10 results on '"Descarga atmosférica"'
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2. Modelagem e posicionamento de para-raios em redes subterrâneas de parques eólicos conectadas a redes aéreas utilizando o ATP
- Author
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Lucas Silveira Marroques, Chaves, Marcelo Lynce Ribeiro, Guimarães, Geraldo Caixeta, Moraes, Adelio Jose de, and Caixeta, Daniel Araújo
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ATP ,Modeling of surge arresters ,Para-raios ,Sobretensões ,ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA ELETRICA [CNPQ] ,Modelagem de para-raios ,Energia eólica ,Lightning ,Wind generation ,Overvoltages ,Descarga atmosférica ,Geração eólica - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior The main objective of this work is to analyze the protection against the occurrence of overvoltages in a wind system connected to the overhead network. Several discussions that deserve merit arise at this scenario. The first point is the literature on the characteristics and methods of application of the surge arrester. Once done, the useful features and an implementation method for this protection can be defined. The second point is regards to the modeling of the arrester. Since this is a problem of electromagnetic transient, the simulation will be realized in a software developed at time domain, the chosen interface is the ATPDraw, from ATP. The model of the arrester must include dynamic behavior for rapid surge. This definition already takes into account that the greatest possible overvoltage that occurs on a system arises from a direct lightning stroke. The third point is concerned to the modeling of the remaining system equipments which must conform to the simulation of lightning. To get the correct model for arresters, firstly it must be defined what type of non-linear branch to be used within existing ATP models. Then, the correct values that define the operation of the arrester has to be found. This is accomplished through the use of a model varying with frequency. The main models are compared to decide the most suitable for the operation. After the model was defined, a base case is simulated to apply the appropriate arrester model for fast surges. Protection is correctly allocated to ensure an adequate overvoltage for the system equipment, cables, transformers and generators. Finally, the key points of the work are described and highlighted the contributions and the interesting aspects for future works. O objetivo principal desse trabalho é desenvolver o modelo da proteção contra o surgimento de sobretensões em sistemas eólicos ligados à rede aérea. Diversas discussões que merecem mérito surgem nesse cenário. A primeira questão é o levantamento de uma literatura sobre as características e métodos de aplicação dos para-raios. Então, se descrimina as características úteis e define um método de aplicação para fazer essa proteção. A segunda questão é quanto à modelagem do para-raios. Como se trata de um problema de transitórios eletromagnéticos, a simulação será realizada em um software desenvolvido no domínio do tempo, a interface escolhida é o ATPDraw do software ATP. O modelo do para-raios deve incluir o comportamento dinâmico que ele apresenta frente a surtos rápidos. Tal definição já leva em consideração que a maior sobretensão possível de ocorrer em um sistema advém de uma descarga atmosférica direta. A terceira questão é quanto à modelagem dos demais equipamentos do sistema, as quais devem se adequar à simulação de surtos atmosféricos. Para obter o modelo correto do para-raios primeiramente deve-se definir qual o tipo de ramo não linear a se utilizar entre os existentes no software ATP. Em seguida, deve-se encontrar os valores corretos da curva característica do para-raios que define o seu comportamento. Esses valores são obtidos através do uso de um modelo variável com a frequência. Os principais modelos são comparados para decidir qual o mais apropriado para a operação. Definido o modelo, um caso base é simulado para aplicar o modelo de para-raios próprio para surtos rápidos. A proteção é alocada corretamente garantindo um nível adequado de sobretensão para os equipamentos do sistema, os cabos, os transformadores e os geradores. Finalmente, são descritos os pontos principais do trabalho destacando as contribuições feitas e aspectos de interesse para trabalho futuros. Mestre em Ciências
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Proposal for an automatic system correlation between failures on electrical distribution lines and atmospheric lightning discharges.
- Author
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Henao-Céspedes, V., Cano-Plata, E. A., and Díaz-Cadavid, L. F.
