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Systemic Linguistics by Gennadii P. Melnikov, representing the interaction of linguistics and philosophy, is a system of established scholarly knowledge. An evidence-based system of knowledge that rationally certifies Melnikov's results is reflected, in particular, in the systemic typology of languages as a subfield of systemic linguistics. Like systemic linguistics in general, systemic typology of languages has not yet been sufficiently subjected to scholarly reflection. The goal of the article is to expand the scholarly discourse on the systemic approach to language. The authors focus their attention on the explanatory potential of systemic linguistics in the study of the features of thought expression in the agglutinative Kazakh language and the problem of its conveyance by means of the inflectional Russian language. The data were obtained from everyday communication, the Kazakh-Russian dictionary (2008), samples from the Kazakh-language works by Auezov, Shakhanov, Korgasbek, Suleimenov among others, and their translations into Russian. The article aims to reveal the features of dividing sense into meanings in typologically different languages. The findings substantiated and verified the provision that in typologically different languages the division of sense into meanings differs and, depending on a meaning, may be expressed by a one-word nomination or cognomination. The study has revealed the ability of an inflectional language to convey the static character of an agglutinative language and to transform this staticity into eventfulness, depending on the purpose of communication. Thus, the research has proved that the same mental content is conveyed by different means developed in languages of different morphological types.

The article describes disputes about current issues of the modern scientific paradigm from the standpoint of systemic linguistics, whose powerful explanatory potential remains beyond the scope of the mass trends of linguistic science, and the formulation of new scientific issues as a result of a fruitful extrapolation of the systemic approach to the fields of philology that are not considered by the founders of systemic linguistics. In the first part of the article we considered differences in understanding the object, subject and method in Russian and foreign cognitive linguistics, leading to the loss of the international nature of linguistics, discussion of extremely painful issues for the Russian cognitive science about the cognitive futility of the term concept and the application of the cognitive approach in the study of discourse and text, violation of the continuity between the highest achievements of Russian and foreign scientific thought and the popular modern areas of linguistic research. Further in the article, the standpoint of a systemic typology is applied to the active processes of modern Russian speech. In the light of the approach taken, the facts that seem disparate from the standpoint of the culture of speech, from the standpoint of the systemic typology of languages, appear interconnected and determined by a general tendency - the deformation of the morphological type of the Russian language in the direction of the destruction of inflectivity. The result of the observed typological changes is the reduction in the possibility transfer highly intellectual meanings. An explanation of the principles of the organization of poetic speech in relation to the systemic typology of languages is an example how successfully S.Yu. Preobrazhensky applied the theory of the founder of modern systemic linguistics in the field which is far from interests of G.P. Melnikov. If the coincidence of the boundaries of the verse with the boundaries of the phrase within the sentence means the prevalence of the natural, that is, characteristic of the type of natural language in which the poem is written, principle of division, then the mismatch of boundaries speaks of a poetic technique that seeks to emphasize that the poetic statement is called upon to perform special communicative tasks leading to reconfiguring poetic syntax to other types of languages. The prospects of updating the systemic approach in modern semantic studies of grammar and vocabulary are discussed in the fourth and final part. The obtained results, which are set out in the article become the evidence base of the high potential for using the achievements of systemic linguistics in modern research practices.

The article analyzes the features of the manifestation of the category of the authors image in the work of V.O. Klyuchevskys Russian History on the example of the characteristics of the reign of the outstanding Russian monarch - Peter I, whose reign, which dramatically changed the progressive development of Russian life, had an extremely contradictory influence on the fate of the Russian Empire until its collapse in 1917. The purpose of the work is to prove that the interpretation of the text from the standpoint of the category of the authors image, as a supercategory serving as the organizing principle and focus of the essence of the text, reveals the internal unity of the text, not only artistic but also scientific, especially as complex and non-trivial as V.O. Klyuchevsky, possessing the highest cognitive, ethical and aesthetic value. In the course of the study, as a result of correlation of the authors self with the content being introduced and the establishment of the principle of selecting facts exposed in the book by V.O. Klyuchevsky analysis, the scientific method that is not directly formulated in the historians work is explicated, which allows reconstructing the authors image as the image of a researcher. Observation of the features of the linear development of the text makes it possible to discover ways of reinforcing meanings, to assess the degree of their fixation, and therefore, to actualize, derive fixed meanings, establish their general meaningful orientation and, on this basis, reconstruct the value-ethical side of the authors image. Extrapolation of the concept of the image of the author, developed by V.V. Vinogradov for a systematic analysis of a literary text, designed to establish the features of each conditionally distinguished level of the text and the principle of matching all levels with each other, into scientific texts can significantly expand our understanding of the scope of application of systematic methods of analysis.

The authors of the article discuss the possible ways to analyze the facts of mass modern Russian speech, which are traditionally considered from a normative-didactic point of view, from the standpoint of systemic linguistics, that is, applying analysis of the relationship between the determinants of a language of a certain morphological type and particular phenomena at all levels of linguistic structure. Such facts include, for example, violation of case coordination, use of nominative case instead of indirect, occurrence of the plural in abstract nouns outside the formation of concrete figurative meanings, incorrect usage of verb voice forms, luck of correlation between subject and verbal participle, lack of correlation of wordorder structure of a sentence to the communicative (thematic-rhematic) structure of an utterance, the misuse of synonyms, etc. The method of determinant analysis of languages developed within the framework of a systemic typology allow researchers to identify the tendency to break down inflectional connections between words at a formal and substantive level, which is surely fixed in modern Russian, and increase the analytical methods of constructing a phrase. The deformation of the inflection of the Russian language, caused by the growth of the national, social and cultural heterogeneity of the linguistic group, while retaining such parameters of the external determinant that determine the inflectional grammatical type, like the scale of the linguistic collective and the mode of communication, not only makes it difficult to express complex meanings, but also makes them ultimately account unclaimed in society, reducing the continuity in the transfer of socially significant experience. The authors focus on such problems as comparing the typological standard of inflectional languages and characteristics of the grammatical system of the Russian language, the correspondence of the accepted literary norm to the typological ideal, the correspondence of mass speech practice with the literary norm, the factors changing the frequency of grammatical forms, the interaction of external and internal determinants of the modern Russian language. The theoretical basis of the article was developed in the second half of the 20th century, but still not widely known in linguistics the systemic linguistic concept of Professor Gennady Prokop'evich Mel’nikov, which revealed large prospective for the synthesis of special linguistic disciplines, as well as linguistics, semiotics and computer science.

SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP “GENERAL AND SPECIFIC METHODOLOGY OF PHILOLOGY” Moscow, RUDN University, April, 3—8, 2017