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1. Standardizing the classification of skin tears: validity and reliability testing of the International Skin Tear Advisory Panel Classification System in 44 countries.

Author

Van Tiggelen H, LeBlanc K, Campbell K, Woo K, Baranoski S, Chang YY, Dunk AM, Gloeckner M, Hevia H, Holloway S, Idensohn P, Karadağ A, Koren E, Kottner J, Langemo D, Ousey K, Pokorná A, Romanelli M, Santos VLCG, Smet S, Tariq G, Van den Bussche K, Van Hecke A, Verhaeghe S, Vuagnat H, Williams A, and Beeckman D

Subjects
Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Skin injuries, Surveys and Questionnaires, Lacerations diagnosis, Soft Tissue Injuries
Abstract

Background: Skin tears are acute wounds that are frequently misdiagnosed and under-reported. A standardized and globally adopted skin tear classification system with supporting evidence for diagnostic validity and reliability is required to allow assessment and reporting in a consistent way., Objectives: To measure the validity and reliability of the International Skin Tear Advisory Panel (ISTAP) Classification System internationally., Methods: A multicountry study was set up to validate the content of the ISTAP Classification System through expert consultation in a two-round Delphi procedure involving 17 experts from 11 countries. An online survey including 24 skin tear photographs was conducted in a convenience sample of 1601 healthcare professionals from 44 countries to measure diagnostic accuracy, agreement, inter-rater reliability and intrarater reliability of the instrument., Results: A definition for the concept of a 'skin flap' in the area of skin tears was developed and added to the initial ISTAP Classification System consisting of three skin tear types. The overall agreement with the reference standard was 0·79 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0·79-0·80] and sensitivity ranged from 0·74 (95% CI 0·73-0·75) to 0·88 (95% CI 0·87-0·88). The inter-rater reliability was 0·57 (95% CI 0·57-0·57). The Cohen's Kappa measuring intrarater reliability was 0·74 (95% CI 0·73-0·75)., Conclusions: The ISTAP Classification System is supported by evidence for validity and reliability. The ISTAP Classification System should be used for systematic assessment and reporting of skin tears in clinical practice and research globally. What's already known about this topic? Skin tears are common acute wounds that are misdiagnosed and under-reported too often. A skin tear classification system is needed to standardize documentation and description for clinical practice, audit and research. What does this study add? The International Skin Tear Advisory Panel Classification System was psychometrically tested in 1601 healthcare professionals from 44 countries. Diagnostic accuracy was high when differentiating between type 1, 2 and 3 skin tears using a set of validated photographs., (© 2019 The Authors. British Journal of Dermatology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Association of Dermatologists.)

Published
2020
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2. Standardizing the classification of skin tears:validity and reliability testing of the International Skin Tear Advisory Panel Classification System in 44 countries

Author

Kevin Y. Woo, H. Van Tiggelen, Jan Kottner, Ann Williams, Heidi Hevia, Karen Ousey, Mary Gloeckner, Ann Marie Dunk, Gulnaz Tariq, Sofie Verhaeghe, K Van den Bussche, Kim LeBlanc, A. Van Hecke, Dimitri Beeckman, Samantha Holloway, Vera Lúcia Conceição de Gouveia Santos, Sharon Baranoski, Y Y Chang, Steven Smet, Diane Langemo, Hubert Vuagnat, Karen Campbell, Ayişe Karadağ, Marco Romanelli, Patricia Idensohn, E Koren, Andrea Pokorná, Karadağ, Ayişe (ORCID 0000-0001-6436-1647 & YÖK ID 3549), Van Tiggelen, H., LeBlanc, K., Campbell, K., Woo, K., Baranoski, S., Chang, Y. Y., Dunk, A. M., Gloeckner, M., Hevia, H., Holloway, S., Idensohn, P., Koren, E., Kottner, J., Langemo, D., Ousey, K., Pokorna, A., Santos, V. L. C. G., Smet, S., Tariq, G., Van den Bussche, K., Van Hecke, A., Verhaeghe, S., Vuagnat, H., Williams, A., Beeckman, D., School of Nursing, and Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Soft Tissue Injuries, Skin flap, EXTREMITIES, Validity, PRESSURE-ULCER, Dermatology, Audit, Pressure-ulcer, Risk-factors, Prevalence, Care, Translation, Extremities, Validation, Prevention, Agreement, Lacerations, VALIDATION, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Humans, Reliability (statistics), Skin, integumentary system, business.industry, Medicine, Reproducibility of Results, Intra-rater reliability, Original Articles, CARE, PREVENTION, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, Skin Tears, PREVALENCE, DIAGNÓSTICO, AGREEMENT, Diagnostic validity, Physical therapy, RISK-FACTORS, General Dermatology, TRANSLATION, business
Abstract

Background: skin tears are acute wounds that are frequently misdiagnosed and under-reported. A standardized and globally adopted skin tear classification system with supporting evidence for diagnostic validity and reliability is required to allow assessment and reporting in a consistent way. Objectives To measure the validity and reliability of the International Skin Tear Advisory Panel (ISTAP) Classification System internationally. Methods: a multicountry study was set up to validate the content of the ISTAP Classification System through expert consultation in a two-round Delphi procedure involving 17 experts from 11 countries. An online survey including 24 skin tear photographs was conducted in a convenience sample of 1601 healthcare professionals from 44 countries to measure diagnostic accuracy, agreement, inter-rater reliability and intrarater reliability of the instrument. Results: a definition for the concept of a 'skin flap' in the area of skin tears was developed and added to the initial ISTAP Classification System consisting of three skin tear types. The overall agreement with the reference standard was 0 center dot 79 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0 center dot 79-0 center dot 80] and sensitivity ranged from 0 center dot 74 (95% CI 0 center dot 73-0 center dot 75) to 0 center dot 88 (95% CI 0 center dot 87-0 center dot 88). The inter-rater reliability was 0 center dot 57 (95% CI 0 center dot 57-0 center dot 57). The Cohen's Kappa measuring intrarater reliability was 0 center dot 74 (95% CI 0 center dot 73-0 center dot 75). Conclusions: the ISTAP Classification System is supported by evidence for validity and reliability. The ISTAP Classification System should be used for systematic assessment and reporting of skin tears in clinical practice and research globally. What's already known about this topic? Skin tears are common acute wounds that are misdiagnosed and under-reported too often. A skin tear classification system is needed to standardize documentation and description for clinical practice, audit and research. What does this study add? The International Skin Tear Advisory Panel Classification System was psychometrically tested in 1601 healthcare professionals from 44 countries. Diagnostic accuracy was high when differentiating between type 1, 2 and 3 skin tears using a set of validated photographs., International Skin Tear Advisory Panel (ISTAP)

Published
2020

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