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LIGHTNING ,ELECTRIC power failures ,STATISTICAL correlation ,ENTROPY ,DECISION theory - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ingeniería e Investigación is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ingenieraia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
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4. Selección y Espaciamiento de Apartarrayos en Líneas de Distribución de 23 kV de la Zona Centro
- Author
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F. Aquino-Roblero, D. Martínez-Martínez, J. Chillopa-Linares, L. Cisneros-Villalobos, and Margarita Tecpoyotl-Torres
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Engineering ,Science (General) ,Science ,Magnitude (mathematics) ,Social Sciences ,Lightning arrester ,apartarrayos ,law.invention ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,Q1-390 ,sistema de distribución ,law ,descarga atmosférica ,Traveling wave ,Apartarrayos ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,lcsh:Science ,lcsh:Science (General) ,liniero ,H1-99 ,Surge arrester ,business.industry ,Electrical engineering ,Lightning ,Line (electrical engineering) ,Multidisciplinaria (Ciencias Naturales y Exactas) ,Social sciences (General) ,ATP ,lcsh:H ,Capacitor ,espaciamiento ,lcsh:Q ,lcsh:H1-99 ,business ,Short circuit ,lcsh:Q1-390 - Abstract
En este artículo se analiza una red de distribución urbana de 23 kV típica de la zona central de México. El objetivo es determinar la distancia máxima de separación entre apartarrayos de línea que permita reducir las salidas de los circuitos de distribución por descargas atmosféricas directas e indirectas. Con base en las características eléctricas, ambientales, ceráunicas y geográficas de la zona, niveles de cortocircuito y las sobretensiones provocadas por maniobras rutinarias, se selecciona el apartarrayos siempre con el principal objetivo de determinar su espaciamiento adecuado sobre la línea para que éste funcione apropiadamente. La investigación se lleva a cabo con la ayuda del software llamado Alternative Transients Program (ATP) donde se realiza el cálculo de los parámetros de la línea utilizando el modelo de K.C. Lee, las sobretensiones transitorias por onda viajera y por conexión de capacitores también son simuladas. La motivación de este trabajo consiste principalmente en contar con un mayor sustento teórico y técnico (actualmente escueto) para determinar el espaciamiento entre apartarrayos de la red de distribución considerada y así aumentar la calidad del suministro eléctrico de la zona.
- Published
- 2015
5. Proposal for an automatic system correlation between failures on electrical distribution lines and atmospheric lightning discharges
- Author
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Henao-Céspedes, V, Cano-Plata, E.A, and Díaz-Cadavid, L.F
- Subjects
failures in distribution lines ,correlación ,correlation ,method of entropy ,toma de decisiones ,fallas en líneas de distribución ,método entrópico ,Lightning ,decision making ,Descarga atmosférica - Abstract
This paper presents a proposal for the development of an automatic system correlation between two variables, one represented by the failures on the electrical distribution lines during a storm process and another one represented by atmospheric discharges (lightning) that happen in this process. Initially, in order to define if the failure is caused directly or indirectly by an electrical impact generated by lightning, a space-time correlation is proposed. With the obtained data a decision matrix is proposed, using an entropy method to assign weights to the failures in order to determine its severity and therefore its priority of attention. On the other hand, taking into account that the time window of observation is perhaps the most relevant parameter in the proposed correlation system, this article shows part of a simulation proposed for its calculation as well as the mathematical bases that were used as a support for it. El presente artículo plantea una propuesta para el desarrollo de un sistema automático de correlación entre dos variables, una representada por las fallas acaecidas en las líneas de distribución eléctrica en un proceso de tormenta y otra representada por las descargas atmosféricas (rayos) presentadas en dicho proceso. Inicialmente, para definir si la falla es causada directa o indirectamente por un impacto eléctrico generado por un rayo, se propone una correlación espacio-temporal. Con los datos obtenidos se propone elaborar una matriz de decisión usando, a su vez, un método de entropía para asignar pesos a las fallas con el fin de determinar su gravedad y por lo tanto su prioridad de atención. Por otro lado, considerando que la ventana de tiempo de observación es quizás el parámetro más relevante en el sistema de correlación propuesto, el artículo muestra parte de una simulación planteada para su cálculo, así como las bases matemáticas utilizadas como soporte de esta simulación.
