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Patients with mental disorders have a series of general and oral health problems correlated to specific psychiatric drugs, along with the difficulty of behavior and concentration, preventing them from respecting the real need for oral care. Many people affected by these disorders cannot perform oral hygiene satisfactorily. This is exacerbated by the prolonged use of mouth-drying medicines, as well as by the excessive use of tobacco products and alcohol, which contribute to poor oral health. The aim of this study is to evaluate evaluate the oral health of mentally ill patients who had medical assistance at the Dentistry Clinic of St. Spiridon Hospital in Iasi. Matherial and methods:A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between October 2016 and May 2017 on a number of 30 psychiatric patients under treatment at the Faculty of General Medicine and Dentistry.A well-structured questionnaire was applied to collect information on the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents,clinical evaluation of oral health status was performend using EGOHID assesement correlated with the general health status and specific psychiatric medication. Results: Regarding the psychiatric disorders that the 30 patients presented, their distribution was: 33.3% with schizophrenia, 26.7% depression, 30% bipolar disorder, 16.7% paranoid disorder and 16.7% with mixed dissorder. For the associated general pathology, diabetes was associated in a proportion of 27%, liver diseases 20%, thyroid diseases 16.7%, kidney diseases 10% and cardiovascular diseases 24%. As for medication, the highest frequency was recorded for the drugs Haldol (73.3%), Carbamazepine (46%), Clonazepam (43.3%), Diazepam (30%) and Amitril (16%), producing different modiffications in terms of saliva flow, buffer capacity and pH, resulting modifications in the oral health status. Conclusions: Patients with mental illness had significantly altered values ​​for salivary pH, salivary flow and buffer capacity of saliva in the sense of a marked decrease of values in patients with depression and bipolar disorder, compared to patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. There were no significant differences between salivary pH, salivary flow, or buffer capacity in monotherapy and multitherapy patients.

The aim of the present study was to determine the dental treatment needs of schoolchildren aged 12 years in Iasi, Romania, and to determine whether there is a socioeconomic disparity in their distribution. Material and methods: the study cross-sectional included 402 schoolchildren aged 12 years. The children were clinically examined and the dental surfaces were scored using Full ICDAS criteria. Parents’ occupation, income and number of members in the family were considered to determine socioeconomic status (SES) of the family. Results: the most frequent treatment need was single-surface filling (2,06±2.18 teeth/subject), followed by multi-surface filling (0.93±0.75 teeth/subject) and endodontic therapy (0.31±0.16 teeth/subject). The treatment needs were much higher in the low SES group than in the high SES group (p < 0.01) and strong inverse correlations were found between SES and dental treatment needs. Conclusion: extensive preventive programs are needed to reduce the level of unmet dental treatment needs of schoolchildren in Iasi.

Introduction: Bacterial accumulation on the dental surfaces is the main cause of oral pathology of both hard and soft tissues such as caries, gingivitis and periodontitis. Regular mechanical removal of the bacterial plaque is considered essential for preventing and stopping the progression of periodontal disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate comparatively the efficiency of bacterial plaque removal from dental structures by two methods: airflow and professional brushing. Material and methods: The study was made of 20 subjects who presented at the Dental Medicine Faculty, Prevention Discipline, of University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi for dental services. The study consisted in a questionnaire of 10 items regarding oral hygiene habits, a clinical evaluation and removal of the bacterial plaque by professional scaling and brushing. The data were recorded by clinical examination performed by a single examiner who evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively the presence of the bacterial plaque through the Quigley-Hein plaque index, the O`Leary index and the API (Approximal Plaque Index) index, but also the oral hygiene index. OHI (Oral Hygiene Index).The following steps consisted in two stages after initial evaluation: professional brushing and the reassessment of the bacterial plaque indices, and stage two, airflow followed by the reassessment of the bacterial plaque indices. The collected data was statistically analyzed using SPSS 16. and the mean, standard deviation, standard error, and paired t-test were calculated to obtain evidence based on scientific interpretation.Results: The results showed significant results between the two measures of professional cleaning especially when it comes to evaluation of the O’Leary index and the API index, the values for the second stage of treatment, the airbrush, being significantly decreased.There are differences between the OHI index and also Quigley Hein, but not in such an important degree, this being explained by the evaluated sites for plaque identification that are more easily cleaned by professional polishing. As suspected the highest difference was in AHI index, which is only another statement of how difficult is to properly clean the interproximal spaces. Conclusion: Periodic monitoring of the presence of the bacterial plaque through the established oral hygiene and bacterial plaque indices is an important method in the primary prevention of dental caries. However professional cleaning is mandatory at least once per year if not every six months, scaling combined with polishing and air flow has proven to be the golden standard for oral hygiene.

