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This paper focuses on the development of library webpages available on Engineering websites in the state of Maharashtra. In an information age/era, for any college library, its webpages integral part as central facility that the students and staffs need resources for curriculum and research works. Depending on survey and study of engineering websites throught out in Maharashtra it is tried to search information regarding various resources and library services provided. It searches all data informatics of available books, Printed journals, E-book, E-journals, Project reports, Doctoral research thesis, Reference books, Journals and periodicals, News papers, CD/DVDs , Videos , etc. Main purpose is to find out whether all details resources of library webpage are available on Engineering college websites or not.

Purpose The purpose this study was to determine currency of print health materials readily available in North Carolina public libraries, through a statewide assessment. Two subject areas were examined: health reference and diabetes. Design/methodology/approach In total, 30 randomly selected public libraries were visited and unobtrusive stacks assessments were completed. Some months later, the libraries’ websites were examined for collection development policies, and online catalogs were searched using the keyword diabetes to identify possible discrepancies and additions. Findings For visits, publication dates for reference books ranged from 1899-2014 and the average number of holdings was 10 (range 0-30). The most common reference item, the AMA Family Medical Guide (2005), was available in 6 of 30 libraries. In diabetes collections, publication dates ranged from 1983-2013; the average number of books was nine (range 0-26). The Atkins Diabetes Revolution (2004) was the most common, available in 9 of 30 libraries. Two-thirds of libraries did not have a collection development policy online. Catalog searches revealed 10 titles prior to 1983 and 18 titles (non-cook books) from 2014-2016. Practical implications The study found overall that print health reference books were outdated. In diabetes collections, there were also many outdated items. It appears that regular weeding to assure currency of print health literature is not taking place. Originality/value The study demonstrates that public libraries may not be providing optimal print health information. With unprecedented access, it is imperative that librarians in all types of settings aid in health literacy promotion by assuring access to reliable and timely health information.

The publication coincides with the 90-th anniversary of the Sci-tech Library of Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University. The history of the Library is described; the Library was established as a result of merging several universities, in particular it comprises the collections of Warsaw Emperor Nickolas II Polytechnic Institute. The Library’s collections have been supporting educational and research activities of the University. The continuing process of collection development is based on modern technologies which meets the user demands.The most recent data on library services, collections and users is provided. The library processes are computer-based; the e-catalog and e-library databases are available. The library collections support the learning process in 1,623 courses and disciplines. The role of the library in the educational process and university’s research programs is emphasized. The library environment has become more comfortable for the users.The Library contributes to cultural and social activities and to students’ personal development and social adaptation, humanistic education of the young adults. Innovative activities are described.The author concludes that the Sci-tech library plays a significant role in educational, research and social processes and offers its users various and relevant information products and services.

Digital collections, institutional repositories, open educational resources, open access publishing, and new forms of digital scholarship are all ways in which academic libraries are growing their collections from the inside out as well as making this content widely available to other libraries and users. This article will explore national and global trends in library-enabled publishing and content creation, focusing on the kinds of collections being published by libraries, the ways that metadata can bring these collections together for improved access, and the role of consortia in the process.

