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Diaries always make for a fascinating read; and Gregory Tardi’s Anatomy of an Election is no exception. Subtitled Canada’s Federal General Election of 2019 Through the Lens of Political Law, the bo...

Time’s up for claiming privilege on UK government legal advice and Brexit may be the catalyst.Amid the utter confusion surrounding negotiations for the United Kingdom’s possible departure from the ...

Summary Background The INTERVAL trial showed that, over a 2-year period, inter-donation intervals for whole blood donation can be safely reduced to meet blood shortages. We extended the INTERVAL trial for a further 2 years to evaluate the longer-term risks and benefits of varying inter-donation intervals, and to compare routine versus more intensive reminders to help donors keep appointments. Methods The INTERVAL trial was a parallel group, pragmatic, randomised trial that recruited blood donors aged 18 years or older from 25 static donor centres of NHS Blood and Transplant across England, UK. Here we report on the prespecified analyses after 4 years of follow-up. Participants were whole blood donors who agreed to continue trial participation on their originally allocated inter-donation intervals (men: 12, 10, and 8 weeks; women: 16, 14, and 12 weeks). They were further block-randomised (1:1) to routine versus more intensive reminders using computer-generated random sequences. The prespecified primary outcome was units of blood collected per year analysed in the intention-to-treat population. Secondary outcomes related to safety were quality of life, self-reported symptoms potentially related to donation, haemoglobin and ferritin concentrations, and deferrals because of low haemoglobin and other factors. This trial is registered with ISRCTN, number ISRCTN24760606, and has completed. Findings Between Oct 19, 2014, and May 3, 2016, 20 757 of the 38 035 invited blood donors (10 843 [58%] men, 9914 [51%] women) participated in the extension study. 10 378 (50%) were randomly assigned to routine reminders and 10 379 (50%) were randomly assigned to more intensive reminders. Median follow-up was 1·1 years (IQR 0·7–1·3). Compared with routine reminders, more intensive reminders increased blood collection by a mean of 0·11 units per year (95% CI 0·04–0·17; p=0·0003) in men and 0·06 units per year (0·01–0·11; p=0·0094) in women. During the extension study, each week shorter inter-donation interval increased blood collection by a mean of 0·23 units per year (0·21–0·25) in men and 0·14 units per year (0·12–0·15) in women (both p0.0001 for tests of linear trend by inter-donation intervals) other than a higher reported frequency of doctor-diagnosed low iron concentrations and prescription of iron supplements in men (p

There is a striking contrast between Canada and the European Union (EU) with respect to the authorities’ ability to search computers and mobile phones – and this contrast invites exploration, compa...

Summary Background Limits on the frequency of whole blood donation exist primarily to safeguard donor health. However, there is substantial variation across blood services in the maximum frequency of donations allowed. We compared standard practice in the UK with shorter inter-donation intervals used in other countries. Methods In this parallel group, pragmatic, randomised trial, we recruited whole blood donors aged 18 years or older from 25 centres across England, UK. By use of a computer-based algorithm, men were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to 12-week (standard) versus 10-week versus 8-week inter-donation intervals, and women were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to 16-week (standard) versus 14-week versus 12-week intervals. Participants were not masked to their allocated intervention group. The primary outcome was the number of donations over 2 years. Secondary outcomes related to safety were quality of life, symptoms potentially related to donation, physical activity, cognitive function, haemoglobin and ferritin concentrations, and deferrals because of low haemoglobin. This trial is registered with ISRCTN, number ISRCTN24760606, and is ongoing but no longer recruiting participants. Findings 45 263 whole blood donors (22 466 men, 22 797 women) were recruited between June 11, 2012, and June 15, 2014. Data were analysed for 45 042 (99·5%) participants. Men were randomly assigned to the 12-week (n=7452) versus 10-week (n=7449) versus 8-week (n=7456) groups; and women to the 16-week (n=7550) versus 14-week (n=7567) versus 12-week (n=7568) groups. In men, compared with the 12-week group, the mean amount of blood collected per donor over 2 years increased by 1·69 units (95% CI 1·59–1·80; approximately 795 mL) in the 8-week group and by 0·79 units (0·69–0·88; approximately 370 mL) in the 10-week group (p

If Canada’s Competition Bureau gets its way, there will be greater competition in the residential real estate brokerage business, commission rates will fall and the public will have enhanced access to the Multiple Listing Service. To this end, the Bureau announced on 8 February 2010 that a notice of application would be filed with the Competition Tribunal challenging the way the Canadian Real Estate Association conducts business. The association filed its response six weeks later. Regardless of the ultimate outcome of this action, it is safe to say that the face of Canadian residential real estate brokerage services will never be the same. Commonwealth Law Bulletin editorial advisory board member Gavin Murphy explains.

