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Since the 1980s, investigative interest and advances in the field of socio-cultural and consumer trends have been growing internationally. But, so far, there is neither a methodology nor a body of research techniques established for such an activity. It is for this reason that we defend the establishment and consensus of a methodology together with a set of well-structured investigative techniques for the development of trend research. This article presents the content analysis and, later, a comparative study of the methods and techniques used until today by the main observatories of Brazilian and Spanish trends. It is also a study of the consumer sectors in which this activity is carried out and the disciplines that serve it. I study that we are beginning to extend EE. UU, United Kingdom, France, Italy and Japan. It is undoubtedly an unprecedented contribution that will lead to the establishment of the investigation of socio-cultural and consumer trends, as an essential tool within the discipline of communication.

O caso descreve a situação vivenciada pela clínica CardioMaIs. Ao longo de quinze anos, a empresa se diferenciou pela competência médica e por outros serviços agregados. Contudo, o crescimento anual no faturamento da empresa contrastava com as constantes reclamações dos clientes relacionadas a experiência. A clínica precisava continuar expandindo, todavia, as dúvidas sobre quais estratégias de marketing e atendimento poderiam ser adotadas eram inquietantes. Logo, o caso procura abordar teorias relevantes às etapas do processo de venda e atendimento, os significados e recirculação de marca, os estímulos sensoriais no ambiente de loja, as estratégias de posicionamento e o núcleo psicológico e tem como objetivo desenvolver nos discentes as competências voltadas a interpretação dos conceitos de marketing, vendas e qualidade no atendimento, além da compreensão da inter-relação entre eles. Os nomes das empresas, dos gestores e da cidade sede foram modificados em nome da preservação da privacidade. Assim, os dados secundários foram obtidos mediante pesquisas bibliográficas sobre a empresa, concorrentes e o mercado de atuação. Inicialmente, foram realizadas duas entrevistas com os proprietários e gestores da clínica, além disso foram obtidos 432 questionários válidos respondidos pelos pacientes. Recomenda-se a aplicação do caso nas disciplinas de Introdução ao Marketing e Gestão de Marketing, ambas em nível de graduação em Administração. Sugere-se, também, dependendo do conteúdo das ementas, em disciplinas de Administração ofertadas aos cursos de graduação da área da saúde.

Objetivo: O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar características de projetos sustentáveis desenvolvidos por MPEs localizadas na região sul, enfocando a maneira pela qual estes são financiados. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória partindo de uma estratégia de estudo de casos múltiplos com três organizações. Uma análise de conteúdo foi conduzida a partir dos dados de entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores e análise de documentos. Principais resultados: Os resultados revelam que todos os empreendimentos fizeram uso de capital próprio para viabilizar seus projetos. Tais evidências corroboram com a literatura de financiamento à Micro e Pequenas Empresas (MPEs) e de fontes de financiamento a projetos sustentáveis, demonstrando que a escassez de fontes específicas a empreendimentos que vislumbrem ganhos além de financeiros, pode tornar a implementação destes projetos mais árdua e onerosa quando comparada aos demais. Contribuições acadêmicas: Em virtude do baixo número de pesquisas interessadas em abordar assuntos financeiros relacionados a práticas de empreendedorismo sustentável na literatura, esta pesquisa visa contribuir para o preenchimento da lacuna supracitada. Contribuições Práticas: Os resultados elucidam informações relevantes a respeito da pouca disponibilidade de recursos para o financiamanto de projetos sustentáveis em MPEs e, dessa forma, demostram a necessidade do estabelecimento de fontes de financiamento que levem em consideração retornos socias e ambientais concomitamente aos retornos econômicos.

Purpose: This study tests and analyzes the relationship pattern (nexus) of Green HRM, SCP, and BP. In addition, this study also tests the mediation role of SCP in analyzing the relationship between GHRM and BP and the mediation role of SCP in analyzing the relationship between SCOL and BP. Design/methodology: This study uses survey method. The survey is distributed to owners/managers of courier service SMEs in two provinces (Special Region of Yogyakarta and East Java) in Indonesia. The sampling technique is conducted purposively with 165 respondents. The data analysis technique uses AMOS 23. Findings: SCOL has a positive effect on SCP and BP and mediates the effect of SCP on BP. The most interesting about the findings is GHRM has no effect on SCP and BP and SCP does not mediate GHRM on BP. Research limitations/implications: Researcher use purposive sampling which has limitation of not being able to generalize the population in two provinces, namely Special Region of Yogyakarta and East Java. This is also not ideal approach to evaluate the impact of GHRM on SCP and BP and the impact of SCOL on SCP and BP. Courier service SMEs in this study have not implemented GHRM in ideal manner so they are unable to conclude the results in a comprehensive and transparent manner. Managerial Implication: Companies need to consider aspects related to the courier service industry, namely digitalization of information and green innovation so their contribution can be seen in improving whole business performance. In addition, it is necessary to divide SMEs that have practiced GHRM and those that are not so they can make strategies and policies related to GHRM, SCP, BP and SCOL. It is also necessary to examine other aspects in improving the business sustainability of courier services, namely the complexity and service strategy orientation. SMEs who have more SCOL strategy will better implement GHRM practices associated with SCP and BP. This is important since competition in the courier service industry is getting tougher especially when faced with foreign competitors who already have global service standards. Theory Implication: This study contributes the theory enrichment of SCOL aspect in mediating the relationship pattern between SCP and BP. This study also provides theoretical contributions namely GHRM has no effect on SCP and BP and SCP does not mediate GHRM on BP. Originality/value: Study which examines the role of SCOL, especially when it is related to GHRM, SCP and BP is still limited in Asia. SME owners in the courier service industry rarely have good data integration in the system. The implementation of SC is starting from upstream to downstream processes so that SMEs need a well-planned and integrated SCOL in each work unit which ultimately have an impact on SCP and BP

The Purpose of the research to identify and analyze the effect of Remunerasi and Motivasion Work about Performance ol Civil Servants (PNS) simultaneously and partially on the Performance.The method used is quantitative research that is explanatory, with a population of 191 people, technique sampling used is stratified random sampling with a sample of 66 people who serve as respondents, data analysis tool used is multiple linear regression using SPSS software ver.16.0.The results ofthis studyconcludedthat the remunerationandmotivation to worksimultaneously and partiallypositive effect onperformance.Of the threeindepend- entvariable, the highest percentagewas97,8% remuneration(X1) compared with the twoother variables. This isbecausethatis essentiallyan employeeis unable to performanythingin general, there needs to becompensationimpetusin drivingdirectionoptimal work, compensationandjob satisfactionpolicyimplementationneed tobe included in thetraining sobeberpapositive influenceon employee performance

This study aimed to analyze the effects of interest rates, bond rating, company size, and debt to equity ratio (DER) of the yield to maturity (YTM) of corporate bonds in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Previous researches showed different results, therefore, it is necessary to re- study by testing the four variables on the yield to maturity.The population in this study was all corporate bonds listed and traded on the Stock Exchange in the period of 2010-2012. There were 324 bonds. Based on the Purposive sampling criteria, 66 bonds were obtained. The research hypothesis was tested by multiple linear regression (multiple regression) and the analysis tools were company's financial statements, market price of the bond, SBI interest rate and bond ratings.The results showed that the variable interest rates and the debt to equity ratio did not significantly affect the yield to maturity of the bonds. Variable bond rating and company size gave significant negative effects ontheyield tomaturity of the bonds.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the Manufacturers pallet-loading problem (MPLP), by loading identical small boxes onto a rectangle pallet to maximise the pallet utilization percentage while reducing the Complexity of loading.Design/methodology/approach: In this research a Block approach is proposed using a Mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model that generates layouts of an improved structure, which is very effective due to its properties in grouping boxes in a certain orientation along the X and Y axis. Also, a novel complexity index is introduced to compare the complexity for different pallet loading, which have the same pallet size but different box arrangements.Findings: The proposed algorithm has been tested against available data-sets in literature and the complexity measure and graphical layout results clearly demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach compared with literature Manufacturers pallet-loading problem layouts.Originality/value: This study aids real life manufactures operations when less complex operations are essential to reduce the complexity of pallet loading.

