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In bathymetric Airborne LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) for the measurement of various water depths, the echo of the laser signal is amplified by an amplifier circuit, the water surface is usua...

The STM32 board has an on‐board ST‐LINK debugger/programmer with USB connectivity. Pins on the STM32 board can be used for various purposes. The microcontroller on the STM32 board can be programmed easily by the on‐board ST‐LINK debugger/programmer. The USB connection for debugging/programming purposes can be used to power the board. Central processing unit (CPU) is the main module responsible for organizing all operations within the microcontroller. The CPU in the STM32 microcontroller is based on the Arm Cortex‐M7 architecture. The microcontroller needs a medium to keep the code to be executed and variables to be operated on. The timer module is responsible for all time‐based operations within the microcontroller. The DC motor is extensively used in digital control applications. The DC motor drive expansion board can be used in different settings, such as driving up to two bidirectional motors, up to four unidirectional motors, one high‐power bidirectional motor or two high power unidirectional motors.

Table lamps have long been one of the necessities of people’s life and work, as they appear and are used very frequently in household lighting equipment. Table lamps provide the right amount of light for people to work and study in their daily lives. Compared with the general traditional desk lamp, intelligent desk lamps provide a more comfortable lighting environment for people to read, work and study. The paper firstly analyzes the system scheme of the intelligent desk lamp and completes the hardware selection, using STM32F103C8T6 as the main control, HR-SR501 module as the pyroelectric module of the intelligent desk lamp. HC-SR04 ultrasonic distance measures sensor for distance measurement. Bluetooth module HC-05 is the wireless control module of the lamp. Then the interface circuit design of each functional module is completed by drawing schematic diagram through Altium Designer. The program design of each function by drawing program flowchart is completed. The program is written through keil5. Finally, the automatic adjustment of lighting intensity, posture reminder, human infrared sensing and wireless control of the intelligent lamp are realized through a combination of hardware and software. Desk lamp has the advantages of simple operation, energy saving, sitting posture reminder, automatic dimming and wireless control, etc. Compared with the general traditional desk lamp, it solves the problems of traditional desk lamp control not simple enough, high energy consumption and being easy to cause visual fatigue or myopia; therefore, it has high application value and market value.

The article considered the problem of determining the position in three-dimensional space. This is one of the key stages in the creation of UAVs, which over the past few years have become very popular and at the same time useful. Since UAVs are capable of performing a wide range of tasks: monitoring various environmental parameters, delivering food and shopping, extinguishing fires, races and competitions, filming videos, etc. Solving the problem of determining the position in space allows you to obtain the value of the tilt angle using the accelerometer and the instantaneous angular velocity thanks to the gyroscope. That, in turn, allows you to determine the movement, falling of an object or collision with an obstacle in order to go around it. In the work, the configurations of the UAV and communication links were determined. And also the principle of data processing by a microcontroller from combined sensors was given on the example of using the GY-521 module. The main element of the GY-521 module is the MPU-6050 microcircuit, which combines a 3-axis gyroscope, a 3-axis accelerometer and a thermometer in one package. The scope of the module is wide enough, namely for the coordination of various devices - from a simple motion detector to an orientation system for various robots or control of movements by any device. Moreover, a significant advantage of the GY-521 module is its low cost and low power consumption. Thanks to the implementation of internal communication between the STM32 microcontroller and the GY-521 module via the I2C data bus, the operation of the sensor for the orientation of the UAV was tested. Also, a code fragment was shown that demonstrates the module setting that is, setting the operating mode, sensor sensitivity and measuring range of the MPU-6050 sensor and a code fragment for reading the sensor readings. The development environment Keil μVision was used in the work, which is a set of utilities for performing a full range of activities for writing software for microcontrollers in the C++ programming language. The obtained test results of the GY-521 module demonstrate the readings of the accelerometer along the x-axis.

Mine tunnel deformation blocks underground coal mine traffic, or even cause serious security incidents. Aiming at the problem of lack of monitoring method of tunnel deformation, this paper presents a method of tunnel deformation measurement based on laser-radar technology. The measurement method is a non-contact and on-line measurement method. The system is mainly composed of two parts, the host part is composed of computer, ZigBee module and processing software system based on Processing, the slave part is composed of four-rotor craft, STM32 microprocessor, laser radar, ZigBee wireless communication module and power supply module. The new tunnel deformation measurement method based on radar proposed in this paper has the advantage of smaller measurement data error, the data communication and processing speed is qualified and suitable for on-line monitoring.

At this stage, there are more and more researches on the mechanism and application of LED light sources for cardiovascular system diseases. This article focuses on cardiovascular system diseases, and conducts research on the mechanism and application of LED light sources. This paper develops an LED lighting medical experiment detection platform based on embedded technology. The equipment uses STM32 microprocessor as the core controller, using red LED light source chips and a variety of different center wavelength LED light source narrow-band filter film chips.The test results show that the platform is simple to operate, stable and reliable in light intensity, and has a friendly human-computer interaction interface. The light source can be adjusted directly by controlling the display screen to meet the requirements of light medical experiments.

The novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is a global problem that has caused many changes in people's lives. One of the problems is distance education, that has caused a difficulty form of study. Students often do not have required study components, because they are in the home and teacher does not have complete control over them. This paper described remote control and monitor system for the microcontroller technique subject, where the teacher gets possibilities for monitoring each student’s microcontroller program. The subject is focused to the basic peripherals and functionalities of STM32 microcontrollers and internet communication based on the ESP8266 chip. Therefore, the article contains of monitoring module design, remote control application and simple test of the remote-control scanner for STM32 microcontrollers focused to the distance form of study.

In this paper, a wearable health monitoring system based on wireless data transmission technology is designed for heart and blood health monitoring. In this system, new three-dimensional (3D) graphene foam sensors are used to capture heart rate signals in real time, and a microprocessor STM32 is used as the main control chip for sending the collected data to the mobile device through low-power Bluetooth. Meanwhile, the blood oxygen and blood pressure data are collected by the mobile device, and then, the acquired physical health data and location information are packaged, stored and sent to the cloud server through 4G communication circuit, so the remote monitoring of the physical health of the subject in real time by the cloud server can be realized.

In this paper, a new technique to monitor and control bidirectional DC-DC converter was designed and implemented precisely. A prototype of a complete system is verified with efficient communication capabilities. This system is realized by integrating the internet of things (IoT) operating system and the bidirectional DC-DC converter. The IoT communication facilities further develop and extend the platform for this system. The DC-DC converter with the soft switching technique will then convert the battery voltage to a high voltage of 380V inverter bus in emergencies via boost converter mode. High-frequency toroidal transformer has been used for power level shifting and isolation between the primary and secondary sides of the transformer. The closed-loop control scheme is implemented in software by using a high-performance 32-bit STM32 micro controller. IoT technique is used to find current, voltage and perform the communication smoothly through Wi-Fi sensors to complete the design of the system. The results of the proposed system prove the effectiveness of the proposed system with high-performance specifications.

In real life, we want to understand our own health status and prevent the risk of disease outbreaks. We need to monitor the physical signs in real time, store and analyze the data, and call the police in time if there is an emergency. According to this requirement, this article designed a multifunctional portable smart health tester based on STM32F407, with Cprtex-M4 32-bit high-performance STM32F407ZGT6 microcontroller as the control core, HP-6 heart rate and blood pressure detection module, LCD screen display module, GSM module, The voice broadcast module is composed of not only the function of checking the time and date, setting the alarm clock, but also the functions of heart rate and blood pressure detection, voice broadcast, SMS sending, etc., to provide safety guarantee for the user’s health monitoring, and to prevent diseases and dangers in time. The system can accurately detect heart rate and blood pressure in real time and display it on the LCD screen. It can send fixed text messages, play fixed voices, realize alarm timing and modify time functions, and meet the daily needs of users. The GSM short message notification module and voice broadcast module in the design can be manually turned off by the user and the heart rate and blood pressure detection module is controlled by buttons to achieve low power consumption and humanization. It is suitable for users of all ages, especially the elderly. The non-invasive health tester designed in this paper can monitor and diagnose for a long time, and provide help for general users’ treatment before entering the hospital and nursing after leaving the hospital, and the implementation of monitoring provides protection for the health of users.

A single sensor is used to obtain welding information in welding monitoring process, but this method has some shortcomings. In order to obtain more comprehensive and reliable welding information, this paper designed and built a welding multi-information wireless monitoring system with STM32-F407ZET6 as the control core and ALK8266 as the wireless transmission module. Real-time acquisition, transmission and display of electric arc signal and welding image information are realized in the monitoring system. This paper mainly introduces the hardware and software core of the monitoring system. At the same time, the signal collected by the monitoring system is compared with the original signal, and the accuracy of the remote monitoring system is tested. The monitoring system is used in welding test. The test results show that the accuracy of the monitoring system meets the requirements, and the on-line monitoring of electric arc signal and welding image can be realized in the welding process.