Labially impaction of the maxillary canine is less frequent compared to palatal impaction. This paper describes the orthodontic and surgical management of a 15 years old girl with retained temporary upper canine and impaction of the permanent one. The complexity of the case is given by Bolton discrepancy in the anterior area due to undersized maxillary lateral incisors and by the congenital absence of the maxillary first molars.

At the individual level, behavior, education, knowledge and attitudes influence the quality of oral hygiene, diet hygiene, fluoride application, salivary flow. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of dental hygiene by chemical means in a group of students of the Dental Faculty from Iasi. Material and Method The study included 28 student subjects in the terminal year of the Faculty of Dental Medicine in Iasi. The data were recorded by clinical examination. Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) and Quigley-Hein, O’Leary, API (Aproximal Plaque Index) bacterial plaque pointers, one month after Listerine® oral rinses, and 2 months after mouthwash Oral B Pro Expert Multi-Protection (Oral B). Oral rinsing was performed as indicated by the manufacturer. The evidence of the bacterial plaque was performed with tablets of bacterial plaque disclosing. In conclusion, Listerine mounthrinse has been shown to be more effective in reducing bacterial plaque accumulation, proven by reducing OHI oral hygiene values by 0.246 and bacterial plaque scores by 8.57% compared to Oral B Pro Expert mouthwash which improved the OHI index only 0.093 and the index value of the board by 2.32%.

Assessing the level of knowledge and attitudes about sanogenic behaviors of preschoolers is a predictive factor in assessing the level of knowledge and orientation of health education lessons. Aim:The purpose of the study was to analyze the level of knowledge and attitudes among preschoolers in Iasi before and after applying educational messages. Material and method: The group included 82 preschoolers, to whom 22 questions were applied using the questionnaire method before and after the health education lessons. Data processing was performed with SPSS14Windows with p

Aim of the study. The aim of this study was to assess dentists’ knowledge in preventing infection transmission, after having participated in professional training courses. Material and methods: 127 dentists from Iasi, Romania, aged 25-65 years, were investigated using a 14 item questionnaire with simple / multiple responses. Results: 66.5% of the investigated dentists were familiar with the elements included in the concept of preventing the infection transmission in the dental office. 90% of the subjects knew the complete post-exposure protocol for accidental contamination with infected blood, but only 36.8% of those surveyed knew the substances used for high-level disinfection. Conclusion: The main methods and techniques for the prevention of infection transmission in dental medicine are known by most of the investigated practitioners, but further training programs are required in the area to increase the level of knowledge.

The objectives of our study were: (1) assessing knowledge level and attitudes towards oral health among children's mothers and teachers; (2) analyzing oral health care habits of mothers in relation to socio-economic status (SES); (3) evaluation of the impact of an educational program for parents and teachers in Iassy, Romania. Material and methods. The authors initiated in 2004 a two-year longitudinal, questionnaire-based study which included 375 mothers of 9-11 years old school children and 103 school teachers from 18 schools in Iassy. The subjects' knowledge level and attitudes towards oral health were reevaluated in 2006. Data were analyzed using the Statistica program, ANOVA, Scheffe, Pearson, Chi -square, and Gamma tests (p

