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The peak frequency of Hodgkin's disease convergesmatches with women of reproductive fertility age. Currently, this disease is the fourth more diagnosed neoplasia during pregnancy. In addition, there is no consensus in the literature on how to treat pregnant women because of the risks of chemotherapy for mothers and for fetuses. We report three cases of pregnant women with Hodgkin's disease. A review of the literature was made aiming to suggest a protocol to treat these patients.

The discovery of the Philadelphia chromosome in 1960, and of the BCR-ABL oncogene in 1984, enabled the development in subsequent years of a targeted therapy that revolutionized the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia, thus changing its natural history. The use of imatinib resulted in a significant improvement of the prognosis and outcome of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. However, the occurrence of mechanisms of resistance or intolerance precludes the eradication of the disease in some of the patients. Second-generation tyrosine-kinase inhibitors are efficient in most of these patients, except for those with T315I mutation. We present an overall review of chronic myeloid leukemia, with emphasis on the progress in its treatment.

The peak frequency of Hodgkin’s disease convergesmatches withwomen of reproductive fertility age. Currently, this disease is thefourth more diagnosed neoplasia during pregnancy. In addition, thereis no consensus in the literature on how to treat pregnant womenbecause of the risks of chemotherapy for mothers and for fetuses.We report three cases of pregnant women with Hodgkin’s disease.A review of the literature was made aiming to suggest a protocol totreat these patients.

Patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma are more susceptible to infections which are the major causes of morbidity and mortality associated to this disease. The main infectious agents involved are Gram-positive bacteria. However, after chemotherapy an increase in the incidence of Gram-negative strains is observed. These bacteria are also responsible for most cases of urinary tract infections. Here is reported a rare case in a 73-year-old man with multiple myeloma who developed endocarditis due to pseudomonas.

CONTEXT:Refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a difficult disease to control with second or third-line chemotherapy regimens. In this report, we describe using azacitidine in combination with lenalidomide as salvage therapy.CASE REPORT:52-year-old female was diagnosed with refractory AML and high-risk cytogenetics: complex monosomal karyotype consisting of t (3, 3) in association with monosomy 7 and del 5q. Morphological remission associated with maintenance of the cytogenetic abnormality of chromosome 3 and disappearance of the abnormalities relating to chromosomes 5 and 7 was achieved after three cycles of combination therapy with azacitidine and lenalidomide.CONCLUSION:Azacitidine plus lenalidomide can be a therapeutic option for patients with refractory AML, as illustrated in this case.