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170 results on '"Jean-Louis, Doualan"'

1. Transparent Gahnite Ceramics Cr3+:ZnAl2O4 – Novel Red-Emitting Material

Author

Pavel Loiko, Stanislav Balabanov, Jean-Louis Doualan, Liza Basyrova, Ivan Kuznetsov, Alexander Belyaev, Ivan Mukhin, Patrice Camy, Optique, Matériaux et Laser (OML), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, Doping, Spinel, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, engineering.material, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, Laser, law.invention, Chromium, chemistry, law, visual_art, X-ray crystallography, visual_art.visual_art_medium, engineering, Stimulated emission, Ceramic, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Trivalent chromium ions (Cr 3+ ) located in octahedral (O h ) sites in crystals such as Alexandrite (BeAl 2 O 4 ) are attractive because of large emission bandwidth enabling the development of broadly tunable and mode-locked [1] lasers. It is interesting to search for other promising laser host materials for Cr 3+ doping. Gahnite (ZnAl 2 O 4 ) belonging to the spinel family is known for its good thermal and optical properties and it is very suitable for doping with transition-metal ions such as Ni 2+ or Co 2+ [2] . Recently, transparent gahnite ceramics were fabricated [2] . In the present work, we report on the first transparent Cr 3+ -doped gahnite ceramics exhibiting intense and broadband emission in the red spectral range.

Published
2021

2. Passively Q-switched Diode-Pumped Thulium Laser at 2305 nm

Author

Esrom Kifle, Jean-Louis Doualan, Ammar Hideur, Pavel Loiko, Patrice Camy, Alain Braud, Florent Starecki, Lauren Guillemot, Optique, Matériaux et Laser (OML), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Materials science, business.industry, Infrared, Slope efficiency, chemistry.chemical_element, Laser, law.invention, Semiconductor laser theory, Thulium, Mode-locking, chemistry, law, Femtosecond, Optoelectronics, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Diode
Abstract

In recent years, there is a growing interest to thulium (Tm) lasers operating at ~2.3 µm according to the 3 H 4 → 3 H 5 transition [1] , [2] . Such short-wavelength infrared emission is of practical importance for sensing of atmospheric species (HF, CO, CH 4 and H 2 CO). Guillemot et al . reported on a continuous-wave (CW) Tm:KY 3 F 10 laser delivering 0.84 W at 2331-2346 nm with a slope efficiency of 53.8% [1] . Canbaz et al . developed a Kerr-lens mode-locked Tm:LiYF 4 laser emitting femtosecond (514 fs) pulses at 2303 nm [2] . However, so far, little attention was paid to passively Q-switched (PQS) Tm lasers at ~2.3 μm. In the present work, we report on a diode-pumped PQS Tm:LiYF 4 laser operating on the 3 H 4 → 3 H 5 transition and delivering stable pulsed output without any colasing at ~1.9 μm.

Published
2021

3. Tm3+ codoping for mid-infrared laser applications of Dy3+ doped CaF2 crystals

Author

Alain Braud, Jean-Louis Doualan, Gurvan Brasse, Abdelmjid Benayad, Rémi Soulard, Patrice Camy, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Optique, Matériaux et Laser (OML), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN)

Subjects
Materials science, Biophysics, Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Biochemistry, Waveguide (optics), law.invention, Ion, law, Mid infrared laser, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Saturation (magnetic), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Doping, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 0210 nano-technology, Excitation
Abstract

International audience; We report here on a spectroscopic study of Dy3+-doped and Tm3+-Dy3+ doped CaF2 as promising candidates to develop crystalline waveguide laser sources around 3 μm. The advantages of Tm3+ ions as sensitizers to improve the excitation of Dy3+ ions in CaF2 is demonstrated: an energy transfer efficiency from Tm3+ to Dy3+ ions of 99.6% has been reached for Dy3+ concentration as high as 2 at.%, by considering a Tm3+ ratio set at 5 at.%. Moreover, the behavior of such doped crystals in a laser waveguide configuration has been modeled and the modeling results show that it seems possible to achieve promising laser perspectives around 3 μm, with laser thresholds in the watt level for singly doped Dy3+:CaF2 and around 0.2–0.3 W for codoped Tm3+-Dy3+:CaF2, presenting both laser efficiencies in the order of 30%. Finally, the saturation of the absorption which is observed in the modeling for such codoped Tm3+-Dy3+:CaF2 waveguide at Dy3+ concentration below 1% is discussed and its origin is explained.

Published
2021

4. Disordered Tm3+,Ho3+-codoped CNGG garnet crystal: Towards efficient laser materials for ultrashort pulse generation at ∼2 μm

Author

Magdalena Aguiló, Francesc Díaz, Xavier Mateos, Hualei Yuan, Patrice Camy, Pavel Loiko, Jean-Louis Doualan, Huaqiang Cai, Elena Dunina, Uwe Griebner, Alexey Kornienko, Sami Slimi, Yicheng Wang, Rosa Maria Solé, Ezzedine Ben Salem, Josep Maria Serres, Valentin Petrov, Tang Kaiyang, Zhongben Pan, Xiaojun Dai, Weidong Chen, Liudmila Fomicheva, Yongguang Zhao, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Crystal, law, Materials Chemistry, Gallium, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Mechanical Engineering, Slope efficiency, Metals and Alloys, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Femtosecond, Continuous wave, Atomic physics, 0210 nano-technology, Ultrashort pulse
Abstract

We report on the growth, structure refinement, optical spectroscopy, continuous wave and femtosecond mode-locked laser operation of a Tm3+,Ho3+-codoped disordered calcium niobium gallium garnet (CNGG) crystal. The 2.64 at.% Tm, 0.55 at.% Ho:CNGG is grown by the Czochralski method. Its cubic structure, sp. gr. I a 3 ¯ d - O10h, a = 12.4952(1) A, is refined by the Rietveld method revealing a random distribution of Ga3+ and Nb5+ cations over octahedral and tetrahedral sites. The Ho3+ transition probabilities are determined within the Judd-Ofelt theory accounting for an intermediate configuration interaction (ICI). For the 5I7 → 5I8 Ho3+ transition, the maximum stimulated-emission cross-section σSE is 0.47 × 10−20 cm2 at 2080.7 nm. The gain bandwidth of Tm,Ho:CNGG at ∼2 μm is > 150 nm and the thermal equilibrium decay time - 6.80 ms. The Tm3+ ↔ Ho3+ energy transfer parameters are determined. A diode-pumped Tm,Ho:CNGG microchip laser generated 413 mW at 2088.4 nm with a slope efficiency of 15.9%. A continuous wavelength tuning between 1940.3 and 2144.6 nm is demonstrated. Ultrashort pulses as short as 73 fs are achieved at 2061 nm from a Tm,Ho:CNGG laser mode-locked by a GaSb semiconductor saturable absorber mirror at a repetition rate of 89.3 MHz.

Published
2021

5. Highly efficient 2.3 µm thulium lasers based on a high-phonon-energy crystal: Evidence of vibronic-assisted emissions

Author

Pavel Loiko, Alain Braud, Florent Starecki, Jean-Louis Doualan, Xavier Mateos, Valentin Petrov, Francesc Díaz, Magdalena Aguiló, Patrice Camy, Lauren Guillemot, Esrom Kifle, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Optique, Matériaux et Laser (OML), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Física i Cristallografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA), UniversitatRovira i Virgili (URV), Max-Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), ANR-19-CE08-0028,SPLENDID2,Lasers solides et amplificateurs à impulsions courtes au-delà de 2 µm(2019), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN)

Subjects
Materials science, Infrared, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Crystal, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Slope efficiency, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Photon upconversion, Thulium, chemistry, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Optoelectronics, Quantum efficiency, business, Monoclinic crystal system
Abstract

We report on highly efficient and power-scalable laser operation in a thulium-doped high-phonon-energy crystal [monoclinic double tungstate, K L u ( W O 4 ) 2 ] on the 3 H 4 → 3 H 5 T m 3 + transition giving rise to the short-wave infrared emission at ∼ 2.3 µ m . A 3 at. % Tm-doped crystal generated a maximum continuous-wave output power of 1.12 W at ∼ 2.22 and 2.29 µm with a record-high slope efficiency of 69.2% (versus the absorbed pump power), a slightly multimode beam ( M x , y 2 = 2.2 and 2.6), and a linear laser polarization. The ∼ 2.3 µ m laser outperformed the one operating on the conventional 3 F 4 → 3 H 6 transition (at ∼ 1.95 µ m ). The effect of the Tm concentration on the ∼ 2.3 µ m laser performance indicates a gradually increasing pump quantum efficiency for the 3 H 4 upper laser level with the Tm doping. For the 3 at. % Tm-doped crystal, it reached 1.8 ± 0.1 (almost two-for-one pump process), which is attributed to efficient energy-transfer upconversion. We discuss the physical nature of the laser emissions occurring at intermediate wavelengths between the electronic 3 H 4 → 3 H 5 and 3 F 4 → 3 H 6 transitions and highlight the role of electron-phonon coupling (vibronic processes) in the appearance of such laser lines. This allowed us to better understand the near- and mid-infrared emission from thulium ions, which can be used in broadly tunable and fs mode-locked 2–2.3 µm lasers.