The exploration of wearable strain sensors with new characteristics and functionalities could fuel the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology for the healthcare industry. Herein, we present a flexible, waterproof, and highly sensitive strain sensor that is fabricated by integrating graphene (G), carbon black (CB), and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) into the three-dimensional (3D) framework of commercial Ni sponge via a simple, cost-effective, and scalable drop-coating method. The G/CB/Ni strain sensor demonstrates good flexibility, high sensitivity (gauge factor of 138 at 16% strain), and long-term stability. The G/CB/Ni sensor could not only precisely monitor subtle human motions such as pulse, blinking, and swallowing, but it also shows potential in testing muscle strength. A wireless sensor system that consists of the G/CB/Ni strain sensor, an STM32 controller, a ZigBee module, and a portable power source is assembled, which enables remote transmission of data collected from the sensor to the computer wirelessly. The G/CB/Ni sensor also exhibits excellent waterproofness and can be safely used to monitor human motions under humid conditions and in water. The G/CB/Ni strain sensor featuring flexibility, high sensitivity, and waterproofness has great potential for applications in healthcare management, personal rehabilitation training, and outdoor motion monitoring.

In order to realize the automated operation of continuous cell culture to reduce the work intensity of researchers and establish the steady-state growth of cells, this paper designed a continuous cell culture system using LED light source, photoelectric sensor, liquid level sensor and STM32 processor, it can automatically measure OD and control the addition of fresh medium. In this system, photoelectric sensor is used to receive the light sent by LED light source through the cell solution, STM32 processor is used to process the signal to get the OD value of the cell solution. The control terminal controls the operation of charging pump and discharging pump respectively according to the OD value and the feedback signal of the liquid level sensor, so as to establish the automatic operation of continuous cell culture, replace the manual operation by researchers, and avoid the risk of contamination during manual operation. The experimental results show that the system is accurate in OD measurement and has high reliability.

In order to improve the efficiency of logistics handling and save labor costs, this project designs an intelligent material handling robot based on STM32.There are two working modes of intelligent material handling robot. In the automatic mode, task information can be obtained by scanning the QR code, walking and avoiding obstacles in the designated industrial scene, grabbing materials according to different color sequence, and carrying them to the designated position. In the remote-control mode, the remote-control device with matching design can control the movement and grab of the intelligent material handling robot remotely and wirelessly. The intelligent material handling robot also has the functions of uphill and downhill path planning. The experimental results show that the design can realize the functions of autonomous tracking positioning, autonomous handling, visual recognition, remote control and so on. It meets the basic requirements of the design and has a certain reference value in practical application.

With the development of society and the advancement of science and technology, GPS positioning technology is widely used in the fields of traffic navigation, navigation and aviation, geological surveying and national defense and security. This design is an online GPS positioning development system based on STM32, and one is designed based on the STM32 platform. High-precision GPS positioning system. This system is composed of STM32F407ZGT6 microcontroller, GPS positioning module, LCD display and Bluetooth module. The GPS module receives the positioning information from the GPS satellite constellation in real time and transmits the information to the STM32 chip. STM32 communicates GPS information data through NMEA-0183 The agreement is analyzed, and the positioning information obtained after processing includes longitude, latitude, altitude, speed, the number of visible GPS satellites, the number of visible Beidou satellites, the number of GPS satellites used for positioning, UTC date and UTC time, and displays these information On the LCD screen, the positioning information can also be transmitted to mobile devices such as mobile phones through the Bluetooth module. The design system can detect the GPS positioning information of the location at any outdoor location, and the position information can be viewed intuitively through the LCD screen. The detected positioning information is sent to the mobile phone via Bluetooth for more convenient storage, achieving real-time and high accuracy Degree of positioning.

Aiming at the problem of on-line measurement of the flow of oil, gas and water multiphase flow in the production process of oil and gas wells, a set of real-time flow monitoring system based on STM32 and Lora was designed. It realizes realtime monitoring and remote control of flow, temperature and pressure in the production process of oil and gas wells. This system selects STM32F103ZET6 as the main control chip, and uses serial communication to form a data acquisition platform by connecting with sensor acquisition modules such as flow, temperature, and pressure. By using Lora wireless communication technology, real-time measurement data is transmitted to the upper computer and transmitted to Cloud Server. It is verified through the built system experiment platform that the system has the advantages of low power consumption, strong real-time performance, low cost and strong reliability. It has great production guiding significance and value for the optimization of oilfield production and the realization of intelligent well completion.

Aiming at the working characteristics and operating environment of electric submersible pumps in oil wells, this paper designs a real-time monitoring system for the working status of electric submersible pumps based on stm32f103. The design is mainly divided into sensor acquisition module, signal processing module, and data display module. The sensor module mainly realizes the collection of vibration, pressure, flow rate, and water content. The parameters collected by the sensor module are matched with the stm32f103 main control chip to effectively process and analyze the data of the four parameters, and transmit the correct data results through the serial port. Finally, 4G DTU wireless transmission is used to send the data to the server and realize the display of the data terminal. The design realizes the remote real-time monitoring of the working status of the submersible pump and the interaction of information and data with the server, which provides a guarantee for the safe operation of the submersible pump unit, and makes the data monitoring of the submersible pump in the working state more intelligent. It is of great significance to the digital and intelligent monitoring of oil wells.