Purpose: The actual market characteristic oriented toward customers’ requirements compels decision-makers to foresee customization abilities. Mass customization represents a valuable approach to combine customizable offers with mass production processes. From a supply chain standpoint, this paper attempts to develop an integrated procurement, production and distribution modeling to describe the generated framework structure formulation within tactical decision planning level.Design/methodology/approach: The paper provides a mixed integer linear programming model of a three echelon supply chain illustrated from the automotive industry with (a) customers: Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) identified as leaders and (b) first-tier supplier: wiring harnesses manufacturer (c) second-tier supplier: raw material supplier, identified as followers. The model formulation is depicted through dyadic relationships between stakeholders considering the specific operation enablers of the environment such as make to order, modular approach in addition to the corresponding inventory management policy.Findings: The integrated model is solved by an exact method which illustrates the feasibility of the formulation in addition to the observance of the applied constraints. A sensitivity analysis is performed to highlight the interdependency across some key parameters to provide managerial insights within the studied framework while keeping the optimal solvability of the model.Research limitations/implications: The limitation of this study is the computational experiment study. An extensive experiment with a real-word case will outline the optimal solvability status of the exact method and the necessity for a performance benchmark through the approximate solving approaches.Originality/value: The present research aims to contribute as first studies toward mathematical modeling for supply chain decision planning endeavor operating within mass customization business model.

This article deals with the application of an agile approach toprojects in design service used in consultancies of the LEMMEUFSC group in partnership with Sebrae-SC. Themethodological procedure used for the case study (LEMMEX)adapts an adaptation of the flowchart of Teixeira, Henrique,Braglia & Gonçalves (2018); developed from the approachesof Garret (2010) and Teixeira, Benedet and Hoppe (2015).The standardized method of optimization in the analysis time,greater depth in the relevant items for the proposed solutionand more security for decision making. This article deals with the application of an agile approach toprojects in design service used in consultancies of the LEMMEUFSC group in partnership with Sebrae-SC. Themethodological procedure used for the case study (LEMMEX)adapts an adaptation of the flowchart of Teixeira, Henrique,Braglia & Gonçalves (2018); developed from the approachesof Garret (2010) and Teixeira, Benedet and Hoppe (2015).The standardized method of optimization in the analysis time,greater depth in the relevant items for the proposed solutionand more security for decision making.

The article aims to present the application of Visual Project Management in the construction of a pro-sustainability project tool with an emphasis on the mitigation of solid textile waste. This is the Zero Waste Tool for Apparel Design (ZWTAD). The construction of the tool took place in two stages: (I) initially, based on the use of the visual panel of the Orientation Guide for Project Development; and (II), then, under the application of the structural elements (premises, requirements and usability principles) of Visual Project Management. Therefore, methodologically, this article can be understood as applied, descriptive, bibliographic and qualitative research. It is inferred that the development of the ZWTAD can constitute a case of Visual Project Management, however, for now, it is still an incomplete visual model. The article aims to present the application of Visual Project Management in the construction of a pro-sustainability project tool with an emphasis on the mitigation of solid textile waste. This is the Zero Waste Tool for Apparel Design (ZWTAD). The construction of the tool took place in two stages: (I) initially, based on the use of the visual panel of the Orientation Guide for Project Development; and (II), then, under the application of the structural elements (premises, requirements and usability principles) of Visual Project Management. Therefore, methodologically, this article can be understood as applied, descriptive, bibliographic and qualitative research. It is inferred that the development of the ZWTAD can constitute a case of Visual Project Management, however, for now, it is still an incomplete visual model.

O presente artigo trata sobre a aplicação de uma abordagem ágil para projetos em service design utilizadas em consultorias do grupo LEMME - UFSC em parceria com o Sebrae/SC. Foram selecionados três casos aqui descritos. O procedimento metodológico utilizado para o estudo de caso (LEMMEX) propõe uma adaptação do fluxograma de Teixeira, Henrique, Braglia & Gonçalves (2018); desenvolvido a partir das abordagens de Garret (2010) e de Teixeira, Benedet e Hoppe (2015). O método empregado permitiu otimização no tempo de análise, maior profundidade nos itens relevantes para proposta de solução e mais segurança para tomada de decisões.

Objetivo: Este ensaio teórico analisa o papel das aceleradoras nos estágios evolutivos de uma startup e como a influência na estratégia do empreendedor, através de seus programas de aceleração, pode ser direcionada em maximizar a geração de valor para todos os participantes. Método: A abordagem foi desenvolvida por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre Causation – Effectuation Theory, pesquisas sobre programas de aceleração e metodologias de inovação. Resultados: Os resultados sugerem que as aceleradoras têm papel importante no desenvolvimento do ecossistema de startups e no estímulo ao empreendedorismo, com destaque para os programas de aceleração que: (1) selecionam empreendedores orientados à tomada de decisão através da lógica efectual, (2) possuem redes de apoio com governança baseada em confiança e cooperação, e (3) mantém o foco empreendedor da startup ao final do programa de aceleração. Contribuições: O estudo contribui na discussão das dinâmicas temporais e de relacionamento entre aceleradoras e empreendedores pela Causation – Effectuation Theory, além de propor um framework para guiar gestores de aceleradoras e empreendedores à frente de startups.

El propósito de este artículo es mostrar el lugar que ha ocupado la subjetividad dentro del pensamiento empresarial occidental. A partir de las principales obras que han existido dentro de esta reflexión desde sus orígenes en Europa y América del Norte, presenta las principales pos-turas que se pueden extraer de este cuerpo de literatura. El artículo se estructura de la siguiente manera: después de definir brevemente qué se entiende por gestión y presentar la evolución del pensamiento empresarial en esa zona geográfica, muestra el lugar que la subjetividad ocupa en él y las tres principales posturas que pueden encontrarse acerca de ella: ninguna consideración, con-sideración con miras a un desempeño económico y consideración con miras a una emancipación. A modo de conclusión, subraya la importancia de enseñar un modelo antropológico ampliado de acción gerencial para restituirle su importancia a la subjetividad, tanto en el nivel de las prácticas como en el de la formación e investigación gerencial.