Published
2021

6. Highly-Doped Er:LiYF4 Waveguiding Epitaxial Films for ~2.7 µm Laser Sources

Author

Gurvan Brasse, Jean-Louis Doualan, Liza Basyrova, Pavel Loiko, Abdelmjid Benayad, Patrice Camy, Alain Braud, Optique, Matériaux et Laser (OML), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Waveguide lasers, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Materials science, business.industry, Doping, Liquid phase, 02 engineering and technology, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Epitaxy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Erbium laser, law, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, Thin film, 0210 nano-technology, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Single-crystalline oriented highly-doped 9.6 at.% Er3+:LiYF4 waveguiding thin films (30-50 µm) are grown by Liquid Phase Epitaxy. Their polarized spectroscopic properties are studied. The maximum stimulated-emission cross-section is 1.61×10-20 cm2 at 2720 nm for π-polarization.

Published
2021

7. Er:KY 3 F 10 laser at 280 µm

Author

Christophe Labbé, Liza Basyrova, Jean-Louis Doualan, Pavel Loiko, Alain Braud, Patrice Camy, Abdelmjid Benayad, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Nanomatériaux, Ions et Métamatériaux pour la Photonique (NIMPH), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Optique, Matériaux et Laser (OML), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and ANR-19-CE08-0028,SPLENDID2,Lasers solides et amplificateurs à impulsions courtes au-delà de 2 µm(2019)

Subjects
Materials science, Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Ion, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 010309 optics, Crystal, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-COMP-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Computational Physics [physics.comp-ph], Optics, law, Fiber laser, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Laser threshold, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Slope efficiency, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Gain bandwidth, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

We report on the mid-infrared laser operation of a cubic 15 at.% E r 3 + : K Y 3 F 10 crystal. In the quasi-continuous-wave regime, the peak power reaches 255 mW at 2.80 µm (the 4 I 11 / 2 → 4 I 13 / 2 transition) with a slope efficiency of 10.9% and a laser threshold of 58 mW. Two pumping schemes (to the 4 I 11 / 2 and 4 I 9 / 2 states) are compared. The emission properties of the E r 3 + ions in K Y 3 F 10 are studied, indicating high stimulated-emission cross-section of 0.57 × 10 − 20 c m 2 at 2.80 µm, a large gain bandwidth of 40 nm, and a long 4 I 11 / 2 state lifetime of 4.64 ms.

Published
2021

8. Emission properties of Tm3+-doped CaF2, KY3F10, LiYF4, LiLuF 4 and BaY2F8 crystals at 1.5 μm and 2.3 μm

Author

Abdelmjid Benayad, Pavel Loiko, Jean-Louis Doualan, Elena Dunina, Alain Braud, Florent Starecki, Alexey Kornienko, Patrice Camy, Richard Moncorgé, Lauren Guillemot, Liudmila Fomicheva, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-19-CE08-0028,SPLENDID2,Lasers solides et amplificateurs à impulsions courtes au-delà de 2 µm(2019), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
Materials science, Biophysics, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Ion, law.invention, Tetragonal crystal system, law, Emission spectrum, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Doping, General Chemistry, Configuration interaction, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Thulium, chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, Monoclinic crystal system
Abstract

Thulium ions (Tm3+) are known for their emissions in the near- and mid-infrared spectral ranges suitable for efficient laser operation. We systematically study the stimulated-emission cross-sections σSE for the 3H4 → 3F4 (at ~1.5 μm) and 3H4 → 3H5 (at ~2.3 μm) Tm3+ transitions in five low-phonon energy fluoride single-crystals, namely, cubic Tm:CaF2 and Tm:KY3F10, tetragonal Tm:LiYF4 and Tm:LiLuF4 and monoclinic Tm:BaY2F8. A promising material is Tm:BaY2F8 which offers broad and intense polarized emission spectra in the mid-infrared (2251–2452 nm); the maximum σSE is 0.39 × 10−20 cm2 at 2289 nm (for E ||Z) and the emission bandwidth is exceeding 100 nm (for E ||X). We also revise the transition probabilities for Tm3+ ions in LiLuF4 and BaY2F8 crystals using the Judd-Ofelt formalism and accounting for an intermediate configuration interaction (ICI).

Published
2020

9. Widely tunable in-band-pumped Tm:CaF 2 laser

Author

Pavel Loiko, Hervé Gilles, Mathieu Laroche, Jean-Louis Doualan, Ammar Hideur, Patrice Camy, Aleksey Tyazhev, Romain Thouroude, Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Range (particle radiation), Materials science, business.industry, Slope efficiency, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, 010309 optics, Crystal, Wavelength, Optics, law, Fiber laser, 0103 physical sciences, 0210 nano-technology, business, Laser beams, Beam (structure), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

This Letter presents the efficient laser operation of a T m : C a F 2 crystal in-band pumped at 1610 nm by an Er-Yb-codoped fiber laser system. A laser slope efficiency of 55% (versus incident pump power) was achieved in a continuous-wave regime, with a maximum output power of 1.25 W at ∼ 1.88 µ m in a nearly diffraction-limited beam ( M 2 = 1.14 ). We also demonstrated a continuous tuning range of 180 nm, which extends to short wavelengths down to 1773 nm.

Published
2020

10. Cross-relaxation and ion clustering in Tm3+:CaF2 crystals

Author

Jean-Louis Doualan, Pavel Loiko, Abdelmjid Benayad, Alain Braud, Lauren Guillemot, Patrice Camy, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Optique, Matériaux et Laser (OML), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN)

Subjects
Range (particle radiation), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Doping, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Photon upconversion, law.invention, Ion, 010309 optics, chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, Fluorine, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 0210 nano-technology, Cluster analysis, Luminescence
Abstract

International audience; We systematically study cross-relaxation (CR) and ion clustering in Tm3+:CaF2 crystals using a spectroscopic approach. For this, the luminescence from the 3H4 and 3F4 states was monitored for a broad range of Tm3+ doping concentrations, from 0.01 at.% to 7 at.%. The decay curves were fitted using a model of two ions classes, namely isolated ions showing no energy-transfer processes and ions with neighbors exhibiting both CR and energy-transfer upconversion (ETU), and accounting for energy-migration. The fraction of ions with neighbors and the microscopic concentration-independent CR and ETU parameters are deduced. The critical Tm3+ doping level for which at least half of the active ions are clustered is only 0.7 at.%. The obtained results are relevant for achieving efficient laser operation of Tm3+:CaF2 crystals at the 3F4 → 3H6 (at ~1.9 μm) and the 3H4 → 3H5 (at ~2.3 μm) transitions.

Published
2020

11. Polarized spectroscopy and laser operation of Tm3+:YAlO3 crystal on the 3H4 → 3H5 transition

Author

Lauren Guillemot, Pavel Loiko, Ammar Hideur, Michal Koselja, Richard Moncorgé, Esrom Kifle, Jean-Louis Doualan, Patrice Camy, Alain Braud, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences (FZU / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie)

Subjects
Materials science, Slope efficiency, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Yttrium, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Thulium, chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Orthorhombic crystal system, Stimulated emission, 0210 nano-technology, Spectroscopy, Luminescence
Abstract

International audience; Yttrium orthoaluminate (YAlO3) is an attractive laser host crystal for doping with thulium (Tm3+) ions. We report on the absorption and stimulated-emission (SE) cross-sections of this orthorhombic (sp. gr. Pnma) Tm:YAlO3 crystal for the principal light polarizations, E || a, b and c. Polarized absorption data lead to the Judd-Ofelt parameters Ω2 = 1.46, Ω4 = 2.82 and Ω6 = 1.09 [10-20 cm2]. In particular, for the 3H4 → 3H5 transition, it is found a stimulated emission cross section of 0.86×10-20 cm2 at 2278 nm corresponding to an emission bandwidth of ~12 nm (for E || b). Continuous-wave laser operation on this 3H4 → 3H5 transition is achieved with an 1.8 at.% Tm:YAlO3 crystal under laser-pumping at 776 nm. The mid-infrared Tm:YAlO3 laser generated 0.96 W at ~2274 nm with a slope efficiency of 61.8% and a linear laser polarization (E || b). Tm:YAlO3 is promising for mode-locked lasers at ~2.3 μm.

Published
2020

12. Passively mode-locked diode-pumped Tm,Ho:LiYF4 laser

Author

Jean-Louis Doualan, Aleksey Tyazhev, Thomas Godin, Marlène Paris, Pavel Loiko, Patrice Camy, Lauren Guillemot, Alain Braud, Ammar Hideur, Rémi Soulard, Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), and Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Coupling, [PHYS]Physics [physics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Graphene, business.industry, chemistry.chemical_element, Saturable absorption, Laser, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Power (physics), 010309 optics, chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, 010306 general physics, Holmium, business, Instrumentation, Diode
Abstract

International audience; We report on the first demonstration of a diode-pumped passively mode-locked Tm,Ho:LiYF4 laser. Stable continuous-wave mode-locking is achieved by employing a single-layer graphene as a saturable absorber (SA). For a reflection-type graphene-SA, the laser delivers 5.2 ps pulses at ~2051 nm with an average output power of 40 mW at a repetition rate of 89.86 MHz. With a transmission-type graphene-SA and smaller output coupling, the output power is scaled up to 80 mW while the laser operated in a double-pulse regime.

Published
2020

13. Close look on cubic Tm:KY 3 F 10 crystal for highly efficient lasing on the 3 H 4 → 3 H 5 transition

Author

Jean-Louis Doualan, Rémi Soulard, Lauren Guillemot, Alain Braud, Ammar Hideur, Patrice Camy, Pavel Loiko, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), ANR-19-CE08-0028,SPLENDID2,Lasers solides et amplificateurs à impulsions courtes au-delà de 2 µm(2019), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN)

Subjects
Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, business.industry, Slope efficiency, Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Photon upconversion, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Quantum efficiency, Emission spectrum, 0210 nano-technology, business, Lasing threshold, Ultrashort pulse
Abstract

We report on Czochralski growth, detailed ground- and excited-state absorption and emission spectroscopy and highly-efficient mid-infrared (∼2.3 µm) laser operation of a cubic potassium yttrium fluoride crystal, Tm:KY3F10. The peak stimulated-emission cross-section for the 3H4 → 3H5 transition is 0.34×10−20 cm2 at 2345 nm with an emission bandwidth exceeding 50 nm. The excited-state absorption spectra for the 3F4 → 3F2,3 and 3F4 → 3H4 transitions are measured and the cross-relaxation is quantified. A continuous-wave 5 at.% Tm:KY3F10 laser generated 0.84 W at 2331-2346 nm by pumping at 773 nm, with a record-high slope efficiency of 47.7% (versus the incident pump power) owing to the efficient action of energy-transfer upconversion leading to a pump quantum efficiency approaching 2. The first Tm:KY3F10 laser with ESA-assisted upconversion pumping (at 1048 nm) is also demonstrated. Due to its broadband emission properties, Tm:KY3F10 is promising for ultrashort pulse generation at ∼2.3-2.4 µm.

Published
2020

14. SESAM-mode-locked Tm:KY3F10 laser at 2340 nm

Author

Abdelmjid Benayad, Maciej Kowalczyk, Jean-Louis Doualan, Ammar Hideur, Patrice Camy, Pavel Loiko, Alain Braud, Lauren Guillemot, and Jaroslaw Sotor

Subjects
Materials science, Mode-locking, business.industry, law, Mode (statistics), Optoelectronics, Pulse duration, Limiting, Semiconductor saturable absorber, business, Laser, Fabry–Pérot interferometer, law.invention
Abstract

A Tm: KY3F10 laser operating on the 3H4 →3H5 transition (2340 nm) is mode-locked by a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror. A strong etalon effect originating from the SESAM is observed limiting the pulse duration to ~100 ps.

Published
2020

15. Design and modeling of a passively Q-switched diode-pumped Thulium laser at 2.3 μm

Author

Ammar Hideur, Jean-Louis Doualan, Pavel Loiko, Patrice Camy, Lauren Guillemot, Alain Braud, Florent Starecki, Esrom Kifle, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Optique, Matériaux et Laser (OML), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and ANR-19-CE08-0028,SPLENDID2,Lasers solides et amplificateurs à impulsions courtes au-delà de 2 µm(2019)

Subjects
Diffraction, Active laser medium, Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Laser power scaling, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Diode, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Linear polarization, Saturable absorption, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Pulse (physics), [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

We report on a diode-pumped Tm:LiYF4 laser operating on the 3H4 → 3H5 transition (at ∼ 2 . 3 μ m) passively Q-switched by a Cr2＋:ZnSe saturable absorber. This laser delivers a maximum average output power of 130 mW at 2304.6 nm with a nearly diffraction limited beam, a linear polarization ( π ) and no colasing at ∼ 1 . 9 μ m. The corresponding pulse characteristics (duration/energy) are 1.24 μ s/3.6 μ J at a repetition rate of 36 kHz. By power scaling under quasi-CW pumping, even shorter pulse durations of 870 ns and higher pulse energies of 6.1 μ J are achieved. The performance of the laser is simulated using a model of a quasi-four-level gain medium and a “slow” saturable absorber showing a good agreement with the experiment. The effect of the thermal lens of the saturable absorber on the pulse characteristics is discussed.

Published
2021

16. Liquid Phase Epitaxy Growth, Spectroscopy and First Laser Operation of Yb3+:CaF2 Waveguides

Author

Rémi Soulard, Magdalena Aguiló, Pavel Loiko, Patrice Camy, Jean-Louis Doualan, Abdelmjid Benayad, Gurvan Brasse, Lauren Guillemot, Francesc Díaz, Esrom Kifle, Alain Braud, and Xavier Mateos

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Amplifier, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Epitaxy, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, law.invention, Ion, 010309 optics, Thermal conductivity, law, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, Spectroscopy, business, Waveguide
Abstract

Ytterbium-doped calcium fluoride (Yb:CaF 2 ) is a recognized material for short-pulse power-scalable oscillato] at ∼1 μm [1]. It combines attractive thermo-mechanical properties of the host (thermal conductivity: 9.7 W/mK) wit smooth and broad gain spectra for Yb3+ ions supporting broadband tuning of the laser emission and generation c sub-100 fs pulses in the mode-locking operation mode [1,2]. Nowadays, Yb:CaF 2 crystals are widely used in high power bulk continuous-wave (CW) and pulsed lasers and amplifiers. In the present work, we aimed to explore th potential of this material in waveguide laser geometry.

Published
2019

17. Widely Tunable Tm:CaF2 Laser In-Band Pumped by a Fiber Laser at 1610 nm

Author

Jean-Louis Doualan, Patrice Camy, Romain Thouroude, Pavel Loiko, Mathieu Laroche, Aleksay Tyazhev, Hervé Gilles, and Ammar Hideur

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Crystal structure, Laser, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Wavelength, Quantum defect, Thermal conductivity, law, Optoelectronics, business, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Spectroscopy, Tunable laser
Abstract

High-brightness and tunable lasers operating in the 1800–2000 nm wavelength region are very attractive for applications such as spectroscopy, atmospheric remote sensing and medical surgery. So far, Tm3+-doped crystalline hosts, such as YLF and YAG, have proven to be ones of the most interesting gain materials [1, 2]. Among other available hosts, Tm:CaF 2 offers a high thermal conductivity and a very broad emission bands due to multisite crystal structure. Therefore, Tm:CaF 2 is a good candidate for high-power and broadband tunable laser emission between 1750 nm and 2000 nm. However, there are only a few reports on Tm:CaF 2 laser operation, mainly because of the lack of powerful pump sources at the optimum absorption wavelength of 767 nm, when using cross-relaxation process [3]. In comparison, in-band pumping of Tm-doped materials can be very efficient as the quantum defect may approach 85% [4, 5].

