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Objectives: Advances in shock wave lithotripsy and endourological procedures have markedly limited the need for open surgery in the treatment of renal stones. We retrospectively compared the clinical outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL)-based therapy with open stone surgery (OSS) to treat staghorn stones. Materials and methods: Hospital and office charts, operative records, and radiographic studies of all patients undergoing OSS (Group 1, 11 patients) and PNL (Group 2, 61 patients) for the treatment of large staghorn calculi from 2007 to 2013 were reviewed. Only patients with stones ≥ 10 cm2 in area were included. Patient characteristics, stone burden, indications, and surgical outcomes between the two procedures were compared. Stone-clearance was confirmed using postoperative kidney, ureter, bladder X-rays. Results: There were no differences between the two groups in patient demographics, stone size, estimated blood loss, and mean renal function level change, however, there were statistically significant differences in mean operative time (282.1±54.5 minutes vs. 156.6±41.2 minutes, p

Objective To report the oncologic outcomes of upper tract urothelial carcinoma treated with laparoscopic nephroureterectomy and pluck method for distal ureter resection. Materials and methods Between May 2004 and November 2015, 118 patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma received laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy with endoscopic bladder cuff excision at our institution. The medical records were reviewed retrospectively for clinical and pathological results. Cox regression analyses were performed on factors related to oncological outcomes. Results The median follow-up was 26 months. Bladder recurrence was found in 27 patients (22.9%), extravesical retroperitoneal recurrence in four patients (3.4%), and metastases in 17 patients (14.4%). Multivariate analyses showed that male sex was associated with higher bladder recurrence [odds ratio (OR) = 2.2; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02–4.78; p = 0.045)], tumor size had significant correlation with locoregional recurrence (OR = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.07–3.43; p = 0.029), tumor stage was significantly correlated with subsequent metastasis (OR = 2.08; 95% CI, 1.21–3.56; p = 0.008) and overall survival (OR = 1.84; 95% CI, 1.06–3.22 ; p = 0.031), and tumor size correlated significantly with cancer-specific survival (OR = 2.57; 95% CI, 1.16–5.72; p = 0.021). Conclusions Tumor size and tumor stage were significantly associated with survival (cancer-specific and overall survival) in patients receiving nephroureterectomy with pluck method.

s / Urological Science 26 (2015) S50eS81 S75 success rate. In the multivariate logistic regression of the renal stone group, stone width is the independent factor which affects the success rate. In univariate analysis of the ureteral stone group, only the stone size showed statistically significant. In the multivariate logistic regression of the stone length and stone width of the ureteral stone, only stone length is the independent factor. Conclusion: Stone size is the most important factors influencing the outcome of ESWL both in renal stone and ureteral stone. In renal stone group, the stone width is the major character to affect post-ESWL stone free rate and in the ureteral stone group, the stone length is the major character. NDP096: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMY VERSUS OPEN STONE SURGERY FOR MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH LARGE STAGHORN CALCULI Friedrich Bo-Yuan Zhang, Wun-Rong Lin, Jong-Ming Hsu, Huang-Kuang Chang, Wen-Chou Lin, Marcelo Chen. Department of Urology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Purpose: Advances in shock wave lithotripsy and endourological procedures have further limited the need for open surgery in the treatment of renal stones. We reviewed our experience of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL)-based therapy with open stone surgery (OSS) to determine the clinical outcomes of these therapeutic modalities. Materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Mackay Memorial Hospitals (Taipei and Tamsui), Taiwan. Hospital and office charts, operative records, and pertinent radiographic studies of all patients undergoing OSS (11 patients) and PNL (61 patients) for the treatment of large staghorn calculi from December 2007 through June 2013 were reviewed. Only patients with stones 10 cm2 or greater were included. Patient characteristics, stone burden, indications, surgical outcomes, and differences between the two procedures were compared and analyzed. Stone-clearance status was confirmed with postoperative kidney, ureter, bladder X-rays. Results: There were no differences between the two groups in patient demographics, stone size, estimated blood loss and mean renal function level change. However, there were statistically significant differences between the groups in mean operative time (282.1± 54.5 [range: 187-340] vs. 156.6± 41.2 [range: 85-285] minutes), mean hospital stay (10.27± 1.79 [range: 8-14] vs. 6.18± 2.71 [range: 2-17] days), postoperative stoneclearance rate (97.5 vs. 76.1%) and number of procedures per patient (1.55 vs. 2.77). Conclusion: In our experience, OSS should still be considered a valid and efficient treatment option for patients with complete staghorn calculi, although PNL is the standard treatment for most cases of renal stones. NDP097: THE USE AND THE PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE AMONG UROLITHIASIS PATIENTS IN TAIWAN: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY Jui-Ming Liu , Po-Hung Lin , Shun-Ku Lin . Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 3 Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University