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In semi-arid weather countries, the public works as dams are silted in a short time. Our study contributes to make the life work of a dam longer. Our idea is to develop a process using the material extracted by dredging, as first matter to product hydraulic cement. The various physical, chemical and mineralogical analyses carried out on the silt samples showed mineralogical structures allowing several routes of development. We are interested in the very fine solid particles carried by erosion and deposited downstream of the dam. This material has caused many environmental problems after it’s extracted of. In fact, the crystalline structure of the amorphous clay fraction of this silt reacts with water in the presence of lime, as hydraulic cement. Experimentally, silt samples were calcimined at a temperature less than 800 °C, and an amorphous structure appeared. The desired pozzolanic character was therefore confirmed.