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The article deals with scientific and geographical features of the study of natural and cultural heritage in the mainstream of development of education for sustainable development. The analysis of researches of scientists-geographers in the field of heritage study allowed to conclude that the key geoecological aspects of heritage associated with the idea of heritage as a unique cultural and environmental phenomenon, reflecting the idea of co-creation and the balanced development of man and nature. Natural heritage is revealed on the basis of specially protected natural areas and cultural heritage - based cultural landscape. Presents ideas important use in the study of natural and cultural heritage in school geographic education. A special place is given to the school of geography of Russia and geoecological studies that create the preconditions for cognitive, value, activity-based heritage study. The content of these courses provides the motivation of pupils to study natural and cultural heritage, promotes awareness of the involvement of pupils in their conservation in line with the ideas of sustainable development.