- Published
- 2015
6. Proposal for an automatic system correlation between failures on electrical distribution lines and atmospheric lightning discharges
- Author
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Vladimir Henao Céspedes, Eduardo Antonio Cano Plata, and Luis Fernando Díaz Cadavid
- Subjects
toma de decisiones ,failures in distribution lines ,correlación ,Lightning ,decision making ,Descarga atmosférica ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,62 Ingeniería y operaciones afines / Engineering ,correlation ,method of entropy ,fallas en líneas de distribución ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,método entrópico - Abstract
This paper presents a proposal for the development of an automatic system correlation between two variables, one represented by the failures on the electrical distribution lines during a storm process and another one represented by atmospheric discharges (lightning) that happen in this process. Initially, in order to define if the failure is caused directly or indirectly by an electrical impact generated by lightning, a space-time correlation is proposed. With the obtained data a decision matrix is proposed, using an entropy method to assign weights to the failures in order to determine its severity and therefore its priority of attention. On the other hand, taking into account that the time window of observation is perhaps the most relevant parameter in the proposed correlation system, this article shows part of a simulation proposed for its calculation as well as the mathematical bases that were used as a support for it. El presente artículo plantea una propuesta para el desarrollo de un sistema automático de correlación entre dos variables, una representada por las fallas acaecidas en las líneas de distribución eléctrica en un proceso de tormenta y otra representada por las descargas atmosféricas (rayos) presentadas en dicho proceso. Inicialmente, para definir si la falla es causada directa o indirectamente por un impacto eléctrico generado por un rayo, se propone una correlación espacio-temporal. Con los datos obtenidos se propone elaborar una matriz de decisión usando, a su vez, un método de entropía para asignar pesos a las fallas con el fin de determinar su gravedad y por lo tanto su prioridad de atención. Por otro lado, considerando que la ventana de tiempo de observación es quizás el parámetro más relevante en el sistema de correlación propuesto, el artículo muestra parte de una simulación planteada para su cálculo, así como las bases matemáticas utilizadas como soporte de esta simulación.
- Published
- 2015
7. High frequency input impedance modeling of low-voltage residential installations - influence on lightning overvoltage simulations results
- Author
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Welson Bassi
- Subjects
Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,Research ,Electrical engineering ,Power distribution lines ,Input impedance ,Power distribution ,Lightning ,Overvoltage ,Low-voltage ,Power system transients ,Surge protection ,Range (statistics) ,Environmental science ,RLC circuit ,Lightning overvoltage ,DESCARGA ATMOSFÉRICA ,Telecommunications ,business ,Low voltage ,Voltage - Abstract
The overvoltage level of a system is strongly dependent on the connected loads and with more precise models, better and more reliable simulation results are obtained. This paper presents the input impedance characteristics, measured over a wide range of frequencies, of various actual low-voltage residential installations. The measured frequency responses were fitted by effective RLC models and a general model was also developed. The range of frequencies considered in the study, nearly d.c. up to 5 MHz, allows the use of these models for lightning or switching studies. It is also presented overvoltage simulations, using different residential installations models presented in the paper, of a distribution network subjected to lightning surges on the medium voltage circuit.
- Published
- 2014
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8. Estudio de tensiones inducidas en líneas de transmisión usando modelos de escala reducida sobre dos terrenos de diferente resistividad
- Author
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Peralta Piernagorda, César Oswaldo and Amórtegui Gil, Francisco Javier
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Reduced scale model ,Induced voltages ,62 Ingeniería y operaciones afines / Engineering ,Tensiones inducidas ,Lightning ,Descarga atmosférica ,Modelo a escala reducida - Abstract
En este proyecto se evaluó la magnitud de las tensiones inducidas en los sistemas de transmisión de energía eléctrica usando modelos a escala reducida debido a descargas atmosféricas a tierra: Se construyeron entre otros el canal de descarga del rayo a escala, línea aérea a escala y un generador de impulsos tipo rayo; se realizaron pruebas en planos de tierra metálicos y reales, se midieron las tensiones inducidas en la línea a escala por efecto de la corriente en el canal de rayo construido. Puesto que se usa un modelo a escala reducida es necesario generar señales de impulso eléctricos con valores de tensión de algunos kilovoltios y con frentes de onda rápidos, frentes de onda entre 5 ns y 50 ns. Igualmente se requiere de un sistema de medición adecuado para medir señales de este tipo. Abstract. In this project, is evaluated the magnitude of induced voltages on power systems using reduced scale models due to lightning discharges on earth. Among others, were built scale lightning discharge channel, scale overhead line and a current impulse generator; Tests on earth planes real and metallic were made. Also, it was measured induced voltage on scale overhead line due to current on discharge channel. Since a scale model is used it is necessary to generate electrical pulse signals with voltages of some kilovolts and fast wave fronts, wave fronts from 5 ns and 50 ns. Also requires a suitable measuring system for measuring signals of this type. Maestría
