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In order to clarify the historicity of economic, social and environmental contexts that influenced the institution of legal norms for forest preservation and protection, a description of the historical influences of legal norms for forest protection from Colonial Brazil to the 21st Century was carried out. It deals with the historical evolution of the political-economic situations of the country's forestry rules, emphasizing the implications for forest protection. The analysis showed that 434 years from the "discovery" for Brazil were necessary to have its first Forest Protection Law. The 1930s was the period for the implementation of the developmental model by Getulio Vargas based on the reduction of natural resources and polluting industrial systems. The 2012 Brazilian Forest Code (CFB/12) brought an immediate view that do not consider the understandings of 1934 forest laws and might put productivity in check and promote the stagnation of Brazilian agribusiness as an example of the risk that happens in China. Brazil carries with itself a heritage of a cultural descent of more than 500 years that continues to the present day where a principle of non-valorization of natural resources and indiscriminate exploitation was established for subsequent substitution by monoculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]