 449, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["LEVINSEN G. M. R. 1884. - Systematisk-geografisk ofverssigt over de norddiske Annulata, Gephyrea, Chaetognathi og Balanoglossi, II. Videnskabelige Meddelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjobenhavn 45: 9 - 350.","ZICSI A. 1959. - Faunistisch-systematische und okologische Studien uber die Regenwurmer Ungarns. I. Acta Zoologica Hungarica 5: 165 - 189.","PLISKO G. 1963. - Materialien zur Kenntnis der Regenwurmer (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) Bulgariens. Fragm. Faun., Warsawa 10: 425 - 440. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 00159301 FF 1963.10.29.425","MIHAILOVA P. 1966. - Notes on some Lumbricidae species from Bulgaria. Annuaire de Universite de Sofia 60: 129 - 139.","MRSIC N. 1991. - Monograph on Earthworms (Lumbricidae) of the Balkans. Akademija Znanosti Umetnosti, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 757 p.","REYNOLDS J. W. 1995. - Status of exotic earthworm systematics and biogeography in North America, in HENDRIX P. (ed.), Earthworm Ecology and Biogeography in North America. CRC Press, Inc, Boca Raton, Florida: 1 - 28.","CSUZDI C. & ZICSI A. 2003. - Earthworms of Hungary (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest: 271 p.","BLAKEMORE R. J. 2010. - Cosmopolitan earthworms. VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan (4 th Ed., CD publication), 750 p.","FENDER W. M. 1985. - Earthworms of the western United States. Part I. Lumbricidae. Megadrilogica 4 (5): 93 - 129.","QIU J. P. & BOUCHE M. 1998 a. - Revision morphologique, chorologique et taxonomique du genre Scherotheca Bouche, 1972 (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Documents pedozoologiques et integrologiques 4 (12): 117 - 139.","PAOLETTI M. G., SOMMAGGIO D. & FUSARO S. 2013. - Proposta di Indice di qualita biologica del suolo (QBS-e) basato sui Lombrichi e applicato agli agroecosistemi. Biologia Ambientale 27 (2): 25 - 43.","CSUZDI C., CHANG C. - H., PAVLICEK T., SZEDERJESI T., ESOPI D. & SZLAVECZ K. 2017. - Molecular phylogeny and systematics of native North American lumbricid earthworms (Clitellata: Megadrili). PLoS ONE 12 (8): e 0181504. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0181504"]}

Scherotheca brevisella Bouché, 1972 Scherotheca (Scherotheca) dugesi brevisella Bouché, 1972: 291. DISTRIBUTION. — Corsican endemic. HABITATS. — Mediterranean grasslands and chaparrals, riparian forests; from sea level to above 700 m of altitude. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 26 adult specimens, 7 juvenile specimens; Haute-Corse, Murato, Cagnanozza; 42°33’39”N, 9°18’14”E; 715 m a.s.l.; 1.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0389, DFM- 0390) • Haute-Corse, Oletta, Aliso riparian forest; 42°39’14”N, 9°17’45”E; 24 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0518) • HauteCorse, Santo-Pietro-di-Tenda, Camping La Canardière; 42°38’56”N, 9°14’9”E; 304 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0330) • HauteCorse, Santo-Pietro-di-Tenda, Casta; 42°39’57”N, 9°12’46”E; 251 m a.s.l.; 30.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0307, DFM-0308, DFM-0309, DFM-0310, DFM-0311, DFM-0312, DFM-0313, DFM-0314, DFM-0321, DFM-0322, DFM-0324) • HauteCorse, Sisco, Chapelle Saint Michel; 42°49’22”N, 9°25’58”E; 344 m a.s.l.; 31.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0370, DFM-0371, DFM- 0372, DFM-0373, DFM-0374) • Haute-Corse, Sisco, Piano di Poraja; 42°48’36”N, 9°27’43”E; 135 m a.s.l.; 31.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0104, DFM-0105, DFM-0106, DFM-0107, DFM-0108, DFM-0109, DFM-0110, DFM-0111, DFM-0112, DFM-0113, DFM-0115, DFM-0116, DFM-0117)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 454, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["BOUCHE M. B. 1972. - Lombriciens de France. Ecologie et systematique. Vol. 72, No. HS. INRA Editions, 671 p."]}

Scherotheca portonana L4 MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 10 adult specimens, 11 juvenile specimens; Haute-Corse, Albertacce, Col de Vergio; 42°17’27”N, 8°52’44”E; 1450 m a.s.l.; 28.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0041, DFM- 0042, DFM-0043), MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0044, DFM-0045, DFM-0046, DFM-0049, DFM-0050, DFM-0051, DFM-0052, DFM-0056, DFM-0059, DFM-0060, DFM-0062, DFM-0063, DFM-0064, DFM-0065, DFM-0066, DFM-0067, DFM-0068, DFM-0069). REMARKS We found several species-level genetic lineages that broadly match the morphological description of Sc. portonana. At the type locality of the species (i.e., Albertacce, Col de Vergio; Qiu & Bouché 1998a; Fig. 4B), we found two species-level lineages (L3 and L4). Unfortunately, L3 was represented by two juvenile specimens, preventing any testing of the existence of morphological differences between both lineages. We therefore conservatively consider L3 and L4 as cryptic lineages until further material is collected. Two additional species-level lineages were also detected (L1 and L2). While they were initially assigned to Sc. portonana, they differ from each other and from the topotypes in significant morphological characters, thus they can be considered as new species. Interestingly, these two species are more closely related genetically to some lineages of Scherotheca corsicana (Pop, 1947) (see infra) than to Sc. portonana sensu stricto (Suplementary File 1)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 455, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["QIU J. P. & BOUCHE M. 1998 a. - Revision morphologique, chorologique et taxonomique du genre Scherotheca Bouche, 1972 (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Documents pedozoologiques et integrologiques 4 (12): 117 - 139.","POP V. V. 1947. - Lombriciens de la Corse. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 85: 18."]}

Octolasion lacteum (Orley, 1881) Lumbricus terrestris var. lacteum Örley, 1881: 584. Allolobophora profuga – Rosa 1884: 47. Octolasium lacteum – Cernosvitov 1932: 534. — Mihailova 1966: 193. — Šapkarev 1978: 72. — Zicsi 1982: 431. DISTRIBUTION. — Cosmopolitan species, European origin. HABITATS. — Poplar plantations, riparian forests, riparian and Alpine grasslands; from sea level to above 1400 m of altitude. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 18 adult specimens, 1 juvenile specimen; Haute-Corse, Castellare-Di-Casinca, Anghione; 42°28’19”N, 9°31’8”E; 7 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0342, DFM-0343, DFM- 0344, DFM-0345) • Haute-Corse, Murato; 42°34’12”N, 9°18’21”E; 536 m a.s.l.; 1.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0396, DFM-0397, DFM- 0398, DFM-0399, DFM-0400) • Corse du Sud, Zicavo, Castellu d’Ornucciu; 41°52’22”N, 9°9’17”E; 1422 m a.s.l.; 3.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0453) • Corse du Sud, Zonza; 41°44’34”N, 9°11’42”E; 785 m a.s.l.; 4.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0170, DFM-0171, DFM- 0172, DFM-0173, DFM-0174, DFM-0175, DFM-0176, DFM- 0177, DFM-0239)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 453, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["ORLEY L. 1881. - A Magyarorszagi Oligochaetak faunaja. I. Terricolae. Mathematikai es Termeszettudomanyok Korebol 16: 562 - 611.","ROSA D. 1884. - I lumbricidi dei Piemonte. Unione Tipografi co- Editrice, Torino: 54 p.","CERNOSVITOV L. 1932. - Die Oligochaetenfauna der Karpathen. II. Die Lumbriciden und ihre Verbreitung. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 63: 525 - 546.","MIHAILOVA P. 1966. - Notes on some Lumbricidae species from Bulgaria. Annuaire de Universite de Sofia 60: 129 - 139.","SAPKAREV J. 1978. - Kisne gliste Jugoslavije. Sadasnja taksonomska proucenost i njihova dalja istrazivanja. Biosistematika 4: 293 - 304.","ZICSI A. 1982. - Revised guide to the taxa of the family Lumbricidae (Oligochaeta) described until 1971. Acta Zoologica Hungarica 28: 421 - 454."]}

Eumenescolex emiliae L1 MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 19 adult specimens; Corse du Sud, Zonza; 41°44’34”N, 9°11’42”E; 785 m a.s.l.; 4.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0207, DFM-0208, DFM-0209, DFM-0210, DFM-0211, DFM-0212, DFM-0213, DFM-0214, DFM-0215) • Corse du Sud, Zonza, Samulaghia; 41°45’43”N, 9°13’8”E; 975 m a.s.l.; 4.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0489, DFM-0490, DFM-0491, DFM- 0492, DFM-0493, DFM-0494, DFM-0495, DFM-0496, DFM- 0497, DFM-0498).

International audience; Available studies of the earthworm fauna of Corsica reported a total of 36 species, but this regional diversity is probably underestimated considering the relatively modest sampling efforts achieved so far. We conducted a sampling campaign in the context of the program “Our Planet Reviewed”, with the aim to increase sampling coverage and to analyze already known regional diversity with a combination of classical morpho-anatomic characters and DNA barcoding. We sampled a total of 31 locations, and identified 22 previously recorded species and eight new citations belonging to the families Acanthodrilidae Claus, 1880, Hormogastridae Michaelsen, 1900 and Lumbricidae Rafinesque- Schmaltz, 1815. We obtained 525 COI barcodes which clustered into 48 genetic lineages, highlight- ing the importance of molecular techniques for earthworm diversity surveys. Of these lineages, ten are supported by multiple lines of evidence and will be described in a forthcoming taxonomy paper as species new to science. Biogeographical affinities of the identified species showed a lower rate of cosmopolitan species compared to other Mediterranean islands, a certain degree of affinity with Italy and Sardinia, and a high rate of endemism (which could be mirrored by the Balearic Islands and Sardinia). Comparative phylogeographic analyses are needed to understand the history of coloniza- tion and diversification of earthworms on Mediterranean islands, and to investigate the drivers that shaped differences in their diversity.; Les études disponibles sur la faune lombricienne de la Corse font état d’un total de 36 espèces, mais cette diversité régionale est probablement sous-estimée si l’on considère les efforts d’échantillonnage relativement modestes réalisés jusqu’à présent. Nous avons mené une campagne d’échantillonnage dans le cadre du programme « La Planète Revisitée », avec comme objectif d’augmenter la couver- ture d’échantillonnage et d’analyser la diversité régionale en combinant l’utilisation des caractères morpho-anatomiques classiques à celle des codes-barres ADN. Nous avons échantillonné un total de 31 sites, ce qui a permis d’identifier 22 espèces précédemment citées et huit nouvelles signalisa- tions appartenant aux familles Acanthodrilidae Claus, 1880, Hormogastridae Michaelsen, 1900 et Lumbricidae Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1815. Nous avons obtenu 525 codes-barres ADN qui nous ont permis de délimiter 48 lignées génétiques, soulignant l’importance des techniques moléculaires pour inventorier la diversité des vers de terre. Parmi ces lignées, dix sont soutenues par la morphologie et seront décrites comme espèces nouvelles pour la science dans un article de taxonomie à venir. Les affinités biogéographiques des espèces identifiées montrent un taux relativement faible d’espèces cos- mopolites par rapport à d’autres îles méditerranéennes, un degré d’affinité avec les faunes italiennes et sardes, et un taux élevé d’endémisme (qui pourrait être équivalent à celui des îles Baléares et de la Sardaigne). Des analyses phylogéographiques comparatives pourraient aider à comprendre l’histoire de la colonisation et la diversification des faunes de vers de terre des îles méditerranéennes et à com- prendre les facteurs qui ont façonné les différences dans leur diversité.

Octolasion tyrtaeum (Savigny, 1826) Enterion tyrtaeum Savigny, 1826: 180. Octolasion tyrtaeum – Gates 1972: 125. DISTRIBUTION. — Cosmopolitan species, European origin. HABITATS. — Low altitude poplar plantations and humid grasslands. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 2 adult specimens; Haute-Corse, Castellare-Di-Casinca, Anghione; 42°28’19”N, 9°31’8”E; 7 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0341) • Haute-Corse, Ventiseri, Vix; 41°56’49”N, 9°23’31”E; 3 m a.s.l.; 2.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0157)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 453, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["SAVIGNY J. - C. 1826. - Analyses des travaux de l'Academie Royale des Sciences pendant l'annee 1821, partie physique, in CUVIER G. (ed.), Memoires de l'Academie des Sciences de l'Institut de France Paris 5: 176 - 184.","GATES G. E. 1972. - Toward a revision of the earthworm family Lumbricidae. IV. The trapezoids species complex. Bulletin of Tall Timbers Research 12: 1 - 146."]}

