Search

Background: Sickle cell disease is characterized by repeated crisis and need for frequent transfusions. Abdominal crisis are common and potentially can damage any abdominal organ. Screening for organ involvement will lead to early detection and better patient care. Aim and Objectives: To see whether ultrasound can be a better noninvasive technique for early detection of organ involvement. Material and Methods: Prospective cross sectional observational study done on patients admitted in pediatric ward of a medical college. Total of 150 patients, already diagnosed to have sickle cell anemia (homozygous 110 and heterozygous 40) was included in the study. All the patients were in steady state. Demographic, clinical biochemical details were noted and were subjected to ultrasonography. Renal artery, Being end artery, Doppler study was also done. All the modalities were compared for early detection. Results: Majority of patients (77%) were between 1 to 30 years with male female ratio of 2:1. Recurrent fever (64%) and recurrent abdominal pain (47%) were most common symptoms and anemia (66%), hepatomegaly (62%), splenomegaly (21%) were most common signs. When clinical examination, biochemical tests and ultrasonography were compared for organ detection, ultrasound significantly detected more patients (p=

Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a group of structural abnormalities of brain that is an important cause of childhood mortality and morbidity. They usually occur due to impaired midline cleavage of embryonic forebrain i.e., failure of differentiation of the prosencephalon into the telecephalon and diencephalon. De Myer classified this anomaly ranging from alobar to semilobar and lobar type. It can be associated with microcephaly and midline facial anomalies. We present a case of semilobar holoprosencephaly with corpus callosal agenesis.