En este documento se propone una quinta dimensión de poder, a partir de una analítica de la gubernamentalidad en los estudios organizacionales. Para ello, se revisa la literatura y se relaciona un estudio de caso cualitativo focalizado en cuatro programas gubernamentales de la organización Municipio de Medellín: Medellín Solidaria, Planeación Local y Presupuesto Participativo, Medellín a la U y Banco de los pobres/Oportunidades. Los datos del caso se recolectaron a partir de documentos institucionales y entrevistas con los gestores de estos programas y algunos de sus usuarios. Para analizar esta información se utilizó el método de análisis crítico del discurso en una perspectiva foucaultiana. En los resultados se evidencian prácticas de gobierno neoliberal en el ente municipal, la analítica del poder gobierno en los programas objeto de estudio y la construcción de diversas subjetividades. En este sentido, este trabajo no solo busca proponer un elemento teórico, sino que presenta su analítica a partir de un caso empírico, en aras de contribuir a la discusión sobre las dimensiones del poder.

En el editorial de la primera edición especial sobre los es­tudios organizacionales (EO) —el número 78, volumen 30—, abordamos la crítica resaltando su dimensión laboriosa e íntegra para analizar los fenómenos organiza­cionales (Gonzales-Miranda & Rojas Rojas, 2020). Para esta segunda edición, queremos proponer una reflexión sobre otro aspecto relevante para los EO y para todas las otras perspectivas que enriquecen el pensamiento y la investiga­ción en administración: las ideas sobre las que estudiamos y proyectamos la condición humana. Tal vez las ideas des­de las cuales vemos y pensamos la organización requieran considerar los límites con los que muchas veces conceptua­lizamos la erosión de la humanidad y la “filosofía” que ali­menta muchas de las tesis que soportan la literatura de la organización y la administración contemporánea.

espanolEste articulo de reflexion es resultado de una investigacion documental, de naturaleza exploratoria, que recurre a la narrativa del ensayo. Se persigue el objetivo de poner en evidencia la relacion entre la subjetividad hipermoderna y el capitalismo actual, fundamento de las organiza- ciones que deben ser administradas y que son objeto de estudio del campo disciplinal de los estu- dios organizacionales. Se recurre a una exposicion argumental de las maltrechas legitimidades del capitalismo y del socialismo, para develar la emergencia de la subjetividad hipermoderna como blindaje que garantiza su reproduccion. Se concluye que esta goza de una vida convertida en fragmentos desconectados de la cadena del sentido que requiere toda utopia promisoria de un fu- turo mejor. En estas condiciones, los estudios organizacionales requieren repensar cual es la nueva subjetividad que alimenta y aceita la vida organizacional. Se puede presenciar una nueva subje- tividad caracterizada por una ceguera mediada por el interes subjetivo de consumir y agradecer al capitalismo contemporaneo permitirle no caer brutalmente en las precariedades que nacen del mercado libertario y moralmente desregulado. Asi, se contribuye a los estudios organizacionales re- flexionando sobre la necesidad de concebir un nuevo pensamiento administrativo que se opongan a la anulacion del ejercicio de la libertad y la igualdad juridica moderna, que legitimo la politica y la utopia como valores de dignificacion del ser humano y de la vid EnglishThis article is the result of an exploratory documentary re- search, through an essay-type narrative, whose goal is to highlight the relationship between hypermodern subjectivity and current capitalism as the basis of organizations, being these the research object of organiza- tional studies. An argumentative description of the battered legitimacies of both capitalism and socialism is used to reveal the emergence of hyper- modern subjectivity as a protective shield that guarantees the reproduc- tion of capitalism. It is concluded that subjectivity enjoys a life converted into disconnected fragments of the chain of meaning required by every promising utopia of a better future. Under these circumstances, organiza- tional studies are called to rethink the new subjectivity that keeps orga- nizations running. We are witnessing a new subjectivity characterized by a kind of blindness mediated by the subjective interest of consuming and recognizing contemporary capitalism for allowing us not to brutally fall into the precariousness of the libertarian and morally deregulated market. Thus, our work contributes to organizational studies by reflecting on the need to conceive a new administrative thinking that goes against the an- nulment of exercising freedom and modern legal equality, since these prac- tices legitimized politics and utopic ideas as values of dignity of the human being and life.

En este artículo se revisa bibliografía de la teoría administrativa (TA), de historia económica, ciencias sociales y estudios organizacionales (EO). La TA, por su enfoque pragmático/ funcionalista, naturaliza la función directiva de la organización empresarial y no conceptualiza las relaciones jerárquicas de subordinación capital-trabajo en que se funda. Desde la historia, cuyo enfoque compresivo confluye con la orientación interdisciplinaria de los eo, se propone un examen crítico-hermenéutico de tal bibliografía, con el fin de exponer la conformación histórica de la función administrativa y del administrador, entre 1780 y 1920, en Occidente. Se concluye que la función administrativa tomó forma como elemento constitutivo de la organización empresarial, asumida inicialmente por el propietario/fundador y, posteriormente (1880-1920), por un complejo de directivos asalariados. También se halla que la organización jerárquica del trabajo entre planeación y ejecución estaba orientada a destituir a los trabajadores del conocimiento y control del proceso productivo por parte de la dirección, y que la concepción racional/funcionalista de la organización estaba determinada por condicionantes históricos como los requerimientos del sistema capitalista para reproducirse y las concepciones positivistas de las ciencias.

espanolLa perspectiva de los sistemas debilmente acoplados (LCS, en ingles) surgio como una nueva forma de comprender la estructura de las organizaciones desde la optica de los estudios organizacionales. Por ello, este articulo busca describir las principales caracteristicas de dicha perspectiva a partir de una revision sistematica de 76 articulos publicados durante un periodo de 36 anos (1983-2019). Los hallazgos indican que los principales conceptos estudiados en torno a los sistemas debilmente acoplados han sido el acoplamiento debil, el acoplamiento fuerte, el desacoplamiento, el grado de acoplamiento y los mecanismos de acoplamiento, los cuales han sido analizados con base en la relacion dialectica entre singularidad y capacidad de respuesta. Asi mismo, se evidencia que el estudio de los acoplamientos organizacionales se ha desarrollado a traves de metodologias cualitativas y el uso de estudios de casos, entrevistas y revisiones documentales. En particular, existen dos marcos teoricos ampliamente utilizados junto con este enfoque (el nuevo institucionalismo sociologico y la teoria de los accidentes normales), dando lugar a investigaciones futuras en temas como el desacoplamiento y la normalidad en la ocurrencia de accidentes, entre otros. Este articulo contribuye a la discusion alrededor de los vinculos organizacionales en tanto reconoce la importancia de los sistemas debilmente acoplados y su utilidad para la comprension de los problemas actuales y futuros de las organizaciones desde el campo de los estudios organizacionales, promoviendo una mayor adopcion de los fundamentos de esta corriente en Latinoamerica y precisando las categorias esenciales de los acoplamientos organizacionales y su funcionamiento. EnglishThe loosely coupled systems (LCS) perspective emerged as a new way to understand the organizational structure from the field of Organization Studies. The purpose of this article is to present the main features of previous research studies that have addressed the perspective of loosely coupled systems. This article is based on a systematic literature review of 76 papers published during a 36-year period (1983-2019). The findings indicate that the main concepts studied around this perspective have been loose coupling, tight coupling, decoupling, degree of coupling, and coupling mechanisms, which are analyzed considering the dialectical relationship between distinctiveness and responsiveness. Likewise, the study of organizational couplings has been extensively developed through qualitative methodology with case studies, interviews and documentary reviews. In particular, there are two theoretical frameworks broadly used along with this perspective, the sociological new institutionalism and the theory of normal accidents, which give rise to future research on topics such as decoupling and the normality of accidents, among others. This article contributes to the discussion of organizational ties by highlighting the contemporary relevance of the LCS perspective, its usefulness for understanding current and future organizational issues in the field of Organization Studies, and encouraging greater adoption of LCS analysis in Latin America. Additionally, this paper provides conceptual clarity on the main categories of organizational couplings and its operationalization.