Northern Arizona University (NAU) is a public state university with a commitment to Native American students (Hughes and Tsosie 2013). The university’s Cline Library strongly supports the values of academic excellence, student engagement, and student success. NAU is a unique academic institution because it has a Native student community population of 4%; according to the National Center for Educational Statistics, in 2006 Native students at US universities averaged only 1% of the entire student population. As of 2016, the Native American population at NAU was 825 students. Compared to the overall student population Native students comprise about 3% of student growth. In 2005 NAU’s strategic plan defined a commitment to Native Americans and to “become one of the nation’s leading universities serving Native Americans.” This goal is currently under revision by the university’s Commission for Native Americans and the Vice President for Native American Affairs (Chad Hamill, PhD). What does this goal mean for the university? This is the only goal in the university’s strategic plan where a specific community is mentioned and highlighted as a priority. The institution’s commitment to serving Native Americans has a direct impact on the recruitment, retention, and graduation rates for Native American students. The university commitment to developing collaborative services and outreach programs to Native American communities and promoting engagement and appreciation of Native American cultures and tribal nations within the university and broader community is still a top goal (NAU Strategic Plan 2005-2010). Today over a hundred tribes from across the country are represented at NAU. A large portion of students come from the geographic region of Northern Arizona and New Mexico. Beginning in 2008, Cline Library sought out ways in which it could align its activities with the university's strategic commitment to serving Native Americans. Cline librarians and archivists work to support indigenous students, researchers, scholars, and communities through collecting and preserving Indigenous scholarship. In order to achieve the university’s commitment to Native Americans Cline Library needs a robust collection and services available for Native students. This paper will focus on themes that emerge from a critical analysis of the library’s collections and their work with American Indian communities. It will start by describing how the library applies concepts of critical librarianship and teaching and learning to collection development. The conversation continues with the critical role of librarians and archivists at Cline Library in supporting faculty and students. Finally, as an independent yet integrated department, the library’s Special Collections and Archives unit responds to the Native American community’s tribal concerns with the collaborative management of cultural materials in ways that balance archival theory and practice with access to sensitive information. The conclusion offers strategies to improve on existing efforts at Cline and ties together many of the themes woven throughout the article.

