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Background:: Exercise and dietary interventions are used to control dyslipidemia and depression in obese individuals, whilst rare investigations have examined the concurrent effects of a low-fat diet and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training (MIAET) on dyslipidemia and depression in obese patients. Hence, we assessed the potential influences of a low-fat diet combined with MIAET on blood lipids and depression in those individuals. Methods:: Forty-two obese patients aged 30-50 years have been enrolled in this randomized controlled trial. They have been randomized equally into MIAET group (n=14, 60-70% of the maximum heart rate (Max HR), three sessions a week), a low-fat diet group (n=14, fat, 30% Kcal/day), and a low-fat diet plus MIAET (n=14) for 10 consecutive weeks. Body mass index (BMI), lipid profile, and Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) have been assessed on two occasions, pre and post- 10 weeks. Results:: It was demonstrated that a low-fat diet group showed an improvement in total cholesterol (T-Ch), p=0.046, with no changes in triglycerides (TGs), p=0.343, low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), p=0.187, and high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), p=0.224; however, MIAET group showed an improvement in TGs, p=0.042, HDLs, p=0.038 with no changes in T-Ch, p=0.126, and LDLs, p=0.368. Regarding the low-fat diet plus MIAET group, significant improvements were identified in TGs, p=0.003, T-Ch, p Conclusion:: The results of the current trial suggest an important implication for promoting improvement in blood lipids and a reduction in depression status in obese patients with dyslipidemia following 10-week of a concurrent low-fat diet and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise more than low-fat diet or MIAEt alone.

Introduction. Cellulite is associated with variations in the skin appearance with cottage cheese, mattress-like, or orange peel. The most common areas for these lesions are the posterior or upper thighs and buttocks and mainly affect females after puberty. The objective of the study was to determine whether extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) or manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) is more effective for the reduction of the grade of cellulite after liposuction. Methods. This study is a single-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial. Thirty females with grade 3 cellulite were randomly distributed into two groups equal in number (n = 15), group A was equipped to ESWT and group B was equipped to MLD. The cellulite grading scale was used to assess cellulite grade, and the skinfold caliper was used to assess the thickness of subcutaneous fat. The assessment was carried out before and four weeks after starting the treatment. Both groups received topical retinol twice daily for four weeks; in addition, group A received ESWT, while group B received MLD, two times/week for 4 weeks. Results. The mean values of the skinfold caliper in group A decreased by 24.4% and in group B by 15.38% with a significant difference between the two groups p < 0.001 . Also, the mean values of the cellulite grading scale decreased significantly after treatment in group A compared with the mean values of group B p < 0.001 . Conclusions. There was more reduction in the grade of cellulite and thickness of subcutaneous fat in the ESWT group than the MLD group after liposuction.

Objective: To find and compare the clinical and psychological effects of low and high-intensity aerobic training combined with resistance training in community-dwelling older men with post-COVID-19 sarcopenia symptoms. Design: Randomized control trial. Setting: University physiotherapy clinic. Participants: Men in the age range of 60–80 years with post-COVID-19 Sarcopenia. Intervention: All participants received resistance training for whatever time of the day that they received it, and that in addition they were randomized into two groups like low-intensity aerobic training group ( n = 38) and high-intensity aerobic training group ( n = 38) for 30 minutes/session, 1 session/day, 4 days/week for 8 weeks. Outcomes: Clinical (muscle strength and muscle mass) and psychological (kinesiophobia and quality of life scales) measures were measured at the baseline, fourth week, the eighth week, and at six months follow-up. Results: The 2 × 4 group by time repeated measures MANOVA with corrected post-hoc tests for six dependent variables shows a significant difference between the groups ( P 0.05). Conclusion: Low-intensity aerobic training exercises are more effective in improving the clinical (muscle strength) and psychological (kinesiophobia and quality of life) measures than high-intensity aerobic training in post-COVID 19 Sarcopenia.

Burn injuries cause significant physical impairments that need comprehensive rehabilitation and coordination with the acute burn care team. Music had been shown to increase positive mood during exercise, which may result in motivation for participation in exercise programs. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of physical therapy rehabilitation program combined with music therapy on children with lower limb burns.A twelve-week randomized controlled study including thirty pediatrics with lower limb burns. They were randomly assigned into two equal groups, 15 children per each. Group A received a physical therapy rehabilitation program combined with music therapy in addition to routine medical care. However, Group B received a physical therapy rehabilitation program without music therapy. Assessment of pain was by visual analogue scale (VAS), assessment of the range of motion (ROM) by goniometer, and gait assessed by GAIT Rite. The evaluation was carried before and after the interventions.Before starting the study, no significant differences were detected between the two study groups (p0.05). The study results reported statistically significant improvement in VAS, ROM, and GAIT Rite in both groups after the intervention (p0.05). Group A showed greater improvement than group B in all outcome measures (p0.05).Physical therapy program combined with music therapy is an effective and safe modality for improving pain, range of motion, and gait parameters in pediatrics with lower limb burn. Also, physical therapy combined with music therapy is more effective than physical therapy alone in the treatment of pediatrics with lower limb burns.

