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Background The prevalence of hyperprolactinemia following administration of conven- tional antipsychotic drugs requires further investigation. The current study is designed to evaluate the effect of sulpiride (SPD)-induced hyperprolactinemia on alterations to ovarian follicular growth, gonadotropins, and ovarian hormones and to analyze the extent of potential problems in mammary glands. Materials and Methods A total of 40 albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (no treatment), control-sham (0.3 ml olive oil), low dose SPD (20 mg/kg) and high dose SPD (40 mg/kg). All compounds were intraperitoneally (IP) administered for a period of 28 days. Results After 28 days, we dissected the rats’ ovarian tissues, uterine horns and mammary glands which were sent for histological analyses. We counted the numbers of normal, atretic follicles and corpora lutea (CL). Serum levels of prolactin (PRL), estradiol, progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were evaluated. SPD-administered animals showed sporadic follicular atresia in different sizes associated with higher numbers of CL on the ovaries. The mammary glands exhibited features of galactorrhea. There was remarkable (p < 0.05) elevation in SPD-administered animals’ uterine horn endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium thicknesses. The serum levels of PRL and progesterone significantly (p < 0.05) increased, while the serum concentration of estradiol, LH and FSH notably (p < 0.05) decreased according to the SPD administered dose. No histological and biological changes occurred in control-sham animals. SPD-induced animals had unsuccessful attempts at mating and decreased pregnancy rates. Conclusion The present findings suggest that SPD-induced disturbances depend on PRL level. In addition, an increased PRL level is largely dependent on the administered doses of SPD.

Background and Objectives: Increasing blood lipids is one of the mortality factors in human communities. In this study the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure on the lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and HDL) in 48 male rabbits with normal diet and hyper-cholesterol diet were investigated. Methods: This study was experimentally conducted on 48 New Zealand adult male rabbits. The rabbits in control groups, C1 (normal diet) and C3 (hyper-cholesterol diet), were not exposed to any electromagnetic field. Sham exposed groups male rabbits, containing C2 (normal diet) and C4 (hyper-cholesterol diet) were exposed to sham stimulated (without electromagnetic stimulation) for 5 days, 2 hours per day, and the rabbits in the treatment groups, including T1 (normal diet) and T2 (hyper-cholesterol diet), were treated with triangular form 10 Hz of electromagnetic field for 5 days, 2 hours per day. Immediately after the mentioned period, blood samples were obtained from ear vein, and levels of so-called factors were measured. Acquired data were compared with statistical method of One-Way ANOVA. Results: In the exposed groups, the levels of Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, and LDL were significantly decreased compared with the control groups; and the amount of HDL was significantly mounted (p

Introduction: The perinatal effects of antidepressants on CNS due to its common usage are importantissues in neuroscience research. Bupropion is an atypical antidepressant that is used in smoke cessationunder FDA approve widely. The study of synaptic effects of bupropion can reveal its mechanism fornicotine dependence cessation. In this study the long term effects of perinatal bupropion on populationspike (PS) amplitudes were investigated. The PS amplitude is a good parameter for synaptic plasticity.Materials and Methods: Hippocampal slices from 18-25 day old rat’s pups were prepared. The examgroups included control and Bupropion treated groups. Bupropion (40 mg/Kg, i.p) was applied inperinatal period daily as pretreatment. Bupropion also was perfused in ACSF (10, 50, 200 μ mol, 30minutes) and tested for PS amplitude. PS amplitude of Stratum Radiatum was measured before and afterBupropion perfusion. Amplitude of PS before Bupropion perfusion was fitted as 100% for baseline.Results: A concentration of 10 μM did not reduce PS amplitude and Bupropion had no significanteffects on PS amplitude. Bupropion in concentration of 50μM could reduce the amplitude of responses in50% of cases. The 200 μM of Bupropion perfusion reduced population spike amplitude all slices (n=22).In the last state population spike amplitude in 8 out 0f 22 slices completely abolished. Decreasepopulation spike amplitude in non-treated slices with 200 μM perfusion was more than treated slices.Conclusion: Analyzing of data showed that chronic perinatal exposure to Bupropion in concentrations50,200 μM reduced PS amplitude and we found adaptation synaptic in perfusion 200 μM compare withBupropion treated slices with non- treated.