E‐books are available to academic libraries through a wide variety of acquisition models. The University of California, Merced (UC Merced) Library has used demand‐driven acquisitions (DDA) as its principal model for providing access to e‐books from its founding in 2005 to the present. This paper will discuss the influence of the situation at UC Merced on the implementation of DDA plans for e‐books and the results of the most recent five years of operations of these plans. E‐Books at UC Merced The University of California, Merced (UC Merced), the tenth campus in the University of California system and the first new American research university in the 21st century, welcomed its first class in 2005. The initial class comprised 875 students, mostly undergraduates. In fall 2015, UC Merced had 6,700 students including almost 400 graduate students. There is a proposal currently under review to construct sufficient academic buildings and student housing to allow the campus to grow to 10,000 students including 1,000 graduate students by 2020. From the beginning, e‐books have been a very important component of collection development at UC Merced. At the present time the library has approximately 1.2 million e‐books available and a print collection of approximately 125,000 volumes. Of the 1.2 million available e‐books, 800,000 volumes are available through University of California system‐wide package licenses with publishers such as Springer, Wiley, and Elsevier. In a majority of cases negotiations for system‐wide e‐book packages are linked to negotiations for journal packages from the same publishers. This trend has accelerated during the past five years. The remaining 400,000 e‐books are available through a variety of locally licensed models: 128,000 through an ebrary Academic Complete subscription; 216,000 through an EBL demand‐ driven acquisitions (DDA) plan with purchase on the fourth use after three short‐term loans (STLs); and 55,000 through a DDA plan with MyiLibrary with purchase on the second use without STLs. The Academic Complete subscription provides access to a wide variety of academic titles with unlimited simultaneous users for a very low per title cost. A potential disadvantage is that if the subscription were to be allowed to lapse, all access would be lost. Since UC Merced anticipates being able to maintain the subscription for the foreseeable future, this is not an issue. One of the main reasons for choosing EBL as the library’s principal e‐book aggregator, was EBL’s use of “non‐linear lending.” This model is not quite unlimited simultaneous users, but it’s close. The model allows a specified number of accesses during a calendar year, usually 300 or 325, before an additional copy needs to be purchased to maintain access to that title. The number of accesses resets each calendar year. This model is extremely useful when faculty assign e‐books for class reading. If these books were available with 1‐ user or even 3‐user licenses, the number of turnaways and the resulting frustration could be significant. At UC Merced only one title available under “non‐linear lending” has exceeded the number of allowed uses over ten years. The MyiLibrary DDA plan was originally implemented to provide access to titles not available from EBL. It was also an experiment with a different DDA model that didn’t involve the use of STLs. Since the fall of 2014 the MyiLibrary plan has also been used to provide access to titles that Copyright of this contribution remains in the name of the author(s). http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284316306 Patron‐Driven Acquisitions and Interlibrary Loan 488 certain publishers were no longer making available through DDA plans with STLs. Content from publishers that no longer support DDA plans of any type is no longer available at UC Merced except for a small number of titles individually purchased. According to ProQuest the EBL and ebrary catalogues should be combined by the end of 2015. The EBL catalogue has already been deduped against ebrary Academic Complete at UC Merced. The library is currently in the process of examining the new publishers currently with ebrary that will be available when the two catalogues are merged. At this point a number of non‐academic publishers have been excluded from the plan. Other publishers may be excluded in the future based on willingness to support short‐term loans, the cost of STLs, and the availability of titles under non‐linear lending licenses. Now that ProQuest has also acquired MyiLibrary, the expectation is that there will be one unified catalogue of all ProQuest e‐books in the not too distant future. Having almost 275,000 e‐books available through DDA is contrary to the collection development practices of most research libraries that carefully circumscribe the size of their DDA pools by subject, publisher, publication year, etc. in order to guard against possible runaway costs. Other than blocking most titles in Library of Congress class R (medicine, nursing, dentistry, etc.), removing certain non‐academic publishers and having a $300 per title price limit, there have been no other substantial restrictions on the size of the DDA pool at UC Merced. There is specifically no limit by publication year. The library chose to take this approach primarily due to the rapid, uncoordinated increase in faculty hiring and in the establishment of new programs resulting from the university being in a start‐up mode for the first decade of its existence. Both the administration and faculty have tried to expand academic offerings as quickly as possible. Often this has resulted in hiring an individual faculty member in a field that is completely new at UC Merced. In many cases the library did not know that the faculty member had been hired until he or she appeared at the library to request book purchases and journal subscriptions. Since many new faculty, particularly in the humanities, have research agendas that are not shared by other UC Merced faculty, they often request information resources that are not useful to other faculty or programs. These conditions made it practically impossible to manage the DDA plans in the traditional manner. Another reason for taking this approach is that the library did not have and still does not have a sufficient number of librarians to have assigned subject selectors. There simply aren’t enough people to do title‐by‐title selection either for print or electronic monographs. Because of the emphasis on interdisciplinary work, UC Merced does not have traditional academic departments. Faculty have self‐ organized into various groups based on disciplinary or cross‐disciplinary working relationships. These organizational factors have also made it difficult for the library to initiate and maintain discussions with faculty regarding collection development. Under these circumstances, the best way to support teaching and research has been to cast a wide net with the DDA plans. As academic hiring becomes more stable, it is anticipated that the DDA pool will become more focused. The experience of UC Merced with the EBL DDA plan for the five‐year period from July 1, 2010 through June 30, 2015 is shown in the following statistics: Total spend: $337, 785