Background: One of the most common dermatological conditions affecting most teenagers is acne. Phototherapy was described as a therapeutic modality with low-side effects of acne vulgaris (AV). Henc...

As research in alternate energy sources is growing, solar radiation is catching the eyes of the research community immensely. Since solar energy generation depends on uncontrollable natural variables, without proper forecasting, this energy source cannot be trusted. For this forecasting, the use of machine learning algorithms is one of the best choices. This paper proposed an optimized solar radiation forecasting ensemble model consisting of pre-processing and training ensemble phases. The training ensemble phase works on an advanced sine cosine algorithm (ASCA) using Newton’s laws of gravity and motion for objects (agents). ASCA uses sine and cosine functions to update the agent’s position/velocity components by considering its mass. The training ensemble model is then developed using the k-nearest neighbors (KNN) regression. The performance of the proposed ensemble model is measured using a dataset from Kaggle (Solar Radiation Prediction, Task from NASA Hackathon). The proposed ASCA algorithm is evaluated in comparison with the Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Squirrel Search Algorithm (SSA), Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO), Hybrid Greedy Sine Cosine Algorithm with Differential Evolution (HGSCADE), Hybrid Modified Sine Cosine Algorithm with Cuckoo Search Algorithm (HMSCACSA), Marine Predators Algorithm (MPA), Chimp Optimization Algorithm (ChOA), and Slime Mould Algorithm (SMA). Obtained results of the proposed ensemble model are compared with those of state-of-the-art models, and significant superiority of the proposed ensemble model is confirmed using statistical analysis such as ANOVA and Wilcoxon’s rank-sum tests.

Background: Good response to ovulation induction and in turn improving pregnancy rates represents a big challenge in patients with PCOS. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of adjuvant therapy to clomiphene citrate and metformin (in the form of N-acetyl cysteine versus Chromium Picolinate) as regards response to ovulation induction and metabolic syndrome improvement in patients with PCOS and infertility. Patients and methods: This randomized controlled trial involved 108 women diagnosed with PCOS and infertility and were divided into 3 groups; according to the treatment protocol; group 1 received clomiphene citrate plus metformin only, group2 received clomiphene citrate and metformin plus N-acetyl cysteine and Group 3 received clomiphene citrate and metformin plus chromium picolinate. Results: There was a statistically significant difference as regards good ovulation in the form of mature follicles (≥18 mm in diameter), with the best results in group 3, followed by group 2. Both N-acetyl cysteine and chromium picolinate, as adjuvant therapies, were more effective in reducing the fasting insulin levels than clomiphene citrate plus metformin alone. Conclusion: Chromium picolinate and N-acetyl cysteine are effective adjuvant therapies for improving ovulation, insulin resistance, and endocrinal outcomes in women with PCOS.

Background: Osteoporosis is a frequent musculoskeletal condition with significant complications that would be a global health problem and one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity. Objectives: The current study aimed to ascertain the impact of pulsed magnetic therapy, aerobic exercise, and a combination of both modalities on osteoporotic female patients postthyroidectomy. Methods: Between May 2018 and September 2019, 45 female patients with osteoporosis were included in the randomized clinical study, their age ranged from 40 to 50 years, had thyroidectomy for at least 6 months ago, and had an inactive lifestyle for at least the previous 6 months. Patients were assigned randomly into 3 equal groups. Group A (magnetic therapy group): received routine medical treatment (bisphosphonates, calcium, and vitamin D) in addition to pulsed magnetic therapy on the hip region for 12 weeks (3 sessions/week). Group B (exercise group): received routine medical treatment plus moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for 12 weeks (3 sessions/week). Group C (combined magnetic therapy and exercise therapy group): received routine medical treatment plus pulsed magnetic therapy and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for 12 weeks (3 sessions/week). The 3 groups were assessed for bone mineral density (BMD) at baseline by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and after 12 weeks of treatment. Results: The results showed that within-group analysis a statistically significant increase was reveled (P