The memristor technology has a great potential for nonvolatile memory, circuit reconfigurability, and edge computing paradigms. Several such applications rely on the use of dense passive crossbar arrays, which are now becoming commercially available and accessible to researchers. However, experimental measurements on crossbar arrays not only require special caution but also special driving techniques, both for reading and writing of data, while addressing the current sneak-paths problem. This makes highly relevant the development of instrumentation solutions that provide a safe and proper way to experimental work with passive memristive crossbars. In this direction, we present our early design steps towards the development of an instrumentation printed circuit board (PCB) which addresses the characterization and testing of memristive crossbar chips. The PCB will be interfaced through a STM32 microcontroller system and has a PCI socket compatible with crossbar chips sold by Knowm Inc. We present the driving circuitry in detail and LTspice circuit simulation results that verify/quantify the performance of reading/writing processes.

With the continuous development of integrated circuit technology and digital processing technology, this article designed a portable low-power multifunction digital oscilloscope based on STM32F407ZGT6. The input signal can be processed through the signal conditioning circuit, and the ADC module carried by the main control chip STM32 is used to collect external signals, using a 3.5-inch TFT-LCD to display the processed signal waveform. The added touch screen makes the operation more convenient. The software ported the UCOS-II embedded operating system and the graphical support system UCGUI in embedded applications to form a complete real-time operating system. After actual testing, the oscilloscope has the characteristics of high real-time performance, low power consumption, stable and practical performance. And it has strong practical value and promotion value.

Most of the intelligent windows sold on the market are simple windows that can only be opened and closed by remote control, or windows that can be linked with curtains and exhaust fans to achieve other functions. Their functions are relatively single, which can not fully reflect the advantages of “intelligence”, and they are not real intelligent windows. Therefore, in view of this problem, a new type of intelligent window was designed. The design of the window includes the structure design and the control system design based on STM32 MCU. At the same time, the key technology of tracking the sun light and reflecting the sunlight into the room was studied. The angle relationships between the outgoing light and the rotation axis of the mirror louver, the plane of the louver, the incident light and the outgoing light were determined. According to these relationships, the angle of the louver was controlled and adjusted, so as to reflect the outdoor sunlight into the room. Finally, it can realize four functions, such as opening and closing automatically, rain proof, inducing wind and improving indoor lighting, so that it can become a real intelligent window.

As a new generation of clean energy, hydrogen fuel cells have been used in the marine industry, and their safety monitoring is an important measure to ensure the safe operation of ships. The system uses multiple sensors to determine the current operating status through real-time information fusion, and uses pulse width to regulate the flow rate of the inlet valve to achieve safe control of the hydrogen fuel and maximise its output power. The article analyses the composition of the control system, the sensor system and its working principle, and uses an STM32-based microprocessor to design the safety control hardware and give the implementation flow of its software algorithm. The test results show that the system is capable of monitoring the safety of the marine hydrogen fuel cell under operating conditions and can cut off the inlet valve in case of emergency to achieve the safety control function.

For the lack of humanization of alarm clock design in the market, that is, LED display and monotonous electronic sound are widely used, a color screen alarm clock control system is proposed in this paper, which is controlled by STM32. FATFS is transplanted to improve the capacity of memory and carry out diversified data processing; the bitmaps in the SD card are read and analyzed, and then displayed on the TFT LCD screen; different music and pictures are stored in SD card to give different ringtones and change different themes to ease people’s mood. On APP, the clock is adjusted via WIFI to avoid cumbersome operation caused by the use of physical keys. The alarm can be turned off by non-contact induction of infrared sensor. Finally a diversified and humanized color screen alarm clock control system is realized.

The system uses STM32 as the main control SCM, esp8266 as WiFi module, WiFi receives and processes the control signal from mobile phone, transmits the signal through the serial port communication of SCM, so as to realize the mobile phone control motor drive, and LCD module displays the current status of the car. L293N is used as the motor driving module, and Bluetooth is used to send instructions to control the movement track of the car. The system used the modular design, through making and debugging the system, it runs well. The system can be better applied in the wireless communication control, and has a good reference for the unmanned driving and wireless short distance control.

In order to make the greenhouse environment monitoring system more intelligent, a remote monitoring system design scheme for the greenhouse environment is proposed. The scheme is based on the Internet of Things technology and STM32 microprocessor is set as the central control foundation. The relevant sensors are used to collect various environmental parameters, such as light, temperature and humidity required by crops in real time. The data is uploaded by using the NB-IOT communication module and the edge computing nodes are set to assist the cloud platform in anomaly detection. And then the ARIMA model is used to predict the change trend of environmental parameters, the test results are displayed on the terminal platform to monitor and manage the greenhouse planting environment. Experiments show that the system can make comprehensive analysis based on the collected relevant data, and take reasonable measures when it is necessary. It has good practicality and economy. In addition, it also has the advantages of low power consumption, real-time transmission, remote monitoring, etc., which reduces the workload for the staff.

