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In this study, the thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes (Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales) from Denmark are presented as an illustrated monograph. Sixteen species and one genus are newly described based on morphology and ecology (host association). The new genus is named Tanmaurkiella Santam. gen. nov. and includes two species: T. pselaphi Santam. gen. et sp. nov. (type species) and T. huggertii Santam. gen. et sp. nov., both on Pselaphus heisei Herbst, 1792 (Col. Staphylinidae Pselaphinae). The other 14 new species are Amorphomyces ventricosus Santam. sp. nov. on Myrmecocephalus concinnus (Erichson, 1839) (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), Cantharomyces papillatus Santam. sp. nov. on Bledius terebrans (Schiødte, 1866) (Col. Staphylinidae Oxytelinae), Cryptandromyces cryptophagi Santam. sp. nov. on Cryptophagus distinguendus Sturm, 1845 (Col. Cryptophagidae), Cryptandromyces danicus Santam. sp. nov. on Euconnus wetterhallii (Gyllenhal, 1813) (Col. Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae), Dimeromyces oculatus Santam. sp. nov. on Longitarsus luridus (Scopoli, 1763) (Col. Chrysomelidae), Euphoriomyces enghoffii Santam. sp. nov. on Leiodes rugosa Stephens, 1829 (Col. Leiodidae), Euphoriomyces smicri Santam. sp. nov. on Smicrus filicornis (Fairmaire & Laboulbène, 1855) (Col. Ptiliidae), Laboulbenia inexpectata Santam. sp. nov. on Acupalpus exiguus Dejean, 1829 (Col. Carabidae), Laboulbenia pygidicola Santam. sp. nov. on Syntomus truncatellus (Linnaeus, 1761) (Col. Carabidae), Monoicomyces brachiatus Santam. sp. nov. on Atheta sodalis (Erichson, 1837) and Ocyusa picina (Aubé, 1850) (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), Monoicomyces crassicaulis Santam. sp. nov. on Oxypoda elongatula Aubé, 1850 (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), Monoicomyces reboleirae Santam. sp. nov. on Gnypeta carbonaria (Mannerheim, 1830) (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), Monoicomyces validus Santam. sp. nov. on Atheta vestita (Gravenhorst, 1806), Aleochara grisea Kraatz, 1856, and Geostiba circellaris (Gravenhorst, 1806) (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), and Stigmatomyces thoracochaetae Santam. sp. nov. on Thoracochaeta brachystoma (Stenhammer, 1855) (Diptera Sphaeroceridae). The total number of laboulbeniaceous species from Denmark rises from 29 to 195, which means that 166 are here reported as new country records. Among these, Kainomyces isomali Thaxt. deserves special mention as it is a new European record. The same applies to nine species which are reported here for the first time after their original description. For this study, an intensive sampling programme has been realized, with 429 Danish localities screened including around 1900 collections with fungi. Two new synonymies are established: Laboulbenia acupalpi Speg. (Spegazzini 1915a) syn. nov. for Laboulbenia stenolophi Speg. (Spegazzini 1914), and Monoicomyces oxytelis Huldén (Huldén 1983) syn. nov. for Monoicomyces invisibilis Thaxt. (Thaxter 1900). The new combination Peyritschiella oxyteli (Cépède & F.Picard) Santam. comb. nov. is proposed for Rheophila oxyteli Cépède & F.Picard including neotypification, and delimitation of Peyritschiella protea Thaxt. is incorporated. Lectotypes for Laboulbenia polyphaga Thaxt. and Symplectromyces vulgaris (Thaxt.) Thaxt. are designated. Nineteen species are illustrated here with photographs for the first time. Three species: Eumonoicomyces papuanus Thaxt., Peyritschiella protea, and Stigmatomyces euconni F.Picard, which were reported from Denmark in the literature should be removed from the Danish Funga. We have examined the following types of Thaxter from FH (Farlow Herbarium, Harvard University Herbaria): Asaphomyces cholevae Thaxt., Dimorphomyces myrmedoniae Thaxt., Eumonoicomyces papuanus, Laboulbenia polyphaga, Peyritschiella protea, Rhadinomyces pallidus Thaxt., and Symplectromyces vulgaris. Ceratomyces pyrenaeus Santam. is newly recorded from USA, and this is also a new record from the American continent. Description of the genus Cryptandromyces Thaxt. has been emended to incorporate the new species here described. Morphology of the antheridium in Eumonoicomyces papuanus is studied, and the status of the genus Eumonoicomyces Thaxt. vis-à-vis Monoicomyces Thaxt. is discussed. Identification keys are provided for genera and species. In support of the additional aim of this work to serve as a reference for the study of Laboulbeniomycetes fungi in Europe, we include maps and the Appendix 1 for comparison of the known species in the ten most diverse, better studied, European countries.

Four new species of Laboulbenia are described, adding substantially to the known species recorded from Heteroptera hosts. Previously, only 12 species of Laboulbenia and only 96 of the approximate 2...

The following five new species of Laboulbenia are described: L. angkorensis, parasitic on Pseudolathra armigera (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae); L. fusca, parasitic on Planetes formosanus (Coleoptera, Carabidae); L. polyandra, parasitic on Macrocheilus sp. (Carabidae); L. scabra, parasitic on Abacetus sp. (Carabidae), and L. trilobata, parasitic on Dioryche indochinensis (Carabidae). Nineteen species of Laboulbenia are reported for the first time from Cambodia and the taxonomic position of L. asiatica is discussed. New records from Angola, China, Greece, Israel, Kenya, Philippines, Romania, Sierra Leone, Zimbabwe are also reported.

In this paper we present an updated checklist of thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes (Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina), that is, the orders Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales, from Belgium and the Netherlands. Two species are newly described based on morphology, molecular data (ITS, LSU ribosomal DNA) and ecology (host association). These areHesperomyces halyziaeonHalyzia sedecimguttata(Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) from both countries andLaboulbenia quarantenaeonBembidion biguttatum(Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Belgium. In addition, nine new country records are presented. For Belgium:Laboulbenia aubryionAmara aranea(Coleoptera, Carabidae) andRhachomyces spinosusonSyntomus foveatus(Coleoptera, Carabidae). For the Netherlands:Chitonomyces melanurusonLaccophilus minutus(Coleoptera, Dytiscidae),Euphoriomyces agathidiionAgathidium laevigatum(Coleoptera, Leiodidae),Laboulbenia fasciculataonOmophron limbatum(Coleoptera, Carabidae),Laboulbenia metabletionSyntomus foveatusandS. truncatellus(Coleoptera, Carabidae),Laboulbenia pseudomaseionPterostichus melanarius(Coleoptera, Carabidae),Rhachomyces canariensisonTrechus obtusus(Coleoptera, Carabidae), andStigmatomyces hydrelliaeonHydrellia albilabris(Diptera, Ephydridae). Finally, an identification key to 140 species of thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes in Belgium and the Netherlands is provided. Based on the combined data, we are able to identify mutual gaps that need to be filled as well as weigh the impact of chosen strategies (fieldwork, museum collections) and techniques in these neighboring countries. The aim of this work is to serve as a reference for studying Laboulbeniomycetes fungi in Europe.

Laboulbenia cristata Thaxt. MB#236717 Fig. 29A Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 28: 174 (Thaxter 1893). – Type: [Not designated] [Ind. loc.] “On elytra, abdomen, and legs of Paederus littorarius Grav. and P. obliteratus Lec., Maine; Paederus sp.? Mexico and Nicaragua; Paederus ruficollis Fabr., Austria”; FH. Diagnostic features Cell V rectangular in optical section, as long as cell IV. Septum IV–V vertical, connected with septum III–IV. Outer appendage consisting of 2–3 rather straight, apparently rigid, elongate branches arising above the suprabasal cell which bears a dorsal additional branch, often reduced to a rimmed darkened expansion (Fig. 29A, arrow). Inner appendage consisting of a basal cell which is half as long as the outer basal cell, giving rise to 1–2 simple or once ramified branches bearing 1–2 apical antheridia each. [Detailed descriptions: Thaxter 1896; Sugiyama 1973; Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts Very common on Paederus (Col. Staphylinidae Paederinae) and some closely related genera (Megapaederus ? – this genus does not exist, it probably refers to Megalopaederus Scheerpeltz, 1957 –, Uncopaederus Korge, 1969, Madecapaederus Fagel, 1958) from the five continents (Santamaria et al. 1991; Majewski 2008). Recently recorded from Thailand (Rossi & Bernardi 2018), Cambodia, Romania (Kong et al. 2020), and Slovenia (Rossi & Christian 2020). Collections examined from Denmark On Paederus riparius (Linnaeus, 1758) (Col. Staphylinidae Paederinae) DENMARK – Fyn (F) • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2 Apr. 2014; JP 686; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123174 • Kratholm ved Bellinge; 55°19.710′ N, 10°19.335′ E; NG83; 18 May 2016; JP 88; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122563. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Lysemose ved Maribo; 54°46.971′ N, 11°28.959′ E; PF57; 7 May 2017; JP 647; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123135 • Røgbølle Sø ved Sørup; 54°42.608′ N, 11°34.757′ E; PF66; 15 Oct. 2019; JP 1520; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124275 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1335; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123874. – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Syd for Krogsagergård; 56°37.534′ N, 9°45.551′ E; NH47; 24 Nov. 2019; JP 1553; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124314. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Eriksholm Skov; 55°41.771′ N, 11°47.912′ E; PG77; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 727; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123220 • Fruebjerg i Strøgårdsvang; 55°58.539′ N, 12°16.659′ E; UC30; 18 Oct. 2018; JP 1216; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123743 • Indelukket ved Frederiksborg Slot; 55°56.191′ N, 12°17.861′ E; UC30; 12 Apr. 2016; JP 1; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122471 • ibid.; 19 Mar. 2017; JP 668; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123157 • Lyngen ved Ølstykke; 55°47.738′ N, 12°10.253′ E; UB28; 15 May 2013; JP 865; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123361 • Nord for Frederikssund; 55°51.404′ N, 12°3.534′ E; UB17; 14 Dec. 2013; R. Aagaard Jensen 405; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122888 • Nord for Risø; 55°42.184′ N, 12°6.692′ E; UB17; 14 Dec. 2013; R. Aagaard Jensen 621; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123109 • Ud for Kongelundsfortet; 55°33.724′ N, 12°33.731′ E; UB46; 15 Apr. 2018; JP 1048; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123564. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 888; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123386 • Flasken nord for Reersø; 55°31.965′ N, 11°9.831′ E; PG35; 26 Jan. 2014; JP 603; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123092 • Nordbredden af Skarresø; 55°39.425′ N, 11°22.998′ E; PG47; 1 May 2013; JP 845; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123340 • Vesterlyng; 55°44.195′ N, 11°17.276′ E; PG47; 9 Feb. 2014; JP 633; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123122. – Sydjylland (SJ) • Braenøre Mose; 55°23.906′ N, 9°25.714′ E; NG23; 5 Aug. 2018; JP 1163; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123688. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Avnø; 55°5.206′ N, 11°45.142′ E; PG70; 14 Dec. 2014; M. A. Krag 159; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122638 • Denderup Sø i Denderup Vaenge; 55°15.075′ N, 11°57.366′ E; PG82; 9 Apr. 2019; JP 1423; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123969 • ibid.; 9 Jun. 2019; JP 1473; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124053 • Even Bro; 55°8.694′ N, 12°0.601′ E; UB11; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1360; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123898 • Holmegårds Mose; 55°17.685′ N, 11°47.928′ E; PG73; 31 Mar. 2019; JP 1407; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123953 • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.331′ N, 12°6.357′ E; UA19; 27 Mar. 2018; JP 1018; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123525 • ibid.; 54°59.572′ N, 12°6.715′ E; UA19; 3 Jan. 2019; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-1298; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123831 • Praestø; 55°6.913′ N, 12°2.035′ E; UB11; 25 Apr. 2019; JP 1433; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123980. Remarks First record from Denmark. It is probably one of the most common species of the genus Laboulbenia. Unmistakable species that does not seems to be related to any other. It does not present variations that deserve to be mentioned., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 142-144, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Thaxter R. 1893. New species of Laboulbeniaceae from various localities. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 28 (10): 156 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20020515","Thaxter R. 1896. Contribution towards a monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 12 (3): 187 - 429.","Sugiyama K. 1973. Species and genera of the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) in Japan. Ginkgoana 2: 1 - 97.","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Santamaria S., Balazuc J. & Tavares I. I. 1991. Distribution of the European Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina). An annotated list of species. Treballs de l'Institut Botanic de Barcelona 14: 1 - 123.","Majewski T. 2008. Laboulbeniales. In: Chlebicki A. (ed.) Atlas of the Geographical Distribution of Fungi in Poland 4: 1 - 240. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow.","Rossi W. & Bernardi M. 2018. New species and new records of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Thailand. Mycosphere 9 (6): 1151 - 1172. https: // doi. org / 10.5943 / mycosphere / 9 / 6 / 6","Kong P., Try Y. & Rossi W. 2020. New species and new records of Laboulbenia (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales) from Cambodia. Phytotaxa 474 (2): 119 - 131. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 474.2.2","Rossi W. & Christian E. 2020. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Austria and neighbouring areas. Sydowia 72: 149 - 161."]}

Laboulbenia lecoareri (Balazuc) Huldén MB#104411 Fig. 35D–E Karstenia 25: 6 (Huldén 1985). – Basionym: Laboulbenia subterranea subsp. lecoareri Balazuc, Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon 43(8): 306 (Balazuc 1974e) [MB#352876]. – Type: “Hôte: Trechoblemus micros (Herbst) (Col. Carab. Trechidae),… Une centaine d’exemplaires … proviennent d’une ancienne carrière souterraine de gypse voisine du carrefour du Tremble en fôret de l’Isle-Adam (Val-d’Oise, commune de Nerville)”; PC. [France] Diagnostic features Cell V obtriangular, half or less of the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage unbranched, very elongated, up to 500 µm long, consisting of many variably long cells, where the basal and suprabasal cells are distinctively narrow and paler than the ones above. Inner appendage absent. Insertion cell thick and separated from the perithecial wall. [Detailed description: Majewski 1994b] Distribution and hosts Typically infesting Trechoblemus micros (Col. Carabidae) (often as Trechus) but also mentioned on Thalassophilus longicornis (Sturm, 1825) (Balazuc 1990) from France, Germany, Hungary, Norway, Poland, United Kingdom (Santamaria et al. 1991), Belgium (De Kesel 1998), Ukraine (Majewski 2008) and Switzerland (Hoess & Senn-Irlet 2009). Collections examined from Denmark On Trechoblemus micros (Herbst, 1784) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Gedser Strand; 54°33.588′ N, 11°58.187′ E; PF95; 27 Jun. 1903; Chr. Engelhart Dry 0054; Chr. Engelhart det.; ZMUC C-F-124120. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Tryggevaelde Å ved Varpelev; 55°21.055′ N, 12°15.877′ E; UB23; 6 Jan. 2018; JP 968; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123475. Remarks First record from Denmark. A photo of this species is given here for the first time. This species could be suspected of being dioecious because of the presence of diminutive, likely male thalli paired with normal ones (Fig. 35D) and the absence of an inner appendage. Nevertheless, Balazuc’s drawings (1974e: fig. 51d–e) display a very minute basal cell of inner appendage, sometimes giving rise to a very thin branch weirdly divided into squarish cells; he also illustrated an accompanying diminutive thallus. Majewski (1994b) described an inner appendage but did not support it with figures. De Kesel et al. (2020) drew this inner appendage in one of their figures. Perhaps the inner appendage is caducous and disappears with maturation of thalli., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 170-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Hulden L. 1985. Floristic notes on Palaearctic Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes). Karstenia 25: 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 1985.231","Balazuc J. 1974 e. Laboulbeniales de France (suite). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 43 (8): 295 - 315.","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Balazuc J. 1990. Catalogue actuel des Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes parasites) de la France metropolitaine. L'Entomologiste 46 (5): 219 - 232.","Santamaria S., Balazuc J. & Tavares I. I. 1991. Distribution of the European Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina). An annotated list of species. Treballs de l'Institut Botanic de Barcelona 14: 1 - 123.","De Kesel A. 1998. Identificatie en gastheerspectrum van het genus Laboulbenia in Belgie (Ascomycetes, Laboulbeniales). Sterbeeckia 18: 13 - 31.","Majewski T. 2008. Laboulbeniales. In: Chlebicki A. (ed.) Atlas of the Geographical Distribution of Fungi in Poland 4: 1 - 240. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow.","Hoess R. & Senn-Irlet B. 2009. Qualitative and quantitative infestation of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) by parasitic fungi (Ascomycetes: Laboulbeniales) in Switzerland. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 82 (1 - 2): 103 - 142.","De Kesel A., Gerstmans C. & Haelewaters D. 2020. Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium. Sterbeeckia 36: 3 - 143."]}