"nMeasuring health related quality of life of old people has become an important public health issue with the aging of population in developing countries. The aim of this study was to examine the health related quality of life of old people living in Bandar Abbas, Iran. This was a population-based study in which a random sample of 1000 individuals of the community aged over 60 years were interviewed using SF-36 questionnaire. Overall health related quality of life and relative differences between men and women and also between different age groups (60-75 years vs. >75 years) was assessed in this study. A total of 1000 elderly individuals completed the SF-36 questionnaire. Of all participants 499 (49.9%) were men, 501(50.01%) women, 789 (78.9%) aged 60-75 years, and 211 (21.1) aged over 75 years. The logistic regression analysis showed the age over 75 years could increase the risk of lower score of physical [OR: 2.69, CI; (1.96-3.73] and mental [OR: 1.58, CI (1.16-2.15)] component summaries of SF-36 regardless other factors. Additionally, suffering from chronic diseases could decrease physical and mental scores of health related quality of life separately [OR: 8.6, CI; (4.37-16.94) and OR: 1.8, CI (1.1-2.99) respectively]. Women compared to men and illiterate old people compared to literate ones are more likely to perceive worse health related quality of life especially in physical component [OR: 1.35, CI; (1.01-1.81) and OR: 1.59, CI (1.12-2.24) respectively ]. The findings of this study suggest that health related quality of life in old people is not only decreased by aging, but each of other factors such as female gender, illiteracy, and chronic diseases could decrease health related quality of life of old people.

One of the readily available sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is menstrual blood-derived stem cells (Men-SCs), which exhibit characteristics similar to other types of MSCs. This study was performed to determine the growth kinetics, plasticity, and characterization of Men-SCs in women. During spring 2014 in the southern Iranian city of Shiraz, menstrual blood (5 mL) was obtained from 10 women on their third day of menstruation in 2 age groups of 30 to 40 and 40 to 50 years old. Ficoll was used to separate the mononuclear cell fraction. After the Men-SCs were cultured, they were subcultured up to passage 4. Growth behavior and population doubling time were evaluated by seeding 5×10(4) cells into 12- and 24-well culture plates, and the colonies were enumerated. The expression of CD44, CD90, and CD34 was evaluated. The osteogenic potential was assessed by alizarin red staining. The Men-SCs were shown to be plastic adherent and spindle-shaped. Regarding the growth curves in the 12- and 24-well culture plates, it was demonstrated that in the women aged between 30 and 40 years, population doubling time was 55.5 and 62 hours, respectively, while these values in the women aged between 40 and 50 years were 70.4 and 72.4 hours, correspondingly. Positive expression of CD44 and CD90 and negative expression of CD34 were noted. In the osteogenic differentiation medium, the cells differentiated toward osteoblasts. As human Men-SCs are easily collectable without any invasive procedure and are a safe and rapid source of MSCs, they can be a good candidate for stem cell banking and cell transplantation in women.

Breast plasmacytoma is a rare neoplasm. Here we present a case of extramedullary plasmacytoma of the breast in a 41-year-old Iranian lady who was a known case of spine plasmacytoma. Two years ago study case was presented with severe back pain. At that time, MRI revealed an expansile and destructive lesion in the body of S1 which was suggestive of metastasis. The patient underwent incisional biopsy that was a representative of a plasmacytoma. Skeletal survey, bone marrow aspiration, and serum protein electrophoresis were negative. The patient received radiation therapy. This year (2 years later) she detected a mass in her right breast. A mammography revealed a 30 mm high-density mass with an ill-defined border in the right breast. The mass was excised, and histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of plasmacytoma. Although plasmacytoma of the breast is rare, this tumor should be considered as a differential diagnosis of a breast mass, especially in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias.

Background: Recently, bone-marrow-derived cells have introduced new therapeutic approaches to the management of wound healing in severe skin injuries. Bone marrow-derived stromal cells are described as a heterogeneous population, including mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and fibro-blast cells. Results derived from several studies indicate that these cells may contribute to tissue regeneration whether through producing variety of bioactive growth factors and/or by differentiation into mesoderm lineage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of subcutaneous administration of bone marrow-derived stromal cells in repairing or regeneration of skin wounds induced by third-degree burn in a mouse model. Methods: In an experimental study that was performed in Urmia University research center from December 2011 to June 2012, The third-degree skin burn was induced on the shaved backs of healthy 7-8 week old male mice (N=18) using a metal rods heated in boiling water. After 1 hour, based on the equal physical condition mice were randomly divided into two separate groups and then subcutaneously administered with phosphate buffered saline (PBS; 400 µl) or bone marrow-derived stromal cells (106 cell in 400µl PBS) at the burn site. 7, 14 and 21 days after induction of burn injury, biopsies were taken from burn wounds and then the sections were prepared. Subsequently the prepared sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and Masson's trichrome to explore histopathological changes evoke by administration of bone marrow derived stromal cells in comparison with control subjects. Results: Considering investigated parameters including formation of granulation tissue (respectively on days 7, 14 and 21 P≤ 0/007, P≤ 0/0013 and P≤ 0/001), angiogenesis (on day 21 P≤ 0/002) and collagen deposition, in mice treated with bone marrow-derived stromal cells the rate of healing of third-degree thermal burns was significantly accelerated when compared to the PBS-treated mice. Conclusion: This experimental modulation of wound healing suggests that bone marrow-derived stromal cells can significantly enhance the rate of wound healing possibly through stimulation of granulation tissue, angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition.