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This letter describes the design of a right-hand circularly polarized planar filtenna (filter + antenna) that can reconfigure its operation between two center frequencies in the Ka-band. The filtenna structure is composed of a four-element array radiator and a reconfigurable bandpass filter, occupying an area of 31 × 14 mm. The circularly polarized array elements are fed by a sequential power divider for an enhanced polarization purity. The filter is based on a ring resonator loaded with a variable open stub. The length of the stub extends through a p-i-n diode switch, resulting in a change of the loaded reactance into the ring, and consequently tuning the filter's operating center frequency from 30.3 to 29 GHz. The proposed low-loss filtenna structure exhibits a reconfigurable fractional bandwidth up to 7.74%, a peak realized gain that can reach up to 11.5 dBic, an axial ratio of less than 1 dB, and a sidelobe level that can go as low as −12 dB. The prototype filtenna is fabricated and tested, where the measured results verify the simulated data. A figure of merit is proposed to highlight the superior performance of the presented Ka-band structure in terms of the polarization, size, reconfiguration ability, and radiation characteristics as proven by the comparison with other works in the literature.

This communication proposes the reconfiguration of a coplanar-fed single arm bowtie antenna structure by relying on the integration of a digital tunable capacitor (DTC). The coplanar-fed single arm bowtie antenna is presented in two configurations. The first configuration is a 2-D topology with a modified ground plane arrangement. The second configuration employs vertical folding for the ground plane as well as the radiating arm. In addition, vertical copper inserts are embedded within the bowtie single arm to further enhance the compactness of the structure and transform it into a 3-D topology. Both antennas are initially designed to operate at 868 MHz for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, with a digitally reconfigurable frequency operation for wireless communication. The 2-D antenna structure exhibits a 77% size reduction at the IoT operational frequency of 868 MHz in comparison with a similar rectangular patch antenna operating at the same frequency. On the other hand, the 3-D antenna structure reaches 84% of size reduction at the same frequency. A figure of merit (FOM) is derived to prove the superior performance of the presented antenna structure.

This paper describes the design of a planar antenna array system with pattern reconfiguration in the azimuthal plane. The antenna array system is designed based on four antenna units where each unit is composed of two printed Yagi-Uda elements that radiate in directional beams over a dedicated sector, thus ensuring maximum isolation with neighboring units. The various units are fed on demand through a reconfigurable structure that is composed of four reconfigurable feeding networks and a one-to-four power divider. The feeding structure distributes the required power to the various radiating units through the activation of the two integrated PIN diodes along each of the four reconfigurable feeding networks. Such activation results in 15 reconfigurable radiation patterns that cover four orthogonal sectors over a fixed operating frequency, at 5.8 GHz. Each antenna unit is designed to exhibit a gain of 9 dBi with a half-power beamwidth of 44° and a sidelobe level of −16 dB. The antenna array is fabricated and tested, where the measured results validate the predicted simulated data.

This paper discusses the design of a high gain right-hand circularly polarized millimeter-wave frequency reconfigurable antenna array. The 16-element antenna array is designed to reconfigure its operating frequency over both K- and Ka-bands. More specifically, the reconfigurability is ensured through the integration of a modified ring resonator along with the array’s sequentially rotated stacked feeding network. The ring resonator is designed to reconfigure its operating frequency over four distinct bands with center frequencies at 25 GHz, 26 GHz, 27.75 GHz and 29 GHz, respectively. Such integration enables the proposed millimeter-wave antenna array to exhibit unique radiation characteristics by maintaining circular polarization with an Axial Ratio (AR) < 1 dB in a fractional bandwidth of 37.5% between 21.2 GHz and 31 GHz. A Figure of Merit that takes into account the array’s axial ratio, sidelobe levels and fractional bandwidth is developed to highlight the unique performance of the presented millimeter-wave circularly polarized array in comparison to available work in the literature. The fabricated antenna array shows good agreement with the simulated data where it is found that the measured realized gain exceeds 12 dBic with sidelobe levels of less than −17.5 dB over the various frequency bands of the frequency reconfigurable antenna array.

In this article, a new 3-D printed dual tapered nested antenna design is presented. The antenna is composed of two tapered helical arms that wrap around each other in opposite orientations to exhibit orthogonal circular polarization schemes. The nested tapered helices are 3-D laser printed with copper platting. The outer helical arm is tailored to resonate at 2.4 GHz, while the inner arm is designed for operation at 5.4 GHz. The overall antenna structure is then arranged as an array of elements that can dynamically alter its lattice in either linear or triangular topologies in order to achieve reconfiguration in the radiation pattern. The change in topologies is driven by programmable robots that can reshape the antenna array’s radiation pattern dynamically and on demand. The whole system is measured and tested for various arrangements where the measured results show good agreement with the simulated data.