Published
2019

18. Linearly-polarized high-power Raman fiber lasers near 1670 nm

Author

Jean-Louis Doualan, R. Soulard, Patrice Camy, T. Robin, Ammar Hideur, B. Cadier, Mathieu Laroche, Hervé Gilles, Aleksey Tyazhev, Romain Thouroude, Optique, Matériaux et Laser (OML), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), iXBlue Photonics, Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche Ions Lasers (CIRIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie)

Subjects
Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Optics, Laser pumping, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, symbols.namesake, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Fiber Bragg grating, law, Fiber laser, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic Physics, Fiber, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Laser diode, business.industry, Laser, Raman laser, symbols, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, business, Raman spectroscopy
Abstract

International audience; We developed linearly-polarized and diffraction-limited Raman fiber laser (RFL) sources in the 1650–1680 nm spectral range with up to 6.2 W of output power. The pump laser near 1550 nm is a MOPA consisting of a laser diode seed source and two amplifier stages based on different erbium-doped fibers. Two RFL configurations using a PM single-mode fiber as Raman gain fiber are demonstrated and laser performances are numerically simulated. The first is a free-running laser configuration achieving 6.25 W of output power at 1655 nm and a conversion efficiency of 79%. In the second scheme, an all-fibered RFL using fiber Bragg gratings and emitting 5 W of output power at 1679 nm is demonstrated. In the latter case, performances limitations due to spectral broadening are analyzed.

Published
2019

19. Thulium Lasers at ~2.3 µm Based on Upconversion-Pumping Scheme

Author

Patrice Camy, Ammar Hideur, Jean-Louis Doualan, Pavel Loiko, Rémi Soulard, Alain Braud, Richard Moncorgé, and Lauren Guillemot

Subjects
Photon, Thulium, Materials science, chemistry, business.industry, law, Optoelectronics, chemistry.chemical_element, business, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Laser, Photon upconversion, law.invention
Abstract

Novel upconversion pumping schemes based on excited-state absorption (ESA) and photon avalanche are proposed for 2.3 μm (3H4→3H5) Thulium lasers. Low-threshold Tm3+:LiYF4 laser pumped at 1040 nm generates 102 mW at 2302 nm.

Published
2019

20. Efficient Tm:LiYF4 Lasers at ${\sim}2.3~\mu$ m: Effect of Energy-Transfer Upconversion

Author

Gurvan Brasse, Frédéric Druon, Ammar Hideur, Lauren Guillemot, Jean-Louis Doualan, Patrice Camy, Rémi Soulard, Pavel Loiko, Alain Braud, Aleksey Tyazhev, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Lasers, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie)

Subjects
spectroscopy, Energy transfer upconversion, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, mid- infrared, law.invention, Semiconductor laser theory, 010309 optics, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Solid-state lasers, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Slope efficiency, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Photon upconversion, laser transitions, Thulium, chemistry, Sapphire, Quantum efficiency, Atomic physics
Abstract

International audience; The 3 H 4 → 3 H 5 transition of Thulium ions (Tm 3+), which features laser emission at ∼2.3 µm is studied in details. We revise the conditions for efficient laser operation using a rate-equation model accounting for the ground-state bleaching , cross-relaxation and energy-transfer upconversion (ETU). We show that ETU has a crucial role in reaching more than unity pump quantum efficiency (QE) for ∼2.3 µm Tm lasers based on highly-doped crystals. A Ti:Sapphire pumped quasi-continuous-wave 3.5 at.% Tm:LiYF 4 laser generated 0.73 W at 2306 nm with a record-high slope efficiency of 47.3% (versus the absorbed pump power, for double-pass pumping) featuring a QE of 1.27. Diode-pumping of this crystal yielded a peak output power of >2 W. The first 2.3 µm Tm waveguide laser is also reported based on Tm:LiYF 4 epitaxial layers with even higher doping of 6.2 at.% generating 0.23 W with a slope efficiency of 19.8%. The spectroscopic properties of Tm:LiYF 4 relevant for the ∼2.3 µm laser operation are revised as well. Index Terms-Solid-state lasers, laser transitions, mid-infrared, spectroscopy.

Published
2019

21. (Tm,Ho):YLF laser passively mode-locked with a graphene saturable absorber

Author

Jean-Louis Doualan, Marlène Paris, Rémi Soulard, Gurvan Brasse, Thomas Godin, Alain Braud, Aleksey Tyazhev, Ammar Hideur, Patrice Camy, Pavel Loiko, Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Godin, Thomas

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Active laser medium, business.industry, Saturable absorption, Laser, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 3. Good health, law.invention, 010309 optics, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Mode-locking, law, Picosecond, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, Time-resolved spectroscopy, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Diode
Abstract

2-μm lasers are of particular interest for applications in medicine, remote sensing of CO2 and H2O in the atmosphere, optical communication systems, or time-resolved spectroscopy [1–3]. At this wavelength, most systems are nowadays based on Thulium, and Holmium-doped media. Ho-doped lasers are indeed attractive due to their emission above 2 μm, thus avoiding instabilities caused by water vapors absorption in air, and can be pumped at 1.9 μm with laser diodes, Co:Mg 2 F or Tm3+-doped lasers. Another way of pumping Ho-doped materials consists in co-doping Tm-containing materials with Ho, which allows to use powerful commercially available laser diodes around 790 nm. Among other laser hosts used to generate 2μm emission, YLF has attractive properties, such as good thermal conductivity, low thermal-lensing effects and natural birefringence [4]. We then recently demonstrated for the first time a passively mode-locked laser featuring a (Tm,Ho)-co-doped YLF gain medium [5]. The laser was mode-locked with a reflective graphene saturable absorber (GSA) and generated picosecond pulses with 52 mW average power at 75 MHz repetition rate. However, the output pulse train exhibited a relatively high amplitude modulation of more than 10%. Here, we explore a novel laser configuration using a transmitting GSA and demonstrate better noise performances and output power.

Published
2019

22. Thulium laser at ∼23 μm based on upconversion pumping

Author

Patrice Camy, Pavel Loiko, Lauren Guillemot, Ammar Hideur, Richard Moncorgé, Rémi Soulard, Jean-Louis Doualan, Alain Braud, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Optical Technologies and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, Fiber Bragg grating, law, Fiber laser, 0103 physical sciences, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Slope efficiency, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Photon upconversion, Wavelength, Thulium, chemistry, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

We report on novel upconversion (UC) pumping schemes for 2.3 μm thulium (Tm) lasers (the H43→H53 transition) based on a photon avalanche mechanism populating the intermediate metastable level (F43) acting as an effective ground state. The proposed pump wavelengths are ∼1 and ∼1.5 μm, each one corresponding to a resonant excited-state absorption transition F43→F2,33 and F43→H43, respectively. UC pumping at 1040, 1055, and 1451 nm of 2.3 μm Tm:LiYF4 lasers is demonstrated. In the former case, the laser generates 102 mW at 2302 nm with a slope efficiency of 14.6% (versus the incident pump power). The laser dynamics is studied. UC pumping is promising for reaching high efficiencies in 2.3 μm Tm lasers.

Published
2019

23. Continuous-wave Tm:YAlO 3 laser at ∼23 μm

Author

Michal Koselja, Jean-Louis Doualan, Pavel Loiko, Ammar Hideur, Patrice Camy, Richard Moncorgé, Alain Braud, Lauren Guillemot, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Optical Technologies and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Linear polarization, business.industry, Slope efficiency, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, 010309 optics, Crystal, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Continuous wave, Orthorhombic crystal system, Atomic physics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Lasing threshold, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The orthorhombic Tm3+:YAlO3 crystal is promising for laser operation at the H43→F43 (1.5 μm) and H43→H53 (2.3 μm) transitions. Stimulated-emission cross-sections for these transitions are determined with polarized light. Peak values of 0.59×10−20 cm2 and 0.80×10−20 cm2 are found at 1438 nm and 2275 nm, respectively, both for E∥b. The cross-relaxation defining the upper-laser level lifetime is quantified. Continuous-wave lasing at the H43→H53 transition is achieved with an a-cut 1.5 at.% Tm:YAlO3 crystal. The laser generated 254 mW at 2273 nm with a slope efficiency of 17.8% and linear polarization (E∥b).

Published
2019

24. Laser operation of highly-doped Tm:LiYF 4 epitaxies: towards thin-disk lasers

Author

Jean-Louis Doualan, Lauren Guillemot, Aleksey Tyazhev, Pavel Loiko, Patrice Camy, Gurvan Brasse, Rémi Soulard, Ammar Hideur, Alain Braud, Mohamed Salhi, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Doping, Slope efficiency, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Photon upconversion, Active layer, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, Thin disk, law, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Quantum efficiency, Thin film, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; Quasi-continuous-wave laser operation of 20 at.% Tm:LiYF4 thin films (84–240 μm) grown by Liquid Phase Epitaxy (LPE) on undoped LiYF4 substrates is achieved. The 240 μm-thick Tm:LiYF4 active layer pumped at 793 nm with a simple double-pass scheme generated 152 mW (average power) at 1.91 μm with a slope efficiency of 34.4% with respect to the absorbed pump power. A model of highly-doped Tm:LiYF4 lasers accounting for cross-relaxation, energy-transfer upconversion and energy migration is developed showing good agreement with the experiment. The pump quantum efficiency for Tm3+ ions is discussed and the energy-transfer parameters are derived. These results show that LPE-grown Tm:LiYF4 thin films are promising for ~1.9 μm thin-disk lasers.