Laboulbenia flagellata Peyr. MB#193832 Fig. 32 Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Wien. Mathematischnaturwissenschaftliche Classe. Abteilung 1 68: 247 (Peyritsch 1873). – Type: [Not designated] [Ind. loc.] [Type lost?!] “Der Pilz befällt die Flügeldecken von Bembidium lunatum Duft., … Ausserdem habe ich ihn auf Anchomenus albipes F., and A. marginatus L. angetroffen”. [Austria, according to Balazuc 1974b] Laboulbenia anceps Peyr. (Peyritsch 1873: 247) [MB#172583] Laboulbenia elongata Thaxt. (Thaxter 1890: 10) [MB#187192] Laboulbenia lepida Thaxt. (Thaxter 1896: 323) [MB#222474] Laboulbenia anisodactyli Speg. (Spegazzini 1914: 46) [MB#150969] Laboulbenia pierantonii S.Colla. (Colla 1926: 172) [Not registered in MycoBank] Laboulbenia rougetii var. europhili Siemaszko & W.Siemaszko (Siemaszko & Siemaszko 1928: 203) [MB#139517] Diagnostic features Cell V obtriangular, half of the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage with the lower dorsal margin ± obscured; once branched above the suprabasal cell. Inner appendage consisting of a basal cell slightly shorter and narrower than basal cell of outer appendage, supporting a variable number of sterile and fertile branches bearing paired lateral antheridia. [Detailed descriptions: Sugiyama 1973; Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998; Villarreal et al. 2010; De Kesel & Gerstmans 2011] Distribution and hosts Laboulbenia flagellata is a very common and cosmopolitan species found on the five continents, infecting not less than 12 tribes and more than 80 genera of ground beetles (Santamaria et al. 1991; Majewski 2008; Haelewaters et al. 2019b). Early reported in Denmark by Rostrup (1916, 1935). Collections examined from Denmark On Agonum emarginatum (Gyllenhal, 1827) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Raghammer Odde; 55°1.193′ N, 14°55.777′ E; VA99; 22 Jun. 2018; JP 1151; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123675. On Agonum fuliginosum (Panzer, 1809) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Skelsmyre i Rønne Plantage; 55°4.375′ N, 14°45.096′ E; VB80; 25 Apr. 2014; JP 507; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122990 • Svartingedalen ved Baggeå; 55°11.740′ N, 14°45.260′ E; VB81; 23 Jun. 2018; JP 1161; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123687. – Østjylland (EJ) • Hald Ege; 56°24.287′ N, 9°20.550′ E; NH25; 19 Oct. 2013; JP 794; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123289 • Hampen Sø; 56°1.082′ N, 9°23.149′ E; NH20; 21 Mar. 2014; JP 437; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122922 • Kjellerup; 56°17.644′ N, 9°25.850′ E; NH23; 16 Feb. 2018; JP 977; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123484 • Ørnsø ved Silkeborg; 56°9.446′ N, 9°31.488′ E; NH32; 11 Mar. 2017; JP 277; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122756. – Fyn (F) • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2Apr. 2014; JP 707; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123197 • Rishave; 55°33.475′ N, 10°24.013′ E; NG85; 19 Apr. 2018; JP 1071; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123588. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Lysemose ved Maribo; 54°46.971′ N, 11°28.959′ E; PF57; 7 May 2017; JP 660; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123149 • Nyord; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 830; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123324 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1306; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123841. – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Vesterskoven i Tofte Skov; 56°50.346′ N, 10°13.361′ E; NJ70; 7 Aug. 2013; JP 316; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122795. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Eriksholm Skov; 55°41.771′ N, 11°47.912′ E; PG77; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 735; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123228 • Faergelunden; 55°50.540′ N, 12°1.735′ E; UB19; 16 Nov. 2013; JP 594; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123083 • Gurre Vang; 56°1.470′ N, 12°29.486′ E; UC41; 14 Apr. 2017; JP 262; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122741 • Indelukket ved Frederiksborg Slot; 55°56.191′ N, 12°17.861′ E; UC30; 19 Mar. 2017; JP 664; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123153 • ibid.; 12 Apr. 2016; JP 18; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122491 • Nord for Risø; 55°42.184′ N, 12°6.692′ E; UB17; 14 Dec. 2013; R. Aagaard Jensen 631; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123120 • Vaserne; 55°49.129′ N, 12°26.343′ E; UB38; 21 Apr. 2018; L. Thomas 1119; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123639. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Vest for Vinderup; 56°28.727′ N, 8°44.810′ E; MH85; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 773; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123268. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 881; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123379 • Vesterlyng; 55°44.195′ N, 11°17.276′ E; PG47; 9 Feb. 2014; JP 642; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123130. – Sydjylland (SJ) • Lakolk; 55°8.325′ N, 8°29.618′ E; MG61; 31 May 2013; JP 291; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122770. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Denderup Sø i Denderup Vaenge; 55°15.075′ N, 11°57.366′ E; PG82; 5 May 2016; JP 489; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122973 • Gammel Kalvehave; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 25 Apr. 2019; JP 1443; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123991 • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.235′ N, 12°6.280′ E; UA19; 14 Jan. 2012; JP 544; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123028 • Praestø; 55°6.913′ N, 12°2.035′ E; UB11; 25 Apr. 2019; JP 1437; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123984. – Vestjylland (WJ) • Velling; 56°3.078′ N, 8°18.596′ E; MH51; 16 Dec. 2018; JP 1254; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123782. On Agonum gracile Sturm, 1824 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Tranesig i Tofte Skov; 56°51.597′ N, 10°13.575′ E; NJ70; 1 Oct. 2010; JP 74; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122549. On Agonum marginatum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Nordhavnstippen på Københavns Nordhavn; 55°43.091′ N, 12°37.088′ E; UB57; 29 Apr. 2018; JP 1090; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123608 • Ud for Kongelundsfortet; 55°33.724′ N, 12°33.731′ E; UB46; 15 Apr. 2018; JP 1051; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123567. – Sydjylland (SJ) • Sønderstrand på Rømø; 55°6.373′ N, 8°29.380′ E; MG60; 25 Oct. 2017; H. Liljehult 619; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123107. On Agonum micans (Nicolai, 1822) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Fyn (F) • Kratholm ved Bellinge; 55°19.710′ N, 10°19.335′ E; NG83; 18 May 2016; JP 87; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122562. On Agonum muelleri (Herbst, 1784) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Kjellerup; 56°17.644′ N, 9°25.850′ E; NH23; 16 Feb. 2018; JP 978; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123485. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Brønshøj; 55°42.234′ N, 12°30.135′ E; UB47; 22 Jun. 2016; JP 113; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122590 • Naerum; 55°49.077′ N, 12°32.686′ E; UB48; 2 Dec. 2011; JP 474; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122958. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Legind; 56°45.832′ N, 8°48.782′ E; MH89; 19 Oct. 2008; JP 75; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122550. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Nordbredden af Skarresø; 55°39.469′ N, 11°23.147′ E; PG47; 18 Feb. 2017; JP 340; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122819. On Agonum piceum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Syd for Krogsagergård; 56°37.534′ N, 9°45.551′ E; NH47; 24 Nov. 2019; JP 1556; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124317. – Vestjylland (WJ) • Velling; 56°3.078′ N, 8°18.596′ E; MH51; 16 Dec. 2018; JP 1248; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123776. On Agonum thoreyi Dejean, 1828 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Svartingedalen ved Baggeå; 55°11.740′ N, 14°45.260′ E; VB81; 23 Jun. 2018; JP 1160; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123686. – Østjylland (EJ) • Viemose ved Ringkloster; 56°0.632′ N, 9°57.400′ E; NH50; 12 Mar. 2017; JP 531; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123015. – Fyn (F) • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2 Apr. 2014; JP 708; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123198. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Nyord; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 831; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123325. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Auderød Skov; 55°59.117′ N, 12°5.579′ E; UC10; 28 Jan. 2018; J. Søgaard Hansen 997; J. Søgaard Hansen det.; ZMUC C-F-123504 • Brønshøj (Degnemosen); 55°42.043′ N, 12°30.352′ E; UB47; 26 May 2016; JP 289; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122768 • Faergelunden; 55°50.540′ N, 12°1.735′ E; UB19; 16 Nov. 2013; JP 595; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123084 • Lyngen ved Ølstykke; 55°47.738′ N, 12°10.253′ E; UB28; 15 May 2013; JP 862; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123357 • Ud for Kongelundsfortet; 55°33.724′ N, 12°33.731′ E; UB46; 15 Apr. 2018; JP 1052; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123568. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Nord for Landting ved Vinderup; 56°30.049′ N, 8°45.384′ E; MH86; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 566; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123052. – Sydjylland (SJ) • Lakolk; 55°8.325′ N, 8°29.618′ E; MG61; 31 May 2013; JP 292; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122771. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Even Bro; 55°8.694′ N, 12°0.601′ E; UB11; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1365; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123905 • Gammel Kalvehave; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 25 Apr. 2019; JP 1442; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123990 • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.235′ N, 12°6.280′ E; UA19; 14 Jan. 2012; JP 545; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123029 • ibid.; 54°59.572′ N, 12°6.715′ E; UA19; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1273; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123803. On Agonum versutum Sturm, 1824 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Skelsmyre i Rønne Plantage; 55°4.375′ N, 14°45.096′ E; VB80; 25 Apr. 2014; JP 505; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122988. On Agonum viduum (Panzer, 1797) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Lysemose ved Maribo; 54°46.971′ N, 11°28.959′ E; PF57; 7 May 2017; JP 659; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123148. On Anchomenus dorsalis (Pontoppidan, 1763) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Øst for Østerlars; 55°9.619′ N, 14°59.763′ E; VB91; 25 Apr. 2014; JP 210; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122689. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Brøndby; 55°39.089′ N, 12°24.487′ E; UB37; 22 Apr. 2016; JP 45; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122520. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Holtug Kalkbrud; 55°20.470′ N, 12°26.678′ E; UB33; 21 Sep. 2013; JP 347; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122829. On Anisodactylus binotatus (Fabricius, 1787) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Utterslev Mose; 55°42.714′ N, 12°29.907′ E; UB47; 3 Jun. 2016; H.S. Pedersen 112; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122589. On Harpalus affinis (Schrank, 1781) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Kjellerup; 56°17.282′ N, 9°26.197′ E; NH23; 16 Oct. 2014; JP 320; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122798. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Naerum; 55°49.077′ N, 12°32.686′ E; UB48; 2 Dec. 2011; JP 476; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122960. On Loricera pilicornis (Fabricius, 1775) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Nyord; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 827; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123321. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Brønshøj (Degnemosen); 55°42.043′ N, 12°30.352′ E; UB47; 26 May 2016; JP 288; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122767 • Gurre Vang; 56°1.470′ N, 12°29.486′ E; UC41; 14 Apr. 2017; JP 265; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122744. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Flommen ved Sorø; 55°25.957′ N, 11°34.477′ E; PG64; 25 Jul. 2009; JP 77; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122552 • Sorø, Kristiansminde; 55°25.115′ N, 11°35.209′ E; PG64; 22 Jul. 2013; H. Enghoff 308; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122787. On Nebria brevicollis (Fabricius, 1792) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Esrum Lund; 56°2.938′ N, 12°22.141′ E; UC31; 1–12 May 2006; J. Høier 1571; P. Jørum; ZMUC C-F-124332 • Lille Hareskov ved Harrevads Bro; 55°45.966′ N, 12°22.601′ E; UB38; 1–12 May 2006; J. Høier 1573; P. Jørum; ZMUC C-F-124334 • Nørreskoven; 55°47.865′ N, 12°23.054′ E; UB38; 1–12 Sep. 2006; J. Høier 1572; P. Jørum; ZMUC C-F-124333. On Oxypselaphus obscurus (Herbst, 1784) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Hampen Sø; 56°1.082′ N, 9°23.149′ E; NH20; 21 Mar. 2014; JP 433; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122918. – Fyn (F) • Rishave; 55°33.475′ N, 10°24.013′ E; NG85; 19 Apr. 2018; JP 1070; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123587. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Krenkerup Haveskov; 54°46.408′ N, 11°39.955′ E; PF77; 8 Jul. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 907; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123405 • ibid.; 19 Jul. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 922; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-12342 • ibid.; 16–24 Aug. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 912; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123410 • Lysemose ved Maribo; 54°46.971′ N, 11°28.959′ E; PF57; 7 May 2017; JP 653; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123142 • ibid.; 4 Jun. 2018; JP 1126; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123648 • Nyord; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 829; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123323 • Ulvshale; 55°2.636′ N, 12°15.638′ E; UB20; 26 May 2018; JP 1109; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123627 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1309; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123844. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Gurre Vang; 56°1.470′ N, 12°29.486′ E; UC41; 14 Apr. 2017; H. Enghoff 267; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122746 • Haettingsholm; 55°49.260′ N, 12°13.967′ E; UB38; 21 Apr. 2018; L. Thomas 1118; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123638 • Nord for Frederikssund; 55°51.404′ N, 12°3.534′ E; UB17; 14 Dec. 2013; R. Aagaard Jensen 407; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122891 • Stampeskov ved Rådvad; 55°48.332′ N, 12°33.138′ E; UB48; 14 Apr. 2013; JP 780; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123275 • Vest for Trørød; 55°50.223′ N, 12°31.185′ E; UB49; 30 Mar. 2019; JP 1404; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123950. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 880; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123378 • Nordbredden af Skarresø; 55°39.469′ N, 11°23.147′ E; PG47; 18 Feb. 2017; JP 339; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122818. – Sydjylland (SJ) • Draved Skov; 55°0.964′ N, 8°58.395′ E; MF99; 1 Jun. 2013; JP 304; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122783 • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.235′ N, 12°6.280′ E; UA19; 14 Jan. 2012; JP 539; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123023 • Sølsted Mose; 55°1.829′ N, 8°50.351′ E; MF89; 2 Jun. 2013; JP 488; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122972. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Gammel Kalvehave; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 24 Mar. 2018; JP 1004; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123511 • ibid.; 27 Apr. 2018; JP 1082; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123600 • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.572′ N, 12°6.715′ E; UA19; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1278; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123808 • Storskov syd for Sparresholm; 55°13.234′ N, 11°57.463′ E; PG82; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1386; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123929. On Paranchus albipes (Fabricius, 1796) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Døndalens udløb; 55°13.656′ N, 14 53.078′ E; VB92; 24 Jun. 2018; JP 1143; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123666. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Kongens bøge, Gribskov; 56°0.755′ N, 12°22.033′ E; UC13; 20 Apr. 2018; L. Kjaer-Thomsen 1116; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123636. On Platynus assimilis (Paykull, 1790) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Døndal; 55°13.489′ N, 14 52.936′ E; VB92; 26 May 2017; L.K. Thomsen & L. Thomas 426; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122911 • Svartingedalen ved Baggeå; 55°11.740′ N, 14°45.260′ E; VB81; 23 Jun. 2018; JP 1157; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123682. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Keldskov; 54°40.114′ N, 11°33.363′ E; PF66; 15 Jun. 2012; H. Liljehult 44; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122519 • Krenkerup Haveskov; 54°46.408′ N, 11°39.955′ E; PF77; 5 May 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 895; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123393 • ibid.; 12 May 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 104; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122579 • ibid.; 25 May 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 909; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123407 • ibid.; 16 Jun. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 103; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122578 • Ulvshale; 55°2.636′ N, 12°15.638′ E; UB20; 26 May 2018; JP 1108; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123626. – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Engskoven i Tofte Skov; 56°51.525&, Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 153-160, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Peyritsch J. 1873. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Laboulbenien. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Classe, Abteilung 2 68 (1 - 5): 227 - 254.","Balazuc J. 1974 b. Laboulbeniales de France (suite). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 43 (2): 57 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1974.10104","Thaxter R. 1890. On some North American species of Laboulbeniaceae. 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Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow.","Haelewaters D., De Kesel A., Gorczak M., Bao K., Gort G., Zhao S. Y. & Pfister D. H. 2019 b. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) of the Boston Harbor Islands II (and other localities): Species parasitizing Carabidae, and the Laboulbenia flagellata species complex. NorthEastern Naturalist 25 (9): 110 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1656 / 045.025. s 906","Rostrup O. 1916. Bidrag til Danmarks Svampeflora. I. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 2 (5): 1 - 56.","Rostrup O. 1935. Bidrag til Danmarks Svampeflora. II. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 8 (8): 1 - 74.","De Kesel A. & Van Den Neucker T. 2005. Morphological variation in Laboulbenia flagellata (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales). Belgian Journal of Botany 138 (2): 165 - 172.","Rossi W. & Christian E. 2020. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Austria and neighbouring areas. Sydowia 72: 149 - 161."]}