In order to detect metal objects, ldc1314 sensor is used, which is based on the principle of eddy current. When a metal object is close to the sensor, the inductance L will change due to mutual inductance, which will cause the frequency change in the oscillation circuit LC. It is converted into digital quantity and output to microprocessor by IIC interface. The microprocessor can process it and perceive metal objects. Effective distance up to 10 cm.

With the increasing number of motor vehicles, the problem of traffic accidents follows. The survey shows that fatigue driving and heart diseases have become important causes of traffic safety accidents. In addition to real-time monitoring of the driver’s physiological health, the design also uses the electrocardiogram and grip strength signals to determine the driver’s fatigue level. Based on the important physiological information contained in the electrocardiogram signal and the basis of the time domain and time–frequency domain feature transformation of the grip strength signal, the fatigue characteristics were analyzed. The design uses STM32 as the control core, the steering wheel cover as the medium, and built-in electrode chips and pressure sensors to collect real-time ECG signals to determine the physiological health of the driver; at the same time, the ECG signal and the grip signal are analyzed at the same time, and the fatigue of the driver is analyzed. Real-time monitoring of the degree ensures the accuracy and stability of the system. In addition, the Bluetooth module is connected to the mobile phone terminal to realize the wireless communication function, and the terminal monitors various indicators of the driver’s body and the degree of fatigue in real time. When the body changes suddenly, the danger level is predicted, and the voice reminds the driver; and when the danger level is high, the satellite accurately locates and transmits the position to the family and the hospital in time, which is convenient for finding and timely rescue. When the driver feels tired or drowsy, the mobile phone terminal reminds or wakes up the driver through voice to realize the human–computer interaction function and prevent the occurrence of traffic accidents.

Based on STM32 MCU and HC-05 module, a wireless temperature and humidity detection system is designed. In this system, STM32 is taken as the control core, the digital temperature and humidity sensor AM2303 with low power consumption and fast response is used to collect temperature and humidity signals, and bluetooth technology is used to transmit the detected environmental information, thus completing the remote communication with the upper computer. The problem of complicated wiring of traditional wired monitoring system is solved. Through Bluetooth module, the communication between STM32 single chip microcomputer and host computer can realize the real-time detection of environmental temperature and humidity. When there is danger in the room, the mobile phone or work computer can receive warning signals in time. The experimental results show that the system has the advantages of good real-time, high data transmission reliability and good intelligence, Meanwhile, the cable is saved and the cost is reduced.

Gesture remote control pick-up car is divided into remote control part and car part. The remote-control part can set the control type, capture the hand posture, display data and transmission data; the car part captures the manipulator's posture and display data, and calculates and controls by receiving the hand data. Make the manipulator and man's hand posture consistent, and also can control the car's driving by the man's hand posture. The manipulator is made with a 3D printer and uses a steering gear as a power device with three degrees of freedom. Use the STM32 series microprocessor as the control chip, read the data from the attitude sensor, perform calculation and filtering, solve the attitude, and achieve remote object retrieval by controlling peripheral devices.

The dimming control system with high efficiency and energy saving, simple and convenient operation is of great significance to daily life and industrial production. This paper we uses STM32 as the control core, designs a dimming control system based on PWM dimming mode and Bluetooth to send control commands. The experimental results show that the system can realize the smooth adjustment of the brightness of the four LEDs remotely

With the rapid development of science and technology and social needs, various service robots have been widely used in cleaning, medical treatment, tour guide, security and other fields of daily life, and they are constantly changing people's lifestyles and improving people's living standards and quality .Based on the research on the application technology and development of service robot in recent years, depending on the deep learning method in artificial intelligence, this paper proposes and designs an intelligent service robot, which is used to provide users with intelligent navigation, voice interaction and beverage bottle recycling and other functional services in shopping malls, airports, convention and exhibition centers. The robot takes STM32 microprocessor as the core of the control system, carries NVIDIA TX2 artificial intelligence board, and is equipped with autonomous navigation and positioning module and various sensors. Through self-developed application control program, the robot can realize autonomous navigation, walking, voice dialogue and other functions; at the same time, it adopts the target detection algorithm single shot multibox detector based on deep learning (SSD) realizes the recognition of different beverage bottles and recycles them to the robot, and gives users corresponding bonus points. Experiments show that the intelligent service robot can complete the tasks of autonomous navigation, voice interaction and beverage bottle recycling.