In this paper, a digitally tuned flexible antenna is proposed for integration onto devices within the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. The antenna design caters for the various IoT communication standards by reconfiguring its operating frequency. Accordingly, the antenna reconfiguration allows operation at 868 MHz, 915 MHz, 1.8 GHz and 2.1 GHz. The reconfiguration is achieved digitally by resorting to a digitally tunable capacitor (DTC). The DTC changes its capacitance, and hence its frequency operation, by relying on 5-bit sequence commands through a microcontroller. The proposed antenna is coplanar waveguide fed with its ground plane surrounding the radiating structure. The gain of the antenna varies between 4 dB and 6 dB for different frequencies of operation. Its radiation efficiency varies between 78% and 92%. The antenna is fabricated and tested on a flexible substrate, where the resulting reconfigurable prototype maintains its performance characteristics for different bent states.

This paper presents novel dual tapered helical antenna structures that are 3D printed and nested within each other for size reduction. Each tapered helical antenna element is designed to operate at a distinct span of frequencies. The two helical antennas are nested together and wrapped in opposite direction to each other in order to satisfy orthogonal polarization. The two helical elements are fabricated using a laser based 3-D printing process where good measured radiation behavior is obtained.

This letter discusses an antenna system that steers its radiation pattern to personalize coverage in a wireless local area network scenario. The change in the pattern occurs either by mechanically rotating or electrically switching the feeding network toward the appropriate antenna structure. The user controls the personalized coverage using an Android-based voice recognition application on a mobile device. Each antenna structure operates at 5.28 GHz with 110 MHz bandwidth and an increased gain around 7.5 dB. The antenna's radiation insures a redistributed sector coverage of two diametrically opposite geographical zones that are 180° apart from each other. A multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) implementation is also proposed with a discussion on the various possible coverage zones. The various antenna concepts are measured, and the results validate the predicted data.

In this letter, a frequency-reconfigurable printed meandered monopole structure is presented. The antenna structure is composed of three radiating parts that are connected through two integrated PIN diodes. Such integration allows the antenna to reconfigure its operation within four frequency bands that correspond to various LTE, UMTS, and GSM channels. A graphical user interface (GUI) using Java is employed to control the states of the switches. The interface allows the control of a microcontroller to supply appropriate current to each of the two diodes. The GUI also simulates a cognitive radio environment where the activation of the corresponding PIN diodes is determined by the users’ activities. A prototype is fabricated and tested as a proof of concept where measured results agree with simulated data.

In this paper, an antenna system that is composed of eight radiating elements is presented. The eight elements consist of a set of four curved dipoles and another set of four straight dipoles, providing two diversity antenna structures. Each curved and straight dipole is designed to produce a focused gain pattern toward one dedicated quadrant. A parasitic printed reflector is introduced into the center section of the top layer of the proposed antenna to enhance the matching and the gain pattern redirection capabilities of each radiating element. In addition, the printed reflector further enhances the isolation between the various elements. The assessment of the proposed diversity antenna system is performed in a rich multipath environment for various propagation scenarios. A diversity gain between 16.5 and 19.1 dB is attained for a 1% probability level and by assuming a Rayleigh fading channel for both structures. The control of the feeding of the various elements for both diversity structures is achieved through the design and incorporation of four reconfigurable feeding networks within the antenna system. Fabrication and testing of various prototypes display very good agreement between the simulation and measured results, which validate the presented designs.

In this paper, the design and implementation of a quadrifilar helix antenna are presented where the four arms are 3-D printed. The antenna structure is miniaturized by resorting to a combination of two approaches. The first approach is based on loading the tips of the four helical arms with circular conductive disks. The size and location of these elements directly affect the antenna’s operating frequency. The second miniaturization approach is based on incorporating an FR-4 dielectric material into the vacant space between the four arms of the quadrifilar helix. As a result, the length of the antenna is reduced by a ratio of 43%. The quadrifilar helix antenna is also designed on top of a ground plane with an optimized conical shape and topology. The antenna is partially fabricated using 3-D printing additive technology, where measurements show great agreement with simulated results.

In this communication, a frequency and pattern reconfigurable V–shaped printed antenna is presented. The proposed structure operates at two different frequency bands. The variation in the frequency of operation is achieved by individually extending the length of each of the two antenna arms. The directional behavior of the proposed antenna structure is improved through the incorporation of a triangular parasitic element within the empty space between the two antenna arms. More specifically, the antenna is able to steer its gain pattern to either the left or right directions based on which arm of the V–shaped printed structure is fed. A prototype structure is fabricated and tested to validate the proposed approach in achieving directional behavior over two distinct frequency bands.

In this paper, a frequency reconfigurable antenna system with a directional selectivity is presented. The reconfiguration of the antenna's radiation characteristics is wirelessly controlled through a mobile phone and a microcontroller. The antenna system is a multi-element radiator composed of four monopoles on top of a hexagonal ground plane, in addition to four rectangular microstrip two-elements antenna arrays. The monopoles and the microstrip arrays are designed to contribute to the communication requirements of the complete system. The position, orientation, and topology of the various antennas are optimized to achieve the required frequency reconfigurability in addition to the variable selective directivity performance. The whole system is fabricated and integrated in a single compact unit controlled by a microcontroller, four servo motors, and a Bluetooth module. The antenna system is tested and the measured results confirm the validity of the proposed design.

A tunable phase shifter is presented in this paper. The phase shifter is built using a multi-material 3D printer and is presented as a proof of concept for a 3D printed Liquid Crystal Device (LCD).

In this paper, a compact reconfigurable semibowtie antenna design operating at 868MHz, 915 MHz, 1.8 GHz and 2.1 GHz is presented. Reconfiguration of the design is achieved by resorting to a digitally tunable capacitor (DTC). The capacitance change of the DTC occurs based on 5 bits sequence commands through a microcontroller. Changing the command sequences leads to frequency reconfiguration. The antenna is waveguide coplanar fed with a gain that varies from 0.2 dB to 2.7 dB in function of the frequency of operation and the reconfiguration state. The presented antenna is proposed for implementation for internet of things (IoT) devices.

The advancement in wireless communications requires the integration of multiple radios into a single platform to maximize connectivity. In this paper, the design process of reconfigurable antennas is discussed. Reconfigurable antennas are proposed to cover different wireless services that operate over a wide frequency range. They show significant promise in addressing new system requirements. They exhibit the ability to modify their geometries and behavior to adapt to changes in surrounding conditions. Reconfigurable antennas can deliver the same throughput as a multiantenna system. They use dynamically variable and adaptable single-antenna geometry without increasing the real estate required to accommodate multiple antennas. The optimization of reconfigurable antenna design and operation by removing unnecessary redundant switches to alleviate biasing issues and improve the system's performance is discussed. Controlling the antenna reconfiguration by software, using Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or microcontrollers is introduced herein. The use of Neural Networks and its integration with graph models on programmable platforms and its effect on the operation of reconfigurable antennas is presented. Finally, the applications of reconfigurable antennas for cognitive radio, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) channels, and space applications are highlighted.

A conical log spiral antenna is presented with a new feeding scheme. This antenna is proposed for deployment on a CubeSat platform where the new feeding technique allows for easier antenna deployment. The antenna is composed of two arms that are wrapped around each other in a log-periodic manner. It is designed on top of a ground plane allowing its bottom feeding property. The feeding network is composed of quarter-wavelengths transmission lines connected to a planar balun. The feeding network along with the balun provides the antenna with the appropriate impedance matching and phase shift between the two arms. The antenna is fabricated and tested. The measurement and simulation results show good agreement.

This paper presents the design of a meander printed monopole antenna dedicated for cognitive radio on mobile devices. The proposed antenna structure is able to reconfigure its operating frequency while preserving its gain pattern characteristics over the different bands. The antenna operation is controlled through a built-in graphical user interface. The interface can control the antenna based on the activity of users in a cognitive radio setup.

International audience; In this paper, a reconfigurable patch antenna design operating at 868MHz for Low Power Wide Area Network (LoRa), 1.58 GHz for Global Positioning System (GPS) and 2.4 GHz for Bluetooth is presented. The design is reconfigurable thanks to the integration of a digitally tunable capacitor (DTC). The DTC capacitance changes according to a 5 bits' sequence command. A microcontroller is used to assign the required sequence, and thus leading to frequency reconfiguration. The antenna is a circular patch with a gain that varies from 0.2 dB to 6 dB based on the desired frequency of operation and the reconfiguration state. The antenna is designed for internet of things (IoT) applications.