Este artículo presenta una serie de conversaciones entre territorio y estudios organizacionales latinoamericanos a partir de cuatro paradigmas: los sistemas complejos, el poder, la cultura y la gobernanza. Además, propone un nuevo significado para el territorio: se concibe como un campo organizacional desde el ámbito de los estudios organizacionales. Reflexionar de esta forma el territorio no solo permite encontrar nuevas alternativas para comprenderlo, explicarlo o analizarlo, sino también posibilitará avanzar en el estudio de las organizaciones al incorporar la dimensión territorial. En este abordaje, existe como premisa fundamental entender que en la dimensión espacial hay presencia de organizaciones, aspecto que le otorga un carácter organizacional. Se termina con algunas interrogantes que pudieran avanzar en la construcción de la agenda de investigación organizacional que enriquecería las conversaciones con los estudios organizacionales en Latinoamérica.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, opsiyon sözleşmeleri ile oluşturulan yönsüz stratejilerden elde edilen kar veya zarar bakımından, mali kuruluşlar sektörlerinde yer alan ve yer almayan firmalar grubu arasında anlamlı bir fark olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. 30.11.2017–31.12.2018 dönemini kapsayan çalışmada, Vadeli İşlem ve Opsiyon Piyasası’nda (VİOP) işlem gören pay opsiyon sözleşmelerinin fiyatlandırılmasında Black-Scholes opsiyon fiyatlama modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında incelenen firmalar Kamuyu Aydınlatma Platformu’nda yer alan sektör ayrımı baz alınarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Ardından bağımsız iki grubun karşılaştırılmasında kullanılan non-parametrik testlerden Mann Whitney U Testi uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, yönsüz piyasa ve yüksek volatilite beklentisine yönelik stratejilerin genel olarak zarar ile sonuçlandığı ve mali kuruluşlar sektörlerinde yer alan firmalar grubunda bu zarar tutarının daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Buna karşın, yönsüz piyasa ve düşük volatilite beklentisine yönelik stratejilerden ise genellikle kar elde edildiği ve elde edilen kar tutarının mali kuruluşlar sektörlerinde yer almayan firmalar grubunda daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir., The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is a significant difference between the group of companies which take part in the financial institutions sector and those which do not take place in that sector in terms of profit or loss obtained from non-directional strategies created by option contracts. In the present study covering the period between 30.11.2017 and 31.12.2018, Black-Scholes option pricing model was used in the pricing of Stock Option Contracts that trade in the Derivatives Market (VIOP). Companies examined in the scope of the study were divided into two groups based on the sectoral distinction in the Public Disclosure Platform. Afterwards, Mann Whitney U Test, which is one of the non-parametric tests used to compare two independent groups, was applied. The results indicate that while strategies for non-directional market and high volatility expectation generally result in loss, and the amount of loss in the group of companies in financial institution sectors is lower; strategies for non-directional market and low volatility expectations are generally profitable and the amount of profit that has been obtained is higher in the group of companies which are not included in financial institution sectors.

Bu çalışmada, yöneticilerin karar verme biçimlerinin çalışanların motivasyonu ve performansına etkisinin yanı sıra karar verme biçimleri-performans ilişkisinde motivasyonun aracılık etkisi araştırılmıştır. Nicel yöntemin benimsendiği çalışmada 147 kişiden dağıt-topla anket yöntemi ile veri toplanmıştır. Veri analizinde basit ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre, rasyonel ve sezgisel karar verme biçimleri motivasyon düzeyini etkilemekteyken içsel motivasyon düzeyindeki artış performansı önemli ölçüde arttırmaktadır. Rasyonel ve bağımlı karar verme biçimleri performansı etkilemektedir ve karar verme biçimleri-performans ilişkisinde motivasyonun aracılık etkisi saptanmıştır. Sonuçta, performansın büyük ölçüde içsel motivasyona bağlı olması motivasyonunun önemini ortaya koymuştur. Performansı iyileştirmek için çalışanların içsel motivasyonlarını arttırmak gerektiği önerilebilir. The study investigates the effect of managers’ decision-making style on employee motivation and performance as well as the moderator role of motivation in decision-making style and performance relationship. In the study adopting the quantitative approach, data are obtained from 147 people with the distribute - collect survey method. Simple and multiple linear regression methods are utilized to analyze data. To results, while rational and intuitive decision-making styles affect motivation, increasing intrinsic motivation substantially improves performance. Rational and dependent decision-making styles affect performance, and it is revealed that there is a moderator role of the motivation in decision-making styles and performance relationships. The fact that the performance is largely explained by intrinsic motivation reveals the importance of employee motivation. It can be suggested that intrinsic motivation of employees should be increased to improve performance.

Bu çalışmada, ekonomik büyüme ve kalkınma için büyük öneme sahip olan yapısal dönüşüm olgusu ve belirleyicileri, panel veri analiziyle incelenmektedir. Bu amaçla konu teorik temeliyle ele alındıktan sonra, seçilmiş 19 gelişmiş ve 24 gelişmekte olan ülkede 1970-2017 yılları arasında meydana gelen yapısal dönüşüm, hesaplanan yapısal dönüşüm endeksi yoluyla analiz edilmiştir. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerdeki yapısal dönüşüm endeks değerlerinin, gelişmiş ülke değerlerinden daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra, yapısal dönüşümün belirleyicilerinin yapısal dönüşüm üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla ülke gruplarına Panel Veri Analizi uygulanmıştır. Driscoll-Kraay tahmin sonucunda, gelişmiş ülkelerde dış ticaretin ve nüfusun etkisinin pozitif, doğumda yaşam beklentisinin negatif olduğu görülmüştür. Kişi başına milli gelir ve küreselleşme değişkenlerinin yapısal dönüşüm üzerine etkilerinin istatistiki olarak anlamsız olduğu saptanmıştır. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ise dış ticaretin negatif, kişi başına milli gelirin pozitif ve anlamlı etkisi görülürken, diğer değişkenlerin anlamsız olduğu belirlenmiştir. Son olarak, Ortak İlişkili Etkiler Ortalama Grup Tahmincisi ile de ülkeler bazında değerlendirme yapılmıştır., In this study, the structural transformation phenomenon and its determinants, which are of great importance for economic growth and development, are examined by panel data analysis. For this purpose, the structural transformation that occurred between 1970-2017 in 19 selected developed and 24 developing countries is analysed through the calculated Structural Transformation Index. It is determined that the structural transformation index values in the developing countries are higher than the developed country values. Then, Panel Data Analysis is applied to country groups to determine the impact of determinants of structural transformation on structural transformation. As a result of Driscoll-Kraay estimation, it is observed that the impact of foreign trade and population in developed countries is positive and life expectancy at birth is negative. The effects of variables of gross domestic product per capita and globalization on structural transformation are found to be statistically insignificant. In developing countries, the negative impact of foreign trade and the positive and meaningful effect of gross domestic product per capita are observed, while other variables are determined to be insignificant. Finally, an asessment is made on a country basis with the Common Correlated Effect Mean Group Estimator.

