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Joint and Several Liability for Monetary Obligations under Public Law There are a variety of obligatory relations between state and citizens. They share mutual judical questions und issues of regulation that are attributed to the topic of a general law of obligations under public law. The existence of joint and several liability for monetary obligations under public law illustrates a partial aspect in that respect. Various administrative laws presume the existence of joint and several liability for monetary obligations under public law as a legal institution. At first the different legal relationships must be comprehended in terms of the relevant field of law and associated particular legislative powers. Focusing on the relationship between the state in the role of a creditor on the one hand, and the individual debtor on the other hand, the transferability of sec. 421 ff. BGB (German Civil Code) to the field of public law has to be considered. In part this is a matter of punctually complementing ...