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Abstract This study provides an analysis of the 'investigative turn' in England by comparing two large cohorts of children, one whose fifth birthday was in 2011–12 and the other in 2016–17. It shows a 35% increase in children investigated before their fifth birthday to a rate of one in every 16 children in 2017. Investigations were less likely to lead to a child protection plan and there was a 60% increase in children facing the collateral damage of an unfounded investigation. Where it was deemed necessary to respond to child protection concerns with a plan of action concerns were focussed less on immediate safety and more on the long-term effects of neglect or emotional harm caused by a range of family related problems. The rate of children separated from their parents at the age of five had substantially increased and there were wide variations in adoption and child protection trends between local authorities. The study shows that the chances of a family receiving support or being split up are determined by national and local policies, resources and a growing culture of child rescue responses to family difficulties. Highlights • There was an increase of over 35% in the rate of children adopted or investigated for child protection concerns before the age of five in 2016–17 compared to 2011–12 • There was a 60% increase in rate of children subject of unfounded child protection investigation in 2016–17 compared to 2011–12 • 1 in every 16 children was investigated before the age of 5 and 1 in every 38 children had an unfounded investigation • The rate of five-year-old children separated from parents almost doubled since 2000 when the numbers in care, adoption and special guardianship are combined • Where adoption increased the most there was a larger than average increase in involvement in child protection at all levels [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a Freedom of Information request with data from 75 per cent of all English children's services departments covering over half a million children, this paper shows that 22.5 per cent of children born in the 2009-10 financial year were referred to children's social care before their fifth birthday. Three-quarters of them were at some point assessed, almost two-thirds found to be in need and a quarter formally investigated. These findings show the full extent of children's involvement in children's social care before the age of five. One in every nine children born in 2009-10 was suspected by social workers of being abused and this high level of involvement is only justifiable if it is demonstrably reducing harm and promoting well-being of children-- an outcome which is contested. Early Help's introduction was associated with high proportions of children being referred and assessed and rapidly increasing numbers of investigations, thus questioning its ability to prevent entry to the child protection system. The paper calls for a change from the current emphasis on individualised and investigative approaches to child protection in order to provide an effective and humane response to children, the majority of whom live in families affected by high levels of deprivation and poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This studyofmanagement informationprovidesdataonall reports, investigations andfindings of maltreatment of children inWestern Australia from their birth in 1990 or 1991 until their eighteenth birthday. It provides prevalence rates of children being reported, investigated and found to have beenmaltreated. A study of more recent cohorts shows trends in recent years. A key finding is that over 13 per cent of all children born in 1990 and 1991 were reported before reaching the age of eighteen, although 71 per cent of them were not found to have beenmaltreated. International data suggest this rate of one in eight children being reportedmay be equalled or exceeded in countrieswith anAnglo-American forensic child protection system. Therewas also a disturbing increase in reports of Aboriginals andTorres Strait Islanders in recent cohortswithanestimatethatalmosthalfof thoseborn in 2004 had been reported before their fifth birthday. These findings add further evidence to the need for socialwork to address and severely limit investigative approaches. In this way, social workers will provide support rather than continuing practices involving high rates of surveillance and a focus on parental blame. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social Work Practices (SWPs) were established in England in 2009 to deliver social work services to looked after children and care leavers. The introduction of independent social work-led organisations generated controversy focused on issues such as the privatisation of children's services and social workers' conditions of employment. This paper reports early findings from the evaluation of four of these pilots, drawing on interviews with children and young people, staff, and local authority and national stakeholders. The SWPs assumed a variety of organisational forms. The procurement process was demanding, with protracted negotiations over matters such as budgetary control and providing a round-the-clock service. Start-up was facilitated by an established relationship between the SWP provider and the local authority. Once operational, SWPs continued to rely on local authorities for various functions; in most cases, local authorities retained control of placement budgets. Levels of consultation and choice offered to children and young people regarding the move to an SWP varied considerably. Children's understanding about SWPs was generally low except in the pilot where most children retained their original social worker. These early findings show some dilution of the original SWP model, while the pilots' diversity allows the benefits of particular models to emerge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents at study that investigates the stress levels of home care and social work employees in Great Britain. It states the three-year longitudinal control evaluation used by researchers to examine the changes on Maslach burnout numbers and the Karasek demand-control scheme. Moreover, the results of the evaluation are also stated.