This paper focuses on enhancing multiband isolation between two antenna elements in a reconfigurable multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system. The antennas are reconfigurable printed inverted F antennas (PIFA) that resort to two PIN diodes each to achieve frequency reconfiguration. The isolation between the antenna elements is proposed to be improved through the use of multiple nested slots in the common ground plane between the elements. These slots collectively act as a multi-band reject filter and improve the isolation at the various operational frequencies of the antenna system. The reconfigurable MIMO antenna system is proposed for integration into mobile devices with an operation that covers mobile communication applications.

In this letter, we present a new technique to control reconfigurable and cognitive radio antenna systems. For both cases, the control is done by sensing a movement in the antenna surroundings. This surrounding awareness ability is achieved by incorporating an infrared (IR) motion detector with the antenna system. Once a movement is detected, the IR sensor generates a voltage that can be used to activate the biasing network of a reconfiguring element on an antenna structure. This concept is first tested on a varactor-based reconfigurable antenna. Then, a modified version of the circuit is used to control a cognitive radio antenna system that consists of a reconfigurable antenna and a wideband sensing antenna.

This paper presents the design of two antenna structures that are proposed for implementation in a cognitive radio environment. Such designs are software controlled and suitable for operation in a highly dynamic environment. The reconfiguration and automation of the two structures are discussed herein. The incorporation of such antenna structures on a software defined radio (SDR) platform is also presented.

This paper discusses various deployable antenna designs that are proposed for CubeSat platforms. The antennas discussed vary in their topology and structure from arrays of crossed dipoles to helical structures. Several concepts are presented and their performance is described and evaluated.

In this paper, two compact multiband and reconfigurable planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) designs operating at GPS, 3G, WiFi, GSM and 4G (UMTS and LTE) frequencies are presented. The multiband operation is accomplished by the multi-resonant slots while the reconfigurable PIFA operation is based on the appropriate integration of PIN diodes switches. Both antennas are proposed as suitable candidates for mobile devices' integration.

The implementation of a four sectorial reconfigurable MIMO antenna system is discussed in this paper. The proposed antenna system consists of two MIMO structures that operate at two different frequencies. The reconfigurability of the antenna system is software controlled through an arduino board and a mobile phone application. A prototype is fabricated and tested as a proof of concept.

A Liquid Crystal (LC) based reconfigurable antenna array design at W/V-band is presented in this paper. The array exhibits both frequency tuning and beam steering due to the dielectric anisotropy of the LC at microwave frequencies. The design of the array is optimized to ensure reconfiguration while having the least number of connections to DC sources. The array is fed using a Grounded Coplanar Waveguide (GCPW) feed.

In this paper, a reconfigurable cognitive radio receiver for autonomous spectrum sensing is presented. A reconfigurable antenna, low-noise amplifier, reconfigurable bandpass filter, single-ended balanced mixer, voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and variable gain amplifier (VGA) build up the chain of the proposed receiver. This receiver targets the WLAN IEEE 802.11WLAN IEEE 802.11 g commercial wireless standard. The receiver performance is demonstrated with a 20-MHz down-converted signal at its output.

The advent of CubeSats has revolutionized the space research industry. The small physical size and constraints owing to outer space applications present significant challenges for antenna engineers to come up with innovative solutions. This paper presents a novel wide band antenna high gain antenna which is capable of deploying from a CubeSat platform.

This paper presents a new antenna system that reconfigures its radiation pattern through feed rotation. The radiation pattern reconfiguration allows a better Wireless LAN coverage through a personalized command by resorting to an Android phone application and an Arduino microcontroller.

This communication discusses the complexity and reliability of switch reconfigurable antenna arrays using frequency-dependent graph models. Several graph models represent array configurations at various frequencies. The correlation and the inverse proportionality between the arrays' complexity and reliability are derived and proven. A process for prioritizing the various antenna configurations to improve the overall array performance is also discussed. Different examples are given to validate the formulations and prove the concept.