In this paper, a smart mobile robotic arm based on gesture control is designed, which is constituted of a remote-control smart car with a robotic arm equipped on the car. The gesture recognition sensor is the Leap Motion module and uses the Processing API function on the PC to locate the position information of both hands in 3D space and convert it into various control data. It uses Bluetooth and the car system to communicate. The car system uses the STM32’s NUCLEO-F411RE development board as the controller to analyze and process the gesture data received by Bluetooth accordingly. The left-hand gesture signal was implemented for the movement control of the car, and the right-hand gesture signal is converted into 5 steering gear PWM signals to control the robot arm Elbow and wrist motion and grab. The experimental results show that the car and robot arm can complete the response accurately and quickly, and implement various remote control according to gestures.

Triggered from the actual needs of many engineering applications, an intelligent totalizer that can measure the temperature, pressure, instantaneous flow and cumulative flow of the measured gas and upload these parameters to the cloud is designed. This integrator uses dual STM32 chips, flow calculation related formula mathematical models and algorithms to complete the measurement and calculation of related parameters of the measured gas. The system hardware principle block diagram and software algorithm flow chart are given, and combined with the system The design plan describes the main functional modules; the inspection results of the relevant departments show that the totalizer has high detection accuracy, stable and reliable operation, and has been gradually applied in the market.

The Zero-Power Signal Conditioning IP (ZeSCIP) aims to operate in an autonomous environmental sensor node with energy harvester-extended life time. In this application, the sensor analog frontend has to process environmental signals of different nature, while it is confronted with power and space limitations and low operating voltages. In a flexible modular setup, the ZeSCIP analog frontend is attached to commercial sensors, which represent a specific air quality sensing scenario. This multi-sensor module is stacked to an ARM Cortex M4-based STM32 Nucleo™ board, creating an operational test setup of a modular sensor node, controlled via USB link. In measurement, the module consumes only $35.5\ \mu\mathrm{W}$ during processing of light, CO gas and temperature sensor signals, which makes it suitable to be autonomously powered by energy harvesters.

With the improvement of science and technology, the application of ARM is more and more extensive, Cortex-M3 is a new product launched by ARM. Cortex-M3 is a 32-bit processor core, using ARMv7-M architecture, which has high advantages in low cost and low power consumption. In this paper, the ARM Cortex-M3 and STM32 microcontrollers are studied. By selecting a semiconductor STM32 F103ZET6 development board, the basic module GPIO of STM32 is studied, and then the timer is used to generate PWM (pulse width modulation) output. PWM is an effective technique that uses the digital output of a microprocessor to get command of analog circuits, and is widely applied in many fields from measurement and communication to rate of work command and conversion. Therefore, the study of PWM technology has very important practical significance [1] [2]. The time of the timer is the period of the PWM. By calculating the square wave frequency and duty cycle, the timer and IO port are configured, and finally the PWM output is completed.

In order to meet the demand of precise temperature control of optical crystal in laser, a multi-channel precise temperature control system based on Tec is designed. The fuzzy algorithm is used to control and adjust the PID parameters automatically, so as to adapt to the variable parameter temperature control characteristics of different temperature ranges. The STM32 microprocessor is used as the main processing chip, and the platinum resistance PT1000 is used as the temperature sensor to control the heating or cooling of Tec module driven by H-bridge circuit, so as to realize the precise temperature control of the controlled object. A set of 4-way temperature precise control system is designed and completed. The experiment shows that the stability of the system is better than plus or minus 0.002 degrees in the temperature control range of -20-120 degrees Celsius, which meets the demand of multi-channel precise temperature control.

The safety of human-machine interaction is very important in intelligent manufacturing, and the main purpose of ensuring safety is to enable the robot to receive information about the surrounding environment through proximity sensors, which can achieve good interaction between the machine and humans. In view of the current shortcomings of electronic skins, such as poor flexibility, lack of proximity sensing system, and the immeasurable magnitude of force after contact, we design a composite sensor that can realize proximity and small force haptics in this paper. We use flexible materials such as copper foil, polyimide, polyurethane and a new type of semiconductor material based on super capacitor and design a double-layer pressure-capacitance sensing structure based on the principle of human induced capacitance, variable dielectric constant and variable pitch capacitance. And we use STM32, FDC2214 chip to build a complete information acquisition and processing system.

In recent years, the rapid development of the shipping industry at sea has become an essential part of China’s economic development. Large ships carry more items, and changes in temperature and humidity in the closed cabin are especially crucial for preserving items. To grasp the change of temperature and humidity in the cabin in time, an intelligent distributed temperature and humidity collection system based on narrowband Internet of things is designed. The system combines microprocessor module (STM32), sensor module, and narrowband Internet of things to realize a real-time collection of temperature and humidity in the cabin and alarm function when the change exceeds the threshold. The mobile APP is used to realize remote monitoring and data collection monitoring. narrowband internet of things; temperature and humidity collection; STM32; remote control.