The research aimed to examine economic, socio-cultural, and environmental impacts on community support fortourism in Harapan Island, Kepulauan Seribu. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The population was thepeople of Harapan Island. Around 100 residents were selected as respondents through accidental sampling. Then,data were processed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) version 3.2.8. Basedon the hypothesis test, economic and socio-cultural factors significantly influence community support. Socioculturalfactors have the most significant effect on community support. Meanwhile, environmental factors do notaffect community support. The research contributes to the model of community support for the development oftourism on a small island. To increase community support, it is necessary to increase the income of the community,job opportunities, security, protection of traditional culture, and welfare.

Gelir dağılımı bir ülkede toplam GSYH’nin insanlar arasında ve üretim faktörleri arasında nasıl dağıldığını gösterir. Gelir dağılımı çalışmalarında toplam nüfus beş eşit gruba ayrılmaktadır. Ancak en yoksul %20 ile en zengin %20’nin toplam nüfus içindeki payının az olduğu, ortada yer alan grubun toplam nüfus içindeki payının ise göreli olarak fazla olduğu bilinmektedir. Orta gelir grubunun kendi içindeki gelir dağılımı eşitsizliğinin hesaplanması bu çalışmanın temel amacıdır. Eğer orta gelir grubunun kendi içindeki gelir dağılımı eşitsizliği, tüm ülkenin gelir dağılımı eşitsizliğinden önemli bir şekilde farklılık arz ediyor ise bunun izlenmesi gelir dağılımında adaletin sağlanması açısından önemlidir.Bu çalışmada, anketle elde edilen veriler ve Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu verileri kullanılarak orta gelir grubu gelir dağılımı eşitsizliği hesaplanmıştır. Veriler SPSS programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Afyonkarahisar il merkezinde yapılan anket bulgularına göre, orta gelir grubunun Gini katsayısı 0.27 bulunmuştur. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu verileri kullanılarak aynı grup için Gini katsayısı 0.17 bulunmuştur. Bulgular orta gelir grubu gelir dağılımı eşitsizliğinin toplam gelir dağılımı eşitsizliğinden önemli bir şekilde az olduğunu göstermektedir.

Dünya genelinde sağlık hizmet talebindeki sürekli artış politika yapıcıları sağlık hizmetlerinin etkinliği ve finansal sürdürülebilirliği konusuna odaklanmaya itmiştir. Çalışmada hizmet etkinliğini ölçmek için Veri Zarflama Analizinden (VZA), finansal sürdürülebilirliği ölçmek amacıyla ise finansal oranlardan faydalanılmıştır. Boston Danışma Grubu (BCG) matrisinden faydalanılarak hizmet ve finansal etkinlik boyutu birleştirilmiş, kurumsal performansa bütüncül ve stratejik bir bakış açısı geliştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamına Sağlık Bakanlığına bağlı olarak ülke genelinde hizmet veren 39 Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı Merkezi (ADSM) alınmıştır. Söz konusu merkezlerin hizmet etkinlikleri girdi yönelimli ve ölçeğe göre değişken getirili VZA modeli ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada hizmet etkinliği ile finansal etkinlik arasındaki ilişki irdelenmiş, finansal etkinlik göstergesi olarak Varlıkların Getirisi (ROA) kullanılmıştır. Hizmet etkin merkezlerin ROA değerleri ortalama 0.72 etkin olmayan merkezlerin ise 0.61 (p=0.125) olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca hizmet etkinlik skorları ile finansal etkinlik skorları BCG matrisinde üzerinde birleştirilerek matrisin kullanılabilirliği sorgulanmıştır. The steady increase in the demand for healthcare services has led policymakers to focus on the effectiveness and financial sustainability of healthcare services around the world. In the study, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was employed to measure service efficiency while financial rates were used to measure financial sustainability. In order to provide an integrated and strategic point of view on institutional performance, dimensions of service and financial efficiency have been combined by employing Boston Advisory Group (BCG) matrix. A total of thirty-nine Oral and Dental Health Centers serving throughout the country under the Ministry of Health were included in the scope of the study. The service efficiencies of these centers were analyzed with input-oriented (IO) and Variable Return to Scale (VRS) DEA model. In the study, the relationship service and financial efficiency was examined and Return on Assets (ROA) was used as an indicator of financial efficiency. While the average ROA value of the efficient centers was calculated as 0.72, the value of the inefficient ones was 0.61 (p = 0.125). Besides, service efficiency scores and financial efficiency scores were combined on the BCG matrix to examine the usability of the matrix.

İnsanlık tarihine yön veren güçler ilk çalışmalardan günümüze değin çoğunlukla siyaset, ekonomi ve hukuk erkleri çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bu yaklaşım üzerine sistematik yazınlar İbn-i Haldun’un 1332 yılında kaleme aldığı Mukaddime (2004) eserine kadar gitmektedir. Ekonomi tarihi boyunca da bu erklerin birbirleri arasındaki etkileşim gerek teori gerekse pratikte tartışılmaya devam edilmiştir. Ancak önce Liberalizm ve ardından Neo-Liberalizmin egemenliği görülen ekonomik dünyada siyasi ve ekonomik aktörlerin etkileşimi önemli değişimlere uğramıştır.Bu çalışma Liberalizmden Neo-Liberalizme geçiş döneminde ekonomik aktörlerin siyaset üzerindeki etkilerinin hukukileşmesini teorik tartışma çerçevesinde incelemiştir. Bu incelemeler ise Birleşik Devletler’deki PAC uygulaması bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. PAC, siyaset ve ekonomi ilişkisinin günümüzde geldiği nokta olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada değişimlerin aynı doğrultuda devam etmesi halinde bu ilişkilerin hangi yönde ilerleyeceği ekonomik rekabet bağlamında tartışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle hükümet ile ekonomi etkileşimi ve ABD’de PAC uygulamalarının gelişim süreci ile teorik arka plan oluşturulmuştur. Sonuç bölümünde ise işletmelerin ve ekonomik rekabetin geleceği mikro ve makroekonomik açıdan değerlendirilmiştir., The forces that have shaped the human history have been evaluated mostly within the framework of politics, economy and legal forces since the first studies. The systematic studies about these approaches go back to “Mukaddime” that was written by İbn-i Haldun in 1332. The interaction between these forces has been discussed in both theory and practice in the history of economics. However, in the economic world dominated by Liberalism and then Neo-Liberalism, the interaction of political and economic actors has undergone significant changes.This study examines the legalization of the effects of economic actors on politics in the period of transition from Liberalism to Neo-Liberalism within the framework of theoretical discussion. These discussions were evaluated in the context of the PAC implementation in the United States. PACs are seen as the present situation of interaction between politics and economy. In this study, it is discussed in the context of economic competition in which these relations will go on if the practices continue in the same direction. In this context, first of all, the theoretical background was created with the government-economy interaction and the development process of PAC applications in the USA. In the conclusion part, the future of businesses and economic competition is evaluated from a micro and macroeconomic perspective.