Reconfigurable antennas, with the ability to radiate more than one pattern at different frequencies and polarizations, are necessary in modern telecommunication systems. The requirements for increased functionality (e.g., direction finding, beam steering, radar, control, and command) within a confined volume place a greater burden on today's transmitting and receiving systems. Reconfigurable antennas are a solution to this problem. This paper discusses the different reconfigurable components that can be used in an antenna to modify its structure and function. These reconfiguration techniques are either based on the integration of radio-frequency microelectromechanical systems (RF-MEMS), PIN diodes, varactors, photoconductive elements, or on the physical alteration of the antenna radiating structure, or on the use of smart materials such as ferrites and liquid crystals. Various activation mechanisms that can be used in each different reconfigurable implementation to achieve optimum performance are presented and discussed. Several examples of reconfigurable antennas for both terrestrial and space applications are highlighted, such as cognitive radio, multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems, and satellite communication.

A cognitive radio front end using an optically pumped reconfigurable antenna system (OPRAS) is investigated. The scheme consists of a ultrawideband antenna and a reconfigurable narrowband antenna in close proximity to one another. The narrowband reconfigurability is achieved by a integrating laser diodes within the antenna structure to control the switching state of photoconductive silicon switches. This scheme has the advantage of eliminating the use of optical fiber cables to guide light to the switches, and enables easier integration of the reconfigurable antenna in a complete communication system. The performance of the proposed technique is presented, and comparisons are made to other commonly used switching techniques for reconfigurable antennas, such as techniques based on PIN diodes and RF microlectromechanical systems integration. The application of this antenna design scheme serving as the receive channel in a cognitive radio communication link is also demonstrated.

This letter details a new reconfiguration technique for implementing frequency-tunable bandpass filters. This is achieved by changing the filter total capacitance via an integrated varactor within its structure. The reconfigurable bandpass filter is then incorporated within the feeding line of a printed antenna to form one structure. This combination allows the tuning of the antenna operating frequency without incorporating active components and biasing lines on the antenna radiating surface. The integrated antenna-filter combination, with filtering ability while preserving the radiation performance, is referred to as a “filtering antenna” or a filtenna. A prototype for the reconfigurable filter and the reconfigurable filtenna are fabricated and tested. A good agreement is found between the simulated and the measured data.

In this letter, a new conductive composite tape-spring is proposed for CubeSat deployable antennas that is constructed using a glass fiber reinforced epoxy with an embedded copper alloy conductor. The tape-spring is bistable enabling the antenna to be elastically stable in both the deployed and stowed states. A dipole antenna is designed, simulated, and tested to prove the viability of the electrical properties of this material.

This communication presents a new antenna system designed for cognitive radio applications. The antenna structure consists of a UWB antenna and a frequency reconfigurable antenna system. The UWB antenna scans the channel to discover “white space” frequency bands while tuning the reconfigurable section to communicate within these bands. The frequency agility is achieved via a rotational motion of the antenna patch. The rotation is controlled by a stepper motor mounted on the back of the antenna structure. The motor's rotational motion is controlled by LABVIEW on a computer connected to the motor through its parallel port. The computer's parallel port is connected to a NPN Darlington array that is used to drive the stepper motor. The antenna has been simulated with the driving motor being taken into consideration. A good agreement is found between the simulated and the measured antenna radiation properties.

This letter presents a novel frequency reconfigurable antenna design using photoconductive silicon elements as optical switches. By illuminating these silicon elements with light of suitable wavelength, their physical properties can be altered from that of a semiconductor to almost metal-like, which in turn alters the radiation properties of the antenna structure. Our work builds on similar work conducted in the past, but goes further by demonstrating a new geometry for coupling the light energy onto the silicon switches, thereby facilitating conformal integration of such reconfigurable antennas into next-generation wireless devices. In this letter, we first present a theoretical model characterizing the behavior of silicon substrate under light illumination. We then present experimental results on a stripline circuit employing a single silicon switch under light illumination and compare the theoretical model to experimental measurements. Finally, a novel frequency reconfigurable antenna design utilizing our new coupling geometry is designed, and its experimentally measured RF performance is compared to numerical simulations.

This letter presents a new antenna design suitable for cognitive radio communication. It consists of two structures incorporated together into the same substrate. The first structure is an ultrawideband (UWB) antenna covering the spectrum from 3.1-11 GHz for channel sensing. The second structure is a frequency reconfigurable triangular-shaped patch for establishing communication with another RF device. The antenna reconfigurability is achieved via a rotational motion. A prototype antenna was fabricated and tested in order to validate the suggested method.

This letter presents a new approach for the design of a multiresonant printed bowtie antenna. Several techniques were attempted to obtain one antenna which is operational in the 2, 3, and 5 GHz bands corresponding to many wireless applications. The idea of creating different slot configurations on different parts of a single antenna is the basic principle. A prototype of the final antenna design was fabricated tested and a good agreement was found between simulated and tested results.

