1. Carbon/C3N4 heterostructures constructed from lignin toward enhanced lithium-ion storage.
- Author
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Yang, Shunsheng, Zhong, Lei, Lin, Zehua, Zhang, Zejie, Liu, Qiyu, Zhang, Wenli, and Qiu, Xueqing
- Subjects
LIGNINS ,ACTIVATION energy ,HETEROSTRUCTURES ,ENERGY storage ,AMORPHOUS carbon ,LIGNIN structure ,MELAMINE ,GRAPHITE ,ELECTROCHEMICAL electrodes - Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in portable energy storage. The capacity of commercial graphite is difficult to improve due to the stoichiometry limit of LiC
6 of graphite, thus new anodes need to be developed to meet the demand of high-energy–density LIB. The growing interest in graphitized carbon nitride (g-C3 N4 ) stems from its structural resemblance to graphite and its capacity to offer abundant adsorption and intercalation sites. However, g-C3 N4 , as a semiconductor, has a low lithium transfer rate due to its poor conductivity and high diffusion resistance. Improving the electron transport rate of g-C3 N4 and reducing the adsorption energy barrier of Li+ in g-C3 N4 are the keys to improving the electrochemical performances of g-C3 N4 . In this study, lignin and melamine were homogeneously mixed using the spray drying method, followed by the preparation of covalently bonded C3 N4 /LC material through a one-step carbonization process. The uniform dispersion of g-C3 N4 in amorphous carbon can improve the conductivity and reduce the diffusion energy barrier of Li+ . As a result, the C3 N4 /LC-x anode has better electrochemical behavior, including higher reversible capacity, better rate performance, and cycle stability. Highlights: • The covalently bonded C3 N4 /LC-x material was prepared through a one-step carbonization method. • The uniform dispersion of g-C3 N4 in amorphous carbon could improve the electronic conductivity and reduce the diffusion energy barrier of Li+ ions. • C3 N4 /LC-2 showed high reversible capacity, ideal rate performance, and cycle life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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