RESUMO Este artigo discute o processo de descentralização no Brasil da perspectiva do grau de autonomia financeira desfrutada pelos municípios brasileiros com população superior a 100 mil habitantes, considerados como os mais aptos a experimentar um maior protagonismo na implementação das políticas públicas. Após apresentar indicadores de que os municípios vêm assumindo maiores responsabilidades no financiamento das políticas consideradas direitos dos cidadãos brasileiros, adicionam-se outros dados que mostram o aumento da arrecadação fiscal ao longo da década de 1990, indicando que os municípios de médio e grande porte estão ampliando sua autonomia financeira por meio da melhoria na sua administração tributária, não obstante continuarem a depender das receitas de transferências. A evidência de que a União vem diminuindo sua participação no financiamento das políticas públicas torna necessário que os municípios continuem empenhados em maior esforço fiscal, sendo que esse objetivo poderá ser alcançado principalmente por uma melhora na arrecadação do IPTU. ABSTRACT This article aimed at the Brazilian decentralization process concerning the cities with population between one hundred thousand and one million inhabitants and their level of financial autonomy. The article not only analyses the performance of the medium cities and their capacity of assuming greater responsibilities in the implementation of public policies but also analyses some statistics from the last decade. This analysis pointed out that the medium cities are increasing their financial autonomy in consequence of some changes in the public income management despite the fact that the medium cities still depend on the income transferred from state and central government. In addition, the budget for public policies from the central government is shrinking what should stimulate the implementation of public policies aimed at a growth on the public income, specially on IPTU.

RESUMO Este trabalho integra os conceitos de Planejamento Estratégico e da Teoria das Filas para dar suporte à formulação e avaliação de estratégias viáveis para a gestão de serviços bancários oferecidos por caixas automáticos (ATM). Além disso, obteve-se um referencial prático valioso para a compreensão de como surge uma estratégia emergente. Este estudo utilizou informações sobre o comportamento dos usuários de caixas automáticos de um dos maiores bancos de varejo do Brasil e os atualizou de acordo com as mudanças da regulamentação bancária ocorrida em 2001 em função do racionamento de energia elétrica. De uma forma geral, foram identificadas duas linhas estratégicas opostas, representadas pelos bancos Bradesco e Itaú, respectivamente, primeiro e segundo maior banco privado brasileiro, sobre o tratamento oferecido aos seus clientes nas salas de auto-atendimento. ABSTRACT This work arranges Strategic Planning and Queuing Theory to evaluate the feasibility of new strategies for Automatic Teller Machine (ATM). Moreover, an important referential was developed to understand the origin of an emergent strategy. This study was applied to one of the largest retail banks in Brazil and it is in accordance with the changes of the banking regulation because of the rationing of electric energy in 2001. Two opposing strategic lines were identified represented by Bradesco and Itaú the two largest private Brazilian retail banks.

RESUMO Os apontamentos teóricos elaborados neste artigo subsidiam uma pesquisa empírica baseada em estudo de caso, por meio do qual se pretende qualificar, demonstrar e analisar o desempenho dos conselhos de administração previstos na implementação da política pública explicitada pelo Projeto Organizações Sociais e o impacto de suas decisões na administração estratégica das organizações-objeto. A importância da pesquisa advém do fato de que até o presente não existem estudos empíricos sobre o tema. A perspectiva teórica que embasa a análise situa-se no campo dos pressupostos teóricos da Nova Administração Pública e das teorias sociais que discutem participação, em específico no que tange às questões afetas à participação nos processos decisórios e relacionadas à governança tanto no âmbito da ação do Estado como das organizações-objeto. ABSTRACT These theoretical considerations underpin a project of case study research which seeks to characterize, demonstrate and analyze both the performance of the administrative councils called for with the implementation of the Brazilian public policy known as the Social Organizations Project and the impact of the decisions of these councils on the strategic management of social organizations. The importance of the research project derives from the fact that, until the present moment, there have been no empirical studies carried out on this subject. The theoretical perspective which supports the analysis is that of the New Public Administration and of social theories which discuss participation, in particular those aspects which touch on questions dealing with participation in decision processes and related to governance in the sphere of action both of the State and of social organizations.

RESUMO Este artigo relata os resultados de uma análise de imagem organizacional realizada por meio da Matriz Familiaridade-Favorabilidade (MFF), com cinco universidades paulistas pertencentes a uma mesma região geográfica, sob a ótica de entrevistados que atuam no meio empresarial. A análise da imagem com base na MFF permite à instituição verificar a conscientização e sua reputação perante determinado público. A informação referente à imagem organizacional obtida por meio dessa análise pode ser útil no planejamento de marketing das universidades, permitindo a canalização dos esforços do seu departamento de comunicação e de marketing. ABSTRACT This article shows the results of an analysis of the corporate image made from the Familiarity-Favorability Matrix (FFM), with five universities from São Paulo belonging to a common geographic area, in the view of interviewees who work in the business area. The analysis of the image from de FFM allows the institution to verify its consciousness and reputation within a certain public. The information pertinent to the organizational image obtained through this analysis can be useful in marketing planning of university, allowing for the centralization of the your communication and marketing department.

Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os valores Lean e sua relação e sua variação diante de medidas de maturidade e de efetividade da Gestão de Processos. Método: O método do trabalho consiste em uma pesquisa quantitativa caracterizada como survey, na qual a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário. Obteve-se uma amostra válida de 1003 respostas da instituição estudada. A análise de dados foi realizada por meio de estatísticas descritivas, da análise fatorial exploratória (AFE), da correlação de Pearson, da análise de cluster e do teste t e do teste Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Os resultados permitem identificar uma relação positiva entre a melhoria contínua e o pensamento a longo prazo e a maior efetividade e maturidade de processos. Pode-se verificar, também, que a efetividade é maior no cluster em que a maturidade é maior. Contribuições: Como conclusãodeste trabalho, pode-se afirmar que os valores Lean funcionam como fundamentos para a gestão baseada em processos. Os valores Lean são elementos basilares para gerar melhorias operacionais e organizacionais na condução e na realização das atividades de uma organização pública. Além disso, os resultados deste artigo contribuem para que os gestores trabalhem na consecução de parâmetros de padronização e de melhoria de processos.

The research aimed to investigate the influence of product quality, price fairness, brand image, and customer value on purchase decision in the Low Cost Green Car (LCGC). The research applied a quantitative method with survey design. It was conducted in Auto2000 Jakarta with a sample of 100 Toyota Agya owners using an accidental sampling technique. Data analysis for hypothesis test used path analysis calculated with SPSS software. The research findings indicate that product quality, brand image, and customer value significantly influence the purchase decision of Toyota Agya consumers. Meanwhile, price fairness has no effect on the purchase decision. The results also show that product quality, price fairness, and brand image affect customer value. Based on these findings, in developing LCGC, manufacturers must pay attention to product quality, build brand reputation, and create more value for consumers.