Zizi M Ibrahim,1,2 Olfat Ibrahim Ali,3 Samah A Moawd,4,5 Marwa M Eid,2,6 Mona Mohamed Taha1,5 1Rehabilitation Sciences Department, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; 3Department of Basic Science for Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; 4Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabi; 5Department of Cardiovascular/Respiratory Disorder and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; 6Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Zizi M Ibrahim Email Zizikahla@yahoo.comPurpose: Burn injury with pre-existing diabetes has poorer outcomes and complications. Balance and functional mobility are disturbed in diabetic patients with burn injury which increase the risk of total morbidity. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of vibrational training as an additional intervention on postural balance, balance confidence and functional mobility in type 2 diabetic patients with lower limb burn injury.Patients and Methods: Thirty-eight type 2 diabetic patients of both sexes with healed lower limb burn were randomly assigned into two equal groups: the vibration group and the control group. The vibration group received whole body vibration (WBV), 3 sessions a week for 8 weeks, in addition to the selected exercise program (balance exercises and resisted exercises), while the control group only received the selected exercise program. Biodex Balance System was used to assess the dynamic balance score, the Activities-specific Balance Scale to assess balance confidence and the timed up and go test to assess the functional mobility. All measurements were obtained before and at the end of the study after 8 weeks of treatment.Results: Marked improvement in all dynamic balance indices; overall stability index, antero-posterior stability index and medio-lateral stability index, balance confidence and the functional mobility were obtained in both the vibration and the control groups (P< 0.05), whereas post-treatment comparison between groups revealed a statistically significant difference in favor of the vibration group in all measured variables.Conclusion: Based on the results of the current study, it is possible to conclude that adding WBV training for an 8-week duration to a selected exercise program (balancing and resisted exercises) seems to be effective; in improving postural balance, balance confidence, as well as improving the functional mobility in type 2 diabetic patients with lower limb burn injury.Keywords: burn injury, postural balance, vibrational training, functional mobility, resisted exercises

Burns to the thorax are at high risk for long-term pulmonary complications due to chest muscle contractures and chronic inflammation in both adolescents and young adults. Few studies have investigated the effects of arm cycling exercise in those individuals. For that reason, this study examined pulmonary function, functional capacity, and quality of life (QOL) in adolescents with thoracic burns subsequent to 2-month arm cycling exercise programme.A single-blinded, two-month randomized prospective controlled study was carried out between July 2019 and March 2020 on thirty adolescents with chest burns aged 11-17 years. They were randomized into two equal groups (n = 15), traditional physiotherapy programme (control group), and arm cycling exercise plus traditonal physiotherapy (arm cycling exercise group) for 2 consecutive months. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), six-minute walk test (6MWT), and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) were measured in both groups at baseline and after 2-month after intervention.No statistical significance was detected at baseline between control and arm cycling exercise groups (FVC, p = 0.903, FEV1, p = 0.835, 6MWT, p = 0.817, and PedsQL, p = 0.612). 2 months after intervention showed statistical improvements in the arm cycling exercise group in all measures (FVC, p = 0.001, FEV1, p0.0001, 6MWT, p = 0.001, and PedsQL, p = 0.001) however, the control group showed statistical improvements in FVC, p = 0.044 and FEV1, p = 0.024 with non-statistically significant changes in 6MWT, p = 0.145 and PedsQL, p = 0.067. The arm cycling exercise group showed greater improvements than control group in the outcome measures (FVC, p = 0.034, FEV1, p0.017, 6MWT, p = 0.037, and PedsQL, p = 0.021).This prospective study clearly demonstrated positive and beneficial influences of two-month arm cycling exercise in the optimization of pulmonary functions, functional performance, and QOL in adolescents suffering from chest burns and thereby eliminating post-burn complications.

Background Both diabetes mellitus (DM) and burn injuries lead to physical and psychological impairments. Foot burns are still a challenging health condition because of its important sensory role. No previous studies have assessed the physical therapy intervention on diabetic patients with foot burns. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the potential efficacy of sensorimotor exercise on pain, proprioception, mobility, balance, and quality of life in diabetic patients with foot burns. Methods Between July 2019 and February 2020, thirty-three diabetic patients with foot burns, aged 32 to 46 yrs, were enrolled in this randomized control study, and randomized consecutively into two groups, study group (n = 16) and control group (n = 17). The study group underwent a sensorimotor exercise program thrice a week for 12 consecutive weeks, however the control group did not undergo the exercise intervention. Both groups were instructed to conduct home exercises. Visual analogue scale (VAS), proprioceptive responses, time-up and go (TUG) values, and short form-36 (SF-36) have been assessed prior and subsequent to the study intervention. Results No significant differences were observed between groups regarding baseline data (p ˃ 0.05). Subsequent to 12 wk intervention, the study group showed significant improvements in outcome measures (proprioceptive responses, p ˂ 0.05, VAS, p ˂ 0.001, TUG, p = 0.003, and SF-36, p ˂ 0.001) and the control group exhibited significant changes in VAS and SF-36 (p = 0.004, p = 0.043 respectively) however, no significant changes were found in proprioceptive responses and TUG values (p ˃ 0.05). Between groups, the post-intervention comparison demonstrated statistical differences with tending toward the study group (proprioceptive responses, p ˂ 0.05, VAS, p ˂ 0.001, TUG, p = 0.013, and SF-36, p = 0.046). Conclusions Sensorimotor exercise training may improve, pain, proprioceptive responses, mobility, balance, and quality of life in diabetic patients with foot burns. Physiotherapists and rehabilitation providers should include the sensorimotor exercise in their protocols in the treatment of diabetic patients with foot burns.