The following article was presented in a panel discussion which explored library operational adaptations to the changing technologies of information distribution and usage. The librarians on the panel presented glimpses of the changes occurring in their library operations as they transition to services without print. The librarians explored, through the evidence of their changing library operations, a range of topics, for example: trends in e‐resource acquisition and usage; changes in consortia; processing and organizational changes; and developments in open access publishing and library e‐publication. After initial presentations, the panel and moderator encouraged questions, comments, and discussion with attendees. Jim Dooley, Head, Collection Services, University of California, Merced The University of California, Merced (UC Merced) opened in 2005 as the tenth University of California (UC) campus and welcomed its tenth freshman class in August 2014. From 875 students and thirteen faculty in 2005, UC Merced has grown to 6,300 students, including 350 graduate students. Currently there are 207 tenured or tenure‐track faculty and an additional 140 lecturers. When the campus opened in 2005 only the library building was operational. Currently there are six academic buildings, a seventh under construction and residence halls housing over 2,000 students. The campus hopes to receive a Carnegie Classification as a Research University‐ High Output in 2015. The current strategic plan envisions that the campus will grow to 10,000 students, including 1,000 graduate students, by 2010. Space for the expansion will be obtained through a public‐private partnership with a commercial developer that will construct a series of mixed‐use buildings on a site adjacent to the current campus. For the UC Merced Library the collection philosophy remains access vs. ownership or just‐ in‐time vs. just‐in‐case. The goal is to meet an information need in the most appropriate way regardless of format or means of acquisition. It doesn’t matter if the information resource is purchased, rented, or borrowed; only that the need is met. One manifestation of this philosophy is the heave reliance on demand‐driven acquisitions (DDA) and subscription databases to provide access to locally licensed e‐books. Collection funds provide access to the largest possible number of titles, not to purchase a much smaller number of titles in order to build a permanent collection. Currently the library collection is approximately 92% electronic. This includes journals, e‐books, databases, and U.S. government documents. The library subscribes to the Marcive Documents Without Shelves service which provides bibliographic records with links to electronic U.S. government documents to enable it to be a Federal Depository Library. The high percentage of electronic resources in the collection is not a result of favoring access over ownership. Rather, the high percentage results from the library being opened in 2005 when the transition from print to electronic was well underway. The collection is a combination of electronic resources licensed by the California Digital Library (CDL) for all or a subset of UC campuses, as well as locally licensed electronic resources and purchased print books and DVDs. Despite its name, the CDL is a part of the University of California Office of the President and provides negotiation and licensing services as well as technology development and management to the UC libraries. Although negotiation and Copyright of this contribution remains in the name of the author(s). http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315576 Collection Development 253 licensing services for electronic resources are provided by the CDL, these resources are not “free” to the campus libraries. Each UC library pays a proportional share for access to these resources. Currently 60% of the UC Merced Library collection budget goes to provide access to CDL‐licensed resources. At the UC Merced Library the transition from print to electronic is almost complete for serials. Currently the library provides access to approximately 112,000 online journals (most through CDL‐licensed packages) and 20 print journals. The print serials are all in the humanities and currently unavailable online. The print subscription would be cancelled if any were to become available electronically. Acquisition of print books has been through approval plans supplemented by firm orders at faculty request. The print collection has also been supplemented by various gifts of books. Except for gifts, all books in the collection were published in 2003 or later. From the opening of the library there have been two approval plans: one for humanities, social sciences, and arts, and one for science. At the beginning both approval plans were rather broad because academic planning was unfocused. As programs developed, the scope of the approval plans has been progressively narrowed to focus on areas of campus research and teaching. Early in 2014 the science approval plan was shut down completely due to a combination of decreasing circulation and budget pressures. The social sciences, humanities, and arts approval plan remains. Currently there are just over 118,000 print books and 2,600 DVDs in the collection. When the library opened in 2005, probably few would have predicted that e‐books would become such an important part of research library collections in a decade. Very few e‐books were available through UC systemwide licenses. While there never was an intention to replace print books with e‐books, the library began experiments with e‐books soon after opening. The first was a subscription to ebrary Academic Complete which provided access to a growing collection of academic titles, now over 116,000, at a very low cost per title as long as the subscription was maintained. The largest number of locally licensed e‐books are available through demand‐ driven acquisitions (DDA) plans with EBL (300,000 titles) and MyiLibrary (50,000 titles). Under the EBL plan, titles are purchased on the fourth access after three short ‐term loans (STLs). The MyiLibrary plan does not employ STLs; titles are purchased on the second access. During the past ten years large numbers of e‐books have become available at UC Merced through UC systemwide agreements including both stand‐alone packages (Royal Society of Chemistry, ASME) and e‐books linked to journal packages (Springer, Wiley, Elsevier). The result is that the library now provides electronic access to 1.05 million titles: 580,000 through systemwide packages and 470,000 through local licenses. This is currently nine times the number of print titles in the local collection. Because approximately 30% of available e‐books are accessed through a DDA plan with STLs, the library has been significantly affected by the increases in STL rates announced by certain publishers in the summer of 2014. The timing of these increases so close to the start of the fiscal year was decried by many libraries and library consortia. The Boston Library Consortium wrote an open letter published in The Chronicle of Higher Education strongly objecting both to the timing and size of these increases. (http://chronicle.com/blogs/letters/ebook ‐pricing‐hikes‐amount‐to‐price‐gouging) While the timing of these increases is certainly an issue, the effects on the UC Merced collection are also significant. The monthly spend for the EBL DDA plan has remained relatively constant for the past several years in spite of significant yearly enrollment increases. After the STL increases, spending increased 50%, even though enrollment for 2014‐2015 had been held at last year’s levels. The number of STLs increased slightly for these months compared to the corresponding months in the previous year, but the costs increased out of all proportion to the increased usage. A hypothetical example illustrates the problem. A STL at 10% for a book with a $200 list price is $20; a STL at 25% for the same book is $50. As a result of these increases, the content of over a dozen publishers has been completely removed

