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The study presents possible savings resulting from the use of deep-penetration welding processes in the fabrication of welded structures. The study-related tests revealed 80% savings of filler metals and the 50% reduction of welding distortions without compromising the maximum load-carrying capacity of welded joints. The tests involved steel grades S355J2, S460NL, S700MC, S690QL and 450HBW (Hardox) having thicknesses restricted within the range of 8 mm to 20 mm as well as filler metal grades G4Si1 and G69.

The study contains quantitative conditions and limitations of the use of butt, fillet and butt-fillet welds in modern welded constructions. Examples of improper use are given. Calculated loss of material and capacity structures associated with the use of fillet welds with a convex face, their asymmetry, as well as the benefits of in-depth penetration obtained by hybrid or other, leading to the achievement of butt welds and butt-fillet welds with high-efficiency welding technologies. A list of the requirements for the correct use of fillet welds and features differing from butt, butt-fillet and fillet welds is given.

The article presents the results of experimental studies aimed at comparing the welding conditions and technological properties of butt joint welding in the PG position using the innovative low-energy variant of the MAG method – SpeedRoot, with conventional TIG welding in the PF position. The productivity of both welding processes has been evaluated, as well as the dynamic characteristics of power sources and the macrostructure of obtained joints.

The primary objective of the study was to adapt the GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding) technique for the purposes of the surface remelting processing of non-conductive plasma sprayed coatings. Modification concerned the surface layer of complex oxide compositions based on ZrO2 and Al2O3, which had been applied onto a steel substrate using the plasma spraying technique. In the course of research it was demonstrated that the process of surface remelting of non-conductive oxide coatings may be successfully conducted using welding sources of heat provided that the standard welding station is previously redesigned and additionally equipped. The methodological and apparatus-related work undertaken led to the development and construction of a welding set with a free independent arc, in which the active participation of the oxide coating in the creation of the electric arc and its stabilisation has been eliminated. The effects of the remelting treatment on the structure of the plasma sprayed coatings have been investigated. The microstructures of both the as-deposited and the remelted coatings were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Observation of the remelted coating structure allowed to distinguish areas with characteristic structural and morphological effects and changes in the structure thereof. On the basis of regularities noted and observations made, a zonal model of the remelted coating structure was put forward and elaborated.

Ocena ciepla wprowadzonego do zlącza spawanego, szczegolnie na etapie opracowywania technologii spawania, czy monitorowania procesu spawania coraz cześciej obejmuje bezstykowe metody pomiaru temperatury za pomocą pirometrow, termografow czy systemow termowizyjnych. Jednak pomiar promieniowania podczerwonego wyemitowanego przez nagrzane cialo związany jest z szeregiem uwarunkowan, ktorych nieznajomośc moze prowadzic do niewlaściwej oceny wartości temperatury badanego obiektu. Niniejsze opracowanie przybliza niektore aspekty, związane z monitorowaniem procesow cieplnych towarzyszących lączeniu metali z wykorzystaniem technologii spawalniczych. Przedstawiono rowniez przyklad mozliwości zastosowania termowizji do rejestracji rozkladu temperatury wzdluz drutu elektrodowego podczas spawania impulsowego w oslonie gazow ochronnych. Monitoring of Welding Thermal Processes Abstract Contactless testing which allows the assessment of the temperature using pyrometer, thermograph and vision systems are used increasingly to evaluate the heat input into weld, especially during the develop- ment of welding procedure or monitoring of welding. However, the measurement of infrared radiation emitted by a heated object is dependent on many conditions ignorance of which might lead to the incorrect evaluation of the temperature value. The following work introduces some aspects of thermal processes monitoring which accompany metal joining with the use of welding technologies. The article presents the example of applications of thermovision to register of the temperature distribution at the welding electrode tip during GMAW-P.

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badan doświadczalnych wlaściwości uzytkowych nowoczesnego spawalniczego źrodla inwertorowego wykonanego w technice MICOR. Rozni sie ono od klasycznego zasilacza z przemianą czestotliwości tym, ze po stronie pierwotnej zastosowano dwa falowniki oraz dwa transformatory wysokiej czestotliwości polączone w jeden uklad elektryczny. Zaprezentowano zewnetrzne charakterystyki statyczne i dynamiczne oraz wybrane wlaściwości spoin. New features of the MMA welding inverter built in MiCOR technology The paper presents the results of experimental studies of the properties of modern welding power source made in technology MICOR. It differs from the conventional inverter that on the primary side there are two inverters and two high frequency electric transformers combined in one electrical system. This paper also presents the external characteristics of the power source an selected properties of welds.