Laboulbenia vulgaris Peyr. MB#237743 Fig. 45 Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Wien. Mathematischnaturwissenschaftliche Classe. Abteilung 1 68: 248 (Peyritsch 1873). – Type: [Not designated] [Ind. loc.] [Type lost?!] “Scheint in der Wiener Umgebung die gemeinste Art zu sein; ich fand sie auf Bembidium littorale Pz., B. fasciolatum Duft., B. punctulatum Drapiez, B. lunatum Duft., B. obsoletum Dej. und auf Deleaster dichrous Grav. ”. [Austria] Laboulbenia chilensis Speg. (Spegazzini 1910: 71) [MB#237513] Laboulbenia abyssalis Maire (Maire 1916a: 21) [MB#169522] Laboulbenia rauraciae Baumgartner (Baumgartner 1923: 264) [MB#276168] Laboulbenia mattiroloi S.Colla (Colla 1925: 258) [Not registered in MycoBank] Laboulbenia picardi Lepesme (Lepesme 1939: 150) [MB#486749] Laboulbenia villiersi Lepesme (Lepesme 1944: 67) [Not registered in MycoBank] Laboulbenia lepesmei Maire (Maire 1945: 40) [MB#287395] Laboulbenia hastiana Huldén (Huldén 1983: 55) [MB#108112] Diagnostic features Cell V obtriangular, half of the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage unbranched or once divided above the second or third cell, with the lower cells variably darkened and/or constricted at the septa. Inner appendage not exceeding the perithecial apex, usually consisting of two branchlets bearing few antheridia. Basal cell of inner appendage trapezoidal to wedge-shaped, much smaller than basal cell of outer appendage and typically enchased and underlying it (Fig. 45A, bc ia). [Detailed descriptions: Thaxter 1896; Sugiyama 1973; Balazuc 1974e; Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts Laboulbenia vulgaris is a very common species infecting species of Bembidion in a broad sense (Col. Carabidae Bembidiina) and Trechus (Col. Carabidae Trechiina), but also reported on many other carabids and even staphylinids on an endless and quite confusing list. Widespread, known even from the most remote and extreme places of the planet (as the Crozet Islands and the Himalaya, Lepesme 1947), although absent in Oceania. For an extensive list of countries see Santamaria et al. (1991) and Majewski (2008). Recently newly recorded from Croatia, Slovenia, and Slovakia (Haelewaters et al. 2019b). Collections examined from Denmark On Bembidion aeneum Germar, 1824 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Resle Skov; 54°56.359′ N, 11°43.437′ E; PF79; 25 Sep. 2006; H. Liljehult 1461; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124012. On Bembidion assimile Gyllenhal, 1810 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Nyord; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 835; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123330. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Eriksholm Skov; 55°41.771′ N, 11°47.912′ E; PG77; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 742; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123236 • Nord for Frederikssund; 55°51.404′ N, 12°3.534′ E; UB17; 14 Dec. 2013; R. Aagaard Jensen 408; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122892 • Nord for Risø; 55°42.184′ N, 12°6.692′ E; UB17; 14 Dec. 2013; R. Aagaard Jensen 626; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123115. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Syd for Stårup; 56°34.792′ N, 9°5.958′ E; NH07; 6 Feb. 2015; JP 217; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122698. – Sydjylland (SJ) • Sønderstrand på Rømø; 55°6.373′ N, 8°29.380′ E; MG60; 25 Oct. 2017; H. Liljehult 618; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123106. On Bembidion biguttatum (Fabricius, 1779) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1322; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123858. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Nordbredden af Skarresø; 55°39.469′ N, 11°23.147′ E; PG47; 18 Feb. 2017; JP 341; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122820. On Bembidion bruxellense Wesmaël, 1835 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Gedser Odde; 54°33.588′ N, 11°58.187′ E; PF95; 19 May 2000; H. Liljehult 273; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122752. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Bognaes Storskov; 55°41.242′ N, 12°1.678′ E; UB17; 1 Aug. 2013; JP 365; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122848. On Bembidion dentellum (Thunberg, 1787) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Rønne Plantage; 55°4.375′ N, 14 45.096′ E; VB80; 13 Jun. 1932; E. Suenson DrY0056; E. Suenson; ZMUC C-F-124122. On Bembidion femoratum Sturm, 1825 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Karlstrup Kalkbrud syd for Karlstrup; 55°32.863′ N, 12°12.385′ E; UB25; 28 May 2016; JP 227; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122708. On Bembidion guttula (Fabricius, 1792) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Tange å vest for Kjellerup; 56°17.959′ N, 9°23.462′ E; NH23; 17 Feb. 2018; JP 980; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123487. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Vest for Vinderup; 56°28.727′ N, 8°44.810′ E; MH85; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 777; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123272. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Gammel Kalvehave; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 24 Mar. 2018; JP 1007; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123514. On Bembidion lampros (Herbst, 1784) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Gentofte; 55°44.005′ N, 12°33.020′ E; UB48; 23 Sep. 2017; H. Enghoff 501; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122985. On Bembidion lunulatum (GeoffroY, 1785) (Col. CArABIdAe) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1323; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123860. On Bembidion mannerheimii Sahlberg, 1827 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Grejsdal syd for Hornstrup; 55°44.791′ N, 9°33.051′ E; NG37; 8 Mar. 2014; JP 746; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123240. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Krenkerup Haveskov; 54°46.408′ N, 11°39.955′ E; PF77; 5 May 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 894; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123392 • ibid.; 25 May 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 910; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123408 • ibid.; 16 Jun. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. MeYer 916; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123414 • ibid.; 8 Jul. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. MeYer 906; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123404 • ibid.; 16-24 Aug. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 913; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123411 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1324; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123861, C-F-123862. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Indelukket ved Frederiksborg Slot; 55°56.191′ N, 12°17.861′ E; UC30; 12 Apr. 2016; JP 20; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122493. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Vesterlyng; 55°44.195′ N, 11°17.276′ E; PG47; 9 Feb. 2014; JP 644; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123132. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.235′ N, 12°6.280′ E; UA19; 14 Jan. 2012; JP 546; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123030, C-F-123031. On Bembidion obtusum Audinet-Serville, 1821 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Nyord; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 836; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123331 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1319; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123855. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Vest for Trørød; 55°50.223′ N, 12°31.185′ E; UB49; 13 Nov. 2016; JP 140; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122617. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bjerge Sydstrand; 55°34.046′ N, 11°9.459′ E; PG35; 24 Oct. 2018; JP 1208; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123734 • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 874; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123370. On Bembidion stephensii Crotch, 1866 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Hjelm Kobbel; 54°54.863′ N, 12°14.918′ E; UA28; 28 Aug. 2019; JP 1505; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124092. On Bembidion tetracolum Say, 1823 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Grejsdal syd for Hornstrup; 55°44.791′ N, 9°33.051′ E; NG37; 8 Mar. 2014; JP 745; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123239. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Krenkerup Haveskov; 54°46.408′ N, 11°39.955′ E; PF77; 16 Jun. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 918; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123416 • Hobyskov; 54°44.069′ N, 11°15.296′ E; PF46; 7 Jan. 2018; JP 954; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123460. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Espergaerde; 56°0.591′ N, 12°33.074′ E; UC40; 24 May 2016; M.H. Post 357; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122839 • Naturcenter Amager; 55°36.862′ N, 12°34.575′ E; UB46; 13 Jun. 2011; C. Theilgaard 151; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122631 • Skodsborg Dam i Jaegersborg Hegn; 55°49.068′ N, 12°33.937′ E; UB48; 18 Nov. 2018; JP 1238; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123765. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Nordbredden af Skarresø; 55°39.425′ N, 11°22.998′ E; PG47; 1 May 2013; JP 857; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123352 • Nordøstbredden af Tissø; 55°35.612′ N, 11°18.461′ E; PG46; 1 May 2013; JP 758; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123252. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Even Bro; 55°8.694′ N, 12°0.601′ E; UB11; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1371; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123912 • Gammel Kalvehave; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 25 Apr. 2019; JP 1447; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123995 • Krobaek i Sjolte Skov; 55°10.772′ N, 12°0.863′ E; UB11; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1375; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123916. On Epaphius secalis (Paykull, 1790) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Bønderskoven i Tofte Skov; 56°49.955′ N, 10°14.981′ E; NH79; 8–22 Aug. 2013; I. Aggerholm 941; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123445 • Engskoven i Tofte Skov; 56°51.525′ N, 10°15.065′ E; NJ70; 8–22 Aug. 2013; I. Aggerholm 937; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123439. On Trechus obtusus Erichson, 1837 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Klostermølle; 56°2.432′ N, 9°41.629′ E; NH41; 16 May 2014; JP 313; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122792. – Fyn (F) • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2 Apr. 2014; JP 703; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123193 • Knudshoved Marina; 55°17.781′ N, 10°50.542′ E; PG12; 18 Oct. 2017; JP 587; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123074. – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Bønderskoven i Tofte Skov; 56°49.955′ N, 10°14.981′ E; NH79; 8–22 Aug. 2013; I. Aggerholm 927; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123427, C-F-123443 • Engskoven i Tofte Skov; 56°51.525′ N, 10°15.065′ E; NJ70; 8–22 Aug. 2013; I. Aggerholm 936; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123437 • Havgranerne i Tofte Skov; 56°50.576′ N, 10°15.552′ E; NJ70; 5–19 Sep. 2013; I. Aggerholm 925; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123424 • Knarmod i Tofte Skov; 56°51.824′ N, 10°15.470′ E; NJ70; 22 Aug.–5 Sep. 2013; I. Aggerholm 948; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123454 • Toftgården i Tofte Skov; 56°50.789′ N, 10°12.918′ E; NJ70; 22 Aug.–5 Sep. 2013; I. Aggerholm 945; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123450 • Vandplasken ved Kaersgård Strand; 57°31.199′ N, 9°53.070′ E; NJ57; 21 Nov. 2017; JP 803; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123298. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Kagsmose; 55°42.698′ N, 12°27.378′ E; UB47; 19 Sep. 2013; H. Liljehult 1397; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123941 • Syd for Veddelev; 55°40.346′ N, 12°4.915′ E; UB17; 14 Dec. 2013; R. Aagaard Jensen 334; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122812. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 879; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123376. On Trechus quadristriatus (Schrank, 1781) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Vest for Trørød; 55°50.223′ N, 12°31.185′ E; UB49; 13 Nov. 2016; JP 139; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122615. Remarks Laboulbenia vulgaris should be regarded as a collective species showing very variable characteristics (Lepesme 1947), like other species such as L. pedicellata and L. luxurians with which it often coexists on the same host individual. Accordingly, up to 13 infraspecific forms have been described, including ranks as forms, varieties, subspecies and even an aberration, difficult to recognize at the very least and lacking any taxonomical value. A good candidate for further molecular analysis (Haelewaters & De Kesel 2020). In the figures included, we show the wide range of variation in this species, even with some doubtful forms, such as those of Fig. 45F–G collected on Bembidion mannerheimii., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 209-213, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Peyritsch J. 1873. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Laboulbenien. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Classe, Abteilung 2 68 (1 - 5): 227 - 254.","Spegazzini C. 1910. Laboulbeniaceas nuevas chilenas. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 14: 71 - 72.","Maire R. 1916 a. Deuxieme contribution a l'etude des Laboulbeniales de l'Afrique du Nord. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 7 (1): 6 - 39.","Baumgartner R. 1923. Contribution a l'etude des Laboulbeniales de la Suisse. Jahrbuch Philosophische Fakultat Universitet Bern 3: 257 - 265.","Colla S. 1925. Contributo alla conoscenza dei Laboulbeniali piemontesi. Atti della Accademia delle Scienze di Torino 60: 250 - 269.","Lepesme P. 1939. Recoltes de R. Paulian et A. Villiers dans le haut Atlas marocain, 1938 (Cinq. note). Sur une Laboulbeniacee nouvelle, parasite de Bembidium andreae F. Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc 19: 150 - 154.","Lepesme P. 1944. Note sur quelques Laboulbeniacees de France. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France 49 (5): 67 - 68.","Maire R. 1945. Etudes mycologiques. Fasc. 5. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 36 (3): 24 - 42.","Hulden L. 1983. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Finland and adjacent parts of the U. S. S. R. Karstenia 23 (2): 31 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 1983.221","Thaxter R. 1896. Contribution towards a monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 12 (3): 187 - 429.","Sugiyama K. 1973. Species and genera of the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) in Japan. Ginkgoana 2: 1 - 97.","Balazuc J. 1974 e. Laboulbeniales de France (suite). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 43 (8): 295 - 315.","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Lepesme P. 1947. Laboulbeniacees parasites des Coleopteres. XIX. In: Jeannel R. et al. (eds) Croisiere du Bougainville aux iles australes francaises (2 e fasc.). Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle 20 (1): 111 - 120.","Santamaria S., Balazuc J. & Tavares I. I. 1991. Distribution of the European Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina). An annotated list of species. Treballs de l'Institut Botanic de Barcelona 14: 1 - 123.","Majewski T. 2008. Laboulbeniales. In: Chlebicki A. (ed.) Atlas of the Geographical Distribution of Fungi in Poland 4: 1 - 240. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow.","Haelewaters D., De Kesel A., Gorczak M., Bao K., Gort G., Zhao S. Y. & Pfister D. H. 2019 b. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) of the Boston Harbor Islands II (and other localities): Species parasitizing Carabidae, and the Laboulbenia flagellata species complex. NorthEastern Naturalist 25 (9): 110 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1656 / 045.025. s 906","Haelewaters D. & De Kesel A. 2020. Checklist of thallus - forming Laboulbeniomycetes from Belgium and the Netherlands, including Hesperomyces halyziae and Laboulbenia quarantenae spp. nov. MycoKeys 71: 23 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / mycokeys. 71.53421"]}

Laboulbenia lichtensteinii F.Picard MB#222216 Fig. 36C–D Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique 50: 449 (Picard 1917; as L. lichtensteini). – Type: [Type lost!] “ Sur le thorax, les élytres et les pattes de Cillenus lateralis Curt., … trouvés en juin 1915 à Roscof (Finistère) par M. Jean Lichtenstein ”. [France] Diagnostic features Cell V obtriangular, similar in size and shape to cell IV. Septum IV–V vertical, connected with septum III–IV. Insertion cell forming a black horizontal furrow. Appendages get damaged early, can only be seen to be well-organised in young thalli (Fig. 36D). Outer appendage consisting of 3–4 simple, short branches, arising from an irregular and almost flattened basal cell; basal and dorsal margins darkened. Inner appendage consisting of 1–2 simple branches, each bearing one solitary antheridium; basal cell minute. Perithecium ovoidal, with a broadly obtuse apex filled with joining irregular black spots [Detailed description: Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts Exclusive on the Col. Carabidae Cillenus lateralis (sometimes as Bembidion in old literature), a bizarre carabid stenotopic for sheltered, usually estuarine, mudflats with fine sand or gravel on the upper middle and upper shores. Typically found under stones or deposits of Ulva and Enteromorpha on or near the strandline, but can withstand considerable periods of immersion in saltwater. It feeds largely on talitrids. It is a suboceanic southern-temperate species found on coasts from southern Denmark and the British Isles south to the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa but not in the Eastern Mediterranean (Anderson & McFerran 2001). The fungus has been reported in France (type), Spain (Santamaria 1993b), United Kingdom (Weir 1996), and the Netherlands (Haelewaters et al. 2012). The record from Belgium by De Kesel (1998) is erroneous because the host was truly collected in the Netherlands according to De Kesel et al. (2020). Collections examined from Denmark On Cillenus lateralis Samouelle, 1819 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Fyn (F) • Sprogø; 55°20.012′ N, 10°58.263′ E; PG23; 7 Sep. 2013; JP 101; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122576. – Sydjylland (SJ) • Sønderstrand på Rømø; 55°6.373′ N, 8°29.380′ E; MG60; 14 Mar. 2020; JP 1615; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124364. Remarks First record from Denmark. Laboulbenia lichtensteinii is related to other species of the L. pedicellata - complex. The appendage is the more remarkable characteristic, similar to the appendage of L. egens (Santamaria 1998). It is a rare species that should only be sought where its particular host is found., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 172-173, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Picard F. 1917. Sur quelques Laboulbeniales d'Europe. Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique 50 (4): 440 - 460.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Anderson R. & McFerran D. 2001. [In] The Ground Beetles of Ireland. Available from http: // www. habitas. org. uk / groundbeetles / [accessed 29 Dec. 2020].","Santamaria S. 1993 b. Contribucion al conocimiento de los Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina) ibericos, III. Orsis 8: 21 - 31.","Haelewaters D., Nuytinck J. & De Kesel A. 2012. Laboulbeniales in Nederland: een introductie. Natuurhistorisch Maandblad. 101 (5): 88 - 93.","De Kesel A. 1998. Identificatie en gastheerspectrum van het genus Laboulbenia in Belgie (Ascomycetes, Laboulbeniales). Sterbeeckia 18: 13 - 31.","De Kesel A., Gerstmans C. & Haelewaters D. 2020. Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium. Sterbeeckia 36: 3 - 143."]}

Laboulbenia inflata Thaxt. MB#220293 Fig. 35A Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 27: 41 (Thaxter 1892). – Type: “ On Bradycellus rupestris Say, South Dakota (Aldrich)”; FH. [USA] Diagnostic features Dioecious. Male thallus consisting of seven superposed cells, with the three distal septa brown and constricted, and the apical cell functioning as an antheridium (Fig. 35A, arrow). Female thallus with a small, oval cell V, not connected with cell III, half as long or shorter as cell IV. Outer appendage unbranched, including an inflated basal cell supporting about four cells separated by black and constricted septa. Inner appendage consisting of 2–3 branches with lower cells similar to those of the outer appendage. [Detailed descriptions: Thaxter 1896; Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts Infects Col. Carabidae of the genus Acupalpus in a broad sense (including Stenolophus) and Bradycellus. Known from Europe: Germany, France, Italy, Poland, Spain, United Kingdom, Greece (Majewski 2008), Belgium (De Kesel 1998), Switzerland (Hoess & Senn-Irlet 2009), Denmark (Høier 2009), Sweden (Huggert 2010), the Netherlands (Haelewaters et al. 2014), Bulgaria (Rossi et al. 2019a), and Hungary (Rossi & Christian 2020); America: USA (Thaxter 1892), Brazil (Balazuc 1974c), and the Galapagos Archipelago (Arndt & Desender 2002). The record of L. acupalpi (now L. stenolophi) from South Korea should belong here (Majewski 2008). Collections examined from Denmark On Acupalpus dubius Schilsky, 1888 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Flyndersø ved Dybesø; 55°58.151′ N, 11°45.621′ E; PH60; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 715; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123207. – Sydjylland (SJ) • Lakolk; 55°8.325′ N, 8°29.618′ E; MG61; 21 May 2017; JP 422; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122907. On Acupalpus exiguus Dejean, 1829 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Nyord; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 833; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123327 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1313; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123848. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Lyngen ved Ølstykke; 55°47.738′ N, 12°10.253′ E; UB28; 15 May 2013; JP 864; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123360 • Nord for Risø; 55°42.184′ N, 12°6.692′ E; UB17; 14 Dec. 2013; R. Aagaard Jensen 630; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123119 • Ryegård Dyrehave; 55°40.500′ N, 11°50.851′ E; PG77; 2 Dec. 2014; JP 346; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122828 • Stampeskov ved Rådvad; 55°48.332′ N, 12°33.138′ E; UB48; 28 Feb. 2017; H. Liljehult 359; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122842. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Nord for Landting ved Vinderup; 56°30.049′ N, 8°45.384′ E; MH86; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 569; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123055 • Vest for Vinderup; 56°28.727′ N, 8°44.810′ E; MH85; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 775; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123270. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 882; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123380 • Flyndersø ved Dybesø; 55°58.151′ N, 11°45.621′ E; PH60; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 716; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123208 • Vesterlyng; 55°44.195′ N, 11°17.276′ E; PG47; 9 Feb. 2014; JP 637; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123126. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Denderup Sø i Denderup Vaenge; 55°15.075′ N, 11°57.366′ E; PG82; 5 May 2016; JP 492; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122976 • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.572′ N, 12°6.715′ E; UA19; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1281; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123812 • Tryggevaelde Å ved Varpelev; 55°21.055′ N, 12°15.877′ E; UB23; 6 Jan. 2018; JP 963; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123470. On Acupalpus flavicollis (Sturm, 1825) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Nyord; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 834; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123328 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1315; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123851. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Asserbo Plantage; 56°1.984′ N, 12°0.817′ E; UC11; 28 Apr. 2019; JP 1457; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124008 • Gentofte; 55°44.005′ N, 12°33.020′ E; UB47; 28 May 2018; A.A. Illum 1115; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123635 • Lyngen ved Ølstykke; 55°47.738′ N, 12°10.253′ E; UB28; 15 May 2013; JP 863; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123359 • Syd for Løjesø i Rude Skov; 55°49.866′ N, 12°28.551′ E; UB49; 12 Apr. 2018; JP 1028; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123539. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Eriksminde syd for Korshage; 55°57.744′ N, 11°46.504′ E; PH70; 27 Oct. 2019; JP 1536; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124295. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Krobaek i Sjolte Skov; 55°10.772′ N, 12°0.863′ E; UB11; 28 Feb. 2015; JP 447; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122932 • Tryggevaelde Å ved Varpelev; 55°21.055′ N, 12°15.877′ E; UB23; 6 Jan. 2018; JP 964; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123471. Remarks Santamaria (1996b) studied this species and suggested its dioecious nature arguing that diminutive thalli attached at the foot with thalli bearing perithecia were males, with the uppermost cell functioning as a simple, solitary, flask-shaped phialide. The presence of diminutive thalli paired to thalli bearing a perithecium but lacking antheridia was reported in other species of Laboulbenia, a few of which are found in Europe (Rossi & Santamaria 2008). Haelewaters et al. (2019b) cast doubts on this statement but De Kesel et al. (2020) accept the dioecy since their drawings highlight it., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 167-168, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Thaxter R. 1892. Further additions to the North American species of Laboulbeniaceae. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 27 (4): 29 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20020464","Thaxter R. 1896. Contribution towards a monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 12 (3): 187 - 429.","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Majewski T. 2008. Laboulbeniales. In: Chlebicki A. (ed.) Atlas of the Geographical Distribution of Fungi in Poland 4: 1 - 240. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow.","De Kesel A. 1998. Identificatie en gastheerspectrum van het genus Laboulbenia in Belgie (Ascomycetes, Laboulbeniales). Sterbeeckia 18: 13 - 31.","Hoess R. & Senn-Irlet B. 2009. Qualitative and quantitative infestation of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) by parasitic fungi (Ascomycetes: Laboulbeniales) in Switzerland. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 82 (1 - 2): 103 - 142.","Hoier J. 2009. Laboul-speciale. Heterocerus, NYhedsbrev for Danske Coleopterologer 19: 11 - 16.","Huggert L. 2010. Laboulbeniales i Sverige. Ove Eriksson (ed.). Umea University, Umea.","Rossi W., Gueorguiev B., Georgiev G. & Stoianova D. 2019 a. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Bulgaria and other countries. Plant Biosystems 153 (1): 48 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11263504.2018.1454531","Rossi W. & Christian E. 2020. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Austria and neighbouring areas. Sydowia 72: 149 - 161.","Balazuc J. 1974 c. Laboulbeniales de France (suite). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 43 (3): 73 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1974.10108","Arndt E. & Desender K. 2002. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) on Carabidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) from the Galapagos Archipelago. Belgian Journal of Zoology 132 (2): 155 - 164.","Santamaria S. 1996 b. Dioecism in two species of Laboulbenia (Fungi, Ascomycotina, Laboulbeniales). Nova Hedwigia 63 (1 - 2): 63 - 70.","Rossi W. & Santamaria S. 2008. Cesariella, a new genus of Laboulbeniales. Mycological Research 112 (8): 917 - 920. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. mycres. 2008.02.007","Haelewaters D., De Kesel A., Gorczak M., Bao K., Gort G., Zhao S. Y. & Pfister D. H. 2019 b. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) of the Boston Harbor Islands II (and other localities): Species parasitizing Carabidae, and the Laboulbenia flagellata species complex. NorthEastern Naturalist 25 (9): 110 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1656 / 045.025. s 906","De Kesel A., Gerstmans C. & Haelewaters D. 2020. Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium. Sterbeeckia 36: 3 - 143."]}