Published
2019

25. Watt-level europium laser at 703 nm

Author

Pavel Loiko, Patrice Camy, Jean-Louis Doualan, Patrick Pues, Daniel Rytz, Sebastian Schwung, Thomas Jüstel, Optique, Matériaux et Laser (OML), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FEE Gmbh, FEE GmBh, FEE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Münster University of Applied Sciences, Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Crystal, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Laser threshold, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Green laser, Slope efficiency, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, chemistry, X-ray crystallography, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 0210 nano-technology, business, Europium, Monoclinic crystal system
Abstract

We report on a watt-level highly efficient europium laser operating at the 5 D 0 → 7 F 4 transition. It is based on the stoichiometric K E u ( W O 4 ) 2 crystal. Under pumping by a green laser at 532.1 nm, the K E u ( W O 4 ) 2 laser generated a maximum peak output power of 1.11 W at ∼ 703 n m with a slope efficiency of 43.2% and a linear polarization ( E ‖ N m ). A laser threshold as low as 64 mW was achieved. True continuous-wave operation was demonstrated. The polarized emission properties of monoclinic K E u ( W O 4 ) 2 were determined.

Published
2021

26. Detailed luminescence properties and laser potential of Pr:FAP

Author

Jean-Louis Doualan, Richard Moncorgé, Patrice Camy, Bin Xu, Zhiping Cai, Biao Qu, and Alain Braud

Subjects
Absorption spectroscopy, Chemistry, Praseodymium, Biophysics, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, 010309 optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Quantum efficiency, Emission spectrum, Atomic physics, 0210 nano-technology, Luminescence, Multiplet, Excitation
Abstract

Polarized absorption spectra are recorded from 400 nm to 2400 nm and analyzed within the framework of the Judd–Ofelt formalism. The best fit to the data is obtained by using the so-called “standard method” but by omitting the 3 H 4 → 3 P 2 hypersensitive absorption transition from the fitting procedure. Polarized and continuous-wave as well as time-resolved emission spectra are registered for the first time between 450 nm and 1200 nm. Fluorescence lifetime measurements are performed at different emission and for different excitation wavelengths. The analysis of the data confirms the low emission quantum efficiency of the ( 3 P 0,1 , 1 I 6 ) set of thermalized emitting levels and the predominance of the emissions coming from the 1 D 2 multiplet. It reveals the existence of an interesting near-infrared emission band coming from a 1 D 2 → 3 F 3 , 3 F 4 emission transition and extending from about 1000 nm to 1150 nm with a peak emission cross-section of 6.2×10 −20 cm 2 at 1073 nm.

Published
2016

27. Site selective analysis of Nd3+–Lu3+codoped CaF2laser crystals

Author

Vivien Ménard, Patrice Camy, Gurvan Brasse, Jean-Louis Doualan, Richard Moncorgé, Alain Braud, Abdelmjid Benayad, Rémi Soulard, S. Normani, and Jean-Paul Goossens

Subjects
Absorption spectroscopy, Chemistry, Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Photon upconversion, law.invention, 010309 optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Quantum efficiency, Emission spectrum, 0210 nano-technology, Spectroscopy, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)
Abstract

Within neodymium-doped laser crystals, the codoping of fluorite-type single crystals with non-optically active buffer ions reveals the possibility for broadband laser operation around 1 μm, which makes these materials appealing for a number of applications such as amplifiers for new generation laser fusion facilities. In this work, a detailed spectroscopic investigation of CaF2:Nd3+ single crystals co-doped with various concentrations of Lu3+ ions is presented. The results show that the Nd3+ emission quantum efficiency increases drastically with the Lu3+ concentration, as a consequence of the replacement of Nd3+–Nd3+ clusters by two predominant types of Nd3+–Lu3+ clusters. These two main Nd3+ emitting centres are characterized in detail by identifying, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, their individual absorption and emission cross-section spectra, along with their fluorescence and radiative lifetimes and respective concentrations. The identification of the two predominant Nd3+–Lu3+ clusters (labelled NL1 and NL2) is carried out at room temperature by carefully choosing the Lu3+ concentration, the time windows used in time-resolved spectroscopy and the excitation or emission wavelength. The determination of the different centre concentrations and respective absorption cross-sections is achieved by comparing selective time-resolved excitation spectra and absorption spectra encompassing contributions from Nd–Nd clusters and the two types of Nd3+–Lu3+ clusters. As the Lu3+ concentration increases, the NL2 centres become predominant and are characterized by an emission peak at 1054 nm and a stronger emission cross-section than that of their NL1 counterparts. Finally, the absorption cross-sections, concentrations and lifetimes are successfully used to calculate the contributions of NL1 and NL2 in the various emission spectra regardless of the Lu3+ concentration or excitation wavelength confirming the consistency of the spectroscopic description.

Published
2016

28. Watt-level diode-pumped thulium lasers around 2.3 µm

Author

Pavel Loiko, Florent Starecki, Patrice Camy, Jean-Louis Doualan, Lauren Guillemot, Thierry Georges, Julien Rouvillain, Alain Braud, Esrom Kifle, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), OXXIUS, Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-19-CE08-0028,SPLENDID2,Lasers solides et amplificateurs à impulsions courtes au-delà de 2 µm(2019)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Materials science, business.industry, Slope efficiency, chemistry.chemical_element, Laser, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Power (physics), 010309 optics, Wavelength, Optics, Thulium, chemistry, law, Fiber laser, 0103 physical sciences, Quantum efficiency, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Engineering (miscellaneous), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Diode
Abstract

We report on efficient diode-pumped mid-infrared lasers based on T m : L i Y F 4 , T m : Y 3 A l 5 O 12 , and T m : Y A l O 3 crystals. These lasers operate in the continuous-wave (CW) regime and deliver watt-level output power at the wavelengths of 2.2–2.3 µm (the 3 H 4 → 3 H 5 T m 3 + transition). In particular, a 1.8 at. % T m : Y A l O 3 laser pumped at 789 nm generates a maximum CW output power of 1.32 W at 2272–2277 nm with a slope efficiency of 33.1% (with respect to the absorbed pump power), a linear laser polarization ( E ∥ b ), and a fundamental transverse output mode (the measured M x 2 = 1.26 , M y 2 = 1.68 ). In the quasi-CW regime, the output peak power is scaled up to 2.69 W. The pump quantum efficiency and the fractional heat loading are estimated and discussed.

Published
2020

29. Thermally-induced-anisotropy issues in oriented cubic laser crystals, the cryogenically cooled Yb:CaF2 case

Author

Patrick Georges, Patrice Camy, Richard Moncorgé, Frédéric Druon, Kévin Genevrier, Jean-Louis Doualan, Dimitris N. Papadopoulos, Mondher Besbes, Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Lasers, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Condensed matter physics, Isotropy, General Engineering, Physics::Optics, General Physics and Astronomy, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Cubic crystal system, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Induced polarization, law.invention, 010309 optics, Crystal, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Anisotropy, Refractive index, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Cubic crystals are often favored due to their interesting isotropic properties -such as the refractive index, the dilatation, etc-that simplify their use in laser systems. Among all Yb-doped high-symmetry materials, Yb:CaF2 is a very attractive one for high-energy high-power lasers. However, in such systems, thermal loads become important and thermal anisotropic effects can occur even for simple cubic crystals impacting severely the laser system design. In this context, we report here, a study of thermally induced polarization anisotropy in Yb-doped CaF2 laser crystals. Both thermal lens and thermally induced depolarization are precisely studied for different crystal orientations, namely the [110] and the [111] orientation. The study is performed with a pump/probe setup adapted to improve the signal-to-noise ratio under high power pumping. We observed both, classical-thermally induced depolarization and thermal lensing in accordance with previous work, but also, for certain configurations, atypical depolarization figures and astigmatic lenses. These results were also confronted with numerical simulations. The comparison between the [110] and the [111] oriented crystals represents a crucial study to determine the origins of these unusual effects and to allow a better understanding of thermal anisotropy in cubic laser-crystals.