Welcome to volume 44 number 4 of the Commonwealth Law Bulletin. Established in 1974, the CLB is the flagship publication of the Rule of Law Division of the Commonwealth Secretariat and is published...

The scope of legal professional privilege (LPP) in EC competition law remained unchanged after the European Court of First Instance (CFI) ruled on 17 September 2007 that the privilege would not be ...

This article provides an overview on the structure and guiding principles of the new Law Commission of Ontario and considers the present state of law reform at the provincial level. The author suggests that the establishment of the Ontario agency continues a trend that started about a decade ago with provincial governments reversing earlier decisions to either close down or cut funding to agencies. 1 He indicates that the launch of the Law Commission of Ontario is a positive development and could signal further interest and renewed support for provincial law reform in Canada. The article also examines the history, mandate and work of the Scottish Law Commission and concludes that the challenges it faces are similar to those confronting Canada’s provincial law reform agencies. 1 Gavin Murphy, ‘The Rise, Decline and Current Status of Canada’s Law Reform Agencies’ (2004) 30 CLB 900.

Premier Foods was successful in becoming the UK's largest grocery supplier in early 2007 after the Office of Fair Trading (OFT), the UK competition authority, approved its £1.2 billion purchase of RHM. The merger means that iconic brands often found in British kitchens, such as Hovis breads, Lyons cakes, Bird's custard, Branston pickle, and dozens of other well‐known products, will now be manufactured by the same food group. * This is a revised version of an article that first appeared in the European Competition Law Review [2007] ECLR 433. Reprinted with permission of Sweet & Maxwell and the author. ** Gavin Murphy, Legal Counsel, International Development Group, Department of Justice of Canada, Ottawa. Mr. Murphy worked at the Office of Fair Trading in the 1990s. He is a member of the Editorial Advisory Board of the Commonwealth Law Bulletin. Gavin Murphy examines the OFT's merger assessment.

Free and open competition is a good thing, but anti‐competitive behaviour is a bad thing. Anti‐competitive activities such as conspiracy, bid‐rigging and abuse of a dominant position are detrimenta...

The creation of laws is the most direct and powerful legislative tool available to governments to fulfill their political mandate. Not surprisingly, the drafting and enactment of legislation in many Commonwealth countries often follow the same general pattern as that established by the United Kingdom. Nevertheless, each country adds a sprinkling of local flavour and custom to its own practices. What follows is an overview of the legislative process in the People's Republic of Bangladesh, highlighting the various distinct stages involved in the making of laws-such as developing policy, drafting legislation, presenting proposed laws to Parliament, final approval by the president, and publication in the Official Gazette. Comparisons are also made with the Canadian and United Kingdom legislative drafting experience where appropriate.

by Allan C Hutchinson, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2012, 318 pp, £19.99 (paperback), ISBN 978-1-107-66276-6 Allan Hutchinson’s Laughing at the Gods: Great Judges and How They Made the Co...

(2004). The rise, decline and current status of Canada's law reform agencies. Commonwealth Law Bulletin: Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 900-921.

by Paul Lambert, Haywards Heath, West Sussex, Bloomsbury Professional, 2011, 412 pp, £35.00 (paperback), ISBN 978-1-8476-6900-1 Paul Lambert’s Courting Publicity: Twitter and Television Cameras in ...

by Gregory Tardi, Toronto, Carswell Thomson Reuters, 2011, 454 pp, CAN$221.00 (hardback), ISBN 978-0-7798-3651-2, CAN$127.00 (paperback), ISBN 978-0-7798-3648-2 The Theory and Practice of Political...

by Matthew Chapman, London, Wildy, Simmonds & Hill Publishing, 2010, 189 pp, £14.99 (hardback), ISBN 978‐0‐8549‐0049‐7 Every first year law student across the common law world learns about (and hop...