Purpose The study aims to investigate the document selection rationale of library and information science students to satisfy their academic needs. Design/methodology/approach The descriptive survey design was used for the study using questionnaire as the data collection instrument. The collected data are analysed by frequency distribution and presented using charts and tables. Findings The results of the study reveal the preferences of Library and Information Science (LIS) students and hints what they want from LIS literature. A majority of students prefer books in comparison to journal articles as reading material. The survey revealed a high preference towards books written by authors from national origin than international authors. Similarly, students prefer books published by the national publishers than the international publishers. The findings further suggest that the affiliation of the author is a major factor, as the students prefer books written by authors from central universities more than those written by authors belonging to state universities or authors from industry. Further, students seem to be more impressed with the books written by LIS academics than the books written by practising librarians. Research limitations/implications One limitation of the study is that it was conducted in India, taking the case of LIS students from only two universities. To generalise the impact, similar studies should be replicated by taking a larger sample to gain a complete perspective of LIS students. Practical implications The findings of the study have both theoretical and practical implications. The theoretical understanding of the behaviour of LIS students will help faculty members to understand the selection rationale of students. The practical aspect of this study is that the findings will help the acquisition librarians to take informed decisions in collection building for LIS collection in their libraries. Originality/value Most of the studies available in LIS literature related to reading preferences, study the general aspects such as frequency of library visit, the favourite place of reading, the purpose of library visit, gender-wise distribution of library visit, and time spent in the library. There are very few studies investigating the document selection rationale of LIS students.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine whether aggregator packages might be appropriate to replace or supplement print collections in business and nursing, it aims to identify e‐book equivalents for print books acquired for an academic library's collections.Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides a list of the library's acquisitions in two disciplines checked against e‐book aggregators' holdings. The comparison is analyzed and discussed.FindingsThe results confirm findings of a previous study showing that less than one‐third of print books acquired for this library's nursing and business collections have e‐book equivalents available from aggregators, so the aggregators' holdings do not strongly match the library's collecting profile.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study applies previous research to a different type of collection, and tests previous conclusions.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to assessment of the value of e‐book collections for academic libraries.