The research aimed to identify which countries could be segmented as a potential tourism market for Indonesia to increase quality tourists. The researchers used quantitative methods with descriptive statistical analysis techniques to describe the average expenditure per visit and the length of stay. It was conducted by modifying the quadrant model. The result shows that there are countries included in the market with the prospect of quality tourists. Those are Saudi Arabia, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, Belgium, Russia, France, Germany, Austria, Finland, Italy, Spain, Norway, Denmark, Canada, United Kingdom, New Zealand, USA, Portugal, Egypt, Pakistan, and Australia. The government needs to optimize those countries to become the main market. Therefore, the revenue from the tourism sector can be better optimized.

The research aimed to support Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) theories such as Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Security (SECU), Brand Loyalty (BL), Behavioural Intention (BI), and the marketing models, Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM), on the use of mobile payments of the Generation Z. The researchers used the quantitative method. Using a non-probability sampling method with a convenience sampling technique, there were 100 respondents of Generation Z. The data were then analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS). The results show that PEOU has no significant effect on BI. SECU and BL affect BI significantly. Then, BI has a significant impact on EWOM. It means that PEOU is not an important factor for Generation Z to use mobile payment. SECU and BL make the Generation Z continue to use mobile payment without worrying about data privacy issues because BL is embedded in their mind. As a result of BI, Generation Z will do marketing in the form of EWOM to their closest friends or relatives via social media.

This research analyzes the specificity and potential of cultural networks through a mixed methodology, based on qualitative research, network analysis, and project management tools. The work of cultural agents as active actors and mediators between organizations and cultural groups is highlighted. The first observations show the high level of belonging to multiple external networks of the same actors, which was initially believed to be a risk for the survival of the same network over time. A broader network analysis identified the benefits and positive impacts of network multi-membership, especially in the exchange of information and resources in the shortest time possible.

Purpose: The first aim of this study is to train and to improve the leadership competencies of transformational, team-building, and strategic thinking using the principals of deep learning. The second aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention according to the decision-based evaluation model. Method: A semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test was used. We got 10 of managers using a simple random method. Then, participants responded scales on self-efficacy, knowledge and situational judgment tests in the pretest and posttest. We used a workshop as our main intervention in which all participants were trained with a structured training program. The time interval between the pretest and posttest was one month. Result: The results showed this training program enhanced the transformational leadership competency in all three dimensions of affective, cognitive and behavior in the decision-based evaluation model. However, it was found that the intervention did not similarly enhance the team-building competency. The same intervention program only enhanced the strategic thinking competency in the affective dimension. Conclusion: This structured training program provided a foundation to develop the leadership competencies in the component level. Upon these findings, it is recommended to consider the capability of the enhancement in leadership competencies while we design a training intervention.

The purpose of the current research was the study of the structural relationships of cognitive self-regulation and occupational-wellbeing with mediators job-burnout and job-satisfaction in secondary high- school teachers. The research was descriptive and correlation- design. The Society included male and female teachers were teaching in the secondary highschools in 2017-2018 academic year (N=837). The sample was selected through multistage cluster sampling (n=204). The used tests were Matern and Bauer (2014) Cognitive Self-Regulation, Shultz (2008) ccupational well-being, Maslach and Jackson (1986) Job-Burnout and, Judge, Locke, Durham, Kluger (1998) Job- Satisfaction, Lim-Ho & Tung-Au (2006) Teacher Job-Satisfaction. In order to analyse structural equations modeling method and SPSS-22 and AMOS-22 were used. The results showed insignificant direct path of the cognitive self-regulation to the occupational well-being (β= 0/09, α= 0/398), significant indirect effect of cognitive self-regulation on the occupational well-being and improved general fit indices of proposal theoretical model and the coefficient of determination by correcting the model (GFI=0/90، CFI=0/90، RMSEA=0/08/ PNFI=0/64، PRATIO=0/76, R^2 =0/77). It is concluded that Considering that cognitive self-regulation is learnable in short interventions, improving occupational well-being of teachers with decreasing in the job-burnout and increasing in the job-satisfaction is feasible.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of abusive supervision on job tension and deviance among employees of selected banks in Najaf Abad city with their self-regulatory mediator role. Methodes: The statistical population of the study is 435 employees from selected banks in Najafabad city. They was selected randomly based on the Morgan table, a sample of 217 people from among them. To measure the variables of the research, Tepper’s (2000) abusive supervision questionnaire and Tangney’s (2008) self-regulation questionnaire, House and Rizzo’s (1972) job tension questionnaire and Bennett and Robinson’s (2000) job devince questionnaire were used. Reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. Structural equation modeling and PLS software were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of the research showed that abusive supervision has an effect on employee deviation. Also, abusive supervision is indirectly affected on job tension by employee self-regulation. Conclusion: abusive supervision is one of the factors that increase tension and deviation in the employees. Employees can protect themselves from tensions or deviations when have acquired self-regulation skills. Therefore, employees can use self-regulation to reduce abusive supervision destructive effects.

چکیده هدف پژوهش حاضرمقایسه اثربخشی آموزش هوش معنوی و تاب آوری بر رفتارهای ضد تولید کارکنان بود. روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی از نوع پیش آزمون-پس آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی کارکنان بخش های تولیدی مجتمع فولاد گیلان بود که از 255 نفر کارکنان، 60 نفر دارای بالاترین نمره در رفتارهای ضد تولید به صورت تصادفی در سه گروه (20 نفر،آموزش هوش معنوی؛ 20 نفر، آموزش تاب آوری ؛ 20 نفر، بدون آموزش) گمارده شدند. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامه رفتار ضد تولید) فوکس و اسپکتور، 2002) بود که آزمودنی های 3 گروه در دو مرحله پیش آزمون و پس آزمون به آن پاسخ دادند. گروه های آزمایش در جلسات مداخله ای مبتنی بر برنامه های آموزشی هوش معنوی و تاب آوری ( 8 جلسه) شرکت کردند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس چند متغیری و از آزمون بونفرنی به منظور مقایسه تفاضل نمرات پیش آزمون-پس آزمون متغیرهای گروه های آزمایشی و گواه استفاده شد. یافته ها نشان داد برنامه های آموزشی هوش معنوی و تاب آوری بر بهبود رفتارهای ضد تولید کارکنان اثربخش هستند، و آموزش تاب آوری اثربخش تر بود ه است.بنابراین، پیشنهاد می شود مدیران به ضرورت این برنامه های آموزشی و اثربخشی آن در افزایش بهره وری سازمانی توجه داشته باشند.

The research aimed to highlight the impact of the television commercial (TVC) on Indonesians’ perceptions regarding tourism in Singapore and their behavioral intention to visit Singapore. The research had five variables: hospitality and comfort/security, infrastructures and superstructures, cultural and natural attractions, perceived values, and behavioral intention. It utilized a quantitative method. About 267 samples were collected using a random sampling method. Data analysis was drawn from the mean difference for each variable. The findings indicate that the TVC has positive impacts on the studied variables. The result implies that understanding tourists’ perceptions about Singapore as a travel destination will help the stakeholders to formulate appropriate marketing strategies and position it as a destination choice. However, further research needs to highlight how each variable influences tourists’ behavioral intention to revisit Singapore.