Being faster, larger and more reliable, today's trains have permeated the other means of transportation as the prime mode between several countries. However, railroad-related ac-cidents are also more perilous in damage and loss of lives. Therefore, in common railway security systems, more strivings are required for strengthening the safety. Moreover, manual observing of the tracks is actually impracticable and unreliable. Thus, to avoid collisions and allow a better communication between train, central control headquarters, and passengers, this paper, being focused in establishing an automated railway security prototype model using advanced electronic circuits, a communication module, and the proposed mobile interfaces. It is established on an Arduino UNO embedded platform to introduce automatic control crossing gates, switching train tracks and detecting line cracks with the aid of electronic sensors like IR sharp sensor, ultrasonic sensor, and gyroscopes. Moreover, by employing the web camera, the operator of the control room could get real status updating and have a continuous behavior monitoring during the train journey. Thus, the railway gate could be highly controlled so the road traffic will be wholly prophesied. Especially on dangerous trips, the train is supported by the developed dummy car which can detect and monitor any causes of risks on the railway lines and send that fault to the concerned authority. To offer different services for drivers and passengers, the proposed Android applications are responsible for obtaining the sensed data through the Bluetooth module and broadcasting urgent data to the control room. As the accuracy of automated operations is usually more accurate than manual operations, fatal errors due to human mistakes could be easily limited. Thus, compared to related systems, the proposed automatic railway security system which is cost-effective will be robust enough to facilitate much safety standards to Egypt railways.

Objective To investigate the effects of eight weeks whole body vibration training program on leg muscle strength (force-producing capacity) in adults after healed burns. Design Randomized controlled trial. Setting Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University. Subjects Thirty-one burned patients participated in the study and were randomized into whole body vibration group and control group. Non-burned healthy adults were assessed similarly to burned subjects and served as matched healthy controls. Methods The whole body vibration group performed an eight weeks vibration program three times a week on a vibration platform; the control group received home based physical therapy program without vibration training. Main measures Assessment of knee extensors and ankle planter flexor strength by isokinetic dynamometer at 150°/s were performed at the beginning of the study and at the end of the training period for both groups. Results Subjects with burns more than 36% TBSA produced significantly less torque in the quadriceps and calf muscle than non-burned healthy subjects. Patients in whole body vibration group showed a significant improvement in knee extensor and ankle planter flexor strength as compared with those in the control group. Knee extensor strength and percent improvement was 233.40 ± 5.74 (64.93 ± 3.03 change score) and 38.54% for the vibration group and 190.07 ± 3.99 (21.66 ± 4.41 change score) and 12.86% for the control group, ankle plantar flexor strength and percent improvement was 156.27 ± 5.95 (54.53 ± 6.16 change score) and 53.70% for the vibration group and 116.13 ± 3.24 (14.66 ± 2.71 change score) and 14.52% for the control group. Conclusions Participation in whole body vibration program resulted in a greater improvement in quadriceps and calf muscle strength in adults with healed thermal burn compared to base line values; a WBV program is an effective for strength gain in rehabilitation of burned patients.

The interface of computer technologies and biology is having a huge impact on society. Human recognition research projects promises new life to many security-consulting firms and personal identification system manufacturers. Iris recognition is considered to be the most reliable biometric authentication system. Very few iris recognition algorithms were commercialized. The method proposed in this paper differed from the existing work in the iris segmentation and feature extraction phase. Digitized grayscale images of Chinese Academy of Sciences-Institute of Automation (CASIA) database were used for determining the performance of the proposed system. The circular iris and pupil of the eye image were segmented using morphological operators as well as circular Hough transform. The localized iris region was then normalized into a rectangular block to account for imaging inconsistencies. Finally, the corresponding iris code was generated using the Euclidean distance. This method provides accurate signature as well as accurate code of the human iris in a simple and fast way.

The interface of computer technologies and biology is having a huge impact on society. Human recognition research projects promises new life to many security-consulting firms and personal identification system manufacturers. Iris recognition is considered to be the most reliable biometric authentication system. Very few iris recognition algorithms were commercialized. The method proposed in this paper differed from the existing work in the iris segmentation and feature extraction phase. Digitized grayscale images of Chinese Academy of Sciences—Institute of Automation (CASIA) database were used for determining the performance of the proposed system. The circular iris and pupil of the eye image were segmented using Morphological operators and Hough transform. The localized iris region was then normalized in to a rectangular block to account for imaging inconsistencies. This method provides accurate features as well as simple and fast iris analysis methods.