Over the past decade, participation in book discussion groups has blossomed. Libraries have experienced a similar growth in expectations from book club members about the services and resources that can be supplied. Working with book groups gives the library the opportunity to engage a large community of active and passionate readers. But there are challenges to providing these services. One of the great challenges faced in supporting book discussion groups is supplying enough copies of the book being discussed for each group member. In addition to the books, groups often are seeking author information, book reviews, discussion questions, and ancillary material to enhance their encounter with the book. The development of Johnson County's Book Club to Go Kits are part of a strategic direction to offer support to local reading groups and to build the community of readers. Here, members of the Johnson County (Kans.) Library discuss their response to readers' needs for book club titles and discussion resources. Virginia Hermes, who retired in 2007, served as readers' advisory specialist at Johnson County's Central Resource Library. Mary Anne Hile serves as collection development manager for the Johnson County Library, and earned her MLS at the University of Missouri-Columbia. Johnetta L. Frisbie is Johnson County Library's fiction development librarian, and holds an MLS from Emporia (Kans.) State University.--Editor The woman consulting her list of Book Club to Go Kits (BCTGK) has been here before. She stands in front of the shelves of bags, reviewing the titles her book club wants to read next and skipping over the ones already marked off. Planning ahead is easy because of the library's check-out period of two months with one renewal. Plenty of time! She can choose from among many types of books--biographies, chick lit, ethnic, literary, mystery, nonfiction, classic, young adult crossover, and men's interests. All readers can be accommodated. The large print copy required by one of her club's members is not a concern. Most of the kits have corresponding large print and audio formats for each title available in the library's collections. Will the kits provide good fodder for discussion.) This also is a guarantee. All of the titles chosen for kits not only contain themes and issues that lend themselves to good discussion but also have discussion guides included either in the book itself or available on the library's website. Actually, she learned how to conduct a book club in this very library. The library offers sessions on how to facilitate a book club, in addition to the How to Start a Book Club link on its website and book discussion groups, led by library staff, to join and from which to learn modeling. Is this book club heaven, or what? WHY BOOK CLUB KITS? WHY NOW? Oprah Winfrey re-energized interest in literature and book clubs when she started her book club in 1996. As a result, public libraries all over America have needed to respond to renewed popular demand for books appropriate for book club discussion and for how-to information about forming and conducting book clubs. In this context, the Johnson County Library staff reviewed its reader services for meeting the goals of its own strategic plan and addressing the Reading at Risk report from the National Endowment for the Arts (www.nea.gov/pub/ReadingAtRisk.pdf). The library's strategic plan charges staff with providing convenient and personalized materials for patrons and had already itemized book club discussion kits as an objective. From this review emanated a literary plan, Cultivating Readers and Writers: Building a Literary Tradition. This plan has several tangible goals including more--and more innovative--literary programming, developing a Find a Good Book page on the library's website, and promoting book clubs. The BCTGK collection is one product of this plan. How does one start? The outcomes identified in the plan were for abstract ideas such as "Creation of a richer literary culture in Johnson County" and "Literature is a means to discussing more serious issues facing our community and our culture. …

Die Digitalisierung von Informationen und Medien stellt neue Fragen an das Verständnis von Bestandsentwicklung und Sammlungen in wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken. Ursache dafür ist, dass elektronische Bücher und Zeitschriften im Regelfall als lizenzierte Materialien zur Verfügung stehen und nicht mehr in den Besitz der Bibliotheken übergehen. Zugleich führt die Subskription von Nutzungslizenzen als E‑Book- und E‑Journal-Pakete zu einer starken Vereinheitlichung der Bestandsprofile. Insgesamt werden damit folgende Fragen aufgeworfen: Auf welche Objekte beziehen sich Sammlungsaktivitäten unter digitalen Vorzeichen? Welche Anforderungen ergeben sich daraus für Bibliotheken? Welche Mehrwerte bieten digitale Sammlungen für die Wissenschaft? Dass Bibliotheken dabei ihrer ursprünglichen Rolle mit den Möglichkeiten digitaler Inhalte in besonderer Weise Rechnung tragen können, lässt die Vision eines Neubeginns greifbar werden. The ongoing transformation to digital information and media is combined with a new understanding of collection development and of collections in academic libraries. Due to the running practise electronic books and journals are available as licensed resources, which libraries don’t own. Furthermore the increasing subscriptions of licenses the so called e‑book and e‑journal packages impact significantly on the standardization of library collections. On the whole new questions are rising up: What are the objects, which are part of digital collections? What are the requirements that libraries have to meet in order to provide and to maintain digital collections? What are the benefits of digital collections for researchers and researchers work? Proceedings with digital collections academic libraries have special regard to their original role, which means to collect materials, and they exploit the potential of digital media and tools. From that the claim for a restart of academic libraries is no vision, but comes true.

