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Li-CO2 batteries (LCBs) have emerged as promising solutions for energy storage, with the added benefit of contributing to carbon neutrality by capturing and utilizing CO2 during operation. In this study, a high-performance LCB was developed using a Ge-doped LiAlGeTi (PO4)3 (LAGTP) solid electrolyte, which was synthesized via a solution-based method by doping Ge into NASICON-type LATP. The ionic conductivity of the LAGTP pellets was measured as 1.04 × 10−3 S/cm at 25 °C. The LCB utilizing LAGTP and an MWCNT/Ru cathode maintained a stable cycling performance over 200 cycles at a current density of 100 mA/g, with a cut-off capacity of 500 mAh/g. Post-cycle analysis confirmed the reversible electrochemical reactions at the cathode. The integration of LAGTP as a solid electrolyte effectively enhanced the ionic conductivity and improved the cycle life and performance of the LCB. This study highlights the potential of Ge-doped NASICON-type solid electrolytes for advanced energy-storage technologies and offers a pathway for developing sustainable and high-performance LCBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study introduces a highly stable and conductive sodium super ionic conductor-type solid electrolyte, Li 1.4 Al 0.4 Ti 1.6 (PO 4) 3 (LATP), to address safety concerns and mesoporous-structured polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-derived carbon nanofibers (CNFs) as a cathode material, which has the advantages of high affinity and adsorption of CO 2 gas. LATP, an inorganic solid electrolyte, was synthesized using a solution-based method and its structural properties were assessed using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The ionic conductivity of LATP pellets was approximately 5.87 × 10−4 S cm−1. The gas adsorption properties and pore size distributions of the electrospun PAN-derived CNFs were analyzed using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. A fabricated Li-CO 2 battery successfully operated for 50 cycles with a current density of 50 mA g−1 and a cut-off capacity of 500 mAh g−1. Finally, a post-mortem analysis of the Li-CO 2 battery was conducted using field-emission scanning electron microscopy and Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to examine the electrode degradation mechanism. The analysis indicated that Li 2 CO 3 was produced by the electrochemical reaction in the Li-CO 2 batteries, causing electrode degradation. Therefore, improving the sluggish kinetics of Li 2 CO 3 decomposition using a catalyst embedded in PAN-derived CNFs will realize high-performance Li-CO 2 batteries. • Li-CO 2 battery fabricated with LATP solid electrolyte and PAN-derived CNF cathode. • The ionic conductivity of LATP pellets was approximately 5.87 × 10−4 S cm−1. • PAN-derived CNFs have mesoporous structures advantageous for CO 2 capture. • The battery was stably operated for 50 cycles at current density of 50 mA g−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a solid electrolyte, Li 1.4 Al 0.4 Ge 0.1 Ti 1.5 (PO 4) 3 (LAGTP), with a sodium superionic conductor-type crystal structure, was prepared using a facile solution-based method. LAGTP exhibited exceptional ionic conductivity (1.05 × 10−3 S cm−1) and a low activation energy (0.237 eV). The LAGTP pellet was employed as a solid-state electrolyte in a Li-CO 2 battery, showcasing charge-discharge characteristics via a reversible electrochemical reaction (4Li+ + 3CO 2 ↔ 2Li 2 CO 3 + C). As-synthesized multi-walled carbon nanotubes, drop-cast on carbon cloth, were used as the cathode. The battery underwent 60 cycles with a cut-off capacity of 1000 mAh g−1 at various current densities, and a full-depth charge and discharge test was conducted at 100 mA g−1. During the charge/discharge process, the particle size of the dead lithium increased on the cathode surface, leading to the blockage of active sites for conversion. Post-cycling analyses were performed to elucidate the cathode degradation mechanism. The incorporation of LAGTP significantly enhanced battery cycle life and safety, making it a suitable candidate for use in next-generation, high-performance Li-CO 2 batteries. [Display omitted] • The LAGTP showed excellent ionic conductivity and low activation energy. • The Li-CO 2 battery showed remarkable cyclic stability at various current densities. • The Li-CO 2 battery performed a high full-depth discharge capacity of 6344 mAh g−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]