Laboulbenia stilicicola Speg. MB#242534 Fig. 44F–G Redia 10: 41 (Spegazzini 1914). – Type: “Abbondante sulle elitre di Stilicus fragilis raccolto a Lévico, G. Doria, X, 1884 (Coll. Mus. Civ. Genova, n. 71)”; LPS. [Italy] Laboulbenia atroseptata T.Majewski (Majewski 1990a: 45) [MB#128601] Diagnostic features Cell V obtriangular, minute, half or less of the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage unbranched, with the lower cells flattened, darkened, inflated, and separated with moderately thick, dark and constricted septa. Inner appendage consisting of a simple or once divided branch terminated by solitary or paired antheridia. Basal cell of inner appendage half as long and narrower than basal cell of outer appendage. [Detailed descriptions: Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts On Rugilus (= Stilicus Berthold, 1827) (Col. Staphylinidae Paederinae) from Europe: Finland, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom (Santamaria et al. 1991), Belgium (De Kesel & Haghebaert 1991), Greece (Castaldo et al. 2004), and Sweden (Huggert 2010); and from USA (Balazuc 1974e). Collections examined from Denmark On Rugilus rufipes (Germar, 1836) (Col. Staphylinidae Paederinae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Husum; 55°42.851′ N, 12°29.061′ E; UB47; 6 Oct. 2018; JP 1201; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123727. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Klinteskov ved Tissø; 55°34.569′ N, 11°18.882′ E; PG46; 24 Oct. 2018; JP 1214; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123740. Remarks First record from Denmark. A rather variable species by thallial length and perithecium width/length ratio, resulting in a slenderer to somewhat stocky species. In Fig. 44G (tr) a very elongate and branched trichogyne is illustrated., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 206-208, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Spegazzini C. 1914. Primo contributo alla conoscenza delle Laboulbeniali Italiane. Redia 10: 21 - 75, Tav. I - IX.","Majewski T. 1990 a. Rare and new Laboulbeniales from Poland. XI. Acta Mycologica 25 (1): 43 - 55. https: // doi. org / 10.5586 / am. 1989.002","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Santamaria S., Balazuc J. & Tavares I. I. 1991. Distribution of the European Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina). An annotated list of species. Treballs de l'Institut Botanic de Barcelona 14: 1 - 123.","De Kesel A. & Haghebaert G. 1991. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Belgian Staphylinidae (Coleoptera). Bulletin Annuel de la Societe Royale Belge d'Entomologie 127: 253 - 270.","Castaldo D., Rossi W. & Sabatini F. 2004. Contribution to the knowledge of the Laboulbeniales from Greece. Plant Biosystems 138 (3): 261 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11263500400006969","Huggert L. 2010. Laboulbeniales i Sverige. Ove Eriksson (ed.). Umea University, Umea.","Balazuc J. 1974 e. Laboulbeniales de France (suite). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 43 (8): 295 - 315."]}

Laboulbenia pygidicola Santam. sp. nov. MB#840605 Fig. 42 Diagnosis Thallus slender. Outer appendage elongated and dark at least in the basal portion. Inner appendage consisting of 2(–3) branches borne directly on the basal cell. Each of these branches once divided above first cell in three-celled appendages, where each terminal cell is an elongated antheridium (Fig. 42D–F, an). Perithecial apex obtuse, yet truncated, with a prominent dorsal lip. Etymology The species epithet refers to the “pygidium” (last abdominal segment of arthropods), where the fungus grows. Type material Holotype DENMARK – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; on Syntomus truncatellus (Linnaeus, 1761) (Col. Carabidae); 10 Dec. 2013; JP 886; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123384. Paratype DENMARK – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.235′ N, 12°6.280′ E; UA19; on S. truncatellus; 14 Jan. 2012; JP 541; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123025. Description Thallus brown, especially darker at the appendages and perithecial apex, paler around the basal portions of the thallus and distal outer appendage. Basal cell of the receptacle (I) slender, narrowly elongated, up to five times as long as broad, with ± parallel margins, hyaline even in darker thalli. Suprabasal cell of the receptacle (II) shorter, darker and broader than cell I, somewhat gradually broadened towards the distal end, up to 3–4 times as long as broad. Cell III slightly longer than broad, almost rectangular in section. Cell IV shorter than III. Cell V very small, situated at the upper-inner corner of cell IV and separated from it by an oblique, curved septum that does not reach septum III–IV (Fig. 42E). Insertion cell brown but neither opaque nor deeply darkened or blackened, instead similar in colour to, or paler than its surroundings. Outer appendage unbranched, consisting of up to 14 variably elongated cells, very long, as long as the length from foot to insertion cell; uniformly dark brown to gradually paler upwards. Inner appendage not exceeding the perithecial apex, consisting of a short basal cell about three times shorter than the outer but similar in width, giving rise to 2(–3) branches. Each of these branches includes a lowermost cell bearing two three-celled appendages, consisting of elongated and narrow cells where the terminal functions as an antheridium (Fig. 42D–F, an). Perithecial stalk cell (VI) rhomboidal, as long as broad, slightly shorter than adjacent cell III. Perithecium ovate-fusiform, broadest between tiers w 1 and w 2, gradually tapering into an indistinct neck and a truncate, flattened, slightly bent, darker apex, where preostiolar spots appear ± blurred. Length from foot to apex of perithecium 194–302 µm. Perithecium (including basal cells) 95–120 × 24–34 µm. Length from foot to tip of outer appendage (when undamaged) 419–489 µm. Thalli were found on the elytra of the hosts. The hosts were sifted from fresh flood debris on a coastal meadow and from old, mouldy and decomposed Phragmites piles on moist, sun-exposed ground. Remarks This species should be compared with L. metableti with which it coexists on the same host in the two samples studied. Both species may be distinguished by the cell arrangement of the inner appendage, by the elongation and slenderness of its receptacle and the outer appendage, and by the truncated perithecial apex of L. pygidicola sp. nov., among other characteristics. The status of this species could be compared with that of L. hyalopoda and L. notiophili. Laboulbenia notiophili and L. metableti have been found on many other parts of host bodies without undergoing important morphological changes, therefore L. hyalopoda and L. pygidicola sp. nov. seem to be good species instead of growth forms. Laboulbenia pygidicola sp. nov. seems extremely rare according to the large quantities of samples of infested Syntomus we have studied.

Laboulbenia murmanica Huldén MB#108114 Fig. 38A–D Karstenia 23: 57 (Huldén 1983). – Type: “ Holotype. Slide L. Huldén 4, Collecting data of the host: U.S.S.R. Murmansk Region: Konozero, leg. Edgren. Host. Bembidion transparens (Gebler) (Coleoptera, Carabidae). The parasite was found on the right elytron of the host”; MZH. [Russia] Diagnostic features Receptacle distinctly constricted at the septum between cell II and cells III/VI (Fig. 38A–C, arrows). Cell II inflated and broadest halfway up. Cell V oval, large, shorter than cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage simple to slightly branched, not exceeding the perithecial apex, with the basal cell separated from cells above by a moderately darkened septum. Inner appendage consisting of a few branches terminated by solitary antheridia (Fig. 38D). Basal cell of inner appendage shorter or similar than basal cell of outer appendage, which also has a darkened septum above. [Detailed description: Majewski 1994b] Distribution and hosts After its description from Russia, L. murmanica has been found on species of Bembidion (Col. Carabidae) from Poland (Majewski 1990b), United Kingdom (Weir 1996), Belgium (De Kesel 1998), Lithuania (Markovskaja 2004), and Denmark (Høier 2009). Collections examined from Denmark On Bembidion assimile Gyllenhal, 1810 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Lysemose ved Maribo; 54°46.971′ N, 11°28.959′ E; PF57; 7 May 2017; JP 656; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123145 • ibid.; 4 Jun. 2018; JP 1128; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123651 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1320; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123856. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Munkholmbroen; 55°67.361′ N, 11°80.738′ E; PG77; 4 May 2019; L. Kjaer-Thomsen & L. Thomas 1471; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124051 • Nivå Bugt Strandenge; 55°55.737′ N, 12°31.267′ E; UC40; 9 Dec. 2018; L. Kjaer-Thomsen & L. Thomas 1245; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123773 • Nordhavnstippen på Københavns Nordhavn; 55°43.091′ N, 12°37.088′ E; UB57; 29 Apr. 2018; JP 1092; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123609 • Ud for Kongelundsfortet; 55°33.724′ N, 12°33.731′ E; UB46; 15 Apr. 2018; JP 1056; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123573. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Vest for Vinderup; 56°28.727′ N, 8°44.810′ E; MH85; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 776; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123271. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Halleby Å ved Bjerge Sydstrand; 55°33.194′ N, 11°10.079′ E; PG35; 24 Oct. 2018; JP 1210; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123737. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Even Bro; 55°8.694′ N, 12°0.601′ E; UB11; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1368; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123908 • Gammel Kalvehave; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 25 Apr. 2019; JP 1448; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123997 • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.572′ N, 12°6.715′ E; UA19; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1286; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123818. On Bembidion biguttatum (Fabricius, 1779) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Tryggevaelde Å ved Varpelev; 55°21.055′ N, 12°15.877′ E; UB23; 6 Jan. 2018; JP 1588; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124349. On Bembidion doris (Panzer, 1796) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Lysemose ved Maribo; 54°46.971′ N, 11°28.959′ E; PF57; 4 Jun. 2018; H. Liljehult 1169; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123694. On Bembidion varium (Olivier, 1795) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Fyn (F) • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2 Apr. 2014; JP 709; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123199. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1321; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123857. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Vest for Vinderup; 56°28.727′ N, 8°44.810′ E; MH85; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 778; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123273. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Even Bro; 55°8.694′ N, 12°0.601′ E; UB11; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1369; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123910 • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.572′ N, 12°6.715′ E; UA19; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1289; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123821. Remarks This species seems very common in Denmark. May coexist on the same host with L. vulgaris or L. pedicellata., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 179-180, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Hulden L. 1983. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Finland and adjacent parts of the U. S. S. R. Karstenia 23 (2): 31 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 1983.221","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Majewski T. 1990 b. Rare and new Laboulbeniales from Poland. X. Acta Mycologica 23 (2): 97 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.5586 / am. 1987.017","De Kesel A. 1998. Identificatie en gastheerspectrum van het genus Laboulbenia in Belgie (Ascomycetes, Laboulbeniales). Sterbeeckia 18: 13 - 31.","Markovskaja S. 2004. Laboulbeniales in the Baltic Sea Area. Mikologiya i Fitopatologiya 38 (6): 37 - 44.","Hoier J. 2009. Laboul-speciale. Heterocerus, NYhedsbrev for Danske Coleopterologer 19: 11 - 16."]}

Laboulbenia parriaudii Balazuc ex Santam. MB#446188 Fig. 40A–B Flora Mycologica Iberica 4: 122 (Santamaria 1998). – Type: “Balazuc herbarium. Sur Bledius (Blediodes) arenarius (Paykull), France, Dept. Gironde: Gujan [No.68.14]”; PC. Laboulbenia parriaudii Balazuc (Balazuc 1974d: 257) (nom. inval.) [MB#316145] Diagnostic features Cell V trapezoidal, similar in size and shape to cell IV, connected with septum III–IV. Outer appendage simple or once branched, with the distal septum of the basal cell darkened and constricted (Fig. 40A–B, arrows). Inner appendage deteriorating with maturation of the thallus. Basal cell of inner appendage shorter than basal cell of outer appendage. [Detailed description: Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts Only known on Bledius (Col. Staphylinidae Oxytelinae) from France and Spain (Santamaria 1989). Collections examined from Denmark On Bledius fergussoni Joy, 1912 (Col. Staphylinidae Oxytelinae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Dueodde; 54°59.442′ N, 15°4.510′ E; WA09; 2 Jul. 2007; JP 67; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122543. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Busemarke Mose; 54°57.459′ N, 12°27.054′ E; UA39; 28 Aug. 2019; JP 1508; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124096. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Hornbaek Strand; 56°5.602′ N, 12°28.504′ E; UC41; Jun. 1898; F. de Tengnagel Dry0133; M. Hansen det.; ZMUC C-F-124200. Remarks First record from Denmark. Laboulbenia parriaudii is similar to L. pedicellata and L. luxurians. An accurate description of appendages is not yet available because they deteriorate with thalli ageing, and the required immature thalli have not yet been found. Therefore, antheridia are unknown and remain undescribed., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 189-190, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Balazuc J. 1974 d. Laboulbeniales de France (suite). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 43 (7): 253 - 262.","Santamaria S. 1989. El orden Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina) en la Peninsula Iberica e Islas Baleares. Edicions Especials de la Societat Catalana de Micologia 3: 1 - 396."]}

Laboulbenia egens Speg. MB#560228 Fig. 30A Anales de la Sociedad Científica Argentina 85 (3): 323 (Spegazzini 1918). – Type: “ Sobre las patas de pequeños Tachys ? indeterminados cazados debajo de macetas de flores en mi casa, Roma. Sept. 1913 ”; LPS. [Italy] Laboulbenia paupercula Speg. (Spegazzini 1915b: 59) [MB#219455] (nomen praeoccupum), nec L. paupercula Thaxt. (Thaxter 1891: 269) [MB#219368] Diagnostic features Cell I with a brownish shaded distal area, contrasting with the homogenously hyaline cell II. Septum IV–V vertical, ± straight, connected with septum III–IV. Cells IV and V similar in shape and size. Outer appendage not exceeding the perithecial apex, chiefly consisting of a crista-like structure formed by a few short branchlets arising from an isodiametric, trapezoidal, suprabasal cell (best seen in immature thalli). Basal cell of outer appendage protruding dorsally, showing a dark distal septum. Perithecium with a very convex ventral margin, with 1–3 swellings in its lower third. [Detailed descriptions: Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts Reported on Col. Carabidae Tachyina of the genera Elaphropus Motschulsky, 1839, Eotachys Jeannel, 1941, Paratachys Casey, 1918, Tachys, Tachyphanes Jeannel, 1946, Tachyta Kirby, 1837 and Tachyura Motschulsky, 1862, usually named Tachys in a broad sense. Exceptionally on Bembidion (Majewski 1994b; Haelewaters et al. 2019b). In Europe: Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, Spain (Santamaria et al. 1991), Belgium (De Kesel & Rammeloo 1992), United Kingdom (Weir 1996), Switzerland (Hoess & Senn-Irlet 2009); Africa: Algeria, Cameroon, Canary Islands, Egypt, Madagascar (Santamaria et al. 1991), Sierra Leone (Rossi & Leonardi 2018); America: Guadalupe (Santamaria et al. 1991), USA (Haelewaters et al. 2019b); and Asia: Bali Island, Israel, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Thailand (Santamaria et al. 1991), Turkey (Rossi 2016), and Cambodia (Try et al. 2017). Collections examined from Denmark On Elaphropus parvulus (Dejean, 1831) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Rødbyhavn; 54°39.569′ N, 11°21.958′ E; PF55; 7 May 2017; JP 400; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122883. Remarks First record from Denmark. The host species is rare in Denmark and only found at a few scattered localities.Out of the ca 100 examined individuals of the host only one infected specimen was found. The fungus should therefore be considered as very rare in Denmark. Laboulbenia egens is a well-distinguished species, although it has sometimes been confused by several authors with Laboulbenia tachyis Thaxt. in East Asian records (Sugiyama 1973, 1978a; Lee et al. 1982; Lee & Sugiyama 1984; Sugiyama & Phanichapol 1984; Sugiyama & Majewski 1985b). Laboulbenia tachyis may be quickly distinguished from L. egens by the oblique septum IV–V which is not connected with septum III–IV (Santamaria 1998). Majewski (1994b) mentioned the similarity of this species with L. pedicellata and even the existence of intermediate forms. Nevertheless, Laboulbenia egens is well-characterized by several features: (1) absence of preapical blackened spots on the perithecium, (2) conspicuous bulging protuberances in the lower third of the ventral side in perithecium, (3) cell II with parallel margins, (4) cell II distinctively hyaline relate to shaded cell I below, (5) diagonal blackened septum separating the basal and suprabasal cells of outer appendage; as well as other characters that separate it from L. pedicellata if we compare them with the analogous: (1) preapical blackened spots of perithecium present, (2) no protuberances or if any, they are much less evident and located at the middle height of perithecium, (3) cell II ± constricted, (4) cell II variably tinged with brown, (5) blackened septum above the basal cell of outer appendage which is horizontal or almost so., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on page 145, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Spegazzini C. 1918. Observaciones microbiologicas. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina 85 (3): 311 - 323.","Spegazzini C. 1915 b. Segunda contribucion al conocimiento de las Laboulbeniales italianas. Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires 27: 37 - 74.","Thaxter R. 1891. Supplementary note on North American Laboulbeniaceae. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 25 (19): 261 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20020441","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Haelewaters D., De Kesel A., Gorczak M., Bao K., Gort G., Zhao S. Y. & Pfister D. H. 2019 b. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) of the Boston Harbor Islands II (and other localities): Species parasitizing Carabidae, and the Laboulbenia flagellata species complex. NorthEastern Naturalist 25 (9): 110 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1656 / 045.025. s 906","Santamaria S., Balazuc J. & Tavares I. I. 1991. Distribution of the European Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina). An annotated list of species. Treballs de l'Institut Botanic de Barcelona 14: 1 - 123.","De Kesel A. & Rammeloo J. 1992. Checklist of the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Belgium. Belgian Journal of Botany 124 (2): 204 - 214.","Hoess R. & Senn-Irlet B. 2009. Qualitative and quantitative infestation of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) by parasitic fungi (Ascomycetes: Laboulbeniales) in Switzerland. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 82 (1 - 2): 103 - 142.","Rossi W. & Leonardi M. 2018. New species and new records of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Sierra Leone. Phytotaxa 358 (2): 91 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 358.2.1","Rossi W. 2016. Contribution to the knowledge of the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Turkey. Webbia 71 (2): 265 - 276. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00837792.2016.1222668","Try Y., Kong V. & Rossi W. 2017. First records of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Cambodia. Webbia 72 (2): 287 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00837792.2017.1359476","Sugiyama K. 1973. Species and genera of the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) in Japan. Ginkgoana 2: 1 - 97.","Sugiyama K. 1978 a. The Laboulbeniomycetes of eastern Asia. (2) On eight species from Japan and Formosa including two new species of Rickia. The Journal of Japanese Botany 53 (5): 154 - 160.","Lee Y. B., Lee C. I. & Lee J. Y. 1982. Studies on the Laboulbeniomycetes in Korea (II). Korean Journal of Mycology 10 (1): 1 - 6.","Lee Y. B. & Sugiyama K. 1984. Note on the Laboulbeniomycetes on Bali Island (Indonesia) I. Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan 25: 249 - 254.","Sugiyama K. & Phanichapol D. 1984. Laboulbeniomycetes (Ascomycotina) in Thailand, I. Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society 32 (1): 47 - 88.","Sugiyama K. & Majewski T. 1985 b. The Laboulbeniomycetes (Ascomycotina) of Peninsular Malaysia II. Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan 26: 449 - 462."]}