Aporrectodea trapezoides (Dugès, 1828) Lumbricus trapezoides Dugès, 1828: 289. Lumbricus capensis Kinberg, 1867: 100. Lumbricus novaehollandiae Kinberg, 1867: 99. Allolobophora caliginosa trapezoides – Rosa 1893. — Zicsi & Michalis 1981: 248. — Zicsi 1982: 440. — Michalis 1982: 51; 1987: 62. Allolobophora beddardi – Ribaucourt 1896: 53. Helodrilus (Allolobophora) caliginosus trapezoides – Michaelsen 1900: 483. Dendrobaena samarigera var. graeca – Cernosvitov 1938: 191. Allolobophora iowana Evans, 1948: 515. Allolobophora caliginosa forma trapezoides – Omodeo 1956: 335. Nicodrilus caliginosus meridionalis – Bouché 1972 (part): 334. Aporrectodea (Aporrectodea) caliginosa trapezoides – Zicsi 1985: 330. — Mršic & Šapkarev 1988: 29. Nicodrilus trapezoides – Perez Onteniente & Rodriguez Babio 2009: 212. Aporrectodea trapezoides – Fernández et al. 2012: 376. DISTRIBUTION. — Cosmopolitan species, European origin. HABITATS. — Mediterranean chaparrals, poplar plantations, low elevation to Alpine grasslands, pine forests; from sea level to above 800 m of altitude. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 30 adult specimens, 2 juvenile specimens; Haute-Corse, Cagnano; 42°52’33”N, 9°26’6”E; 150 m a.s.l.; 31.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0134) • Haute-Corse, Castellare-DiCasinca, Anghione; 42°28’19”N, 9°31’8”E; 7 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0351) • Haute-Corse, Murato; 42°34’12”N, 9°18’21”E; 536 m a.s.l.; 1.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0403, DFM-0404, DFM-0405, DFM-0406, DFM-0407) • Haute-Corse, Oletta, Aliso riparian forest; 42°39’14”N, 9°17’45”E; 24 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg. MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0531, DFM-0532, DFM-0533, DFM-0534, DFM-0535) • Haute-Corse, Palasca, les Jardins de l’Ostriconi; 42°39’10”N, 9°4’44”E; 6 m a.s.l.; 30.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg. MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0546, DFM-0547, DFM-0548, DFM-0549, DFM-0550) • Corse du Sud, Porto Vecchio, Carataggio; 41°34’30”N, 9°20’42”E; 7 m a.s.l.; 5.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0506) • Haute-Corse, SantoPietro-di-Tenda, Camping La Canardière; 42°38’56”N, 9°14’9”E; 304 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0332, DFM-0333, DFM-0334, DFM-0335, DFM-0336) • Haute-Corse, Santo-Pietro-di-Tenda, Casta; 42°39’57”N, 9°12’46”E; 251 m a.s.l.; 30.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0315, DFM-0316, DFM-0317, DFM-0318, DFM-0319, DFM-0325) • Haute-Corse, Ventiseri, Vix; 41°56’49”N, 9°23’31”E; 3 m a.s.l.; 2.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0154, DFM-0155) • Corse du Sud, Zonza, Pacciunituli (D67 road); 41°44’9”N, 9°10’51”E; 813 m a.s.l.; 3.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0438). REMARKS The identified individuals could be assigned morphologically to Aporrectodea caliginosa meridionalis Bouché, 1972, which was cited from Corsica by Bouché (1972) together with Ap. caliginosa caliginosa. However, specimens collected in our study were found to be identical to the most widespread clone within lineage II of Aporrectodea trapezoides (Dugès, 1828) according to their COI sequence (Fernández et al. 2011). Our work therefore suggests a possible synonymy of Ap. caliginosa meridionalis and Ap. trapezoides, which will have to be confirmed in the future in the light of additional data. Further molecular barcoding of continental populations previously assigned to Ap. caliginosa meridionalis will be necessary to confirm if the synonymy applies to its whole range., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 449, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["DUGES A. L. 1828. - Recherche sur la circulation, la respiration, et la reproduction des Annelides setigeres abranches. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Paris Serie 1 15: 284 - 337.","KINBERG J. G. H. 1867. - Annulata nova. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 23: 97 - 103.","ROSA D. 1893. - Revisione dei Lumbricidi. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino Serie 2 43: 399 - 476.","ZICSI A. & MICHALIS K. 1981. - Ubersicht der Regenwurm-fauna Griechenlands (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Acta Zoologica Hungarica 27: 239 - 264.","ZICSI A. 1982. - Revised guide to the taxa of the family Lumbricidae (Oligochaeta) described until 1971. Acta Zoologica Hungarica 28: 421 - 454.","MICHALIS K. 1982. - Katalog der Oligochaetenfauna Griechenlands. Biologia Gallo-Hellenica 9: 343 - 362.","MICHALIS K. 1987. - Contribution to the systematic and ecological study of the earthworms (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) of the Western Thrace. Arquivos do Museu Bocage 1 (5): 59 - 69.","RIBAUCOURT E. DE 1896. - Etude sur la faune lombricide de la Suisse. Revue suisse de Zoologie 4: 1 - 110. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 35505","MICHAELSEN W. 1900. - Oligochaeta, in Das Tierreich, volume 10. R. Frielander and Sohn, Berlin, 575 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11605","CERNOSVITOV L. 1938. - Zur Kenntnis der Oligochatenfauna des Balkans. V. Oligochaten aus Jugoslawien und Albanien. Zoologischer Anzeiger 122: 285 - 289.","EVANS A. C. 1948. - On some earthworms from Iowa, including a description of a new species. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History London Series 11 14: 514 - 516.","OMODEO P. 1956. - Contributo alla revisione dei Lumbricidae. Archivio Zoologico Italiano 41: 129 - 212.","BOUCHE M. B. 1972. - Lombriciens de France. Ecologie et systematique. Vol. 72, No. HS. INRA Editions, 671 p.","ZICSI A. 1985. - Regenwurmer (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) aus Israel und den benachbarten Landern. Revue suisse de Zoologie 92: 323 - 331. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 81620","MRSIC N. & SAPKAREV J. 1988. - Revision of the Genus Allolobophora Eisen 1874 (emend. Pop 1941) (Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta). Acta Musei Macedonici Scientiarum Naturalium 154 (1): 1 - 38.","FERNANDEZ R., ALMODOVAR A., NOVO M., SIMANCAS B. & DIAZ COSIN D. J. 2012. - Adding complexity to the complex: New insights into the phylogeny, diversification and origin of parthenogenesis in the Aporrectodea caliginosa species complex (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 64 (2): 368 - 379. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2012.04.011","FERNANDEZ R., ALMODOVAR A., NOVO M., GUTIERREZ M. & DIAZ COSIN D. J. 2011. - A vagrant clone in a peregrine species: phylogeography, high clonal diversity and geographical distribution in the earthworm Aporrectodea trapezoides (Duges, 1828). Soil Biology and Biochemistry 43 (10): 2085 - 2093. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. soilbio. 2011.06.007"]}

Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny, 1826) Enterion caliginosum Savigny, 1826: 180. Allolobophora turgida Eisen, 1874: 46. Nicodrilus (Nicodrilus) caliginosus caliginosus – Bouché 1972: 326. Allolobophora caliginosa – Zicsi & Michalis 1981: 247; 1993: 302. — Michalis 1982: 350; 1983: 58; 1987: 61; 1995: 15. — Michalis et al. 1985: 38; 1989: 5. Aporrectodea (Aporrectodea) caliginosa – Michalis 1993: 17. DISTRIBUTION. — Cosmopolitan species, European origin. HABITATS. — Pine and fir forests, poplar plantations, humid grasslands, riparian forests; from sea level to nearly 1000 m of altitude. GENETIC LINEAGES. — We found two distinct species-level lineages corresponding to the morphological description of Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny, 1826), Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 448, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["SAVIGNY J. - C. 1826. - Analyses des travaux de l'Academie Royale des Sciences pendant l'annee 1821, partie physique, in CUVIER G. (ed.), Memoires de l'Academie des Sciences de l'Institut de France Paris 5: 176 - 184.","EISEN G. 1874. - New Englands och Canadas Lumbricides. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandligar Stockholm 31 (2): 41 - 49.","BOUCHE M. B. 1972. - Lombriciens de France. Ecologie et systematique. Vol. 72, No. HS. INRA Editions, 671 p.","ZICSI A. & MICHALIS K. 1981. - Ubersicht der Regenwurm-fauna Griechenlands (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Acta Zoologica Hungarica 27: 239 - 264.","ZICSI A. & MICHALIS K. 1993. - Zwei neue Dendrobaena-Arten aus Grichenland (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Acta Zoologica Hungarica 39 (1 - 4): 301 - 310.","MICHALIS K. 1982. - Katalog der Oligochaetenfauna Griechenlands. Biologia Gallo-Hellenica 9: 343 - 362.","MICHALIS K. 1983. - New biotopes of the species Allolobophora dofleini (Ude, 1922) and the subspecies Bimastus antiquus bouchei (Zicsi-Michalis, 1981) (Oligochaeta-Lumbricidae). Ecologia Mediterranea 9 (1): 57 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / ecmed. 1983.1017","MICHALIS K. 1987. - Contribution to the systematic and ecological study of the earthworms (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) of the Western Thrace. Arquivos do Museu Bocage 1 (5): 59 - 69.","MICHALIS K. 1995. - Oligochaeten - Funde aus Thessalien (Griechenland) nebst Beschreibung der Art Octodrilus peleensis sp. nov. Bios (Macedonia, Greece) 3: 15 - 20.","MICHALIS K., FRAGOULIS A. & PANIDIS S. 1985. - Earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) from the montainous mas of Pella province: southwest region, and Imathias province, northwest region: a systematical and ecological study. Ecologia Mediterranea 11 (4): 37 - 42.","MICHALIS K., FRAGOULIS A. & PANIDIS S. 1989. - Notes on the earthworms (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) from central west Macedonia. Acta zoologica cracoviensia 32: 3 - 14.","MICHALIS K. 1993. - Criodrilus lacuum Hoffmeister, 1845 (Oligochaeta: Criodrilidae) - earthworm species new to Greece. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 36 (1): 15 - 21."]}

