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Creation of liposomal forms of curcumin (diferuloilmetane) was investegated in the work. The methods of preparation and determination of the obtained liposomes sizes and percentage of curcumin in liposomes are given. Soybean phospholipids, egg yolk phospholipids and sunflower phospholipids were selected for preparation of “empty” liposomes and liposomes loaded curcumin: C-SPC-L (curcumin encapsulated in SPC liposomes), C-EPC-L (curcumin encapsulated in EPC liposomes) and C-SFPC-L (curcumin encapsulated in liposomes SFPC). Physical properties of different liposomes such as average size (Dl) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) were studed. Using photon correlation spectroscopy, the average size of three types of curcumin-loaded liposomes were found as Dl = 111 ± 3 nm for C-SPC-L, Dl = 98 ± 5 nm for C-EPC-L and Dl = 109 ± 5 nm for C-SFPC-L. Encapsulation efficiency showed the following values: EEC-SPC-L = 83 ± 4%, EEC-EPC-L = 82 ± 3%, and EEC-SFPC-L = 85 ± 4%. We determined that by using the methods of freezing and thawing or sonication it was possible to isolate liposomes sized in the range 100– 120 nm. Upon that the obtained liposomal form of curcumin was stable and freeze-thaw method was optimal for liposomal form and provides a relatively high level (more than 80%) of curcumin inclusion.

Phospholipids play an important physiological role being components of biologically active membranes of animals and humans nerve cells. Identification of phospholipids while they are being separated through high performance liquid chromatography method is usually carried out by absorption in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum or refractometrically. Phospholipids can be subjected to separating both in native form, and in the form of derivatives. Unmodified phospholipids can be detected by absorption at a wavelength of 205 nm. The conditions of separation of sunflower phospholipids are defined owing to the method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with detection in UV range, and the method of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidyl inositol determination through quantitative test have been developed. It was done under normal phase mode and according to external standards and the order of their release. Phospholipid composition of sunflower lecithin has been identified, and phospholipid fatty acid composition through the method of tandem mass spectrometry has been determined. The presence of antioxidant a-tocopherol has been determined in liposomes composition, which manifests a condition for maintaining stability of liposomal substance. Membrane-protecting effect of a-tocopherol is associated with its participation in arrangement of the membrane structure through direct interaction of its side isodental chain with polyunsaturated fatty acids of phospholipids, which leads to denser packaging of mitochondrial membranes and the rise of increased resistance to lipid peroxygenation process effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was the investigation of curcumin liposome form effect on angiotensinconverting enzyme activity, cytokines and mnestic features of rats with experimental model of Alzheimer's disease. In the animals with intrahippocampal injection of AP42_Human, nasal therapy with curcumin liposome form was used. Cytokine concentration and angiotensin converting enzyme activity in brain regions (cerebral cortex and hippocampus) and in blood serum as well as indicators of conditioned avoidance response were registered. It was found that as a result of curcumin therapy the rats with Alzheimer's disease had suppressed cytokine and angiotensin converting enzyme activities and recovered mnestic indices. Nasal therapy with curcumin liposome form gave reduction of angiotensin-converting enzyme activity and anti-cytokine effect in the target regions of the brain (cerebral cortex and hippocampus), which helped the rats mnestic features and memory recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liposomes are hollow particles which content is limited to a lipid membrane. They belong to a large family of vesicular (bubble) structures formed by amphiphilic molecules. Liposomes consisting of one or more phospholipid bilayers were first described in the mid 60s. In a relatively short period liposomes transformed from a simple model that mimics the cell membrane into the object of active research and variety of practical applications. Currently a large number of laboratory techniques create liposomes and relatively small number of technologies used in the industry are available. However, most of ones have limitations in conditions of the biologically active substances inclusion in liposomes due to their sensitivity to mechanical and/or chemical damage. In reviews the liposomes structure, properties and methods for creating and scaling in industrial production are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liposomal form of adenosine-5-triphosphate (ATP) for oral applying was studied. The methods of obtaining and determining the size of the liposomes, the definition of ATP percentage content in liposomes were proposed. The effect of liposomal form of ATP on physical performance of laboratory animals by swimming to the limit of exhaustion was studied. It was shown that using of the liposomal form as compared with free ATP (in a similar dose) promoted the increased efficiency of laboratory animals. Application of liposomal form occurring at single administration for 6 days at a dose of 30 mg/kg facilated a 62% increase of efficiency, and 60 mg/kg did 76%, while consumption of liposomal form of ATP for 12 days did 64% and 93%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]