Laboulbenia metableti Scheloske MB#332780 Fig. 37E–I Parasitologische Schriftenreihe 19: 124 (Scheloske 1969). – Type: “Auf den Elytren sowie der Unterseite von Thorax und Abdomen von Metabletus (= Blechrus) foveatus und M. truncatellus, zwei kleinen, auf sandingen, trockenen Wiesen und Feldern lebenden Laufkäfern (Col. Carabidae), die ich bei Schwand/ Nürnberg und Erlangen erbeutete. Deutschland. Holotypus Abb. 29”. [Germany] Diagnostic features Cell V obtriangular, minute, usually paler than its surroundings, half or less of the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage unbranched, with the 4–5 lower cells (including the basal) slightly bulging, darkened towards the dorsal and upper margins. Inner appendage consisting of two branches directly arising from the basal cell; each branch with 5–6 superposed cells which, pointing towards the same side, bear each simple 2–3 celled branches terminated with elongated slender antheridia (Fig. 37H–I). Basal cell of inner appendage half the length of the outer. Cell VII typically protuberant under the perithecium (Fig. 37E–G, arrows). Distribution and hosts This species occurs on species of Syntomus (= Metabletus Schmidt-Goebel, 1846, = Blechrus Motschulsky, 1847) (Col. Carabidae) from Germany (type), Poland (Majewski 1972a), Italy (Rossi & Cesari Rossi 1976), Finland, Russia (Huldén 1983), France (Balazuc 1990), Belgium (De Kesel & Rammeloo 1992), and the Netherlands (Haelewaters & De Kesel 2020). Records referring of Laboulbenia notiophili Cépède & Picard or Laboulbenia casnoniae Thaxt. from Metabletus and Syntomus should be included here; this concerns records from Hungary (Bánhegyi 1950), Andorra (Balazuc et al. 1982), Spain (Santamaria 1989), United Kingdom (Weir 1996), Austria, Morocco (Rossi & Santamaria 2006), Switzerland (Hoess & Senn-Irlet 2009), and Sweden (Huggert 2010). Collections examined from Denmark On Syntomus foveatus (GeoffroY, 1785) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Fyn (F) • Bagenkop; 54°45.201′ N, 10°40.616′ E; PF06; 5 Oct. 2016; JP 147; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122626 • Knudshoved Marina; 55°17.781′ N, 10°50.542′ E; PG12; 18 Oct. 2017; JP 586; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123072. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Bøtø Plantage; 54°37.629′ N, 11°57.661′ E; PF95; 17 May 2017; JP 416; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122900 • Gedser Odde; 54°33.588′ N, 11°58.187′ E; PF95; 19 Jul. 2011; JP 152; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122632 • Krenkerup Haveskov; 54°46.408′ N, 11°39.955′ E; PF77; 29 Nov. 2014; JP 458; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122943 • Nykøbing; 54°46.279′ N, 11°52.845′ E; PF87; 17 May 2017; JP 410; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122894 • Ulvshale; 55°2.301′ N, 12°16.244′ E; UB20; 25 Sep. 2016; JP 144; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122622. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Nordøst for Bispebjerg Station; 55°42.508′ N, 12°32.786′ E; UB47; 18 Aug. 2016; JP 116; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122593. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Sandflugtsplantage ved Rørvig; 55°57.126′ N, 11°43.060′ E; PH60; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 712; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123202. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Gammel Kalvehave; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 24 Mar. 2018; JP 1006; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123513. On Syntomus truncatellus (Linnaeus, 1761) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Stenholtsvang; 55°57.439′ N, 12°21.204′ E; UC30; 28 Oct. 2017; JP 615; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123103. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 886; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123384 • Sonnerup Skov; 55°56.525′ N, 11°33.988′ E; PH60; 1 Apr. 2017; JP 259; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122739. Remarks First record from Denmark.After the review of Laboulbenia casnoniae Thaxt. (Rossi & Santamaria 2006), L. metableti was included among the synonyms of L. notiophili. Reported as a separate species by De Kesel & Rammeloo (1992), it was later neglected, being included within the scope of L. casnoniae or L. notiophili even though in most references it was mentioned as a peculiar, perhaps separate species. De Kesel et al. (2020) reinstated L. metableti as a separate species. We agree with this judgement after the study of the abundant material from Denmark. Certainly, it is well-characterized by several features as the arrangement of the appendage system, especially by the inner appendage (Fig. 37H–I), which matches that described and illustrated by De Kesel et al. (2020). Even at the low magnification of a dissecting microscope the species stands out because of the characteristic way the inner set of appendages appears to wrap the perithecia (Fig. 37F)., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 178-179, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Scheloske H. W. 1969. Beitrage zur Biologie, Okologie und Systematik der Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) unter besonderer Berucksichtigung des Parasit-Wirt-Verhaltnisses. Parasitologische Schriftenreihe 19: 1 - 176.","Majewski T. 1972 a. Rare and new Laboulbeniales from Poland. Acta Mycologica 7 (2): 269 - 277. https: // doi. org / 10.5586 / am. 1971.020","Rossi W. & Cesari Rossi M. G. 1976. Contributo alla conoscenza delle Laboulbeniali (Ascomycetes) parassite di Carabidi italiani (Insecta, Coleoptera). Giornale Botanico Italiano 110 (1 - 2): 145 - 153. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11263507609426566","Hulden L. 1983. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Finland and adjacent parts of the U. S. S. R. Karstenia 23 (2): 31 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 1983.221","Balazuc J. 1990. Catalogue actuel des Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes parasites) de la France metropolitaine. L'Entomologiste 46 (5): 219 - 232.","De Kesel A. & Rammeloo J. 1992. Checklist of the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Belgium. Belgian Journal of Botany 124 (2): 204 - 214.","Haelewaters D. & De Kesel A. 2020. Checklist of thallus - forming Laboulbeniomycetes from Belgium and the Netherlands, including Hesperomyces halyziae and Laboulbenia quarantenae spp. nov. MycoKeys 71: 23 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / mycokeys. 71.53421","Banhegyi J. 1950. Ritka Laboulbeniak a Karpatmedencebol. Annales biologicae Universitatis Budapestinensis 1 (1): 189 - 196.","Balazuc J., Espadaler X. & Girbal J. 1982. Laboulbenials (Ascomicets) iberiques. Collectanea botanica 13 (2): 403 - 421.","Santamaria S. 1989. El orden Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina) en la Peninsula Iberica e Islas Baleares. Edicions Especials de la Societat Catalana de Micologia 3: 1 - 396.","Rossi W. & Santamaria S. 2006. Laboulbenia casnoniae (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales) and allied species. Nova Hedwigia 82 (1 - 2): 189 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / 0029 - 5035 / 2006 / 0082 - 0189","Hoess R. & Senn-Irlet B. 2009. Qualitative and quantitative infestation of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) by parasitic fungi (Ascomycetes: Laboulbeniales) in Switzerland. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 82 (1 - 2): 103 - 142.","Huggert L. 2010. Laboulbeniales i Sverige. Ove Eriksson (ed.). Umea University, Umea.","De Kesel A., Gerstmans C. & Haelewaters D. 2020. Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium. Sterbeeckia 36: 3 - 143."]}

Laboulbenia gyrinicola Speg. MB#190613 Fig. 33C–D Redia 10: 34 (Spegazzini 1914). – Type: [Not designated] [Ind. loc.] “Comune specialmente sul margine delle elitre di Gyrinus natator, a Sturla presso Genova, Dodero (Coll. Mus. Civ. Genova, n. 95) e nei fossati dei dintorni di Conegliano, Veneto, sett., ott. e nov. 1912 -13”; LPS. [Italy] Diagnostic features Thallus almost entirely darkened, nearly opaque, except for the somewhat hyaline appendages, lower receptacle and perithecial apex. Cell V obtriangular, large, more than half of the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Insertion cell absent, replaced by several rounded small cells giving rise to many crowded branchlets consisting of small, inflated cells, separated by dark and constricted septa. Perithecial apex bearing two horn-like outgrowths, one of them erect and hooked, the other with an arcuate and blunt apex (Fig. 33D). [Detailed descriptions: Balazuc 1971b; Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998; De Kesel & Werbrouck 2008] Distribution and hosts Occurs on Col. Gyrinidae of the genus Gyrinus and, less often, on Aulonogyrus Motschulsky, 1853 (Balazuc 1990) and Orectochilus Dejean, 1833 (Majewski 1994b). Reported from Europe: Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Russia, former Yugoslavia (Santamaria et al. 1991), Greece (Castaldo et al. 2004), the Netherlands (Haelewaters et al. 2012), Bulgaria (Rossi et al. 2019a), and Austria (Rossi & Christian 2020); from Northern Africa (Algeria, Morocco; Maire 1916a); and from Asia (Yemen; Rossi et al. 2019a). The record from Japan (Ishikawa 1952) needs confirmation. Records from USA and Argentina included by Majewski (2008) give the impression of a misidentification of L. gyrinidarum Thaxt. Collections examined from Denmark On Gyrinus caspius Ménétriés, 1832 (Col. Gyrinidae) DENMARK – Vestjylland (WJ) • Esbjerg; 55°29.375′ N, 8°26.363′ E; MG64; 26 May 1919; V. Hansen Dry0154; V. Hansen det.; ZMUC C-F-124220 • Tipperne; 55°52.452′ N, 8°14.261′ E; MG59; 3 Oct. 1974; E. Rald Dry0155; E. Rald det.; ZMUC C-F-124221 On Gyrinus distinctus Aubé, 1838 (Col. Gyrinidae) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Borresø; 56°7.587′ N, 9°36.759′ E; NH32; 6 Sep. 1935; V. Hansen DrY0156; V. Hansen det.; ZMUC C-F-124222. – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Boelstrøm, Laesø; 57°17.480′ N, 11°4.936′ E; PJ25; 27 Jul. 1967; Jacobsen Dry0157; M. Holmen det.; ZMUC C-F-124223. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Ellemosen ved Tisvilde; 56°1.538′ N, 12°6.225′ E; UC11; 1 Sep. 1968; O. Lomholt Dry0158; O. Lomholt det.; ZMUC C-F-124224. – Vestjylland (WJ) • Nymindegab; 55°48.831′ N, 8°11.439′ E; MG48; 14 Jun. 1977; V. Mahler Dry0159; V. Mahler det.; ZMUC C-F-124225. On Gyrinus marinus Gyllenhal, 1808 (Col. Gyrinidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Gråmyr ved Gudhjem; 55°12.613′ N, 14°57.843′ E; VB91; 24 Jun. 2018; JP 1142; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123665. – Østjylland (EJ) • Hald Sø; 56°22.778′ N, 9°21.101′ E; NH24; 16 May 1942; P. Johnsen DrY0161; P. Johnsen det.; ZMUC C-F-124227. – Sydjylland (SJ) • Lakolk; 55°8.325′ N, 8°29.618′ E; MG61; 31 May 2013; JP 106; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122581, C-F-122582. – Vestjylland (WJ) • Birkild; 56°26.196′ N, 8°29.010′ E; MH65; 4 May 2014; O. Mehl DrY0160; O. Mehl det.; ZMUC C-F-124226. On Gyrinus paykulli Ochs, 1927 (Col. Gyrinidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Ellemosen ved Tisvilde; 56°1.538′ N, 12°6.225′ E; UC11; 1 Sep. 1968; O. Lomholt DrY0164; O. Lomholt det.; ZMUC C-F-124230 • Jystrup, Hvidsø; 55°31.338′ N, 11°51.834′ E; PG85; 31 May 2018; M. Holmen 1393; M. Holmen det.; ZMUC C-F-123936 • Nordhavnstippen på Københavns Nordhavn; 55°43.091′ N, 12°37.088′ E; UB57; 29 Apr. 2018; JP 1095; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123612. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Herlufsholm; 55°14.687′ N, 11°45.015′ E; PG72; 2 Aug. 1932; V. Hansen DrY0162; V. Hansen det.; ZMUC C-F-124228. – Vestjylland (WJ) • Nymindegab; 55°48.831′ N, 8°11.439′ E; MG48; 14 Jun. 1977; V. Mahler DrY0163; V. Mahler det.; ZMUC C-F-124229. On Gyrinus substriatus Stephens, 1828 (Col. Gyrinidae) DENMARK – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Saeby Å; 57°20.379′ N, 10°29.867′ E; NJ95; Sep. 1883; J.P. Johansen DrY0165; J.P. Johansen det.; ZMUC C-F-124231. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Esrum Å; 56°3.317′ N, 12°22.381′ E; UC31; 2 Aug. 2018; M. Holmen 1174; M. Holmen det.; ZMUC C-F-123698 • Stasevang; 55°53.993′ N, 12°27.441′ E; UB49; 10 Aug. 1956; Johs. Petersen DrY0166; Johs. Petersen det.; ZMUC C-F-124232. On Gyrinus suffriani Scriba, 1855 (Col. Gyrinidae) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Skaerså ved Ry; 56°4.566′ N, 9°46.273′ E; NH41; 15 May 1947; K.O. Leth DrY0167; K.O. Leth; ZMUC C-F-124233. Remarks First record from Denmark. Laboulbenia gyrinicola should be carefully compared with Laboulbenia gyrinidarum Thaxt., an American species, and especially with Laboulbenia fennica Huldén, the other European species which occurs on Gyrinidae, and with which it sometimes coexists. Laboulbenia gyrinicola and L. fennica may be well-distinguished only because the latter has short and rudimentary perithecial projections. Other characteristics mentioned in the literature for L. fennica are: cell III is longer than IV, and septa III–IV and VI–VII are located almost at the same level. All these characters appear to be very variable, as well as the shape of perithecial projections. Further studies using integrative taxonomy are needed to warrant the distinctiveness of L. fennica. In relation to this it is worth to mention that L. fennica has not been found in Denmark despite the significant quantity of samples reviewed. On Col. Gyrinidae we know 34 species of Laboulbenia, viz.: L. afrogyri Balazuc (Balazuc 1975b, on Aulonogyrus from Africa), L. anomala Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Orectogyrus Régimbart, 1884 from Africa), L. aquatica Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Gyretes ? Brullé, 1835 from South America), L. bicornis Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Dineutes Macleay, 1825 from Africa and near east Asia), L. birmanica Speg. (Spegazzini 1915a, on Orectochilus from Burma), L. borealis Speg. (Spegazzini 1915a, and its synonym L. chaetophora Thaxt. – Thaxter 1905 –, on Gyrinus and Dineutes from Asia, North America and Madagascar), L. coarctata Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Orectochilus from India), L. constricta Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Orectogyrus from Africa), L. crassipes Speg. (Spegazzini 1915a, on Orectochilus from Burma and India), L. cubensis Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Dineutes from USA, Mexico and Cuba), L. dactylophora Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Orectogyrus from Africa), L. denticulata Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Dineutes from Australia), L. desgodii Speg. (Spegazzini 1915a, on Orectogyrus from Africa), L. dineutis Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Dineutes from Asia, Papua New Guinea and Africa), L. drepanalis Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Gyretes from Panama and USA), L. fallax Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Gyretes from America), L. fennica Huldén (Huldén 1983, on Gyrinus from Europe), L. franciscoloi W.Rossi (Rossi 1986, on Dineutus from Sierra Leone), L. funeralis Thaxt. (Thaxter 1912a, on several genera of Gyrinidae from America), L. guerinii C.P.Robin (Robin 1853, on Gyretes from America), L. gyrinicola, L. gyrinidarum Thaxt. (Thaxter 1892, on Gyrinus from America), L. heterocheila Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Dineutes and Macrogyrus Straneo, 1939 from Indonesia), L. leathsi Speg. (Spegazzini 1912, on Gyrinus from Chile), L. leptopus Speg. (Spegazzini 1917, on Gyrinidae from South America), L. oberthuri Thaxt. (Thaxter 1895, on Orectogyrus from Madagascar), L. orechtochili Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Orechtochilus from Asia), L. orechtochilicola Speg. (Spegazzini 1915a, on Orechtochilus from Burma), L. pachystoma Speg. (Spegazzini 1917, on Gyretes from South America), L. rotundata Thaxt. (Thaxter 1905, on Dineutes from Indonesia), L. satanas Balazuc (Balazuc 1973c, on Orechtochilus from Philippines), L. songhaiensis W.Rossi (Rossi 1986, on Aulonogyrus from Sierra Leone), L. strangulata Thaxt. (Thaxter 1899, on Orechtochilus from Asia), and L. valida Speg. (Spegazzini 1915a, on Orechtochilus from Celebes)., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 161-162, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Spegazzini C. 1914. Primo contributo alla conoscenza delle Laboulbeniali Italiane. Redia 10: 21 - 75, Tav. I - IX.","Balazuc J. 1971 b. Notes sur les Laboulbeniales. II. - Laboulbenia parasites des Gyrinus (plus particulierement europeens et nord-africains). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 40 (6): 160 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1971.9925","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","De Kesel A. & Werbrouck T. 2008. Belgian records of Laboulbeniales from aquatic insects. Sterbeeckia 28: 48 - 54.","Balazuc J. 1990. Catalogue actuel des Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes parasites) de la France metropolitaine. L'Entomologiste 46 (5): 219 - 232.","Santamaria S., Balazuc J. & Tavares I. I. 1991. Distribution of the European Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina). An annotated list of species. Treballs de l'Institut Botanic de Barcelona 14: 1 - 123.","Castaldo D., Rossi W. & Sabatini F. 2004. Contribution to the knowledge of the Laboulbeniales from Greece. Plant Biosystems 138 (3): 261 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11263500400006969","Haelewaters D., Nuytinck J. & De Kesel A. 2012. Laboulbeniales in Nederland: een introductie. Natuurhistorisch Maandblad. 101 (5): 88 - 93.","Rossi W., Gueorguiev B., Georgiev G. & Stoianova D. 2019 a. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Bulgaria and other countries. Plant Biosystems 153 (1): 48 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11263504.2018.1454531","Rossi W. & Christian E. 2020. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Austria and neighbouring areas. Sydowia 72: 149 - 161.","Maire R. 1916 a. Deuxieme contribution a l'etude des Laboulbeniales de l'Afrique du Nord. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 7 (1): 6 - 39.","Ishikawa M. 1952. Rabuurubeniya-kou. Sin-Konchu 5 (10): 2 - 7.","Majewski T. 2008. Laboulbeniales. In: Chlebicki A. (ed.) Atlas of the Geographical Distribution of Fungi in Poland 4: 1 - 240. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow.","Balazuc J. 1975 b. Laboulbeniales nouvelles (Ascomycetes), parasites de Coleopteres exotiques. Bulletin du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, Ser. 3, Botanique 22 (325): 177 - 200.","Thaxter R. 1899. Preliminary diagnoses of new species of Laboulbeniaceae. I. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 35 (9): 151 - 209. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 25129915","Spegazzini C. 1915 a. Laboulbeniali ritrovate nelle collezioni di alcuni musei italiani. Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires 26: 451 - 511.","Thaxter R. 1905. Preliminary diagnoses of new species of Laboulbeniaceae. VI. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 41 (14): 301 - 318. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20022067","Hulden L. 1983. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Finland and adjacent parts of the U. S. S. R. Karstenia 23 (2): 31 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 1983.221","Rossi W. 1986. Su alcune specie di Laboulbenia nuove o interessanti della Sierra Leone. Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Quaderno 260: 77 - 96, Tav. I - III.","Thaxter R. 1912 a. New or critical Laboulbeniales from the Argentine. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 48 (7): 153 - 223. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20022824","Robin C. P. 1853. Histoire Naturelle des Vegetaux Parasites qui Croissent sur l'Homme et sur les Animaux Vivants. J. B. Bailliere, Paris. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59045","Thaxter R. 1892. Further additions to the North American species of Laboulbeniaceae. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 27 (4): 29 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20020464","Spegazzini C. 1912. Contribucion al estudio de las Laboulbeniomicetas argentinas. Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires 23: 167 - 244.","Spegazzini C. 1917. Revision de las Laboulbeniales argentinas. Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires 29: 445 - 688.","Thaxter R. 1895. Notes on Laboulbeniaceae, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 30 (20): 467 - 481. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20020600","Balazuc J. 1973 c. Recherches sur les Laboulbeniomycetes. I. Trois especes nouvelles et une mal connue. Revue de Mycologie 37 (5): 253 - 262."]}