- Published
- 2014
9. Caracterización espectral del pulso electromagnético radiado por el rayo atmosférico (LEMP) mediante un Detector-Receptor de RF tipo SDR (Software-Defined Radio)
- Author
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Díaz Cadavid, Luis Fernando, Younes Velosa, Camilo (Thesis advisor), and Cano Plata, Eduardo Antonio (Thesis advisor)
- Subjects
LEMP ,Caracterización espectral ,Software-Defined Radio (SDR) ,Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse (LEMP) ,62 Ingeniería y operaciones afines / Engineering ,Radio definida por software (SDR) ,0 Generalidades / Computer science, information and general works ,Lightning ,Spectral characterization ,Descarga atmosférica - Abstract
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal la caracterización espectral del impulso electromagnético generado por el rayo atmosférico (LEMP) y su correspondencia con la zona específica del eje cafetero colombiano. En su desarrollo se presentan tres (3) aportes significativos a la investigación en este campo: Primero, un modelado matemático del canal vertical de descarga del rayo como una Estación emisora multibanda de RF; segundo, el diseño e implementación de dos (2) equipos simuladores hardware para generación de un pulso tipo LEMP; y tercero, el diseño e implementación de un Detector-Receptor de LEMP elaborado con tecnología SDR (Software-Defined Radio) lo cual lo convierte en pionero. Además el trabajo incluye algoritmos en software (programas), que combinando técnicas FFT, STFT y Wavelets, permiten realizar el procesado de la señal registrada para obtener su caracterización espectral. Se presentan también los resultados y análisis del funcionamiento de los equipos diseñados, así como de los registros obtenidos del LEMP (mediciones) Abstract : This work has as main purpose the spectral characterization of the Lightning Electro-Magnetic Pulse (LEMP) and their correspondence to the specific zone called “Eje Cafetero Colombiano” (central-western of Colombia). This thesis will present three (3) significant contributions to research in this field: First, a mathematical modeling of the lightning vertical discharge channel as an RF transmission system; second, the design and implementation of two (2) HW generator-simulators of LEMP; and third, the design andimplementation of a lightning detector-receiver developed with Software-Defined Radio (SDR) technology, making it a pioneer. Further this work includes software algorithms (programs), which perform digital processing of the recorded signal to obtain their spectral characterization. The operation of the designed equipment, is evaluated. The results of the spectral characterization of the recorded signals (LEMP measurements) as well as their analysis are also presented Doctorado
- Published
- 2014
10. Analysis of Changes in Lightning and Precipitation Generated by a Convective System in Southeastern Brazil
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Eliton Lima de Figueiredo, Carina Klug Padilha Reinke, Roseli Gueths Gomes, and Luciana Cardoso Neta
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Meteorology ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Geology ,Storm ,Development ,Lightning ,Physics::Geophysics ,Tempestade ,Convecção profunda ,Descarga atmosférica ,Precipitação ,Deep convection ,Geography ,Precipitation ,Economic Geology ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
This work analyzes changes, in space and time, of lightning and surface precipitation generated by a convective system occurred in Southeastern Brazil on October 2007. Satellite imagery from the GOES-10 infrared were used to identify and track the system, cloud-to-ground lightning data from RINDAT network and surface precipitation from automatic stations were also used. After its formation, this system evolved as a linear system, then turned into a quasi circular system to, after a new transition, get into the dissipation process. Each transition phase presented unique features in the evolution of lightning and precipitation. Most cloud-to-ground lightning were negative, tending to be grouped as a cluster, while the positive occurred in a more scattered way. Neste trabalho são analisadas as variações, no espaço e no tempo, das descargas atmosféricas e da precipitação em superfície provocadas por um sistema convectivo ocorrido na região sudeste do Brasil em outubro de 2007. Foram utilizadas imagens do satélite GOES-10 no canal infravermelho para identificar e rastrear o sistema, dados de descargas atmosféricas detectadas pela RINDAT e de precipitação em superfície de estações automáticas também foram utilizados. Logo após sua formação, este sistema evoluiu como um sistema linear, depois se transformou em um sistema quase circular para, após nova transição, entrar em processo de dissipação. Cada uma das fases de transição apresentou características únicas na evolução das descargas atmosféricas e da precipitação em superfície. A maioria das descargas atmosféricas foi negativa, com tendência a se posicionarem de maneira agrupada, enquanto que as positivas ocorreram de maneira mais espalhada.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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