Throughout the 1990s, many academic libraries undertook major restructuring initiatives. In many cases, this involved merging a Government Documents Department with a General Reference Department. At the University of Oregon Libraries, a different approach was taken. Between 1998 and 2000, the Business Reference service and Map Collection was successfully integrated into the Government Documents Collection. With these three collections now available through one service point, many new opportunities have been created for enhanced reference services, library instruction, collection development, and outreach across campus and into the community. [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service

PurposeProposes encouraging librarians to be more informed about the value of collection evaluations.Design/methodology/approachThree examples of collection evaluation methods (user‐centered evaluation, physical assessment, and specific subject support) are explored.FindingsMany strategies are available for evaluating collections, regardless of the kind of library or size of the collection. Evaluation allows librarians a more thorough knowledge of what already exists, what may be needed, and whether collection development goals are being achieved.Practical implicationsMethods of meaningful collection evaluation are shared so that librarians may create an evaluation that will provide useful information to them in their library setting. Implications for successful future collection management, financial resource management, and effective format selection are discussed.Originality/valueDiscussion that includes the “assessment of specific subject support” and “assessing and building specific subject collections” encourages librarians to recognize their major and minor collections, creatively assess those collection areas, and involve techniques or individuals who might guide them to specific subject materials.

Women musicians were virtually ignored in the literature of Western music until their recent inclusion in standard reference sources and other publications. However, making these works available to the researcher becomes a challenge for library collection development departments, especially for small libraries unaffiliated with music schools that have only a modest music collection and budget. This paper offers guidance in developing a small collection of books on women in music that will complement the current collection and provide a more accuratehistory of Western music. Justification for building a collection on women musicians and an annotated list of recommended books are included.

Locating guidance for developing foreign language collections in academic libraries can be difficult. The author reviews strategies for applying the available advice to Spanish‐language literature collections, including trips to international book fairs, creating approval plans, and establishing lines of communication with faculty and students. While the availability of traditional development tools has diminished, new online resources have developed. A selected list of online resources is included. The article concludes by urging the incorporation of foreign language collections into the new formations developing in contemporary academic libraries, including digital libraries, links to digitization projects in other countries, full‐text CD‐ROMs, DVD video formats, and electronic text centers.

This article reviews the value of federal depository document titles, often underutilized as sources of research, and discusses reasons why many of them are worth cataloging. Several approaches to cataloging these titles to make them more readily accessible are profiled. The Adelphi University Library has devised a system, relying on Boolean logic and using an online public access catalog (OPAC), to choose which depository titles are worth cataloging because of their scholarly research value. This has resulted in the enrichment and expansion of the collection of readily available research titles and has contributed significantly to the library’s permanent collection development program.

Almost fifty years ago, when the organization that now is the Center for Research Libraries (CRL) was founded, university and research libraries were facing issues similar to those challenging them today: lack of space in libraries to shelve growing collections; new library materials formats to absorb into acquisitions budgets; more or more expensive research materials to which patrons needed access. In 1949, higher education looked for solutions in cooperative programs. CRL evolved as a unique endeavor-a program for cooperative collection development and a library that acquires and makes available essential research materials. CRL has endured because of its members' commitment, the gradual building of a unique, centralized library collection, and the organization's capacity to serve as a coordinator for cooperative decisions and implementation of programs. These strengths will support CRL into the future.

There has been some discussion of late, in academic library circles, surrounding the relative merits of Microlog (Micromedia-ProQuest) versus the Canadian Public Policy Collection (CPPC - Gibson Library Connections). Microlog is a long-standing resource, with over 200,000 titles, that provides fiche copies of Canadian government documents (federal, provincial, and municipal) to subscribers. Microlog also creates the MARC records and makes them available for uploading into library catalogues. CPPC is an online collection of over 22,000 think tank and policy institute reports, along with a selection of federal and provincial government documents. This paper provides a comparative analysis of Microlog and CPPC to help clarify their roles in academic library collections. This analysis considers measures of growth, coverage, and content, as well as additional features associated with each of these collections. The analysis concludes that these collections are largely distinct and tend to be more complementary than competitive.