Laboulbenia picardii Maire MB#148121 Fig. 41C–D Bulletin de la Société d’Histoire Naturelle de l’Afrique du Nord 7: 28 (Maire 1916a). – Type: [Type lost?!] “ Sur les élytres de Tachys bisulcatus Nic.: Larache (Maroc), marais de Bou-Charren, 4/5 1910 (P. de Peyerimhoff)”. Diagnostic features Cell II up to eight times as long as broad, showing a corrugated surface (Fig. 41D). Cell V oval, half of the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage unbranched, straight. Inner appendage consisting of two short branches borne from the basal cell and each giving rise to a solitary lateral antheridium. [Detailed description: Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts This species seems exclusive on carabids of the genus Porotachys (often as Tachys) and allied genera of the subtribe Tachyina; from Morocco (type), Greece (Balazuc 1974e), Italy (Rossi 1975), Lebanon (Huldén 1985), and Spain (Santamaria 1989). The record from Japan on Macrotachys Kult, 1961 (Terada 1998a) was unexpected. Collections examined from Denmark On Porotachys bisulcatus (Nicolai, 1822) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Stensø ved Nakskov; 54°49.465′ N, 11°7.254′ E; PF37; 7 Jan. 2018; JP 950; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123456. Remarks First record from Denmark. Although the Danish material consists of only one immature thallus, its classification leave no doubt because of the unique characters of cell II (see the corrugation of its margins in Fig. 41D) and outer appendage., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 195-196, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Maire R. 1916 a. Deuxieme contribution a l'etude des Laboulbeniales de l'Afrique du Nord. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 7 (1): 6 - 39.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Balazuc J. 1974 e. Laboulbeniales de France (suite). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 43 (8): 295 - 315.","Rossi W. 1975. Su alcune Laboulbeniali (Ascomycetes) nuove per l'Italia. Giornale Botanico Italiano 109 (1 - 2): 71 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11263507509426380","Hulden L. 1985. Floristic notes on Palaearctic Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes). Karstenia 25: 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 1985.231","Santamaria S. 1989. El orden Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina) en la Peninsula Iberica e Islas Baleares. Edicions Especials de la Societat Catalana de Micologia 3: 1 - 396.","Terada K. 1998 a. New records of the carabidicolous Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Japan. Mycoscience 39 (1): 77 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02461582"]}

Laboulbenia kajanensis Huldén MB#108113 Fig. 35B–C Karstenia 23: 56 (Huldén 1983). – Type: “ Holotype. Slide L. Huldén 3, Collecting data of the host: Finland. Ok: Paltamo, 23.V.1949, leg. Hellman. Host. Pterostichus diligens (Sturm) (Coleoptera, Carabidae). The parasite was found on the left side of the prothorax”; MZH. Diagnostic features Cell V very narrow, shorter than cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage unbranched. Inner appendage slender and shorter than the outer, consisting of a small basal cell giving rise to 3–4 branchlets terminated with antheridia or to a single sterile branch in old thalli. Usually, the appendages appear bent in relation to the perithecial axis. Perithecium with dorsal margin straight in contrast to curved ventral margin. [Detailed description: Majewski 1994b] Distribution and hosts Only known from Finland, Poland (Majewski 1994b), and Belgium (De Kesel et al. 2020) on Pterostichus (Argutor) diligens and P. (A.) strenuus (Panzer) (Col. Carabidae). Thalli grow on the ventral side of the left margin of prothorax. Collections examined from Denmark On Pterostichus diligens (Sturm, 1824) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Tokkekøb Hegn; 55°52.334′ N, 12°22.229′ E; UB39; 6 May 2013; JP 329; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122807. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Syd for Stårup; 56°34.792′ N, 9°5.958′ E; NH07; 6 Feb. 2015; JP 216; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122697. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 876; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123372. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Holmegårds Mose; 55°17.685′ N, 11°47.928′ E; PG73; 31 Mar. 2019; JP 1421; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123967. Remarks First record from Denmark. A photo of this species is given here for the first time. This species seems to be restricted to grow on the left prosternum of its hosts. In this regard as well as in the peculiar positioning of appendages, this species resembles L. contorta Thaxt. (Santamaria 1998) and L. chionophila Santam. (Santamaria et al. 2020a)., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on page 170, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Hulden L. 1983. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Finland and adjacent parts of the U. S. S. R. Karstenia 23 (2): 31 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 1983.221","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","De Kesel A., Gerstmans C. & Haelewaters D. 2020. Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium. Sterbeeckia 36: 3 - 143.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Santamaria S., David Cuesta-Segura A. & Guardia L. 2020 a. New and remarkable species of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Spain. Nova Hedwigia 110 (3 - 4): 347 - 367. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / nova _ hedwigia / 2020 / 0577"]}

Laboulbenia manubriolata Thaxt. MB#190687 Figs 37A–B, 105A Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 51: 44 (Thaxter 1915). – Type: “On various parts of a small Carabid allied to Tachys. No. 2081d (Type) on elytra. Samarang. Java ”; FH. Diagnostic features Cell II and upper part of cell I tuberculate (Fig. 37A). Cell V obtriangular, twice as long as cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage unbranched, with the basal cell forming a distinctive blunt outgrowth on its outer margin (Fig. 37A–B, arrows). Inner appendage consisting of 2–3 once divided branches arising directly from the basal cell and terminated by solitary antheridia which in overmature thalli degenerate to develop sterile, variably elongated branches. [Detailed descriptions: Santamaria 1998; Majewski 2006] Distribution and hosts On Perigona nigriceps (Col. Carabidae) (sometimes as Tachys in old literature), an invasive ground beetle introduced by timber trade in Europe: Finland (Huldén 1983), Portugal (Santamaria 1998), United Kingdom (Weir 1996), and Poland (Majewski 2006); Asia: Sri Lanka, Indonesia (Thaxter 1915), China (Rossi 1982b), Korea (Lee 1986), Japan (Terada 2000), Taiwan (Terada et al. 2004), Thailand (Rossi & Bernardi 2018), and Cambodia (Kong et al. 2020). Collections examined from Denmark On Perigona nigriceps (Dejean, 1831) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Kjellerup; 56°17.644′ N, 9°25.850′ E; NH23; 18 Nov. 2017; JP 824; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123318. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Naerum; 55°48.616′ N, 12°32.706′ E; UB48; 13 Nov. 2016; JP 127; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122604 • ibid.; 23 Mar. 2017; JP 238; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122718. Remarks First record from Denmark., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on page 176, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Thaxter R. 1915. New Indo-Malayan Laboulbeniales. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 51 (1): 3 - 51. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20025560","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Majewski T. 2006. Some additional Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) new to Poland. Acta Mycologica 41 (1): 65 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.5586 / am. 2006.010","Hulden L. 1983. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Finland and adjacent parts of the U. S. S. R. Karstenia 23 (2): 31 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 1983.221","Rossi W. 1982 b. New or interesting Laboulbeniales from China. Mycologia 74 (6): 1023 - 1026. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00275514.1982.12021623","Lee Y. B. 1986. Taxonomy and geographical distribution of the Laboulbeniales in Asia. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 16 (2): 89 - 185. https: // doi. org / 10.11110 / kjpt. 1986.16.2.089","Terada K. 2000. New records of the carabidicolous Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Japan (II). Mycoscience 41 (1): 39 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02464384","Terada K., Hsu M. H. & Wu W. J. 2004. Notes on the carabidicolous Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Taiwan I. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica 45 (1): 87 - 94.","Rossi W. & Bernardi M. 2018. New species and new records of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Thailand. Mycosphere 9 (6): 1151 - 1172. https: // doi. org / 10.5943 / mycosphere / 9 / 6 / 6","Kong P., Try Y. & Rossi W. 2020. New species and new records of Laboulbenia (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales) from Cambodia. Phytotaxa 474 (2): 119 - 131. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 474.2.2"]}

Laboulbenia stenolophi Speg. MB#242700 Fig. 44A–E Redia 10: 65 (Spegazzini 1914). – Type: “Abbastanza raro e scarso sulle elitre dello Stenolophus teutonus nei dintorni di Conegliano, settembre ed ottobre 1912 ”; LPS. [Italy] Laboulbenia acupalpi Speg. (Spegazzini 1915a: 458) [MB#159040] syn. nov. Diagnostic features Thallus pale brownish-yellow. Septum IV–V oblique, strongly curved, not connected with septum III–IV. Cell IV protruding at the outer margin. Cell V distant from cell VII. Cell VI shorter than cell III. Outer appendage straight, without dark septa, once or barely branched from the basal or suprabasal cells. Basal cell of inner appendage small, half as long than basal cell of outer appendage, usually supporting two short branches terminated by a few to numerous antheridia, rarely with long sterile appendages. Perithecium typically with a ventral prominence formed by the junction of outer wall cell tiers w 1 and w 2 (Fig. 44A, C, arrows). [Detailed descriptions: Terada 1976; Lee & Sugiyama 1984; Terada 2001] Distribution and hosts Laboulbenia acupalpi has been reported on species of the genus Acupalpus (Col. Carabidae) in France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Spain, United Kingdom (Majewski 2008), Switzerland (Hoess & Senn-Irlet 2009, on Stenolophus), Algeria (Santamaria et al. 1991), Argentina (Spegazzini 1917), Japan (Sugiyama 1978b), Korea (Kang et al. 1983), and China (Lee & Lim 2000, on Stenolophus and Abacetus Dejean, 1828). Majewski (2008) also reports it on Stenolophus from Poland. Laboulbenia stenolophi occurs on Stenolophus (Col. Carabidae) from Italy (type), France (Spegazzini 1915a), Tunisia (Maire 1916a), Hungary (Bánhegyi 1944), Germany (Scheloske 1969), Taiwan (Terada 1976), Indonesia (Lee & Sugiyama 1984), Japan (Terada 2001), China (Shen & Ye 2006), and Poland (Majewski 2008). Also recorded on Acupalpus from Ukraine and Poland (Majewski 2008). Probably also on Chlaeminus Motschulsky, 1865 and Abacetus (Col. Carabidae) from Malaysia (Terada 2001, by emendation of previous records of L. anoplogenii by Sugiyama & Majewski 1985b). Records on other hosts are doubtful or require verification like those on Bembidion from India (Kaur et al. 1993), on Philonthus (Col. Staphylinidae) from Korea (Lee & Na 1998), and on Sphodrus Clairville, 1806 from Poland (Majewski 2008). Some records of L. anoplogenii on Stenolophus or Stenolophini may be considered L. stenolophi. This concerns those from USA (Thaxter 1908), Switzerland (Baumgartner 1923), Madagascar, Iran, France (Balazuc 1974a), Comores (Balazuc 1982), Thailand (Sugiyama & Phanichapol 1984), Spain (Santamaria 1992b), United Kingdom (Weir 1996), Belgium (De Kesel 1998), Korea (Lee & Na 1999), the Netherlands (Haelewaters et al. 2012), and Turkey (Rossi 2016). The same is probably true for the records of L. anoplogenii on Abacetus from India, France and Sri Lanka (Thaxter 1908), France again (Balazuc 1974a), Guinea (Santamaria et al. 1991), China (Lee & Lim 2000); also the records of L. anoplogenii on Acupalpus from Japan (Santamaria et al. 1991) and Poland (Majewski 1999) should belong in L. stenolophi. Collections examined from Denmark On Acupalpus exiguus Dejean, 1829 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Nord for Landting ved Vinderup; 56°30.049′ N, 8°45.384′ E; MH86; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 569; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123055. On Acupalpus flavicollis (Sturm, 1825) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Robbedale; 55°4.738′ N, 14°45.569′ E; VB80; 2 Jul. 2006; H. Liljehult 68; H. Liljehult det.; ZMUC C-F-122544. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Nyord; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 834; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123329 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1315; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123850. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Lyngen ved Ølstykke; 55°47.738′ N, 12°10.253′ E; UB28; 15 May 2013; JP 863; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123358 • Syd for Løjesø i Rude Skov; 55°49.866′ N, 12°28.551′ E; UB49; 12 Apr. 2018; JP 1028; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123538. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Nord for Landting ved Vinderup; 56°30.049′ N, 8°45.384′ E; MH86; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 570; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123056. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Eriksminde syd for Korshage; 55°57.744′ N, 11°46.504′ E; PH70; 27 Oct. 2019; JP 1536; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124296. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Denderup Sø i Denderup Vaenge; 55°15.075′ N, 11°57.366′ E; PG82; 5 May 2016; JP 490; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122974. On Acupalpus parvulus (Sturm, 1825) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Fyn (F) • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2Apr. 2014; JP 706; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123196. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1314; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123849. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Nord for Landting ved Vinderup; 56°30.049′ N, 8°45.384′ E; MH86; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 571; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123057 • Vest for Vinderup; 56°28.727′ N, 8°44.810′ E; MH85; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 774; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123269. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Flasken nord for Reersø; 55°31.965′ N, 11°9.831′ E; PG35; 26 Jan. 2014; JP 607; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123096 • Flyndersø ved Dybesø; 55°58.151′ N, 11°45.621′ E; PH60; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 717; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123209 • Vesterlyng; 55°44.195′ N, 11°17.276′ E; PG47; 9 Feb. 2014; JP 638; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123127. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Even Bro; 55°8.694′ N, 12°0.601′ E; UB11; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1372; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123913 • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.572′ N, 12°6.715′ E; UA19; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1282; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123814. On Stenolophus mixtus (Herbst, 1784) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Raghammer Odde; 55°1.193′ N, 14°55.777′ E; VA99; 22 Jun. 2018; JP 1148; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123672. – Østjylland (EJ) • Havnen i Randers; 56°27.687′ N, 10°3.546′ E; NH65; 19 May 2013; JP 371; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122854. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Lysemose ved Maribo; 54°46.971′ N, 11°28.959′ E; PF57; 7 May 2017; JP 661; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123150 • Mandemarke; 54°58.014′ N, 12°29.479′ E; UA39; 22-23 Jun. 2016; O. Karsholt 130; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122606 • Nyord; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 828; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123322. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Flyndersø ved Dybesø; 55°58.151′ N, 11°45.621′ E; PH60; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 714; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123206. On Stenolophus teutonus (Schrank, 1781) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Karlstrup Kalkbrud syd for Karlstrup; 55°32.863′ N, 12°12.385′ E; UB25; 28 May 2016; JP 226; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122707. Remarks First record from Denmark. Laboulbenia anoplogenii, L. stenolophi and L. acupalpi show major morphological resemblances, to the point that they may be hardly separable. The three species have been reported on the same or allied hosts as, for example, Acupalpus and Stenolophus. Balazuc (1974a) regarded L. stenolophi as a synonym of L. anoplogenii. Majewski (1999) reported L. anoplogenii on Acupalpus (Stenolophus) teutonus from Poland, and compared it with L. acupalpi; according to this author, Laboulbenia anoplogenii differs from L. acupalpi by the strong branching of the outer and inner appendages, by the very numerous clustered antheridia, and by the non-elongate outer appendage basal cell. Furthermore, the same author mentioned thalli not differing from L. acupalpi being collected on representatives of Acupalpus subgenus Stenolophus (according to the entomological systematics used by Majewski) in Poland. Terada (2001) restricted L. anoplogenii to parasites on Anoplogenius Chaudoir, 1852 from China (type locality), Taiwan (Sugiyama & Shazawa 1977), and Japan (Sugiyama 1973), with these distinctive characteristics: (1) no crowded antheridia in young thalli, but many sterile long branches; (2) cell IV divides even in early stages of development; (3) cell V extends downward to the level of cell VII; (4) cell VI is taller and extends farther distally than cell III; (5) the level of the insertion cell is slightly above the perithecial base; and (6) the basal cell of the outer appendage is similar in size to the basal cell of the inner appendage. According to Terada, the name L. anoplogenii was misapplied to specimens occurring on Stenolophus and mentioned several features which should characterize L. stenolophi: (1) cell IV variably protruding or bulging at the outer corner; (2) cell IV division not observed in young thalli but rarely in mature (Fig. 44B, arrow); (3) cell V distant from cell VII; (4) cell VI variably shorter than cell III; (5) insertion cell situated far above the base of the perithecium; and (6) inner appendage consists of a short branchlet with antheridia. According to the mentioned work by Terada, specimens on Astigis Rambur, 1838, and maybe those on Abacetus and Chlaeminus remain in an uncertain position. Our conclusions: (1) Laboulbenia acupalpi and L. stenolophi should be considered inseparable by morphological traits and therefore we place them in synonymy, (2) the presence of L. anoplogenii in Europe needs to be reconsidered, (3) features of appendages do not seem good enough to distinguish L. anoplogenii from L. stenolophi, and (4) characteristics related to the comparative size of cells VI and III as well as the position of cell V in relation to cell VII are invariable and valuable for separating L. stenolophi and L. anoplogenii., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 204-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Spegazzini C. 1914. Primo contributo alla conoscenza delle Laboulbeniali Italiane. Redia 10: 21 - 75, Tav. I - IX.","Spegazzini C. 1915 a. Laboulbeniali ritrovate nelle collezioni di alcuni musei italiani. Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires 26: 451 - 511.","Terada K. 1976. Some species of the Laboulbeniales from Taiwan. Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan 17 (1): 23 - 34.","Lee Y. B. & Sugiyama K. 1984. Note on the Laboulbeniomycetes on Bali Island (Indonesia) I. Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan 25: 249 - 254.","Terada K. 2001. Notes on Laboulbenia stenolophi and Laboulbenia anoplogenii (Ascomycetes, Laboulbeniales). Mycoscience 42 (1): 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02463969","Majewski T. 2008. Laboulbeniales. In: Chlebicki A. (ed.) Atlas of the Geographical Distribution of Fungi in Poland 4: 1 - 240. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow.","Hoess R. & Senn-Irlet B. 2009. Qualitative and quantitative infestation of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) by parasitic fungi (Ascomycetes: Laboulbeniales) in Switzerland. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 82 (1 - 2): 103 - 142.","Santamaria S., Balazuc J. & Tavares I. I. 1991. Distribution of the European Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina). An annotated list of species. Treballs de l'Institut Botanic de Barcelona 14: 1 - 123.","Spegazzini C. 1917. Revision de las Laboulbeniales argentinas. Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires 29: 445 - 688.","Sugiyama K. 1978 b. The Laboulbeniomycetes of eastern Asia. (3) On nine species including two new species. The Journal of Japanese Botany 53 (9): 281 - 288.","Kang S. Y., Kim K. S., Kim S. J., Mun Y. S. & Lee Y. B. 1983. Studies on the Laboulbeniomycetes (Ascomycotina) in Korea (IV). Institute National Sciences Chosun University 6: 23 - 50.","Lee Y. B. & Lim C. K. 2000. Notes on species of the Laboulbeniales from Yunnan Province of China. Mycobiology 28 (2): 110 - 114. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 12298093.2000.12015733","Maire R. 1916 a. Deuxieme contribution a l'etude des Laboulbeniales de l'Afrique du Nord. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 7 (1): 6 - 39.","Banhegyi J. 1944. A Balaton kornyelkenek Laboulbenia - felei. Botanikai kozlemenyek; Zeitschrift der Botanischen Sektion der Ungarischen Gesellschaft fur Naturwissenschaften 41 (1 - 2): 49 - 61.","Scheloske H. W. 1969. Beitrage zur Biologie, Okologie und Systematik der Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) unter besonderer Berucksichtigung des Parasit-Wirt-Verhaltnisses. Parasitologische Schriftenreihe 19: 1 - 176.","Shen Y. H. & Ye D. - H. 2006. Laboulbeniales. Flora Fungorum Sinicorum 28, Consilio Florarum Cryptogamarum Sinicarum, Academiae Sinicae Edita, Science Press, Beijing.","Sugiyama K. & Majewski T. 1985 b. The Laboulbeniomycetes (Ascomycotina) of Peninsular Malaysia II. Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan 26: 449 - 462.","Kaur S., Pathak A. & Mukerji K. G. 1993. Studies on Indian Laboulbeniomycetes: I. Three unrecorded species of the genus Laboulbenia Mont. et Robin. Cryptogamic Botany 3 (4): 357 - 360.","Lee Y. B. & Na Y. H. 1998. Notes on some new species including unrecorded species of the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycotina) collected in Korea. Korean Journal of Mycology 26 (1): 108 - 118.","Thaxter R. 1908. Contribution towards a monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae. Part II. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 13 (6): 217 - 469. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 25058090","Baumgartner R. 1923. Contribution a l'etude des Laboulbeniales de la Suisse. Jahrbuch Philosophische Fakultat Universitet Bern 3: 257 - 265.","Balazuc J. 1974 a. Laboulbeniales de France (suite). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 43 (1): 12 - 21.","Sugiyama K. & Phanichapol D. 1984. Laboulbeniomycetes (Ascomycotina) in Thailand, I. Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society 32 (1): 47 - 88.","Santamaria S. 1992 b. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycotina) ibericos. Nuevos datos corologicos. Orsis 7: 139 - 144.","De Kesel A. 1998. Identificatie en gastheerspectrum van het genus Laboulbenia in Belgie (Ascomycetes, Laboulbeniales). Sterbeeckia 18: 13 - 31.","Lee Y. B. & Na Y. H. 1999. Notes on three species of the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycotina) newly collected from Korea. Korean Journal of Mycology 27 (3): 208 - 210.","Haelewaters D., Nuytinck J. & De Kesel A. 2012. Laboulbeniales in Nederland: een introductie. Natuurhistorisch Maandblad. 101 (5): 88 - 93.","Rossi W. 2016. Contribution to the knowledge of the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Turkey. Webbia 71 (2): 265 - 276. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00837792.2016.1222668","Majewski T. 1999. New and rare Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) from the Bialowieza Forest (NE Poland). Acta Mycologica 34 (1): 7 - 39.","Sugiyama K. & Shazawa E. 1977. Notes on Laboulbeniomycetes of Formosa. Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan 18: 270 - 278.","Sugiyama K. 1973. Species and genera of the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) in Japan. Ginkgoana 2: 1 - 97."]}