The research aimed to analyze the influence of visual merchandising, store atmosphere, availability of money, and promotional activity on impulse buying behavior in MINISO Pekanbaru. The research applied a quantitative method, and the population was consumers who purchased any product in MINISO Pekanbaru. The sample amounted to 150 respondents with an accidental sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire by asking questions to respondents. Analysis was conducted by using a multiple regression linear approach with IBM SPSS 23. The results show that the store atmosphere does not significantly influence impulse buying behavior. Meanwhile, visual merchandising, availability of money, and promotional activity significantly affect the impulse buying behavior. The results imply that MINISO Pekanbaru has implemented a proper marketing strategy to attract consumers to buy impulsively. However, MINISO Pekanbaru needs to re-consider the display and information placement about the products so that the consumers feel comfortable and content to spend a longer time there.

Today, knowledge plays a fundamental role in achieving the goals of the organization and gaining competitive advantage. KM is the management of the hidden assets of the organization, and this process involves the creation, acquisition, storage, dissemination, sharing and use of knowledge, which is evident in the context of knowledge management. For this reason, managers are expected to have a profound understanding of organizational change and enhance the performance of organizations through investing in knowledge-based projects. On the other hand, one can ensure that knowledge in the organization is properly managed so that individuals learn from the knowledge of the organization at an appropriate level. Therefore, the most important step in this regard is to examine different knowledge management models and identify knowledge management factors in order to improve learning. Therefore, the present article examines models and identifies knowledge management factors in improving students' learning in technical and vocational training units.

Employees' enviousness is one of the most significant issues in working environments, which exerts a considerable influence on their feelings. As a negative feeling, enviousness has not adequately been paid attention to. The purpose of this research was to identify and prioritize the effective factors (individual and organizational) on employee envy. This research is developed-applied in terms of purpose and categorized based on the nature and method of descriptive group. Also, based on the type of data, it can be considered as a case- survey one. The statistical population of this research is 10 academic and organizational experts with experience in human resources or education degree related to human resource management and organizational behavior. According to the literature and research background, 19 factors (personal and organizational) were identified as factors affecting employees' envy. Subsequently, using the multi-criteria decision making DEMATEL techniques, 14 factors were firstly accepted as the most important factors by using DEMATEL technique. In addition, ANP method was used to prioritize factors affecting the envy of employees accepted by DEMATEL method. The results showed that in individual dimension, negative social comparison in the first rank, conscious cognitive assessment of other’s better future in the second rank and awareness of other’s abilities were put in the third rank. Also in the organizational dimension, low level of fairness and justice in organization ranked first, performance evaluation ranked second and leader-member interaction ranked third.

Self-efficacy as one of the most important mechanisms of influence on one's own and one of the most important constructs of positive organizational behavior has been studied less in the field of organizational issues. The aim of this combined research in the first stage, with qualitative research strategy, identifies the components and dimensions of self-efficacy of the managers of knowledge-based organizations and its influential factors, as well as the implications and its impact on collective self-efficacy of employees. This has been done using three coding steps and with the help of the Atlas Quality Assurance Software. Also, the role of important and effective categories on the self-efficacy as the resonant leadership is considered. In the second stage, the relationships of exploration pattern elements in the form of two models of measurement and structural equations have been quantitatively tested using SPSS and AMOS software. For this purpose, a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 204 managers of research companies of Isfahan science and technology town. The results of the test represent the confirmation of all the hypotheses as well as the adequacy of the conceptual model of the research.

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate simultaneous problems of batch scheduling and operator assignment with time-changing effects caused by learning and forgetting.Design/methodology/approach: A number of parts will be processed in batches, each of which will be processed through a number of operations where there are alternative operators for each operation bringing different set up and processing times as operators experience different degree of learning and forgetting. A mathematical model is developed for the problems, and the decision variables are operator assignment, the number of batches, batch sizes and the schedule of the resulting batches. A proposed algorithm works by trying different number of batches, starting from one, and increasing the number of batches one by one until the objective function value does not improve anymore.Findings: We show both mathematically and numerically that the closest batch to the due date always becomes the largest batch in the schedule, and the faster operators learn, the larger the difference between the closest batch to the due date and the other batches, the lower optimal number of batches, and the lower the total actual flow time.Originality/value: Previous papers have considered the existence of alternative operators but have not considered learning and forgetting, or have considered learning and forgetting but only in a single-stage system and without considering alternative operators.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate ethical leadership relationships with responsibility and accountability with an emphasis on ethical atmosphere. Method: The present research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of data collection, it is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this research included all staff members of Urmia University, that among them 217 person were selected by simple random sampling method as the research sample. A standard questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: The results of statistical analysis showed that moral leadership has a direct and positive effect on social responsibility, individual responsiveness and ethical climate. Also, the ethical climate has a direct and positive effect on social responsibility and individual accountability. At the same time, ethical leadership by mediating moral atmosphere has an indirect and positive effect on social accountability and individual accountability. Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be concluded that ethical leadership has the most relevance to the ethical atmosphere. Also, by confirming the role of mediator of ethical atmosphere, ethical leadership has an indirect, positive, and meaningful effect on individual accountability and social responsibility

The research examined characteristics of CEO and audit fees on audit delay related to changes in mandatory IFRS adoption. In the setting, gender and audit fees were the level of risk tolerance, overconfidence, diligence, and monitoring intensity. As a result, these individual differences were likely to be reflected in audit delay in financial reporting decisions. Using firm data levels between 2008 and 2016 with multivariate regression, the researchers provided empirical evidence supporting the hypothesis that the characteristics of CEO and audit fees were the determinants of audit delay. There are several findings. First, the financial expertise of the CEO has more significant percentages in mandatory IFRS adoption than voluntary IFRS adoption. It is associated with a shorter delay. Second, having a female CEO and appointing a female and minority CEO will increase the likelihood that firms will issue financial reports more timely. Third, higher audit fees in mandatory than voluntary IFRS adoption can decrease audit delay.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between information and communication technology (ICT) on organizational productivity by mediating employees empowerment and job stress (Case study: Shahid Beheshti University staff). The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the staff of Shahid Beheshti University, which was 1187, was sampled consisting of 272 people who were randomly selected. The productivity scale of Hersey and Goldsmith (1980), occupational stress (UK Health and Safety Institute, 1990) and Spritzer Empowerment (1995) were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using structural equation method. The results show that ICT alone as well as ICT through empowerment mediation leads to organizational productivity. ICT, taking into account the intermediary of occupational stress, also reduces organizational productivity. It is suggested that, in order to increase productivity in the organization, decision support systems and executive information systems create and use To be. Keywords: Job Stress, Organizational Productivity, Empowerment, Information and Communication Technology

The research dealt with factors affected the different Information Communication and Technology (ICT) adoption rate among Asian countries. The primary purpose was to examine the impact of national wealth and culture on the behavioral adoption of ICT empirically among selected countries in Asia. Data were collected from the World Bank, World Economic Forum, and Hofstede’s cultural dimension index. Statistical correlation and multiple regression were utilized to analyze the dataset, such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as a proxy for national wealth and Hofstede’s cultural dimension as a proxy for culture. The result shows a significant relationship between GDP per capita and uncertainty avoidance on the national ICT adoption index. This finding contributes to improving the acknowledgment of the GDP and national culture as the antecedent of ICT adoption in the global field. Practically, the research updates the previous similar ones and proposes further empirical research to extend the scope of analysis.