Eiseniella tetraedra (Savigny, 1826) Enterion tetraedrum Savigny, 1826: 184. Lumbricus tetraedrus – Dugès 1837: 17. Allurus tetraedrus – Rosa 1893: 10. Eiseniella tetraedra f. typica – Michaelsen 1900: 471. Allurus tetraedrus flavus Michaelsen, 1902: 16. Eiseniella intermedia Jackson, 1931: 123. Eiseniella tetraedra – Bodenheimer 1935: 393. Eiseniella tetraedra tetraedra – Easton 1983: 491. — Csuzdi & Zicsi 2003: 153. DISTRIBUTION. — Cosmopolitan species, European origin. HABITATS. — Riparian forests and grasslands, humid grasslands, pine forests, poplar plantations, at low altitudes. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 15 adult specimens; HauteCorse, Castellare-Di-Casinca, Anghione; 42°28’19”N, 9°31’8”E; 7 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0362, DFM-0363, DFM- 0364, DFM-0365) • Haute-Corse, Ghisonaccia, Marais de Cattolica; 42°1’15”N, 9°28’12”E; 8 m a.s.l.; 2.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (DFM-0429) • Haute-Corse, Murato; 42°34’12”N, 9°18’21”E; 536 m a.s.l.; 1.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg. MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0413, DFM-0414, DFM-0415, DFM-0416, DFM-0417) • Haute-Corse, Palasca, les Jardins de l’Ostriconi; 42°39’10”N, 9°4’44”E; 6 m a.s.l.; 30.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (DFM-0545) • Haute-Corse, Sisco, Chapelle Saint Michel; 42°49’22”N, 9°25’58”E; 344 m a.s.l.; 31.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0385, DFM-0386, DFM-0387, DFM-0388)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 451, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["SAVIGNY J. - C. 1826. - Analyses des travaux de l'Academie Royale des Sciences pendant l'annee 1821, partie physique, in CUVIER G. (ed.), Memoires de l'Academie des Sciences de l'Institut de France Paris 5: 176 - 184.","DUGES A. L. 1837. - Nouvelles observations sur la zoologie et l'anatomie des annelides abranches setigeres. Annales des Sciences naturelles Paris Serie 2 Zoologie 8: 15 - 35.","ROSA D. 1893. - Revisione dei Lumbricidi. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino Serie 2 43: 399 - 476.","MICHAELSEN W. 1900. - Oligochaeta, in Das Tierreich, volume 10. R. Frielander and Sohn, Berlin, 575 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11605","MICHAELSEN W. 1902. - Neue Oligochaeten und neue Fundorte alt-bekannter. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg 19: 1 - 54.","JACKSON A. 1931. - The Oligochaeta of south-western Australia. The Journal of the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Western Australia 17: 71 - 137.","BODENHEIMER F. S. 1935. - Animal Life in Palestine - An introduction to the problems of animal ecology and zoogeography, Mayer L., Jerusalem, 507 p.","EASTON E. G. 1983. - A guide to the valid names of Lumbricidae (Oligochaeta), in SATCHELL J. E. (ed.), Earthworm Ecology from Darwin to Vermiculture. Chapman and Hall, London: 475 - 485.","CSUZDI C. & ZICSI A. 2003. - Earthworms of Hungary (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest: 271 p."]}

Scherotheca corsicana L6 MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 18 adult specimens, 12 juvenile specimens; Corse du Sud, Olivese (D26 road); 41°50’45”N, 9°4’55”E; 1051 m a.s.l.; 6.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0512, DFM- 0513, DFM-0514) • Corse du Sud, Olivese (D69 road); 41°50’13”N, 9°5’45”E; 1178 m a.s.l.; 6.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0266, DFM- 0267, DFM-0268) and MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0269, DFM-0270, DFM-0271, DFM-0272, DFM-0274, DFM-0275, DFM-0276, DFM-0277, DFM-0278, DFM-0279, DFM-0280, DFM-0281, DFM-0282, DFM-0283) • Corse du Sud, Zicavo, Castellu d’Ornucciu; 41°52’22”N, 9°9’17”E; 1422 m a.s.l.; 3.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0446, DFM-0447, DFM-0448, DFM-0449, DFM- 0450, DFM-0451, DFM-0452) • Corse du Sud, Zicavo, Ponte di Valpine; 41°52’33”N, 9°7’58”E; 1248 m a.s.l.; 3.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0443, DFM-0444, DFM-0445). REMARKS These six lineages are supported by morphological differences in average body size and pigmentation, position of the clitellum and tubercula pubertatis, position of genital papillae and number and position of spermathecae and seminal vesicles. They have been provisionnaly assigned to Sc. corsicana, based on a relative similarity to the characters described in Pop (1947). However, it should be noted that Pop’s description is approximate, with four different localities designated as type localities, a single complete adult, and a wide morphological variability. It should also be noted that, although showing an undeniable degree of similarity to Sc. corsicana, none of the lineages found in our study matched all the characters highlighted by Pop. Hence, all six of those species-level lineages are susceptible of being described as new species., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on pages 455-456, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["POP V. V. 1947. - Lombriciens de la Corse. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 85: 18."]}

Octodrilus hemiandrus (Cognetti de Martiis, 1901) Octolasium hemiandrum Cognetti de Martiis, 1901: 3. Octodrilus hemiander – Paoletti et al. 2013: 34 (misspelling). DISTRIBUTION. — Italo-Balkanic species. HABITATS. — Low altitude Mediterranean chaparrals. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 2 adult specimens; HauteCorse, Sisco, Chapelle Saint-Michel; 42°49’22”N, 9°25’58”E; 344 m a.s.l.; 31.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0369) • Haute-Corse, Sisco, Piano di Poraja; 42°48’36”N, 9°27’43”E; 135 m a.s.l.; 31.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0102)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on pages 452-453, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["COGNETTI DE MARTIIS L. 1901. - Res Italicae I. Octolasium hemiandrum nov. sp. ed altri Lumbricidi raccolti del Dott. E. Festa nei dintorni della Spezia. Bolletino dei Musei di Torino 15 (383): 8 p.","PAOLETTI M. G., SOMMAGGIO D. & FUSARO S. 2013. - Proposta di Indice di qualita biologica del suolo (QBS-e) basato sui Lombrichi e applicato agli agroecosistemi. Biologia Ambientale 27 (2): 25 - 43."]}

Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826) Enterion roseum Savigny, 1826: 182. Allolobophora rosea – Zicsi & Michalis 1981: 249; 1993: 302. — Michalis 1982: 350; 1983: 58; 1987: 62. — Michalis et al. 1985: 38. Allolobophora rosea bimastoides – Zicsi & Michalis 1981: 249. — Michalis 1982: 350. Aporrectodea (Aporrectodea) rosea – Michalis 1993: 17. Aporrectodea rosea – Szederjesi 2015: 144. DISTRIBUTION. — Cosmopolitan species, European origin. HABITATS. — Pine forests, poplar plantations, humid grasslands, riparian forests and Mediterranean chaparrals; from sea level to 785 m of altitude. GENETIC LINEAGES. — We found three distinct species-levels lineages corresponding to the morphological description of Ap. rosea, Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 448, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["SAVIGNY J. - C. 1826. - Analyses des travaux de l'Academie Royale des Sciences pendant l'annee 1821, partie physique, in CUVIER G. (ed.), Memoires de l'Academie des Sciences de l'Institut de France Paris 5: 176 - 184.","ZICSI A. & MICHALIS K. 1981. - Ubersicht der Regenwurm-fauna Griechenlands (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Acta Zoologica Hungarica 27: 239 - 264.","ZICSI A. & MICHALIS K. 1993. - Zwei neue Dendrobaena-Arten aus Grichenland (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Acta Zoologica Hungarica 39 (1 - 4): 301 - 310.","MICHALIS K. 1982. - Katalog der Oligochaetenfauna Griechenlands. Biologia Gallo-Hellenica 9: 343 - 362.","MICHALIS K. 1983. - New biotopes of the species Allolobophora dofleini (Ude, 1922) and the subspecies Bimastus antiquus bouchei (Zicsi-Michalis, 1981) (Oligochaeta-Lumbricidae). Ecologia Mediterranea 9 (1): 57 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / ecmed. 1983.1017","MICHALIS K. 1987. - Contribution to the systematic and ecological study of the earthworms (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) of the Western Thrace. Arquivos do Museu Bocage 1 (5): 59 - 69.","MICHALIS K., FRAGOULIS A. & PANIDIS S. 1985. - Earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) from the montainous mas of Pella province: southwest region, and Imathias province, northwest region: a systematical and ecological study. Ecologia Mediterranea 11 (4): 37 - 42.","MICHALIS K. 1993. - Criodrilus lacuum Hoffmeister, 1845 (Oligochaeta: Criodrilidae) - earthworm species new to Greece. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 36 (1): 15 - 21.","SZEDERJESI T. 2015. - New earthworm records from various parts of Greece (oligochaeta: lumbricidae, acanthodrilidae, megascolecidae, ocnerodrilidae). Opuscula Zoologica (Budapest) 46 (2): 143 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.18348 / opzool. 2015.2.143"]}

Octodrilus complanatus (Dugès, 1828) Lumbricus complanatus Dugès, 1828: 289. Octolasium complanatum – Reynolds & Cook 1976: 89. Octodrilus complanatus – Zicsi & Michalis 1981: 256. — Easton 1983: 483. — Pavlicek et al. 2003: 457. — Csuzdi et al. 2006: 24. DISTRIBUTION. — Mostly circum-Mediterranean species. HABITATS. — Grasslands, riparian forests, poplar plantations, pine forests, Mediterranean chaparrals, cork-oak open woods; from sea level to 785 m of altitude. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 26 adult specimens, 1 juvenile specimen; Haute-Corse, Cagnano; 42°52’33”N, 9°26’6”E; 150 m a.s.l.; 31.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0129, DFM-0130, DFM-0131, DFM- 0132, DFM-0133) • Haute-Corse, Castellare-Di-Casinca; 42°27’39”N, 9°29’27”E; 50 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0070, DFM-0071, DFM- 0072, DFM-0073, DFM-0074, DFM-0075, DFM-0076, DFM- 0077) • Haute-Corse, Castellare-Di-Casinca, Anghione; 42°28’19”N, 9°31’8”E; 7 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0339, DFM-0340) • Corse du Sud, Cavu, Sainte-Lucie de Porto -Vecchio; 41°42’21”N, 9°21’54”E; 38 m a.s.l.; 5.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0257) • Haute-Corse, Oletta, Aliso riparian forest; 42°39’14”N, 9°17’45”E; 24 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0525, DFM-0526, DFM-0527, DFM- 0528, DFM-0529) • Haute-Corse, Santo-Pietro-di-Tenda, Camping La Canardière; 42°38’56”N, 9°14’9”E; 304 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0331) • Haute-Corse, Sisco, Chapelle Saint Michel; 42°49’22”N, 9°25’58”E; 344 m a.s.l.; 31.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0368) • HauteCorse, Ventiseri, Vix; 41°56’49”N, 9°23’31”E; 3 m a.s.l.; 2.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0156) • Corse du Sud, Zonza; 41°44’34”N, 9°11’42”E; 785 m a.s.l.; 4.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0227, DFM-0228) • Corse du Sud, Zonza – Olmucciu, Ovu Santu; 41°42’17”N, 9°23’45”E; 2 m a.s.l.; 5.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg. MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0499)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 452, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["DUGES A. L. 1828. - Recherche sur la circulation, la respiration, et la reproduction des Annelides setigeres abranches. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Paris Serie 1 15: 284 - 337.","REYNOLDS J. W. & COOK D. G. 1976. - Nomenclatura Oligochaetologica. A catalogue of names, descriptions and type specimens of the Oligochaeta. The University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, 217 p.","ZICSI A. & MICHALIS K. 1981. - Ubersicht der Regenwurm-fauna Griechenlands (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Acta Zoologica Hungarica 27: 239 - 264.","EASTON E. G. 1983. - A guide to the valid names of Lumbricidae (Oligochaeta), in SATCHELL J. E. (ed.), Earthworm Ecology from Darwin to Vermiculture. Chapman and Hall, London: 475 - 485.","PAVLICEK T., CSUZDI CS. & NEVO E. 2003. - Species richness and zoogeographic affinities of earthworms in the Levant. Pedobiologia 47: 452 - 457. https: // doi. org / 10.1078 / 0031 - 4056 - 00212","CSUZDI CS., ZICSI A. & MISIRLIOGLU M. 2006. - An annotated checklist of the earthworm fauna of Turkey (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Zootaxa 1175 (1): 1 - 29. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1175.1.1"]}

Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus, 1758 Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus, 1758: 647. — James et al. 2010: e15629. Enterion terrestre – Savigny 1822: 103. Lumbricus agricola Hoffmeister, 1842: 24. Lumbricus infelix Kinberg, 1867: 98. Lumbricus americanus Perrier, 1872: 44. Lumbricus studeri Ribaucourt, 1896: 5. DISTRIBUTION. — Cosmopolitan species, European origin. HABITATS. — Low altitude grasslands. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 5 adult specimens; Haute-Corse, Palasca, les Jardins de l’Ostriconi; 42°39’10”N, 9°4’44”E; 6 m a.s.l.; 30.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0551, DFM-0552), MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0553, DFM-0554, DFM-0555)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 452, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["LINNAEUS C. 1758. - Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima reformata 1758, Holmiae, Impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii (Salvius publ.). https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542","JAMES S. W., PORCO D., DECAENS T., RICHARD B., ROUGERIE R. & ERSEUS C. 2010. - DNA barcoding reveals cryptic diversity in Lumbricus terrestris L., 1758 (Clitellata): resurrection of L. herculeus (Savigny, 1826). PloS ONE 5 (12): e 15629. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0015629","SAVIGNY J. - C. 1822. - Systeme des annelides, principalement de celles des cotes de l'Egypte et de la Syrie, offrant les caracteres tant distinctifs que naturels des Ordres, Familles et Genres, avec la Description des Especes. Description de l'Egypte ou Recueil des Observations et des Recherches qui ont ete faites en Egypte pendant l'Expedition de l'Armee Francaise, publie par les Ordres de sa Majeste l'Empereur Napoleon le Grand, Histoire Naturelle, Paris. Paris, Imprimerie imperiale 1 (3): 1 - 128. http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41329897","HOFFMEISTER W. F. L. 1842. - De vermibus quibusdam genus Lumbricorum perinentibus. Holmquist, Berlin, 28 p.","KINBERG J. G. H. 1867. - Annulata nova. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 23: 97 - 103.","PERRIER E. 1872. - Recherches pour servir a l'histoire des lombriciens terrestres. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris 8: 5 - 198. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12475125","RIBAUCOURT E. DE 1896. - Etude sur la faune lombricide de la Suisse. Revue suisse de Zoologie 4: 1 - 110. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 35505"]}

Eisenia andrei Bouché, 1972 Eisenia fetida andrei Bouché, 1972: 381. Eisenia andrei – Pérez-Losada et al. 2005: 320. DISTRIBUTION. — Cosmopolitan species, European origin. HABITATS. — Low altitude riparian forests. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 5 adult specimens; Haute-Corse, Oletta, Aliso riparian forest; 42°39’14”N, 9°17’45”E; 24 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0536, DFM-0537), MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0538, DFM-0539, DFM-0540)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 451, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["BOUCHE M. B. 1972. - Lombriciens de France. Ecologie et systematique. Vol. 72, No. HS. INRA Editions, 671 p."]}

Lumbricus castaneus (Savigny, 1826) Enterion castaneum Savigny, 1826: 180. Lumbricus castaneus – Bouché 1972: 362. — Mršic 1991: 466. — Pop et al. 2012: 64. DISTRIBUTION. — Cosmopolitan species, European origin. HABITATS. — Grasslands, riparian forests, poplar plantations, pine forests, Mediterranean chaparrals; from sea level to up to nearly 1000 m of altitude. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 35 adult specimens, 1 juvenile specimen; Haute-Corse, Castellare-Di-Casinca; 42°27’39”N, 9°29’27”E; 50 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0078, DFM-0079, DFM-0080, DFM-0081, DFM-0082, DFM-0083, DFM-0084, DFM-0085, DFM-0086, DFM-0100) • Haute-Corse, Castellare-Di-Casinca, Anghione; 42°28’19”N, 9°31’8”E; 7 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM- 0357, DFM-0358, DFM-0359, DFM-0360, DFM-0361) • HauteCorse, Murato; 42°34’12”N, 9°18’21”E; 536 m a.s.l.; 1.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0408, DFM-0409, DFM-0410, DFM-0411, DFM- 0412) • Haute-Corse, Oletta, Aliso riparian forest; 42°39’14”N, 9°17’45”E; 24 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0542) • HauteCorse, Palasca, les Jardins de l’Ostriconi; 42°39’10”N, 9°4’44”E; 6 m a.s.l.; 30.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0556, DFM-0557, DFM-0558, DFM- 0559, DFM-0560) • Haute-Corse, Santo-Pietro-di-Tenda, Casta; 42°39’57”N, 9°12’46”E; 251 m a.s.l.; 30.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM- 0286, DFM-0287, DFM-0288, DFM-0289, DFM-0290) • HauteCorse, Ventiseri, Vix; 41°56’49”N, 9°23’31”E; 3 m a.s.l.; 2.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0151) • Corse du Sud, Zonza; 41°44’34”N, 9°11’42”E; 785 m a.s.l.; 4.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0194) • Corse du Sud, Zonza, Samulaghia; 41°45’43”N, 9°13’8”E; 975 m a.s.l.; 4.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0480, DFM-0481, DFM-0482)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 452, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["SAVIGNY J. - C. 1826. - Analyses des travaux de l'Academie Royale des Sciences pendant l'annee 1821, partie physique, in CUVIER G. (ed.), Memoires de l'Academie des Sciences de l'Institut de France Paris 5: 176 - 184.","BOUCHE M. B. 1972. - Lombriciens de France. Ecologie et systematique. Vol. 72, No. HS. INRA Editions, 671 p.","MRSIC N. 1991. - Monograph on Earthworms (Lumbricidae) of the Balkans. Akademija Znanosti Umetnosti, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 757 p.","POP V. V., POP A. A. & CSUZDI C. 2012. - An annotated checklist of the Romanian earthworm fauna (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae). Zoology in the Middle East 4: 59 - 70. https: // doi-org. inee. bib. cnrs. fr / 10.1080 / 09397140.2012.10648985"]}

Octodriloides sp. DISTRIBUTION. — Unknown. HABITATS. — Low elevation Mediterranean chaparrals. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 1 adult specimen; HauteCorse, Sisco, Piano di Poraja; 42°48’36”N, 9°27’43”E; 135 m a.s.l.; 31.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0103). REMARKS Initially identified as Octodrilus hemiandrus (Cognetti de Martiis, 1901), this specimen appears to belong to the genus Octodriloides Zicsi, 1986, showing a certain affinity to Octodriloides poklonensis Mrsic, 1991 from Croatia, but additional material would be necessary to corroborate its identity., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 453, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["COGNETTI DE MARTIIS L. 1901. - Res Italicae I. Octolasium hemiandrum nov. sp. ed altri Lumbricidi raccolti del Dott. E. Festa nei dintorni della Spezia. Bolletino dei Musei di Torino 15 (383): 8 p.","MRSIC N. 1991. - Monograph on Earthworms (Lumbricidae) of the Balkans. Akademija Znanosti Umetnosti, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 757 p."]}

Proctodrilus antipai (Michaelsen, 1891) Allolobophora antipae Michaelsen, 1891: 16. Helodrilus (Helodrilus) antipae – Michaelsen 1900: 498. Dendrobaena riparia Bretscher, 1901: 218. Allolobophora (Microeophila) antipain Omodeo, 1956: 184. Allolobophora cuginii helodriloides Chandebois, 1957: 410. Allolobophora antipai forma typica – Zicsi 1959: 283; 1968: 151, 1982: 444. Proctodrilus antipai – Zicsi 1985: 285; 1991: 188. DISTRIBUTION. — European species. HABITATS. — Mediterranean chaparrals, holm-oak and pine forest; from sea level to above 800 m of altitude. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 23 adult specimens, 6 juvenile specimens; Corse du Sud, Porto Vecchio, Carataggio; 41°34’30”N, 9°20’42”E; 7 m a.s.l.; 5.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0504) • Corse du Sud, Sorbollano – Quenza, Campu di Bonza; 41°46’12”N, 9°7’26”E; 896 m a.s.l.; 3.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0464, DFM-0465, DFM-0466, DFM- 0467, DFM-0470) • Corse du Sud, Zonza; 41°44’34”N, 9°11’42”E; 785 m a.s.l.; 4.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0178, DFM-0179, DFM-0180, DFM-0181, DFM-0182, DFM-0183, DFM-0184, DFM-0185, DFM-0186, DFM-0187, DFM-0188, DFM-0189, DFM-0190, DFM-0191, DFM-0192, DFM-0193, DFM-0241, DFM-0243, DFM-0244, DFM-0245, DFM-0246) • Corse du Sud, Zonza, Pacciunituli (D67 road); 41°44’9”N, 9°10’51”E; 813 m a.s.l.; 3.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0436, DFM-0437)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on pages 453-454, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["MICHAELSEN W. 1891. - Oligochaeten des Naturhistorischen Museums in Hamburg IV. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten 8: 299 - 340. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 25210196","MICHAELSEN W. 1900. - Oligochaeta, in Das Tierreich, volume 10. R. Frielander and Sohn, Berlin, 575 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11605","BRETSCHER K. 1901. - Beobachtung uber Oligochaeten der Schweiz. Revue suisse de Zoologie 9: 189 - 223. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 82517","OMODEO P. 1956. - Contributo alla revisione dei Lumbricidae. Archivio Zoologico Italiano 41: 129 - 212.","CHANDEBOIS R. 1957. - Sur la presence en Corse d'une forme nouvelle d' Allolobophora cuginii Rosa et sur une mode d'evolution des Lumbricides. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 82: 410 - 412.","ZICSI A. 1959. - Faunistisch-systematische und okologische Studien uber die Regenwurmer Ungarns. I. Acta Zoologica Hungarica 5: 165 - 189.","ZICSI A. 1982. - Revised guide to the taxa of the family Lumbricidae (Oligochaeta) described until 1971. Acta Zoologica Hungarica 28: 421 - 454.","ZICSI A. 1985. - Regenwurmer (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) aus Israel und den benachbarten Landern. Revue suisse de Zoologie 92: 323 - 331. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 81620"]}

Octodrilus transpadanoides Zicsi, 1981 Octodrilus transpadanoides Zicsi, 1981: 161. DISTRIBUTION. — Italo-Austrian species. HABITATS. — Low elevation poplar plantations. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 5 adult specimens; Haute-Corse, Castellare-Di-Casinca, Anghione; 42°28’19”N, 9°31’8”E; 7 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0346, DFM-0347), MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0348, DFM-0349, DFM-0350)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 453, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["ZICSI A. & MICHALIS K. 1981. - Ubersicht der Regenwurm-fauna Griechenlands (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Acta Zoologica Hungarica 27: 239 - 264."]}