Published
2018

30. Dy3+ doped CaF2 crystals spectroscopy for the development of Mid-infrared lasers around 3 µm

Author

Abdelmjid Benayad, Jean-Louis Doualan, Patrice Camy, Alain Braud, and Gurvan Brasse

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Doping, Mid infrared, chemistry.chemical_element, Laser, law.invention, Ion, chemistry, law, Rare earth ions, Dysprosium, Optoelectronics, Spectroscopy, business, Excitation
Abstract

In this communication, we present a spectroscopic study of Dy3+ -doped and Tm3+ -Dy3+ codoped CaF2 as promising candidates to develop solid-state laser sources around 3 μm. In view of the preliminary experimental results, we first demonstrate the advantage of Tm3+ ions as sensitizers to improve the excitation of Dy3+ ions in CaF2 and then is highlighted a singular behavior of Dy3+ doped CaF2 crystals that present a multisite character due to clustering of rare earth ions. The spectroscopic characteristics of each site is studied and discussed, as well as the potential of Tm3+ codoping for laser applications around 3μm.

Published
2018

31. The effect of excitation intensity variation and silver nanoparticle codoping on nonlinear optical properties of mixed tellurite and zinc oxide glass doped with Nd2O3 studied through ultrafast z-scan spectroscopy

Author

Patrice Camy, Jean-Louis Doualan, H. Darabian, C.D.S. Bordon, R. F. Falci, Maria José Valenzuela Bell, L. M. Moreira, V. Anjos, Luciana R. P. Kassab, Richard Moncorgé, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), and Universite de Caen

Subjects
Nd3+, Materials science, Nonlinear optics, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, z-scan, 010309 optics, Inorganic Chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Transmittance, Z-scan technique, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, Slope efficiency, Doping, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Picosecond, Optoelectronics, Nanoparticles, 0210 nano-technology, business, Ultrashort pulse
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:52:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-05-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) The research on Nd3+ doped new solid-state laser hosts with specific thermo-mechanical and optical properties is very active. Nd3+ doped tellurite glasses are suitable for these applications. They have high linear and nonlinear refraction index, wide transmittance range. The TeO2-ZnO (TZO) glass considered in the present work combines all those features and the nonlinear optical properties can be used for the development of Kerr-lens mode-locked sub picosecond lasers. Recently the laser performance of Nd3+ doped TZO glass and was reported and laser slope efficiency of 21% was observed. We investigate how the intensity variation and the silver nanoparticles codoping affects the nonlinear optical properties of Nd3+ doped TZO glasses. Intensity dependent nonlinear refraction indices coefficients at 750, 800 and 850 nm were observed. The nonlinear optical features were obtained through ultrafast single beam z-scan technique with excitations at 750, 800 and 850 nm and are up to two orders of magnitude higher than those reported in the literature. Laboratório de Espectroscopia de Materiais Departamento de Física Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Laboratório de Tecnologia em Materiais Fotônicos e Optoeletrônicos Faculdade de Tecnologia de São Paulo CEETEPS/UNESP Departamento de Engenharia de Sistemas Eletrônicos Escola Politécnica da USP Centre de recherche sur les Ions les Matériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP) UMR CNRS-CEA-Ensicaen Universite de Caen, 6 Boulevard Maréchal Juin Laboratório de Tecnologia em Materiais Fotônicos e Optoeletrônicos Faculdade de Tecnologia de São Paulo CEETEPS/UNESP

Published
2018

32. Passively mode-locked diode-pumped Tm$^{3+}$ :YLF laser emitting at 1.91 $\mu$m using a GaAs-based SESAM

Author

Jean-Louis Doualan, R. Soulard, Gurvan Brasse, Aleksey Tyazhev, Thomas Godin, Patrice Camy, Ammar Hideur, Alain Braud, Mathieu Laroche, Marlène Paris, Richard Moncorgé, Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-10-LABX-0009,EMC3,Energy Materials and Clean Combustion Center(2010), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN)

Subjects
Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, crystalline laser, eye-safe region, Instrumentation, Diode, fluoride crystals, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Tm-doped, business.industry, passively mode-locked, Spectral window, Mode (statistics), Saturable absorption, Relative air humidity, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Power (physics), Wavelength, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, diode-pumped, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; We report on a diode-pumped Tm:YLF laser passively mode-locked with an InGaAs saturable absorber. The laser emits a train of 31 ps pulses at a wavelength of 1.91 $\mu$m with a repetition rate of 94 MHz and a maximum average power of 95 mW. A sustained and robust mode-locking with a signal-to-noise ratio of ~70 dB is obtained even at high relative air humidity, making this system attractive for applications requiring ultra-short pulses in the spectral window just below 2 $\mu$m.

Published
2018

33. Laser material Nd:Lu:CaF2 characterization for amplification application at 1053 nm (Conference Presentation)

Author

Jean-Louis Doualan, Jean-Paul Goossens, Sébastien Montant, Patrice Camy, Simone Normani, Diane Stoffel, and Alain Braud

Subjects
Birefringence, Materials science, business.industry, Amplifier, Multiphysics, Laser, Thermal diffusivity, law.invention, Optics, law, Laser beam quality, business, Beam (structure), Diode
Abstract

Laser facility such as the Megajoule Laser dedicated to laser-matter interaction including inertial fusion need pre-amplifier modules (PAM) which must respect a high beam quality. The current PAM use Nd:Phosphate material to work at 1053 nm with a repetition rate of 1shot/5min limited by a low thermal diffusion. However, it would be interesting to increase the shot rate for alignment or diagnostic purposes. Therefore, we propose to change this amplification material by crystal Nd:Lu:CaF2 with a thermal diffusion ten times higher in a new amplification architecture scheme in view of achieving a repetition rate of 10Hz. However, this material must fulfill the beam specifications to be integrated in the actual amplification chain. We report here a characterization of the thermal induced effects under a diode pump energy density of 13J/cm2. We begin by studying the spatially resolved induced birefringence with a cross polarizer-analyzer setup and then we measure the wave-front variations along two perpendicular polarizations. As the thermal elevation implies stress and then birefringence, we use an IR camera to study the surface thermal diffusion of the samples. Finally we reconstruct the stress pattern of our samples by simulating the global setup with COMSOL software which includes the thermal and mechanic Multiphysics interaction. This model allows us first to compare with experimental results and then to entirely simulate the mechanical behavior of this new material. These results obtained for the regenerative amplifier would enable us to study a new architecture scheme like disks multi-pass amplifier.

Published
2018

34. 8 mu m luminescence from a Tb3+ GaGeSbSe fiber

Author

Jean-Louis Doualan, Bruno Bureau, Virginie Nazabal, Patrice Camy, Florent Starecki, Catherine Boussard-Plédel, Alain Braud, Nora Abdellaoui, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-15-CE39-0007], ANR-15-CE39-0007,OPTIGAS,Capteur tout optique infrarouge pour gaz dangereux(2015), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Chalcogenide, Doping, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Fluorescence, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optical pumping, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, law, Attenuation coefficient, 0103 physical sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Fiber, 0210 nano-technology, business, Luminescence
Abstract

International audience; In this Letter, we report for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, on an emission at 8 μm from Tb-doped GaGeSbSe chalcogenide fibers with doping levels at 1000 ppm and 500 ppm. These fibers were drawn following conventional melt-quenching methods and pumped at 2.05 μm using a Tm: YAG laser. The spectroscopic properties of the emitting F7 manifold are investigated to rule out any parasitic signal mimicking the real Tb 8 μm emission. Time-resolved spectroscopic experiments are presented to build a comprehensive study of this 8 μm fluorescence recorded with a clear signal-to-noise ratio.

Published
2018

35. Passively Mode-locked (Tm,Ho):YLF Laser

Author

Gurvan Brasse, Jean-Louis Doualan, Rémi Soulard, Marlène Paris, Patrice Camy, Ammar Hideur, Pavel Loiko, Thomas Godin, Alain Braud, Aleksey Tyazhev, Poux, Alexandre, Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Fiber diameter, Materials science, business.industry, Graphene, Saturable absorption, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, [PHYS] Physics [physics], 010309 optics, Wavelength, law, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Laser beams, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Diode
Abstract

A passively mode-locked (Tm,Ho):YLF laser is reported for the first time. The laser is pumped with a high-power multimode laser diode and mode-locked with a graphene saturable absorber, delivering 52 mW of output power with a repetition rate of 75 MHz at a central wavelength of 2051 nm.

