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We studied the influence of a natural plant growth regulator Ribav-Extra and ions of heavy metals (HM) Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+ on the physiological and biochemical indices of the winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ) cultivar ‘Mironovskaya 808’. The seeds of wheat were treated with Ribav-Extra (10 ppm) and grown for 7 days on heavy metal salt solutions (10 μM or 1 mM). After that we recorded heavy metals accumulation, growth, generation of superoxide anion (•O2−), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APOX) activity. It was found that 1 mM of HM in growth media increased heavy metals accumulation in wheat plants and inhibited the growth of roots and shoots. Both low and high concentrations of heavy metals stimulated •O2− production and oxidative damage in wheat seedlings. In most treatments, the toxic effect of heavy metals enhanced at higher concentration of metals. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Ribav-Extra decreased the negative impact of heavy metals by reducing oxidative stress which led to suppressed •O2− generation, lipid peroxidation intensity and catalase activity. This suggests that the wheat plants, whose seeds had been treated with Ribav-Extra, were more heavy metal-resistant than the untreated ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Electromagnetic irradiation with extremely high frequencies (EHF EMI) and low intensity affects living organisms of a different level of organization, but the mechanism(s) of its influence is still not understood well. This study was undertaken to examine the effects of EHF EMI on tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO) of whole body exposure rats. Material and methods. Male Wistar rats were selected for this study. The animals were divided into two groups: sham exposed and experimental. The rats were exposed to the EMI of 42.2 and 50.3 GHz frequencies (power density 0.06 mW/cm2) for 20 min/ day, for five days. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) as the final product of the LPO was estimated in brain, liver, heart, and skeletal muscle of rats. Results. Treatment with EMI induced oxidative stress in different organs of the rats, which was indicated by the changes of MDA level depending on the EMI frequency used and exposure duration. The MDA rate shows significant increase in brain (P < 0.001) depending on the treatment duration for both EMI frequencies used. The slightly elevated levels of MDA in the liver were observed among rats in 50.3 GHz frequency EMI-exposed group. Concerning the skeletal muscle and especially the cardiac tissue, the MDA values remained at the same levels in experimental and control groups and did not differ significantly. Conclusions. The EHF EMI applied in the multiple mode significantly enhanced the lipid peroxidation level in the brain and slightly increased the same parameter in liver. The obtained data indicate possible health implications of such exposures, which may cause damage in brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the influence of Cd on the reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation in liver and in red blood cells of mice. Experiments were done on outbred white laboratory mice using intraperitoneal injections of CdCl2 solution (14 μmol Cd/kg body mass). The exposure-time was 2 h, 8 h, 24 h and 14 days. GSH was measured by reaction with 5,5'-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) to give a compound that absorbs 412 nm light wavelength. Lipid peroxides were estimated by measuring thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances and were expressed as malondialdehyde (MDA). Our results indicate that at the 8th h the content of GSH in mice liver significantly increased by 35%, meanwhile in red blood cells the content of GSH exceeded the control level at the 2nd h, 8th h and 24th h by 19%, 35% and 18%, respectively. After 14 days of injections of CdCl2 solution the content of GSH in liver and in red blood cells of mice decreased by 32% and 29% respectively, compared to the control group of mice. Further experiments were carried out in order to examine the influence of Cd ions on the content of MDA in liver and in red blood cells of mice after 2 h, 8 h, 24 h and 14 days of injections of CdCl2 solution. The results indicate that at the 8th h and 24th h MDA content in mice liver was significantly increased by 236% and 118%, respectively. Meanwhile MDA content in mice red blood cells in all time points was at the control level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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