Recent advances in reconfigurable RF components and systems have helped in the development of very complex reconfigurable antennas capable of radiating more than one pattern at different frequencies and polarizations. These types of antennas are becoming critical components in modern telecommunication systems from cognitive radio to cubesat communications.

The integration of arrays of inverted F-antennas on the top of a solar cell is discussed in this paper. The antenna elements are placed orthogonal to the left and right edges of the solar cell. On each edge, one array composed of two element inverted-F antennas covering a specific operating bandwidth are placed. Prototype antennas are fabricated and tested and the results show good agreement with the simulated data.

In this paper, a MIMO antenna structure composed of a set of directive printed dipoles is presented. The proposed MIMO antenna system is able to cover two different frequency bands. The directive property is achieved by designing an appropriate printed reflector within the antenna structure. A prototype antenna is fabricated and tested to validate the simulated performance.

The design of a reconfigurable cyclical printed antenna is discussed in this paper. The antenna's topology allows a wide bandwidth of operation and an ability for radiation pattern reconfiguration.. The antenna is designed at Ka-band, with different modes of radiation pattern characteristics. The different operational states reshape the radiation beam and redirect major radiation pattern lobes towards desired directions. The antenna is proposed for radar applications where such reconfigurable characteristic is desired.

This paper presents a reconfigurable antenna array that is made of four printed dipole elements. The change in the array operating frequency is achieved by feeding separately each array element via an external reconfigurable feeding network. The pattern diversity is achieved by incorporating a printed reflector between the array elements. A prototype antenna is fabricated and tested.

This paper presents an agile tight feeding technique for use in highly integrated front-end architectures of mobile radios. This reconfigurable technique adjusts the operation of mounted antennas without installing switching components on their radiating surfaces. The proposed feeding technique is designed to feed two radiating structures on demand. The reconfiguration is achieved by resorting to two PIN diodes that are integrated within the feeding network whose operation ranges between 4 GHz and 6 GHz. A prototype is fabricated as a proof of concept. A good agreement is found between the simulated and measured results.

This paper discusses the merging of reconfigurable and deployable antennas for satellite and space communications. Reconfigurable antennas, normally proposed for terrestrial applications, allow deployable antennas to be more adaptive and more capable to perform additional functions. In this paper, various antenna concepts that can deploy and at the same time possess frequency tuning capability are proposed for space communications. The addition of tuning ability allows a more efficient, selective and cognitive communication schemes.

Antenna design at E-band frequencies is recently gaining more interest with the development of automotive radar applications and with research focusing on the possibility of using this frequency band for cell phone and data communication. At E-band frequencies, typical coaxial connectors cannot be used to feed printed antennas because their operation is limited to frequencies below 26.5 GHz. The use of other feeding techniques is needed.

In this paper a helical antenna that is deployed on a small satellite platform is presented. The antenna achieves reconfiguration in stages by deploying in and out of the satellite in a rotational matter to achieve frequency tuning. The antenna is circularly polarized with a wide bandwidth and a reasonable gain. The merging of deployable and reconfigurable antennas allows deployment on demand and adds more capabilities and adaptation ability to space communications.

This paper presents a new quadrifilar helix antenna designed to deploy on a space craft for space communications. The quadrifilar helix is beryllium based and is deployed on top of a square ground plane. The ground plane is optimized to reduce back lobe radiation and achieve optimal gain and beam width. A trade off analysis is achieved and is discussed herein. The antenna dimensions and structure are studied to preserve operation in the S-band range while preserving stable radiation characteristics.

This paper presents a reconfigurable printed two arms monopole antenna structure. The proposed antenna is able to change either its operating frequency or radiation pattern based on the activation of the integrated PIN diode switches. The purpose of the switches is to connect one of the two monopole arms or both to the antenna feeding line. A prototype antenna is simulated, built and tested. A good agreement is found between the simulated and measured data.

In this paper we present a new reconfigurable meander line antenna. The antenna is a non uniform meander line with five turns. A p-i-n diode is used as a switch to connect and disconnect parts of this antenna, allowing it to tune its operating frequencies between 4G LTE and other wireless communication applications. The position of the p-i-n diode is optimized to achieve tuning between various wireless communications applications of interest to mobile devices. The antenna with its compact size is designed, built and measured where analogy is found between the measured and calculated data.