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This paper proposes a novel stochastic planning model for AC-DC hybrid distribution systems (DSs). Taking into account the possibility of each line/bus being AC or DC, the model finds the optimal AC-DC hybrid configuration of buses and lines in the DS. It incorporates consideration of the stochastic behavior of load demands and renewable-based distributed generators (DGs). The stochastic variations are addressed using a Monte-Carlo simulation technique. The objective of the planning model is the minimization of DS installation and operation costs. The optimal planning solution is obtained by dividing the hybrid planning problem into two nested optimization problems: 1) the main problem is formulated using a genetic algorithm (GA) to search for the optimal AC-DC configuration and 2) the subproblem is used for determining the optimal power flow solution for each configuration generated by the GA. The proposed model has been employed for finding the optimal configuration for a suggested case study that included photovoltaic panels, wind-based DG, and electric vehicle charging stations. The same case study was also solved using a traditional AC planning technique in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model and the associated cost-savings. The results demonstrate the advantages offered by the proposed model. The proposed framework represents an effective technique that can be used by DS operators to identify the optimal AC-DC network configuration of future DSs. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper proposes a unified load flow (LF) model for AC–DC hybrid distribution systems (DSs). The proposed model can be applied in hybrid DSs with mixed configurations for AC/DC buses and AC/DC lines. A new classification of DS buses is also introduced for LF analysis. A set of generic LF equations has been derived based on comprehensive analysis of the possible AC–DC hybrid system configurations. Three binary matrices, which are used as a means of describing the configuration of the AC and DC buses and lines, have been employed in the construction of the unified power equations. These matrices enable a single configuration at a time to be activated in the power equations. The proposed LF model is generic and can be used for both grid-connected and isolated hybrid DSs. The new model has been tested using several case studies of hybrid DSs that include different operational modes for the AC and DC distributed generators. As a means of evaluating the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model, the LF solution was compared to the solution produced by PSCAD/EMTDC. A comparison of the results reveals the efficacy of the proposed model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]