Laboulbenia inexpectata Santam. sp. nov. MB#840602 Fig. 34 Diagnosis Similar to L. argutoris Cépède & F.Picard, but differing by the base of outer appendage which consists of 2(–3) hyaline to pale cells contrasting with darkened cells above, and by the inner appendage structure. Etymology The species epithet means “unexpected”, because this species was unexpectedly found among many samples of beetles of the genus Acupalpus where other common species may be collected (e.g., L. inflata and L. stenolophi). Type material Holotype DENMARK – Sydjylland (SJ) • Kongens Mose; 55°0.745′ N, 8°56.557′ E; MF99; On Acupalpus exiguus Dejean, 1829 (Col. Carabidae); 16 Apr. 2000; H. Liljehult 29; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122502. Paratypes DENMARK • same data as for holotype; ZMUC C-F-122503, C-F-122504, C-F-122505. Description Thallus brown, much darker or even blackened at preostiolar spots and foot; much paler, almost hyaline, at basal areas of appendage, ostiole, cell V and lower area of cell I. Basal cell of receptacle (I) obconical, 2–3 times as long as broad, slightly constricted at middle height, geniculate at base, almost hyaline except for the upper quarter which is variably brown as the remaining receptacle above. Suprabasal cell of receptacle (II) slightly longer than broad, gradually broadening from below upwards. Septum II–VI oblique. Cell III trapezoidal to rhomboidal, almost isodiametric. Cell V small, paler than its surroundings, situated at the upper-inner corner of cell IV and separated from it by an oblique, curved septum that does not reach septum III–IV. Insertion cell thick, deep dark brown. Outer appendage unbranched, very long, three or more times as long as thallus length from foot to perithecial apex, consisting of 15 or more cells which are 2–4 times as long as broad each; apparently rigid (noticeable by needle manipulation when detaching the fungus from host cuticle), uniformly dark brown above second, or less common, third cell, the 2(–3) lower cells (i.e., basal and suprabasal cells) hyaline or pale brown, narrower than dark cells above (Fig. 34E, *). Inner appendage short, hyaline to pale brown, consisting of a minute basal cell (about a quarter in length and half as broad than basal cell of outer appendage) (Fig. 34C–D, bc ia) supporting 1(–2) elongated cells (about 2–3 times as long as broad), bearing three elongate, slightly brownish, flask-shaped antheridia (Fig. 34C, an) forming a tripodlike structure (Fig. 34D, an). Some additional cells under the antheridia were observed in a damaged or altered inner appendage. No sterile branches have been observed. Perithecial stalk cell (VI) flattened, as broad but shorter than adjacent cell IV. Perithecium ovoidal, with convex margins, showing confluent black preostiolar spots which form a ring below the pale ostiole, that points outwards through a truncated tip. Length from foot to apex of perithecium 151–161 µm. Perithecium (including basal cells) 74–82 × 28–35 µm. Length from foot to tip of outer appendage (when undamaged) 348–498 µm. Thalli were found mostly on elytra and pronotum of the hosts. Four infected beetles were found in a sun-exposed heath bog. Remarks This probably rare species may be compared with several other species of the genus Laboulbenia showing an unbranched outer appendage, a reduced inner appendage (without sterile branches), and a mostly darkened receptacle including perithecium. All these features are shared by L. argutoris and perhaps L. benjaminii, from which the new species can be separated by the structure of the appendages, especially the outer appendage, with the two hyaline basal cells, contrasting to the rest of the dark appendage., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 165-167, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924

Laboulbenia slackensis Cépède & F.Picard MB#239158 Fig. 43C–D Compte Rendu, Association Française pour l’Avancement des Sciences (part 2): 780 (Cépède & Picard 1907). – Type: [Type lost!] “ Pogonus chalceus Marsh. Bords de la Slack, Ambleteuse (Pas-de-Calais)”. [France] Diagnostic features Cell V trapezoidal to obtriangular, similar in size and shape to cell IV. Septum IV–V vertical, connected with septum III–IV. Basal cell of outer appendage shorter than cell IV, slightly inflated outward and twice as long as the basal cell of inner appendage, separated from the outer branch by a thick, black and constricted septum (Fig. 43D, arrow). Appendages, if undamaged, exceeding the tip of the perithecium. Dorsal side of the receptacle straight to slightly concave.[Detailed descriptions: Balazuc 1974e; De Kesel 1989; Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts Occurs on the genus Pogonus (Col. Carabidae) from Europe: Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Spain (Santamaria et al. 1991), the Netherlands (Meijer 1975), and United Kingdom (Weir 1996); Africa: Morocco (Maire 1916a), Algeria (Maire 1920), and Comores (Balazuc 1982); and Asia: Japan (Terada 1998a). Collections examined from Denmark On Pogonus chalceus (Marsham, 1802) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Fyn (F) • Ristinge; 54°49.793′ N, 10°38.242′ E; PF07; ca 1870; Schiødte Dry0153; Schiødte det.; ZMUC C-F-124219. – Sydjylland (SJ) • Råhede; 55°16.263′ N, 8°39.392′ E; MG72; 31 May 2013; JP 154; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122634. Remarks First record from Denmark. Sister species of L. littoralis which occurs on Cafius (Col. Staphylinidae). Both species were distinguished by biometric, morphological and ecological characteristics by De Kesel & Haelewaters (2014a)., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 201-202, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Cepede C. & Picard F. 1907. Observations biologiques sur les Laboulbeniacees et diagnoses sommaires de quelques especes nouvelles. Compte Rendu, Association Francaise pour l'Avancement des Sciences (part 2): 778 - 784.","Balazuc J. 1974 e. Laboulbeniales de France (suite). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 43 (8): 295 - 315.","De Kesel A. 1989. Ontogeny of Laboulbenia slackensis Picard & Cepede (Ascomycetes). Bulletin de la Societe Royale de Botanique de Belgique 122: 37 - 46.","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Santamaria S., Balazuc J. & Tavares I. I. 1991. Distribution of the European Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina). An annotated list of species. Treballs de l'Institut Botanic de Barcelona 14: 1 - 123.","Meijer J. 1975. Carabid (Coleoptera, Carabidae) Migration Studied with Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) as Biological Tags. Oecologia 19 (2): 99 - 103. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00369094","Maire R. 1916 a. Deuxieme contribution a l'etude des Laboulbeniales de l'Afrique du Nord. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 7 (1): 6 - 39.","Maire R. 1920. Troisieme contribution a l'etude des Laboulbeniales de l'Afrique du Nord. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 11 (8): 123 - 138, 143 - 170.","Terada K. 1998 a. New records of the carabidicolous Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Japan. Mycoscience 39 (1): 77 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02461582","De Kesel A. & Haelewaters D. 2014 a. Laboulbenia slackensis and L. littoralis sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales), two sibling species as a result of ecological speciation. Mycologia 106 (3): 407 - 414. https: // doi. org / 10.3852 / 13 - 348"]}

Laboulbenia benjaminii Balazuc ex Santam. MB#446186 Fig. 26A Flora Mycologica Iberica 4: 45 (Santamaria 1998). – Type: “ Sur Baudia anomala (Perris), subsp. pseudopeltata M. Dew. (Col. Carab. Licinidae, subfam. Badistrinae) à l’étang de La Capelle (Gard) [France] [No. 47.57]”; PC. Laboulbenia benjamini Balazuc (Balazuc 1971a: 114) (nom. inval.) [MB#316112] Laboulbenia benjaminii Balazuc (Balazuc 1974a: 15) (nom. inval.) [MB#535214] Diagnostic features Cell V oval, about half of the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage unbranched, up to 500 µm long. Inner appendage consisting of a small basal cell supporting two to a few branches, simple or scarcely divided into pairs or small clusters of terminal antheridia; sometimes bearing long sterile branches. [Detailed descriptions: Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts On Badister in a broad sense (Col. Carabidae) from France (type), Poland, Spain, Belgium, Korea (Majewski 2008). Also in Denmark (Høier 2009) and Czech Republic (Rossi et al. 2010). The type was described on the genus Baudia which now is a subgenus of Badister. Collections examined from Denmark On Badister bullatus (Schrank, 1798) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Fyn (F) • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2 Apr. 2014; JP 699; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123188. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Indelukket ved Frederiksborg Slot; 55°56.191′ N, 12°17.861′ E; UC30; 12 Apr. 2016; JP 14; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122487. On Badister dilatatus Chaudoir, 1837 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Lysemose ved Maribo; 54°46.971′ N, 11°28.959′ E; PF57; 7 May 2017; JP 654; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123143. On Badister dorsiger (Duftschmid, 1812) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Lysemose ved Maribo; 54°46.971′ N, 11°28.959′ E; PF57; 7 May 2017; JP 655; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123144. On Badister lacertosus Sturm, 1815 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Nørreskoven; 55°47.865′ N, 12°23.054′ E; UB38; 1–12 May 2006; J. Høier 1570; P. Jørum det.; ZMUC C-F-124331 • Stampeskov ved Rådvad; 55°48.332′ N, 12°33.138′ E; UB48; 14 Apr. 2013; JP 781; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123276. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Gammel Dyrehave ved Edelesminde; 55°16.930′ N, 11°58.348′ E; PG83; 27 Nov. 2016; JP 172; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122651. On Badister peltatus (Panzer, 1797) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Eriksholm Skov; 55°41.771′ N, 11°47.912′ E; PG77; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 744; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123238. On Badister sodalis (Duftschmid, 1812) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Grejsdal syd for Hornstrup; 55°44.791′ N, 9°33.051′ E; NG37; 8 Mar. 2014; JP 747; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123241. – Fyn (F) • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2 Apr. 2014; JP 698; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123187 • Rishave; 55°33.475′ N, 10°24.013′ E; NG85; 19 Apr. 2018; JP 1073; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123591. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Krenkerup Haveskov; 54°46.408′ N, 11°39.955′ E; PF77; 25 May 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 911; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123409 • Naesby Strand; 54°44.625′ N, 11°4.539′ E; PF36; 23 Feb. 2014; JP 547; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123033 • Ny Kirstineberg Storskov; 54°48.376′ N, 11°49.365′ E; PF87; 17 May 2017; H. Liljehult 442; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122927 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1325; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123864. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Bognaes Storskov; 55°41.242′ N, 12°1.678′ E; UB 17; 1 Aug. 2013; JP 363; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122846 • Gurre Vang; 56°1.470′ N, 12°29.486′ E; UC41; 14 Apr. 2017; JP 266; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122745 • Indelukket ved Frederiksborg Slot; 55°56.191′ N, 12°17.861′ E; UC30; 12 Apr. 2016; JP 15; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122488 • Stampeskov ved Rådvad; 55°48.332′ N, 12°33.138′ E; UB 48; 14 Apr. 2013; JP 782; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123277 • ibid.; 23 Mar. 2017; JP 470; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122954. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Flasken nord for Reersø; 55°31.965′ N, 11°9.831′ E; PG35; 26 Jan. 2014; JP 609; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123097 • Garbølle; 55°34.107′ N, 11°34.293′ E; PG66; 21 Apr. 2018; JP 1062; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123579 • Nordbredden af Skarresø; 55°39.425′ N, 11°22.998′ E; PG47; 1 May 2013; JP 856; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123351 • Vesterlyng; 55°44.195′ N, 11°17.276′ E; PG47; 9 Feb. 2014; JP 641; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123129. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Denderup Sø i Denderup Vaenge; 55°15.075′ N, 11°57.366′ E; PG82; 9 Jun. 2019; JP 1475; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124055 • Holmegårds Mose; 55°17.685′ N, 11°47.928′ E; PG73; 31 Mar. 2019; JP 1417; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123963 • Sorø, Kristiansminde; 55°25.115′ N, 11°35.209′ E; PG64; 15 Aug. 2013; JP 396; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122879. Remarks Balazuc (1971a) described pale, nearly hyaline thalli, depicting one thallus having a perithecium with a very inflated venter and a strongly constricted neck; the unbranched outer appendage consisting of eight cells with noticeably constricted septa. This description was very restrictive and differs from additional new records of L. benjaminii in literature. Majewski (1994b) reported the species for the first time after the original description, broadening the description to embrace thalli with unbranched, yellowish-brown outer appendage, length up to 500 µm, bearing an inner appendage with paired antheridia borne on short dichotomous branches; these thalli were bigger than those of Balazuc’s type. Subsequent records fit and follow Majewski’s description and concept of L. benjaminii. Rossi et al. (2019a) found thalli on Badister bullatus (Schrank) from Bulgaria with atypical bifurcate outer appendage., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 131-133, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Balazuc J. 1971 a. Laboulbeniales inedites, parasites de carabiques. Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie 1 (1): 107 - 117.","Balazuc J. 1974 a. Laboulbeniales de France (suite). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 43 (1): 12 - 21.","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Majewski T. 2008. Laboulbeniales. In: Chlebicki A. (ed.) Atlas of the Geographical Distribution of Fungi in Poland 4: 1 - 240. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow.","Hoier J. 2009. Laboul-speciale. Heterocerus, NYhedsbrev for Danske Coleopterologer 19: 11 - 16.","Rossi W., Maca J. & Vavra J. 2010. New records of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Polish Botanical Studies 55 (2): 343 - 351.","Rossi W., Gueorguiev B., Georgiev G. & Stoianova D. 2019 a. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Bulgaria and other countries. Plant Biosystems 153 (1): 48 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11263504.2018.1454531"]}