Allolobophora chlorotica L7 MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 32 adult specimens, 1 juvenile specimen; Haute-Corse, Cagnano; 42°52’33”N, 9°26’6”E; 150 m a.s.l.; 31.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0118, DFM-0119, DFM-0120, DFM-0121, DFM-0122) • Haute-Corse, Castellare-Di-Casinca; 42°27’39”N, 9°29’27”E; 50 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM- 0093, DFM-0094, DFM-0095, DFM-0096, DFM-0097, DFM- 0099) • Haute-Corse, Ghisonaccia, Marais de Cattolica; 42°1’15”N, 9°28’12”E; 8 m a.s.l.; 2.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0430, DFM-0431, DFM- 0432, DFM-0433) • Haute-Corse, Oletta, Aliso riparian forest; 42°39’14”N, 9°17’45”E; 24 m a.s.l.; 29.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM- 0519) • Haute-Corse, Palasca, les Jardins de l’Ostriconi; 42°39’10”N, 9°4’44”E; 6 m a.s.l.; 30.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0561, DFM-0562, DFM- 0563, DFM-0564, DFM-0565) • Haute-Corse, Poggio-d’Oletta, Saint Florent; 42°40’19”N, 9°20’42”E; 49 m a.s.l.; 1.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0421, DFM-0422, DFM-0423) • Haute-Corse, SantoPietro-di-Tenda, Casta; 42°39’57”N, 9°12’46”E; 251 m a.s.l.; 30.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; Eco & Sols (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0291, DFM-0292, DFM-0293, DFM- 0294, DFM-0295, DFM-0296) • Haute-Corse, Sisco, Chapelle Saint Michel; 42°49’22”N, 9°25’58”E; 344 m a.s.l.; 31.III.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0381, DFM-0382, DFM-0383). REMARKS Five species-level lineages were previously described within A. chlorotica (Dupont et al. 2011) with the geographically restricted L5 (Switzerland and Southeastern France) suggested to be divided into three mitochondrial lineages (L5, L6 and L7). Marchán et al. (2020) attributed the A. chlorotica individuals found in the Hyères Archipelago to L5 (without considering the further subdivision). Specimens collected in Corsica cluster together with this same lineage, except for one specimen more closely related to specimens from Provence and the Alps. Upon closer inspection, both groups appear to be separate cryptic lineages which would correspond to L5 and L7 (as defined by Dupont et al. 2011)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on page 446, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["DUPONT L., LAZREK F., PORCO D., KING R. A., ROUGERIE R., SYMONDSON W. O. C., LIVET A., RICHARD B., DECAENS T., BUTT K. R. & MATHIEU J. 2011. - New insight into the genetic structure of the Allolobophora chlorotica aggregate in Europe using microsatellite and mitochondrial data. Pedobiologia 54 (4): 217 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pedobi. 2011.03.004","MARCHAN D. F., FERNANDEZ R., DOMINGUEZ J., DIAZ COSIN D. J. & NOVO M. 2020. - Genome-informed integrative taxonomic description of three cryptic species in the earthworm genus Carpetania (Oligochaeta, Hormogastridae). Systematics and biodiversity 18 (3): 203 - 215. https: // doi-org. inee. bib. cnrs. fr / 10. 1080 / 14772000.2020.1730474"]}

Bimastos rubidus (Savigny, 1826) Enterion rubidium Savigny, 1826: 182. Allolobophora subrubicunda Eisen 1874: 51. Lumbricus terrestris var. rubida – Örley 1881: 584. Allolobophora constricta Rosa, 1884: 38. Allolobophora darwini Ribaucourt, 1896: 18. Helodrilus (Dendrobaena) rubidus – Michaelsen 1900: 490. Helodrilus (Bimastus) constrictus – Michaelsen 1900: 503. Dendrobaena magnesia Tzelepe, 1943: 38. Dendrobaena rubida – Pop 1949: 490. Dendrobaena (Dendrodrilus) rubida – Omodeo 1956: 175. Dendrobaena constricta – Michalis 1977: 287. Dendrodrilus rubidus – Perel 1979: 200. — Mršic 1991: 263. — Csuzdi & Pop 2008: 148. — Pop et al. 2012: 63. Bimastos rubidus – Csuzdi et al. 2017: 20. DISTRIBUTION. — Cosmopolitan species, European origin. HABITATS. — Mountain beech forests at nearly 1000 m of altitude. MATERIAL COLLECTED. — France • 1 adult specimen; Corse du Sud, Olivese (D26 road); 41°50’45”N, 9°4’55”E; 1051 m a.s.l.; 6.IV.2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg.; MNHN (BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0515)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Gérard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Rougerie, Rodolphe & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2022, An updated checklist and a DNA barcode library for the earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Oligochaeta) of Corsica, France, pp. 439-461 in Zoosystema 44 (17) on pages 449-450, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a17, http://zenodo.org/record/7145097, {"references":["SAVIGNY J. - C. 1826. - Analyses des travaux de l'Academie Royale des Sciences pendant l'annee 1821, partie physique, in CUVIER G. (ed.), Memoires de l'Academie des Sciences de l'Institut de France Paris 5: 176 - 184.","EISEN G. 1874. - New Englands och Canadas Lumbricides. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandligar Stockholm 31 (2): 41 - 49.","ORLEY L. 1881. - A Magyarorszagi Oligochaetak faunaja. I. Terricolae. Mathematikai es Termeszettudomanyok Korebol 16: 562 - 611.","ROSA D. 1884. - I lumbricidi dei Piemonte. Unione Tipografi co- Editrice, Torino: 54 p.","RIBAUCOURT E. DE 1896. - Etude sur la faune lombricide de la Suisse. Revue suisse de Zoologie 4: 1 - 110. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 35505","MICHAELSEN W. 1900. - Oligochaeta, in Das Tierreich, volume 10. R. Frielander and Sohn, Berlin, 575 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11605","TZELEPE N. D. 1943. - Greek symbols in Hungarian Lumbricidae (Oligochaeta). University of Athens, Dissertation University of Athens (in Romanian), 60 p.","POP V. V. 1949. - Lumbricids of Romania [Lumbricidele din Romania]. Analele Academiei Republicii Populare Romane 1 (9): 383 - 505 (in Romanian).","OMODEO P. 1956. - Contributo alla revisione dei Lumbricidae. Archivio Zoologico Italiano 41: 129 - 212.","MICHALIS K. 1977. - Die Oligochaetenfauna der Halbinsel von Athos (Chalkidiki). Scientific Annals, Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, University of Thessaloniki 17: 285 - 298.","PEREL T. S. 1979. - [Range and Regularities in the Distribution of Earthworms of the USSR Fauna]. Nauka, Moscow (in Russian), 272 p.","MRSIC N. 1991. - Monograph on Earthworms (Lumbricidae) of the Balkans. Akademija Znanosti Umetnosti, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 757 p.","CSUZDI C. & POP V. V. 2008. - New data on the earthworm fauna of the Maramures Mts (Eastern Carpathians, Romania) (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae). Studia Universitatis Vasile Goldis 18 (Suppl. 1): 145 - 152.","POP V. V., POP A. A. & CSUZDI C. 2012. - An annotated checklist of the Romanian earthworm fauna (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae). Zoology in the Middle East 4: 59 - 70. https: // doi-org. inee. bib. cnrs. fr / 10.1080 / 09397140.2012.10648985","CSUZDI C., CHANG C. - H., PAVLICEK T., SZEDERJESI T., ESOPI D. & SZLAVECZ K. 2017. - Molecular phylogeny and systematics of native North American lumbricid earthworms (Clitellata: Megadrili). PLoS ONE 12 (8): e 0181504. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0181504"]}

Cataladrilus porquerollensis March��n & Dec��ens sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: DE99E6A6-65EF-496A-AEAA-4F6FBAFA19CB Fig. 2, Table 3 and 16S (over diagonal). Diagnosis Specimens of Cataladrilus porquerollensis March��n & Dec��ens sp. nov. can be distinguished from the other known species of Cataladrilus by the position of the clitellum in segments (19)20���32,33(34) and tubercula pubertatis in segments (28)29���31 (Table 3). They resemble Cataladrilus (Latisinella) mrsici in the position of tubercula pubertatis and small body size, but differ in the position of the clitellum (22���32 in Ca. mrsici), two pairs of seminal vesicles (three in Ca. mrsici) and paired chaetae (separate in Ca. mrsici). Etymology The species name is derived from Porquerolles, the island where this species was found. Material examined Holotype FRANCE ��� adult; Provence-Alpes-C��te d���Azur, Var, Porquerolles Island; 42.9961�� N, 6.20393�� E [Locality 3 (PQR3) (Table 1)]; 14 Mar. 2018; T. Deca��ns, E. Lapied, M. Hedde and M. Zwicke leg.; olive grove; BOLD Sample ID: EW-PNPC-0098; UCMLT. Paratypes FRANCE ��� Provence-Alpes-C��te d���Azur ��� 10 specs; same collection data as for holotype; BOLD SampleID: EW-PNPC-0036, EW-PNPC-0037, EW-PNPC-0038, EW-PNPC-0039, EW-PNPC-0040, EW-PNPC-0096, EW-PNPC-0097, EW-PNPC-0099, EW-PNPC-0100, EW-PNPC-0268; UCMLT ��� 10 specs; same collection data as for holotype; BOLD SampleID: EW-PNPC-0041, EW-PNPC-0042, EW- PNPC-0043, EW-PNPC-0044, EW-PNPC-0045, EW-PNPC-0101, EW-PNPC-0102, EW-PNPC-0103, EW-PNPC-0104, EW-PNPC-0105; CEFE ��� 1 spec.; Var, Porquerolles Island; 42.9988�� N, 6.20025�� E [Locality 1 (PQR1) (Table 1)]; 14 Mar. 2018; T. Deca��ns, E. Lapied, M. Hedde and M. Zwicke leg.; meadow; BOLD SampleID: EW-PNPC-0173; CEFE ��� 6 specs; Var, Porquerolles Island; 42.9955�� N, 6.20609�� E [Locality 2 (PQR2) (Table 1)]; 14 Mar. 2018; T. Deca��ns, E. Lapied, M. Hedde and M. Zwicke leg.; vineyard; BOLD SampleID: EW-PNPC-0127, EW-PNPC-0128, EW-PNPC-0129, EW-PNPC-0130, EW-PNPC-0131, EW-PNPC-0132; UCMLT ��� 2 specs; same collection data as for preceding; BOLD SampleID: EW-PNPC-0133, EW-PNPC-0134; CEFE. Morphological description External morphology Body pigmentation absent in live specimens. White-beige homogeneous color in fixed specimens (Fig. 2). Average length 48 mm (41���51 mm, n= 5adults);diameter 2mm (1.8���2.2mm, n= 5adults);body cylindrical in cross-section; average number of segments 196 segments (166���239, n = 5 adults; 239 segments in the holotype). Average weight (alcohol fixed specimens): 0.14 g (0.12���0.17 g, n = 5 adults). Prostomium epilobous. Longitudinal furrows in first 2���3 segments. First dorsal pore at the intersegmental furrow 10/11���11/12. Nephridial pores aligned in b. Spermathecal pores at the intersegmental furrows 9/10, 10/ 11 in c. Male pores in segment 15, surrounded by a well-developed porophore. Female pores inconspicuous. Clitellum saddle-shaped in segments (19)20���32,33(34). Tubercula pubertatis in segments (28)29���31. Chaetae very small and closely paired, with interchaetal ratio aa: 9, ab: 1, bc: 3, cd: 1, dd: 7 at segment 40. Chaetophores/genital papillae in segments 11, 13. Internal anatomy Septa 5/6���9/10 thickened and muscular. Hearts in segments 6���11, oesophageal. Calciferous glands in segments 11���13, without clear diverticles or enlargements. Crop in segments 15���16, gizzard in segments 17���18. Typhlosole bifid with a small intermediate ridge of varying development. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels (not enclosed in testes sacs, but with sperm present) located ventrally in segments 10 and 11. Two pairs of small seminal vesicles in segments 11 and 12, with free seminal masses filling most of these segments. Ovaries and female funnels in segment 13, ovarian receptacles (ovisacs) in segment 14. Two pairs of globular, intracelomic spermathecae in segments 9 and 10 (intersegments 9/10, 10/11). Nephridial bladders U-shaped, reclinate in segments 14, 20. Distribution and ecology Cataladrilus porquerollensis March��n & Dec��ens sp. nov. is known from the island of Porquerolles in the Hy��res Archipelago, France. This species has been found in meadows, vineyards and olive groves, thus appears to inhabit moderately to highly anthropized habitats., Published as part of March��n, Daniel F., Deca��ns, Thibaud, D��az Cos��n, Dar��o J., Hedde, Micka��l, Lapied, Emmanuel & Dom��nguez, Jorge, 2020, French Mediterranean islands as a refuge of relic earthworm species: Cataladrilus porquerollensis sp. nov. and Scherotheca portcrosana sp. nov. (Crassiclitellata, Lumbricidae), pp. 1-22 in European Journal of Taxonomy 701 on pages 6-10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.701, http://zenodo.org/record/3988368, {"references":["Qiu J. P. & Bouche M. 1998 a. Revision du genre Prosellodrilus Bouche, 1972 (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae); description de 16 taxons nouveaux pour la science. Documents pedozoologiques et integrologiques 4 (5): 37 - 64.","Bouche M. B. 1972. Lombriciens de France. Ecologie et Systematique. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. Paris."]}

Scherotheca portcrosana Marchán & Decäens sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 663F18D2-A2EA-4B4E-8ED3-55A3FE5B7D57 Fig. 3, Table 4 Diagnosis Specimens of Scherotheca portcrosana Marchán & Decäens sp. nov. can be distinguished from other known species of Scherotheca by the position of the clitellum in segments 26–35 (½ 36) and tubercula pubertatis in segments 30–33, position of spermathecae in 12, 13 in addition to a smaller body size and faint pigmentation (Table 4). Etymology The species name is derived from Port-Cros, the island inhabited by this species. Material examined Holotype FRANCE • adult; Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, Var, Port-Cros Island; 43.0089º N, 6.41176º E [Locality 3 (PCR8) (Table 1)]; 13 Mar. 2018; T. Decaens, E. Lapied, M. Hedde and M. Zwicke leg.; meadow; BOLD Sample ID: EW-PNPC-0174; UCMLT. Paratypes FRANCE – Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur • 1 spec.; Var, Port-Cros Island; 43.0042º N, 6.39014º E [Locality 1 (PCR3) (Table 1)]; 13 Mar. 2018; T. Decaens, E. Lapied, M. Hedde and M. Zwicke leg.; evergreen oak forest; BOLD SampleID: EW-PNPC-0111; UCMLT • 5 specs; same collection data as for preceding; BOLD SampleID: EW-PNPC-0117, EW-PNPC-0119, EW-PNPC-0120, EW-PNPC-0121, EW-PNPC-0122; CEFE • 1 spec.; Var, Port-Cros Island; 43.0119º N, 6.39384º E [Locality 2 (PCR6) (Table 1)]; 13 Mar. 2018; T. Decaens, E. Lapied, M. Hedde and M. Zwicke leg.; mixed pine/evergreen oak forest; BOLD SampleID: EW-PNPC-0237; UCMLT • 1 spec.; same collection data as for preceding; BOLD SampleID: EW-PNPC-0242; CEFE. Morphological description External morphology Body pigmentation very faint brown-grey. White-beige with dorsal brownish mid-segment brown bands in fixed specimens (Fig. 3). Average length 80 mm (75–85 mm, n = 2 adults); average diameter 7 mm (6.9–7.1 mm, n = 3 adults); body cylindrical in cross-section; average number of segments 163 (160–166, n = 2 adults; 166 segments in the holotype). Average weight (fixed specimens): 2.13 g (1.89–2.36 g, n = 2 adults). Prostomium epilobous, closed. Longitudinal furrows in segments 1 and 2. First dorsal pore at intersegmental furrow 5/6. Nephridial pores “en solfège” (irregularly distributed). Spermathecal pores at intersegmental furrows 12/13 and 13/ 14 in c. Male pores in segment 15, surrounded by a well-developed porophore. Female pores on segment 14. Clitellum saddle-shaped in segments 26–35 (½ 36). Tubercula pubertatis in segments 30–33. Chaetae small and closely paired, with interchaetal ratio aa: 8, ab: 1, bc: 3.5, cd: 1, dd: 18 at segment 40. Chaetophores/genital papillae in segments 11, 12, 14, 27, 29 and 34–38. Internal anatomy Septa 5/6–10/11 thickened and muscular. Hearts in segments 6–11, oesophageal. Calciferous glands in segments 10–14, with diverticula in segment 10. Crop in segments 15–16, gizzard in segments 17–19. Typhlosole pinnate. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels (not enclosed in testes sacs, but with sperm present) located ventrally in segments 10 and 11. Four pairs of reniform seminal vesicles in segments 9, 10, 11 and 12, with the latter two pairs being larger. Ovaries and female funnels in segment 13, ovarian receptacles (ovisacs) in segment 14. Two pairs of small globular spermathecae in segments 12 and 13 (intersegments 12/13, 13/14). Nephridial bladders U-shaped, reclinate in segment 30. Distribution and ecology Scherotheca portcrosana Marchán & Decäens sp. nov. is known from the island of Port-Cros in the Hyères Archipelago, France. This species has been found in meadows, pine and evergreen oak forests, thus appears to have a preference for natural habitats.