In the work, a measuring complex based on the STM32 microcontroller is described and tested, which makes it possible to study the characteristics of a photoresistor operating in dynamic mode at different light levels and load resistance. A method for automatically determining the lifetime of nonequilibrium carriers with linear and quadratic recombination laws is proposed and tested. Unlike traditional methods of measuring the inertial characteristics of photoresistors, the developed setup does not use an oscilloscope and a generator (chopper) that generates an alternating light flux. That allowed significantly reducing the dimensions and costing of the complex, as well as automating the measurement process. A frequency synthesizer is used to study the frequency response of a photoresistor over a wide frequency range.

At present, people's lifestyle is more and more diverse, and people's eating habits are constantly changing. In this case, people's health is facing great challenges. The sudden rate of various heart rate chronic diseases is also rising. Under the heart rate detection, it can be prevented in advance so that the disease can be effectively treated. This paper designs an intelligent heart rate detection system, which can real-time detect its own heart rate. When the heart rate beats too fast, the voice prompt will be given, and every time the heart rate value detected will be sent to the family through wireless transmission. The heart rate system satisfies the requirements of heart rate LCD display, voice prompt and Bluetooth transmission. It has certain application value for medical treatment.

At present, in the process of opening and closing the curtains, because people in the interior of the time is limited, can not be timely and effective control curtains according to the room outside of the light intensity and the indoor temperature, thus resulting in the best effect can not get curtains of the problem, so put forward a kind of automatic control system of STM32 based on the curtains. The system comprises a temperature sensor module, a light sensor module, a clock module, a motor module, a liquid crystal display module and a manual control module. After the actual test, the system is simple and convenient, can carry automatic and manual mode to open and close the curtain, can meet the actual needs, can be a wide range of promotion.

A miniature portable laser ranging system based on an STM32 microcontroller and VL53L0X time-of-flight laser ranging sensor was developed. An LCD display indicates the real time measured range value. Two working modes with different accuracy and detectable range were designed. These comprise high accuracy and long-distance modes which make the equipment very versatile for real applications. Following code optimization and verification by calipers, the relative measurement error is around 1% – 2% for both modes.

The extensive increase in photovoltaic (PV) system installations is related to the drop in the renewable energy equipments cost. A big number of these PV generation systems are installed in inaccessible locations. Therefore, sophisticated wireless data acquisition systems are required for the monitoring of these installations. In this context, the present paper deals with a low cost measurement system based on an STM32 microcontroller. This system aims to measure the current and the voltage and to calculate the resulting power and energy of a residential PV system. The collected data are stored into a micro SD card, and are sent to the user via Bluetooth. This measurement system will afford a real time monitoring of the installation that will facilitate its maintenance, fault detection and will provide a record of all the data at fixed intervals.

This paper implements an intelligent marking system based on STM32F407ZGT6 MUC, which can realize automatic correction of simple four arithmetic expressions. First, the test paper information is collected through ALIENTEK OV2640 camera module, and then the digital image is disposed through character segmentation, character extraction and other operations, and the trained le-net model is used for character recognition and arithmetic expression correction. Finally, the correction results are displayed on TFT LCD. The test results show that the system is accurate and has a good application prospect.

For the electronic water pump, the no-load current characteristic is one of the important indicators to measure the quality of the water pump. The start and stop status of the electronic water pump can be expressed by its no-load current characteristic. By testing the no-load current of the electronic water pump, the eligibility and reliability of the product can be judged. This paper describes the design and implementation of an electronic water pump no-load current test system, including the power module circuit design, the host computer and slave computer design. The power module uses pure hardware circuit. The slave computer mainly uses STM32 MCU as the main control chip to build the hardware-circuit. The host computer software is mainly built on the Qt platform, using Python as the development language, realizing the data transmission, storage of the lower computer and the pump code recognition, and transmits the data to the server based on the TCP/IP protocol. The system has efficient human-computer interaction, high degree of automation, fast test speed and high practicability.

The paper deals with a complex hardware design of a battery management system (BMS) for a Formula Student electric car. This car, built completely by students, has specific requirements, because while being highly demanding application with high power, high voltage tractive system driven in hot summer conditions, simplicity and reliability are very important. To meet the requirements, two separate PCBs were designed, one being integrated inside the segment of battery box to connect to cell voltages and measure temperatures, the other one being on top of the segment to control the system. The control PCB is based on the STM32 microcontroller and the BQ76PL455A-Q1 integrated circuit intended for BMS applications in automotive. The whole system was manufactured and assembled, and basic hardware test was conducted to evaluate the design and get it completely ready for the subsequent software design.

In order to meet the needs of real-time monitoring of experimental environment, the stm32f103c8t6 microcontroller is designed as the core, integrating environmental sensors, function buttons, OLED display, LED lights, etc., to realize real-time detection of temperature, humidity and combustible gas, so as to achieve the purpose of real-time monitoring of experimental environment. The sensor is powered on to detect the environmental data of the laboratory. After the data is converted by external circuit and processed by STM32, the display data is output to the display screen and alarm prompt to the LED lamp and buzzer. The display screen displays the environmental data and alarm gas source prompt. At the same time, LED lights and buzzer are turned on to mix alarm and multiple alarms to remind laboratory researchers. The system is powered by USB or battery. It is portable, portable and easy to monitor anytime and anywhere.

In order to solve the problem that the control system of traditional stepmotor usually controls a single motor and cannot meet the actual demand, a control system of multiple stepmotors based on STM32 and CAN bus is designed in this article. The STM32 with a built-in CAN controller is used as the main controller in this design of control system, the Embedded Debug is chosen as the serial communication software of host computer, the USB-CAN analyzer and TJA1050 transceiver is used to realize CAN communication between microprocessor and host computer, the motor is drived to work through the DRV8825 stepper motor, so as to realize the control of multiple stepper motors. The test result show that the control system can realize the adjustable and controllable of the stepper motor, such as start and stop, forward and reverse rotation, speed and number of steps. And it can control multiple stepping motors at the same time. The experimental results show that the control system achieves the expected functions.

This article first describes the creative idea and practical value of the application of each module in the intelligent car to transform it into an electronic "nursing dog" in the nursing home. The overall system was preliminary analyzed. Then, we built the hardware platform of the STM32 MCU-based automatic driving system based on ARM core, and we built a software platform based on ARM core STM32F103 single chip microcomputer control automatic control system, including the main program of automatic control, sensor data processing program, voluntary obstacle avoidance program and robotic arm grasping procedure. Besides, three communication technologies of wireless WIFI communication, Bluetooth and infrared are selected as the communication technologies of the system. Finally, through joint debugging of the hardware and software parts of the electronic "accompany dog" equipment, the stability and feasibility of the system were verified, and the equipment's photovoltaic-assisted power generation, automatic driving, remote control, video transmission, and robotic arm intelligence Grabbed and looked forward to related research.

Background and Objective Detectors of ankle-brachial index (ABI) are commonly used in cardiovascular patients who have high-risk levels of arteriosclerosis. Increased evidences suggest that patients with arteriosclerosis possess many risks of geriatric and chronic diseases. Meanwhile, new chronic treatments trend from the hospitals toward family and community health centers, but for arteriosclerosis cases have delivered benefits far below instrument costs. Compared to traditional devices based on cuff pressure, cuffless and non-invasive measures have wider application potential in home health care, especially in the case of physically-restricted or severely symptomatic patients. Methods In this study, we developed a simple smartphone-based device for non-invasive ABI monitoring, which consists of four wireless cuffless limbs blood sensors. By identifying and tracking blood flow waveform, a multiparameter fusion (MPF) algorithm is used to estimate blood pressure and generate ABI value. An ARM-based chip STM32 has been adopted as the microcontroller. The ABI calculating program is embedded in C++ and executed by the processor. After generating data, ABI information can be delivered to the smartphone by using Bluetooth. Relying on mobile apps to visualize the data and display on the screen, doctors can monitor cardiovascular patients in real time and analyze the risk levels of arteriosclerosis online. Results In this paper, the detection conducted by the classical Doppler equipment and prototype were recorded respectively. A statistical evaluation of the verification results obtained from 29 patients and 7 sub-health volunteers is given, which shows that our device can achieve 91.80% and 93.84% accuracy for patients and sub-health volunteers, respectively. In addition, the prototype can be performed stably for a continuous long time monitoring. Conclusions According to our studies, the accuracy of our device is sufficient for home medical and chronic disease monitoring within a certain time interval. The smartphone-based ABI device has several apparent advantages over traditional devices, such as portability, cost-effectiveness and energy-efficiency.

Intelligent equipment for photocatalytic degradation of ethylene is of great significance to the preservation of agricultural products. This paper designed a smart photocatalytic equipment which can measure and control ethylene concentration in cold storage in real time, according to the storage environments and ethylene ripening conditions. The smart equipment mainly included STM32 chip, UV light, fan, ethylene concentration sensor, temperature and humidity sensor and photocatalytic reactor device. Through collecting of information from sensors and analysis, the equipment can control the working mode of UV light and the internal circulation fan and accomplish intelligent photodegradation of ethylene. A Mobile phone APP program was also designed to perform data acquisition and control the smart photocatalytic equipment by bluetooth technology. Through the numerical simulation of the intelligent equipment by COMSOL software, the optimal wind speed was obtained and the fan selection was determined. The experimental results showed that the equipment can carry on effective intelligent catalytic degradation of ethylene and grading treatment based on ethylene concentration scale in the cold storage. The equipment can reduce power consumption and obtain optimized degradation efficiency, which can promote photocatalytic decomposition of ethylene in the application of the post-harvest of agricultural products.