Laboulbenia aubryi Balazuc MB#316110 Figs 25C–D, 103B Revue de Mycologie 43 (4): 393 (Balazuc 1979). – Type: “ Sur Cyrtonotus (Leironotus) rotundicollis (Schauf.) (Col. Carabidae Pterostichinae Amarini), de la Sierra de la Demanda, province de Logroño, Espagne (J. Aubry leg., X–1976) [No. 37.78, type, according to Santamaria 1998: 41]”; PC. [Spain] Diagnostic features Cell V oval, about half the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III; its inner margin separated from perithecium at least in its distal portion. Insertion cell separated from perithecium. Outer appendage unbranched, up to 650 µm long. Inner appendage consisting of a small basal cell supporting two simple or once ramified branches bearing pairs or clusters of antheridia; sometimes including variable and rather elongated sterile branches. [Detailed descriptions: Santamaria 1998; Majewski 1999] Distribution and hosts On ground beetles of the genus Amara (= Leironotus Ganglbauer, 1891). Described from Spain and reported from India and Nepal (Santamaria et al. 1991), as well as from Poland (Majewski 1999) and Belgium (Haelewaters & De Kesel 2020) from Amara. The record on Agonum from United Kingdom (Weir 1996) lacks iconography and requires confirmation. Collections examined from Denmark On Amara municipalis (Duftschmid, 1812) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Nordøst for Bispebjerg Station; 55°42.508′ N, 12°32.786′ E; UB47; 18 Aug. 2016; JP 115; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122592. Remarks First record from Denmark. The finding of this species in Denmark on Amara is not surprising because it also was found in neighbouring Poland on the same host., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on page 130, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Balazuc J. 1979. Recherches sur les Laboulbeniomycetes. IV. Descriptions de cinq especes de Laboulbeniales. Revue de Mycologie 43: 393 - 404.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Majewski T. 1999. New and rare Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) from the Bialowieza Forest (NE Poland). Acta Mycologica 34 (1): 7 - 39.","Santamaria S., Balazuc J. & Tavares I. I. 1991. Distribution of the European Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina). An annotated list of species. Treballs de l'Institut Botanic de Barcelona 14: 1 - 123.","Haelewaters D. & De Kesel A. 2020. Checklist of thallus - forming Laboulbeniomycetes from Belgium and the Netherlands, including Hesperomyces halyziae and Laboulbenia quarantenae spp. nov. MycoKeys 71: 23 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / mycokeys. 71.53421"]}

Laboulbenia oodiphila Huldén MB#108115 Fig. 39A–B Karstenia 23: 57 (Huldén 1983). – Type: “ Holotype. Slide L. Huldén 5, Collecting data of the host: Finland. Al: Finström, 30.VI.1943, leg. Hakan Lindberg. Host. Oodes helopiodes (Fabricius) (Coleoptera, Carabidae). The parasite occurs on the anterior margin of the left elytron and the left mesofemur, accidentally on the coxae or other parts of the elytra”; MZH. Diagnostic features Lower receptacle (cells I and II) forming a long pedicel where cell II is 3–4 times as long as broad. Cell V small, obtriangular to oval, about half the length or less of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage unbranched or once ramified above the second cell. Inner appendage consisting of a large basal cell bearing 1–2 antheridial branchlets which later proliferate into sterile appendages. [Detailed description: Majewski 1994b] Distribution and hosts Known from the carabid genus Oodes in Finland (type), Poland, Ukraine (Majewski 1994b), Switzerland (Hoess & Senn-Irlet 2009), Bulgaria, Italy, China (Rossi et al. 2019a), and Austria (Rossi & Christian 2020). Collections examined from Denmark On Oodes helopioides (Fabricius, 1792) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Bastemose i Almindingen; 55°7.554′ N, 14°56.560′ E; VB90; 28 Jun. 1994; JP Dry0053; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124119. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Trørød Mose; 55°50.383′ N, 12°32.598′ E; UB49; 19 Jun. 1955; Johs. Petersen Dry0052; Johs. Petersen det.; ZMUC C-F-124118. Remarks First record from Denmark. The distribution of this species is patchy, from Southern Europe to far China, probably by lack of exploration, but the record from Denmark is not surprising because of its previous records from neighbouring countries., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on page 186, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Hulden L. 1983. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Finland and adjacent parts of the U. S. S. R. Karstenia 23 (2): 31 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 1983.221","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Hoess R. & Senn-Irlet B. 2009. Qualitative and quantitative infestation of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) by parasitic fungi (Ascomycetes: Laboulbeniales) in Switzerland. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 82 (1 - 2): 103 - 142.","Rossi W., Gueorguiev B., Georgiev G. & Stoianova D. 2019 a. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Bulgaria and other countries. Plant Biosystems 153 (1): 48 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11263504.2018.1454531","Rossi W. & Christian E. 2020. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Austria and neighbouring areas. Sydowia 72: 149 - 161."]}

Laboulbenia calathi T.Majewski MB#363729 Fig. 26D, 104A Polish Botanical Studies 7: 89 (Majewski 1994b). – Type: “ On Calathus melanocephalus (Linnaeus), Ws. Pomiechówek, 28.8.1974 (TM. 1474 – holotype); KRAM. [Poland] Diagnostic features Cell V oval, half or a third of the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III, distinctively paler than its surroundings. Outer appendage unbranched. Inner appendage consisting of a small basal cell supporting short branches terminated by few antheridia in young thalli, but proliferating into some variably elongated sterile branches when ageing. [Detailed description: Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts This species is characteristic on Calathus (Col. Carabidae). In addition to the type from Poland, it is known from Europe: Spain (Santamaria 1996a), Belgium (De Kesel 1998), Lithuania (Markovskaja 2000), Latvia (De Kesel & Krastina De Kesel 2006), Switzerland (Hoess & Senn-Irlet 2009), Czech Republic (Rossi et al. 2010), the Netherlands (Haelewaters & De Kesel 2010), and Bulgaria (Rossi et al. 2019a). Most of the records of L. polyphaga var. calathicola Speg. may also be here included, viz. Italy (Spegazzini 1914), France (Colla 1926), and Romania (Bánhegyi 1949); but records on Bradycellus from Algeria (Maire 1920) and Morocco (Maire & Werner 1937) probably belong to L. eubradycelli. Collections examined from Denmark On Calathus cinctus Motschulsky, 1850 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Fyn (F) • Knudshoved Marina; 55°17.781′ N, 10°50.542′ E; PG12; 18 Oct. 2017; JP 585; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123071. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Rødbyhavn; 54°39.569′ N, 11°21.958′ E; PF55; 7 May 2017; JP 399; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122882. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Ud for Kongelundsfortet; 55°33.724′ N, 12°33.731′ E; UB46; 15 Apr. 2018; JP 1055; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123572 • Vest for Trørød; 55°50.223′ N, 12°31.185′ E; UB49; 13 Nov. 2016; JP 134; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122610. On Calathus fuscipes (Goeze, 1777) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Møns Klint, Syd; 54°56.985′ N, 12°32.270′ E; UA49; 3 Aug. 2019; JP 1488; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124074. On Calathus melanocephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Fyn (F) • Bagenkop; 54°45.201′ N, 10°40.616′ E; PF06; 5 Oct. 2016; JP 148; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122627. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Nykøbing; 54°46.279′ N, 11°52.845′ E; PF87; 17 May 2017; JP 411; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122895 • Ulvshale; 55°2.301′ N, 12°16.244′ E; UB20; 25 Sep. 2016; JP 145; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122624. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Vest for Trørød; 55°50.223′ N, 12°31.185′ E; UB49; 13 Nov. 2016; JP 135; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122611 • ibid., 21 Jun. 2017; JP 440; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122925. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Eriksminde syd for Korshage; 55°57.744′ N, 11°46.504′ E; PH70; 27 Oct. 2019; JP 1535; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124294 • Kongstrup Klint på Røsnaes; 55°43.730′ N, 10°58.299′ E; PG27; 20–26 Sep. 2014; JP 235; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122715 • Maglesø Plantage; 55°38.136′ N, 11°41.186′ E; PG66; 18 Feb. 2017; JP 284; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122763. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Køge Nordhavn; 55°27.698′ N, 12°11.386′ E; UB24; 19 Oct. 2019; JP 1517; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124272. On Calathus micropterus (Duftschmid, 1812) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Gribskov, Faendriksvang; 56°1.005′ N, 12°21.245′ E; UC30; 1–30 Aug. 2014; J. Heilmann-Clausen et al. 51; P. Jørum det.; ZMUC C-F-122526. Remarks First record from Denmark. This is a very common species, and its presence in Denmark is not surprising., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 134-135, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Santamaria S. 1996 a. Contribucion al conocimiento de los Laboulbeniales (Ascomycotina) ibericos, IV. Genero Laboulbenia: adiciones y correcciones. Revista Catalana de Micologia 19: 5 - 13.","De Kesel A. 1998. Identificatie en gastheerspectrum van het genus Laboulbenia in Belgie (Ascomycetes, Laboulbeniales). Sterbeeckia 18: 13 - 31.","Markovskaja S. 2000. Data on Lithuanian Laboulbeniales. Botanica Lithuanica 6 (3): 299 - 311.","De Kesel A. & Krastina De Kesel I. 2006. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) from Latvia. Acta Mycologica 41 (1): 55 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.5586 / am. 2006.009","Hoess R. & Senn-Irlet B. 2009. Qualitative and quantitative infestation of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) by parasitic fungi (Ascomycetes: Laboulbeniales) in Switzerland. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 82 (1 - 2): 103 - 142.","Rossi W., Maca J. & Vavra J. 2010. New records of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Polish Botanical Studies 55 (2): 343 - 351.","Haelewaters D. & De Kesel A. 2010. Laboulbeniales van De Kaaistoep. Natuurstudie in De Kaaistoep: 107 - 112. KNNV-Afdeling Tilburg, Tilburg.","Rossi W., Gueorguiev B., Georgiev G. & Stoianova D. 2019 a. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Bulgaria and other countries. Plant Biosystems 153 (1): 48 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11263504.2018.1454531","Spegazzini C. 1914. Primo contributo alla conoscenza delle Laboulbeniali Italiane. Redia 10: 21 - 75, Tav. I - IX.","Colla S. 1926. Laboulbeniali osservati nelle collezioni del R. Museo Zoologico di Torino. Atti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, Memorie di classe di scienze fisiche, matematiche e naturale, Ser. 6. 2 (1): 153 - 193.","Banhegyi J. 1949. Les Laboulbeniales de la Transylvanie. Index Horti Botanici Universitatis Budapestinensis 7: 93 - 101.","Maire R. 1920. Troisieme contribution a l'etude des Laboulbeniales de l'Afrique du Nord. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 11 (8): 123 - 138, 143 - 170.","Maire R. & Werner R. G. 1937. Fungi maroccani. Catalogue raisonne des champignons connus jusqu'ici au Maroc. Memoires de la Societe des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc 45: 1 - 147."]}

Laboulbenia littoralis De Kesel & Haelew. MB#801461 Fig. 36E–F Mycologia 106 (3): 409 (De Kesel & Haelewaters 2014a). – Type: “ Holotype.– BELGIUM, WEST-VLAANDEREN: Knokke-Heist, Zwin estuary, 28 Apr. 2012, parasite on tibia of male Cafius xantholoma (Gravenhorst, 1806) (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Staphylinini, Philonthina), A. De Kesel 5152b (BR–MYCO 171396-94)”; BR. Diagnostic features Cell V trapezoidal, similar in size and shape to cell IV. Septum IV–V vertical, connected with septum III–IV. Basal cell of outer appendage swollen and similar or slightly longer than cell IV, twice as long as the basal cell of inner appendage, separated from the outer branch by a thick, black and constricted septum. Appendages not exceeding the tip of perithecium, crowded in mature thalli with a few distinctively brown antheridia (Fig. 36F, an). Dorsal side of the receptacle bent outwards at the junction of cells II and III. Perithecium with large black preostiolar spots. Distribution and hosts Only known from the original description (De Kesel & Haelewaters 2014a), on Cafius (Col. Staphylinidae) from Belgium, the Netherlands, France and Italy. Collections examined from Denmark On Cafius xantholoma (Gravenhorst, 1806) (Col. Staphylinidae Staphylininae) DENMARK – Fyn (F) • Knudshoved; 55°18.212′ N, 10°49.828′ E; PG13; 11 Nov. 2018; JP 1225; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123752 • Sprogø; 55°20.012′ N, 10°58.263′ E; PG23; 7 Sep. 2013; JP 100; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122575. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Ulvshale; 55°2.305′ N, 12°17.042′ E; UB20; 2 May 2018; JP 1102; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123620. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Liseleje; 56°1.048′ N, 11°58.454′ E; PH81; 7 Oct. 2018; JP 1203; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123730. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Gammel Kalvehave; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 23 Sep. 2018; JP 1177; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123701 • Klinteby Klint; 55°11.579′ N; 11°32.489′ E; PG61; 10 Sep. 2016; JP 121; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122598. Remarks First record from Denmark. A photo of this species is given here for the first time. According to De Kesel & Haelewaters (2014a), Laboulbenia littoralis is a sister species of L. slackensis and may be distinguished from it by (1) the stouter thallus, (2) the swollen outer appendage basal cell which is equal to or taller than cell IV and twice as long as the inner appendage basal cell, and (3) the outwards bent receptacle. Laboulbenia littoralis seems to be restricted to Cafius xantholoma, whereas L. cafii occurs on species of the genus Remus. Our observations with Danish specimens agree with this statement (see under L. cafii)., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on page 173, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["De Kesel A. & Haelewaters D. 2014 a. Laboulbenia slackensis and L. littoralis sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales), two sibling species as a result of ecological speciation. Mycologia 106 (3): 407 - 414. https: // doi. org / 10.3852 / 13 - 348"]}

Laboulbenia corylophi Scheloske MB#332774 Fig. 28C, 106A Parasitologische Schriftenreihe 19: 117 (Scheloske 1969). – Type: “ Auf Halsschild und Elytren von Corylophus cassidoides (Col., Orthoperidae). Bruchwald bei Tennenlohe/Erlangen. Deutschland. Holotypus Abb. 23”. [Germany] Diagnostic features Cell V obtriangular, slightly shorter than cell IV, not connected with cell III. Septum II–VI strongly oblique. Outer appendage unbranched, with a darkened, broadened basal cell. Inner appendage consisting of a basal cell which is shorter than the outer basal cell, bearing 1–2 short branches which, in young thalli, support solitary terminal antheridia. Thallus not exceeding the 100 µm in length; dark brown except for the hyaline cell I, cell V, and apices of appendages and perithecium. [Detailed description: Majewski 1994b] Distribution and hosts Described from Germany on Corylophus cassidoides (Col. Corylophidae) and found on the same host in Poland (Majewski 1986a), Slovakia, and Czech Republic (Rossi et al. 2019b). Collections examined from Denmark On Corylophus cassidoides (Marsham, 1802) (Col. Corylophidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Svartingedalen ved Baggeå; 55°11.740′ N, 14 45.260′ E; VB81; 23 Jun. 2018; JP 1154; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123678. – Østjylland (EJ) • Lindholm Hoved i Mossø; 56°2.772′ N, 9°42.809′ E; NH41; 18 Jan. 2015; JP & H. Liljehult 511; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122994 • Vest for Ørnsø ved Silkeborg; 56°9.126′ N, 9°30.588′ E; NH32; 10 Nov. 2018; JP 1233; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123760. – Fyn (F) • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2 Apr. 2014; JP 683; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123171. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Lysemose ved Maribo; 54°46.971′ N, 11°28.959′ E; PF57; 4 Jun. 2018; JP 1137; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123661 • Nyord; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 838; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123333. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Indelukket ved Frederiksborg Slot; 55°56.191′ N, 12°17.861′ E; UC30; 19 Mar. 2017; JP 665; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123154 • ibid.; 12 Apr. 2017; JP 5; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122476 • Lyngen ved Ølstykke; 55°47.738′ N, 12°10.253′ E; UB28; 15 May 2013; JP 871; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-12336 • Naerum; 55°48.616′ N, 12°32.706′ E; UB48; 13 Nov. 2016; JP 128; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122605. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Fiskbaek Å ved Fiskbaek; 56°30.762′ N, 9°18.258′ E; NH16; 24 Nov. 2019; JP 1548; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124309. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Flasken nord for Reersø; 55°31.965′ N, 11°9.831′ E; PG35; 26 Jan. 2014; JP 599; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123088 • Nordbredden af Skarresø; 55°39.425′ N, 11°22.998′ E; PG47; 1 May 2013; JP 852; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123347 • Sonnerup Skov; 55°56.643′ N, 11°34.213′ E; PH60; 1 Apr. 2017; JP 248; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122728. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Enemaerket ved Naesbyholm; 55°22.429′ N, 11°36.776′ E; PG63; 17 Nov. 2019; JP 1557; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124318 • Even Bro; 55°8.694′ N, 12°0.601′ E; UB11; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1353; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123892 • Tryggevaelde Å ved Varpelev; 55°21.055′ N, 12°15.877′ E; UB23; 6 Jan. 2018; JP 1590; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124351. Remarks First record from Denmark. Because of the minute size of the host insects, around one mm long, this species may be easily overlooked, perhaps being more common than records in the literature seem to indicate., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 141-142, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Scheloske H. W. 1969. Beitrage zur Biologie, Okologie und Systematik der Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) unter besonderer Berucksichtigung des Parasit-Wirt-Verhaltnisses. Parasitologische Schriftenreihe 19: 1 - 176.","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Majewski T. 1986 a. