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Precise control of DNA‐circuit functions facilitates the construction of complex DNA networks to perform sophisticated functions. Inspired by optochemical genetics with high precision for controlling and studying neural networks by photoregulation of membrane receptors, we herein report optochemically controlled DNA switching circuits for regulating computation functions. The DNA‐switching circuits involve a CG–C+ triplex‐based DNA switch that undergoes structural transition from triplex to duplex states after exposure to UV irradiation due to proton transfer, showing optochemical control. We demonstrate that the DNA‐switching circuits enable the regulation of computation functions by optochemical control of the state of the DNA switch, including multiple logic computations and probabilistic computation. We hope this work will broaden DNA‐circuit functions and facilitate the construction of complex DNA networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the past decade, DNA computing has been rapidly developed and made continuous progress. Based on typical DNA functional motifs, DNA computational devices can perform diverse powerful computational functions, such as simple Boolean logics and sophisticated neural network algorithms. Thus, DNA computer is widely regarded as one of the most excellent next-generation molecular computers performing Boolean logic. Benefiting from DNAs' inherent properties of biocompatibility, low-cost, ease of synthesis, and sequence programmability, DNA computational devices have shown great potential in various biosensing applications. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in DNA computational devices-based biosensors. Initially, DNA logic circuit-based in vitro biosensing is outlined. Afterwards, the DNA neural network-based in vitro biosensing is reviewed. Further, employing DNA logical circuits for in vivo biosensing and programming cell behaviors is also elaborated. Finally, we discuss future challenges and offer some insights on potential directions of DNA computational device-based smart biosensors. • DNA logic circuit for in vitro biosensing.. • DNA neural network for in vitro biosensing. • DNA logical circuits for in vivo biosensing and programming cell behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Titelbild: Optochemical Control of DNA-Switching Circuits for Logic and Probabilistic Computation (Angew. Keywords: chemical reaction networks; DNA circuits; DNA switches; logic computations; probabilistic computations EN chemical reaction networks DNA circuits DNA switches logic computations probabilistic computations 3353 3353 1 02/10/21 20210215 NES 210215 B Ein molekularer Computer b aus optochemischen DNA-Schaltkreisen wurde entwickelt, der digitale Rechenoperationen einschließlich Boolescher Logik (dargestellt durch 0 und 1) und Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnungen (dargestellt durch die Würfel), ausführen kann. Chemical reaction networks, DNA circuits, DNA switches, logic computations, probabilistic computations. [Extracted from the article]