Published
2018

36. Efficient bulk and waveguide Tm:LiYF4 lasers at 2306 nm

Author

Jean-Louis Doualan, Gurvan Brasse, Ammar Hideur, Rémi Soulard, Lauren Guillemot, Blandine Guichardaz, Alain Braud, Aleksey Tyazhev, Patrice Camy, Frédéric Druon, Pavel Loiko, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Espaces et Sociétés (ESO), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Lasers, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Le Mans Université (UM), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Waveguide lasers, Waveguide (electromagnetism), Materials science, business.industry, Slope efficiency, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Light propagation, law, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The 3H4→3H5 transition of Tm3+ in LiYF4 is characterized. Efficient 2.3-μm bulk and waveguide lasers are demonstrated. A CW diamond-saw-diced channel waveguide laser generated 147 mW at 2306 nm with a slope efficiency of 33.5%.

Published
2018

37. Watt-level Tm:LiYF 4 channel waveguide laser produced by diamond saw dicing

Author

Aleksey Tyazhev, Alain Braud, Blandine Guichardaz, Jean-Louis Doualan, Gurvan Brasse, Rémi Soulard, Patrice Camy, Pavel Loiko, Ammar Hideur, Center for Optical Technologies and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie)

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Amplifier, Slope efficiency, Diamond, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Epitaxy, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Sapphire, engineering, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Wafer dicing, 0210 nano-technology, business, Waveguide
Abstract

International audience; Low-loss surface channel waveguides with a cross-section of 30 × 30 μm2 are produced by diamond saw dicing of 6.2 at.% Tm3+, 3.5 at.% Gd3+:LiYF4 films grown by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) on (001)-oriented bulk undoped LiYF4 substrates. Pumped by a Ti:Sapphire laser at 783 nm, a continuous-wave Tm:LiYF4 waveguide laser generated 1.30 W at 1880 nm (for π-polarization) with a slope efficiency of 80% with respect to the absorbed pump power. The laser threshold was at 80 mW. The waveguide morphology was studied revealing low roughness (3 ± 2 μm) as expressed by the propagation losses of

Published
2018

38. InGaN-LD-pumped Pr3+:LiYF4 continuous-wave deep red lasers at 697.6 and 695.8 nm

Author

Patrice Camy, Zhiping Cai, Jean-Louis Doualan, Biao Qu, Yongjie Cheng, Richard Moncorgé, Huiying Xu, Bin Xu, and Saiyu Luo

Subjects
Materials science, Birefringence, Laser diode, business.industry, Slope efficiency, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Optics, law, Continuous wave, Optoelectronics, Laser power scaling, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Fabry–Pérot interferometer, Beam (structure)
Abstract

We report a power-scaled operation at π-polarized ~698 nm and σ-polarized ~696 nm deep red lasers in Pr:YLF crystal pumped by a 2-W InGaN LD (laser diode) after a pump beam reshaping. The maximum output power of the π-polarized laser emission at 697.6 nm was up to 348 mW with slope efficiency of about 32.7% in a free-running mode. The σ-polarized laser emission at 695.8 nm was also realized for the first time using a simple and compact Brewster-angle orientated intracavity etalon playing role as birefringence filter and the generated maximum output power of the 695.8 nm laser was up to 116 mW with slope efficiency of about 18.5% with respect to the absorbed pump power.

Published
2015

39. Laser Active Materials for High-Intensity Lasers

Author

Richard Moncorgé and Jean-Louis Doualan

Subjects
Active laser medium, Materials science, business.industry, Far-infrared laser, Laser pumping, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Semiconductor laser theory, law.invention, Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser, Optics, law, Diode-pumped solid-state laser, Optoelectronics, Laser power scaling, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract

Many laser materials have been discovered or rediscovered in the last 30 years but only a few of them have been really considered or could be envisaged in the development of the present and future high-intensity laser chains. It is the case of Ti:Sapphire, because of its exceptional spectroscopic and thermo-mechanical properties, and a number of Yb3+ doped crystals, because of their relatively broad absorption and emission bands allowing for diode pumping and the generation and the amplification of short pulses, but also because of reduced thermal loads resulting from a low quantum defect. It could be the case of other promising laser materials based on Pr3+ - or Cr2+-doped crystals and ceramics which have not been considered yet for this type of applications because of more exotic pump and laser wavelengths. Therefore, without entering into the details of the optical properties and the laser performance of these systems, which can be found in many other articles, a review is made and data presented here on the three important following aspects: our ability of developing ultrahigh quality and large size laser elements of the considered materials, the impact of the thermal loads on their spectral properties, and the multiphoton and nonlinear processes which can be the origin of the degradation or the perturbation of their optical properties at high pump and laser intensities. For that description, the considered laser materials have been divided into three categories: Ti3+:Sapphire, the most important Yb3+-doped laser crystals and ceramics, and some more prospective materials among which Pr3+:LiYF4, Cr 2+ZnSe and Cr2+:ZnS.

Published
2015

40. High Repetition Rate Yb:CaF2 Multipass Amplifiers Operating in the 100-<roman>mJ</roman> Range

Author

Richard Moncorgé, Alain Pellegrina, Frédéric Druon, Jean-Louis Doualan, Patrice Camy, Marc Hanna, Patrick Georges, Florence Friebel, and Dimitrios Papadopoulos

Subjects
Optical amplifier, Range (particle radiation), Materials science, business.industry, Amplifier, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Pulse (physics), 010309 optics, Optical pumping, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0210 nano-technology, business, Energy (signal processing), Parametric statistics
Abstract

We present the research advances on the development of 50–200 mJ energy range diode-pumped Yb:CaF2 -based multipass amplifiers operating at relatively high repetition rates. These laser amplifiers are based on diverse innovative geometries. All these innovations aim to design compact, stable, and reliable amplifiers adapted to our application that consists in pumping ultrashort-pulse optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier systems in the frame of the Apollon 10-PW laser project. The targeted repetition rate is in the range of 20–100 Hz with energies of few tens of mJ for the first stages up to 1 J for the final stage. An analysis of the specificities of Yb:CaF2 is done to explain the different options, we chose to fulfil these specifications. The critical points and limitations of the multipass Yb:CaF2-based amplifiers are subsequently discussed. To overcome the encountered problems, different issues are investigated such as crystal optimisation, laser head geometry, thermo-optical dynamics, or coherent combining techniques. Experimental results for different multipass configurations are demonstrated and discussed.

Published
2015

41. InGaN-LD-Pumped <tex-math notation='TeX'>${\rm Pr}^{3+}$</tex-math>: <tex-math notation='TeX'>${\rm LiYF}_{4}$</tex-math> Continuous-Wave Laser at 915 nm

Author

Richard Moncorgé, Patrice Camy, Bin Xu, Jean-Louis Doualan, Saiyu Luo, Huiying Xu, Biao Qu, Zhiping Cai, Yongjie Cheng, and Yikun Bu

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Slope efficiency, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Semiconductor laser theory, law.invention, Crystal, Electricity generation, law, Continuous wave, Optoelectronics, Laser beam quality, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Atomic physics, business
Abstract

We demonstrate the first InGaN-LD-pumped room temperature and continuous-wave laser operation of a ${\rm Pr}^{3+}$ : ${\rm LiYF}_{4}$ crystal at 915 nm. A maximum output power up to 78 mW with a laser slope efficiency of about 17% is obtained. The round-trip optical losses are estimated to be about 0.45%, and the ${\rm M}^{2}$ beam quality factors measured in $x$ and $y$ dimensions are about 1.07 and 1.04, respectively.

Published
2014

42. Fiber laser pumped Yb:CaF2 regenerative amplifier delivering 130 fs pulses with 4.3 W output power

Author

Jean-Louis Doualan, Richard Moncorgé, Pierre Sevillano, Dominique Descamps, Eric Cormier, and Patrice Camy

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Amplifier, Pulse duration, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Semiconductor laser theory, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, Regenerative amplification, law, Fiber laser, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, Laser power scaling, 0210 nano-technology, business, Self-phase modulation
Abstract

High repetition rate femtosecond lasers able to deliver pulse energies ranging from few hundred microjoules to the millijoule level is a very active and competitive field in laser research. In laser bulk technology, major improvements toward high average power were (i) the reduction of the pump heat load through Yb-doped crystals development and (ii) the availability of low cost and bright diode-laser pump sources. Nodaways, Yb:YAG laser sources provide few hundreds of watts at multi-kHz repetition rates in thin disk [1] or slab [2] amplifier configurations with pulse duration close to the picosecond level due to the restricted gain bandwidth of Yb:YAG. Shortening the pulse duration of high average power laser, without the help of self-phase modulation process inside or outside the amplifier, requires Yb-doped crystal hosts associating broad gain bandwidth and good thermal conductivity. So far, Yb-doped regenerative amplifiers delivering multi-watt at multi-kHz repetition rate provide pulse duration close to 300 fs in Yb:CALGO [3] and 200 fs in Yb:CaF2 at cryogenic temperature [4]. In this work, we report on the first 130 fs room temperature Yb:CaF 2 chirped pulse regenerative amplifier delivering an average power exceeding 4.3 watts when the laser system operates from 5 kHz to 50 kHz. By means of an Yb-doped fiber pump source, a long Yb:CaF 2 crystal with low doping concentration has been used to increase the heat load volume and therefore reduce the amplifier temperature while maintaining high optical efficiency and broad effective bandwidth emission.