The purpose of this article is to describe the scope and depth of the historic corporate annual report collections in twelve academic/research libraries in North America. For many decades, a few major academic business libraries have been collecting and preserving corporate Annual Reports (ARS), the reports sent to shareholders documenting the financial status and future plans of the company. Today these historic collections provide more than a record of the companies’ finances; they provide a glimpse into the social and cultural thoughts from the past and the corporate stories of individual companies. Digitization of these reports has only just begun; so, except for fewer than 900 companies (most of which have been on the Fortune 500 list), the companies included in these historic annual report collections are not available electronically. The combined collection of the twelve libraries includes reports from nearly 38,000 different companies. Stanford, Harvard, and Western Ontario have the largest collections. Harvard and Columbia have collections with significant historic depth, while Purdue has a collection with important late–twentieth-century holdings. The overlap of the collections is much smaller than was anticipated. The two largest collections, Stanford with over 18,000 companies and Harvard with over 11,000 companies, have only 3,668 companies in common. The overlap of companies between the largest five collections is only thirty-three companies. This research identifies these collections as unique and therefore valuable to the study of specific company histories and the industrial development in North America. Librarians need to preserve these collections and work toward digitizing them.

Examines the contribution of the library to Old Dominion University’s five‐year strategic plan, which targeted cultural diversity as one of its eight objectives and included specific statements about library support of this goal. To meet its part, the library created a three‐pronged action plan for the selection of videos, development of guides to the collection, and an evaluation of the multicultural collection, the most extensive portion of the project. Explains the choice of university minority and international student populations to assist in prioritizing collection efforts. The actual assessment project was collection‐centered; project coordinators identified a series of appropriate bibliographies to compare against the collection as the most practical way to meet defined objectives.The resulting retrospective desiderata list identified resources (once funding became available) to improve both the depth and scope of the library multicultural collections with very little impact on staffing.

Since high school students use both public libraries and media centers for school assignments, this research examined those collections in three separate communities for books relevant to the high school curriculum. Both textbook bibliographies of recommended titles and subject searches of term paper topics were used to identify appropriate titles for English and science courses. Public libraries and media centers both have titles that are appropriate and available for use in the preparation of term papers. Public library collections have quantitatively more titles, while media centers have significantly more books when proportions are compared When textbook bibliographers were searched, there was no discernible pattern in the titles found: Both types of collections have some of the books. In order to devise a collection development strategy, reviews were located for as many of the science textbook titles as possible. Science Books and Films and Choice should be used to identify and purchase science title...

Electronic information and the growth of networks are beginning to have a major impact upon the process of scholarly communication and the development and management of library serial collections. This paper examines the various types of electronic serials currently available and discusses issues relating to storage, access, selection, acquisition, bibliographical control, training and resource allocation. Discussion of current alerting and document supply services (CASIAS) highlights the impact such services are having on library serial holdings and collections.

The historical poverty of Alabama's academic institutions required bold action if deficiencies in library resources were ever to be overcome. The Network of Alabama Academic Libraries has implemented a successful cooperative collection development program to strengthen resources available for graduate education and research. Recommendations resulting in the establishment of the Network are reviewed along with the conceptional decisions necessary for the implementation of the cooperative collection development program. Program funding, the formula for distribution of funds to disparate institutions, and corollary activities are discussed

For forty years a library service has been provided to degree external students in humanities subjects at the University of Queensland. A separate library collection with a dedicated staff continues to be maintained. This paper draws attention to the importance of adequate subject materials, a strong library collection and good bibliographies of available material. Acquisitions policy is stated and related to the achievement of adequate resources within constraints of budget, collection strength, lecturers' approach and subject material content, and cooperation is highlighted. Isolation of students from adequate alternative library collections is an influence on the library service from Thatcher, and use of other collections is considered in the context of efficiency and effectiveness.