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Three samples of jackfruit peel were prepared, which were processed through adding no additives, adding lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and adding both LAB and pectinase respectively. In order to find out the regular pattern of microbial flora, microbial flora of each sample was analyzed during ensiling. It was found out that growth of LAB reached its peak of 1.2×109～4.5×109 CFU/g FM in the 7th day of ensiling, growth of aerobic bacteria reached its peak of 3.5×105～1.8×106 CFU/g FM in the 3rd day of ensiling, and growth of yeast reached its peak of 2.8×105～4.6×105 CFU/g FM in the 3rd day of ensiling. All of the samples with different way of processing showed the same trend that growth of microbial flora number were increased gradually and then decreased. It were also found out that decrease of pH value had relation with LAB number, and decrease of pH value were lagged behind the peak number of LAB, and number of aerobic bacteria and yeast were decreased with reproducing of LAB and decline of pH value. Quality of silage added with LAB, and both pectinase and LAB were better than that with no additives.

Four samples of banana stems and leaves were prepared, which were processed through adding no additives, adding molasses, adding lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and adding both LAB and molasses respectively. In order to find out the regular pattern of microbial flora, microbial flora of each sample was analyzed during ensiling. It was found out that growth of LAB reached its peak of 6.4×107～7.8×109 CFU/g FM in the 6th day of ensiling, growth of aerobic bacteria reached its peak of 2.8×104～5.6×104 CFU/g FM in the 3rd day of ensiling, and growth of yeast reached its peak of 8.6×104～5.8×106 CFU/g FM in the 3rd day of ensiling. All of the samples with different way of processing showed the same trend that growth of microbial flora number were increased gradually and then decreased. It were also found out that decrease of pH value had relation with LAB number, and decrease of pH value were lagged behind the peak number of LAB, and number of aerobic bacteria and yeast were decreased with reproducing of LAB and decline of pH value. Nutrition constituent of forage made of banana stems and leaves was as follows: Dry matter 32.27%～33.59%，Crude protein 7.42%～8.16%, Acid detergent fiber 38.21%～41.43%. Quality of silage added with molasses, LAB and both molasses and LAB were better than that with no additives.

In order to investigate the nutritive and ensiling characteristics of banana stems and leaves, the chemical compositions of banana stems and leaves were analyzed and the effects of additives on fermentation quality were measured. The research results showed: Banana stems and leaves had high fiber content (stem>58% DM, leaf >72% DM), nitrogen free extract content (>50% DM), and water soluble carbohydrate contents (WSC>5% DM), with certain nutritive value. Tannins of banana stem and leaf were 0.11% DM and 0.24% DM. There were lactic acid bacteria (>105cfu/g FM) in the banana stems and leaves; they might be well preserved with some treatments.

Four lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains named HN78, HN87, HN91 and HN113 were separated fromStylosanthes guianensis SW. of Hainan province, which were identified bacterially using the classical classification and the sequences of 16S rDNA. The results showed that four strains wereEnterococcus hirae,Enterococcus faecalis,Lactococcus lactisandLactobacillus plantarum. The capability of lactic acid production of HN113 and HN91 were better than HN78 and HN87.

In order to ensure better conservation and to increase the nutritive value of barley straw, the effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and cellulase addition were studied. Two cellulases were Acremonium cellulase (AC) and Meiji cellulase (MC). Both cellulase and LAB addition decreased the pH values (P < 0.05) and increased lactic acid content when compared with the control, and their combination had further benefits over them alone. The efficiencies of improving fermentation quality were AC + LAB > MC + LAB > AC > MC > LAB. Cellulase addition significantly reduced ADF and crude fiber contents, and increased NFE content compared to the control (P < 0.05). The TDN contents of barley straw silages treated with AC, AC+LAB, MC and MC+LAB were increased by 11.9%, 15.5%, 7.0% and 10.8%, respectively.