Published
2017

43. 2.3-µm Tm3+:YLF Mode-locked laser

Author

Ammar Hideur, Mohamed Salhi, Aleksey Tyazhev, Richard Moncorgé, Jean-Louis Doualan, Mathieu Laroche, Patrice Camy, Alain Braud, and Rémi Soulard

Subjects
Optics, Materials science, Mode-locking, Repetition (rhetorical device), business.industry, law, Mode (statistics), business, Laser, Power (physics), law.invention
Abstract

A passively mode-locked Tm:YLF laser at 2.3µm is reported for the first time. The sustained mode locking operation is obtained with a SESAM and leads to an average output power of 70 mW with a repetition rate of 100 MHz.

Published
2017

44. 2.3 μm Tm^3+:YLF mode-locked laser

Author

Rémi Soulard, Jean-Louis Doualan, Patrice Camy, Bin Xu, Ammar Hideur, Mathieu Laroche, Alain Braud, Aleksey Tyazhev, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Department of Electronic Engineering (Xiamen University), Xiamen University, Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Repetition (rhetorical device), business.industry, Mode (statistics), Pulse duration, 02 engineering and technology, Semiconductor saturable absorber, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Power (physics), 010309 optics, X-ray laser, Optics, Mode-locking, law, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; A passively mode-locked Tm:YLF laser emitting at 2.3 μm is reported for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The continuous-wave stable mode-locking operation is obtained with a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror at a repetition rate of 100 MHz. The average output power is 165 mW for a pulse duration of 94 ps.

Published
2017

45. 1.91 μm Diode-pumped Tm3+:YLF Bulk Laser Passively Mode-locked with GaAs-based SESAM

Author

Ammar Hideur, Richard Moncorgé, Marlène Paris, Jean-Louis Doualan, Aleksey Tyazhev, Mathieu Laroche, Gurvan Brasse, Patrice Camy, Alain Braud, Rémi Soulard, Thomas Godin, Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), and Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, business.industry, Mode (statistics), Laser, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Power (physics), Wavelength, Mode-locking, law, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, Pulse wave, business, Laser beams, Diode
Abstract

International audience; We report on a passively mode-locked diode-pumped Tm3+:YLF oscillator operating at the central wavelength of 1.91 µm. The laser is mode-locked with a GaAs-based SESAM and emits a pulse train at 95 MHz with a maximal power of 73 mW.

Published
2017

46. Ytterbium calcium fluoride waveguide laser

Author

Francesc Díaz, Magdalena Aguiló, Esrom Kifle, Pavel Loiko, Jean-Louis Doualan, Gurvan Brasse, Abdelmjid Benayad, Patrice Camy, Xavier Mateos, Rémi Soulard, Lauren Guillemot, and Alain Braud

Subjects
Ytterbium, Active laser medium, Materials science, business.industry, Slope efficiency, Doping, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Epitaxy, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Waveguide (optics), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, Thin film, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

Calcium fluoride is a well-known material for optical components. It is also suited for doping with rare-earth ions, e.g., ytterbium ones. Yb:CaF2 is an efficient gain medium for high-power and ultrashort-pulse bulk lasers around 1 μm. We report on the first Yb:CaF2 planar waveguide laser. High-optical-quality single-crystalline waveguiding Yb:CaF2 thin films are grown on bulk CaF2 substrates by Liquid Phase Epitaxy. The spectroscopic study indicates the predominant coordination of isolated Yb3+ ions in trigonal oxygen-assisted sites, C3v(T2). The optical gain in Yb:CaF2 waveguide is demonstrated. A 1.4 at.% Yb:CaF2 planar waveguide laser generated 114 mW at 1037 nm with a slope efficiency of 12.9%. Yb:CaF2 films are promising for power-scalable waveguide mode-locked lasers and amplifiers.

Published
2019

47. InGaN-LD-Pumped Continuous-Wave Deep Red Laser at 670 nm in Pr3+:LiYF4 Crystal

Author

Patrice Camy, Richard Moncorge, Zhiping Cai, Huiying Xu, Bin Xu, Saiyu Luo, Biao Qu, Yongjie Cheng, and Jean-Louis Doualan

Subjects
Materials science, Active laser medium, business.industry, Far-infrared laser, Slope efficiency, Laser pumping, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Laser linewidth, Optics, law, Diode-pumped solid-state laser, Optoelectronics, Laser power scaling, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract

We report the first laser operation at π-polarized 670.34-nm deep red laser in a 2-W InGaN-LD-pumped Pr 3+ :LiYF 4 (Pr:YLF) crystal with the aid of a 0.1-mm intracavity etalon, to the best of our knowledge. The maximum output power of this laser emission was up to 87.6 mW with slope efficiency of ~11.9$ % with respect to the absorbed pump power. The beam propagation factors in x-direction and y-direction were measured to be 1.49 and 1.05, respectively.

Published
2015

48. Highly efficient InGaN-LD-pumped bulk Pr:YLF orange laser at 607nm

Author

Zhe Liu, Fengjuan Wang, Chenghang Zeng, Jean-Louis Doualan, Richard Moncorgé, Patrice Camy, H. Xu, Alain Braud, Shunlin Huang, Zhiping Cai, Yan Yu, and Bin Xu

Subjects
Materials science, Laser diode, business.industry, Slope efficiency, Laser pumping, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Optics, Quality (physics), law, Orange laser, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business, Single crystal, Laser beams
Abstract

We report continuous-wave orange laser operation at 607.5 nm of a 8 mm long 0.2at% Pr:LiYF 4 single crystal with an improved laser slope efficiency. Using a single InGaN laser diode emitting at ∼444 nm as a pump source, an output power of ∼200 mW was achieved with a threshold absorbed pump power of ∼150 mW and a laser slope efficiency of nearly 42%. M 2 factors of 1.40 and 1.28 were measured in the x and y directions, respectively, attesting to the good quality of the output laser beam.

Published
2013

49. Pure and Yb3+ doped fluorites (Ca, Sr, Ba)F2: A renewal for the future high intensity laser chains

Author

Patrice Camy, Jean-Louis Doualan, Lourdes Patricia Ramirez, Alain Braud, Richard Moncorgé, Frédéric Druon, Dimitris N. Papadopoulos, J. Margerie, Sandrine Ricaud, Patrick Georges, and Aurélie Jullien

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, High intensity, Amplifier, Doping, Biophysics, Physics::Optics, Mineralogy, General Chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Biochemistry, Fluorite, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, law, Optoelectronics, business, Luminescence
Abstract

Nonlinear and spectroscopic properties of pure and Yb3+ doped fluorites are reviewed. Pure fluorites, like BaF2, appear as very valuable nonlinear materials for improving the contrast of high intensity and ultra-short laser pulses. Heavily Yb3+ doped fluorites, like Yb3+:CaF2, thanks to the unique luminescence properties, appear as very favourable amplifier media for the future high power laser chains.

Published
2013

50. Highly doped Tm:YLF LPE crystalline layers for 1.9µm lasers

Author

Ammar Hideur, Gurvan Brasse, Jean-Louis Doualan, Thomas Godin, Mohamed Salhi, Patrice Camy, Rémi Soulard, Richard Moncorgé, Mathieu Laroche, Alain Braud, and Aleksey Tyazhev

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Energy transfer, Doping, Liquid phase, Laser pumping, Laser, Epitaxy, law.invention, law, Optoelectronics, business, Layer (electronics), Tunable laser
Abstract

Laser operation at 2 µm is reported using an epitaxial, highly Tm-doped, 240 µm thick LiYF4 layer grown by liquid phase epitaxy. Simulation of laser operation is compared to experiments.

Published
2016

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