The aim of this study was analyzed of attitudes and knowledge of the dentists of N-E region of Romanian country. Material and methods A questionnaire-based study was conducted including 152 dentists (72.4%-female, 27.6% males) aged between 25-65 years, from six areas of North-East Region, Romania. The questionnaire included 11 questions related to preventive practices in the dental office. Data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS14.00 program and chi-square test (p≤0.05). Results: The evaluation of the results was based on experience level in years: Gr. 1 = 0-5, Gr. 2 = 5-10, Gr. 3 = 10-20, Gr. 4 = more 20. Results The results shows that majority of the subject made primary prevention: local fluoridation 73% (111), oral hygiene 83.6% (127), sealants 73.7(112), scaling 89.5% (136) and only 25% (38) secondary prevention by restoration preventive with resins and most are in the Gr. 3 p≤0.05. Most practitioners know that they can influence both the risk of caries and periodontal disease Gr. 3 = 38.2% (58) and recommend a certain brush technique Gr.3=39.5 (60) being aware that it is effective in removing plaque Gr. 3= 40.1 (61) p=0,000. Conclusion Lack of interest of dentists from the methods of primary and secondary prevention of major oro-dental diseases is on absence of a dental prevention national program that to stimulate the attachment of specialists in prevention. Acknowledgements: This research was supported by the European project “Ergonomics, prevention and performing management in dental medicine by adopting European standards. Contract: POSDRU/81/3.2/S/55651, 2010-2013 – Project founded by European Social Fond Invest in People”

Adhesion of dental materials to the dental hard tissue is dependent on a number of factors relating both to the material used and the type of approach to dental substrate. The purpose of this study was to analyze the size of the hybrid layer (HL) in evaluated sealed oclussal surfaces by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Method: The study was realized in vitro on a sample of 16 human teeth premolars and molars extracted for orthodontic or periodontal reasons. Permission was obtained from an institutional ethical committee of “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi and the subjects gave written, informed consent. The teeth were randomly divided into two equal groups (Gr1=etching time 20 seconds and GR2=etching time 60 seconds). The teeth were restored using 3M™ Schotchbond Etch, Single Bond Dental Adhesive System 3MTM, composite resin Concise (3MESPE). The materials were photo activated with halogen source (3M), stored (48h), cut lengthwise (diamond), polished, conditioned (H3PO4-37%-5s) analysed by SEM (TESLA, BS 340), SPSS14.00 statistically analysed (ANOVA, p≤0.05). Results: Analysis of the HL has highlighted differences between groups only in the enamel p=.000 average size HL being Gr.1:17.76 (±6.7)μm;Gr.2:6.36(±2.8)μm. Conclusions: The thickness of hybrid layer related directly proportional with etching time, after 60 second the hybrid layer had a thickness of about three times higher than in the case for 20 seconds demineralization. Key words: resin composite, hybrid layer, enamel etch

CAO and CAOS epidemiological indices provide significant information for an overview assessment of dental health but can not make a nuanced type of carious lesions and involvement of the need for treatment. EGOHID system of clinical assessment and restoration of carious lesions provide evidence on lesion topography guided us on the degree of dental damage in motivating action supporting our dental health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the comparative in terms of dental health indices CAO, CAOS and EGOHID system. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on a sample of 122 subjects with a mean age 23.53 years in which data were collected on the type of carious lesion and the type of restoration. Data were collected by clinical examination and observation files recorded according to codes. All patients in the study were informed verbally about the purpose of the study noting their consent. Statistical data processing was performed with SPSS 14.00 for Windows fixing the threshold of statistical significance of p ≤ 0.05. Results and discussion: Comparative analysis of two systems of assessment revealed that significant differences p ≤ 0.05 for the system of assessment of dental status in the system component EGOHID carious lesions, lesion assessment is accomplished underestimated component CS of CAOS index showing an average of 4.42 (± 4.132) compared with EGOHID-C is the index of the cavity showing an average of 10.38 (± 7.484). Conclusion: Data obtained through evaluation of dental caries is higher, providing a concrete image of the orientation dentistry, early diagnosis of dental caries, treatment and hence the technicallity and restorative treatments.