1. Positive End-expiratory Pressure and Distribution of Ventilation in Pneumoperitoneum Combined with Steep Trendelenburg Position
- Author
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Tetsuro Nikai, Nozomi Katayama, Atsuko Shono, Kei Ugata, Tatsuya Fujihara, Stephan H. Bohm, Yoji Saito, and Andreas D. Waldmann
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Endpoint Determination ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Trendelenburg position ,Atelectasis ,Pulmonary function testing ,Head-Down Tilt ,Positive-Pressure Respiration ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pneumoperitoneum ,Robotic Surgical Procedures ,030202 anesthesiology ,Electric Impedance ,Medicine ,Humans ,Postoperative Period ,Positive end-expiratory pressure ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Prostatectomy ,business.industry ,Environmental air flow ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,respiratory system ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Diaphragm (structural system) ,Respiratory Function Tests ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Anesthesia ,Breathing ,Respiratory Mechanics ,Laparoscopy ,business ,Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial - Abstract
Background Pneumoperitoneum and a steep Trendelenburg position during robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy have been demonstrated to promote a cranial shift of the diaphragm and the formation of atelectasis in the dorsal parts of the lungs. However, neither an impact of higher positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on preserving the ventilation in the dorsal region nor its physiologic effects have been fully examined. The authors hypothesized that PEEP of 15 cm H2O during robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy might maintain ventilation in the dorsal parts and thus improve lung mechanics. Methods In this randomized controlled study, 48 patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy were included in the analysis. Patients were assigned to the conventional PEEP (5 cm H2O) group or the high PEEP (15 cm H2O) group. Regional ventilation was monitored using electrical impedance tomography before and after the establishment of pneumoperitoneum and 20° Trendelenburg position during the surgery. The primary endpoint was the regional ventilation in the dorsal parts of the lungs while the secondary endpoints were lung mechanics and postoperative lung function. Results Compared to that in the conventional PEEP group, the fraction of regional ventilation in the most dorsal region was significantly higher in the high PEEP group during pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position (mean values at 20 min after taking Trendelenburg position: conventional PEEP, 5.5 ± 3.9%; high PEEP, 9.9 ± 4.7%; difference, –4.5%; 95% CI, –7.4 to –1.6%; P = 0.004). Concurrently, lower driving pressure (conventional PEEP, 14.9 ± 2.5 cm H2O; high PEEP, 11.5 ± 2.8 cm H2O; P < 0.001), higher lung dynamic compliance, and better oxygenation were demonstrated in the high PEEP group. Postoperative lung function did not differ between the groups. Conclusions Application of a PEEP of 15 cm H2O resulted in more homogeneous ventilation and favorable physiologic effects during robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy but did not improve postoperative lung function. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New more...
- Published
- 2019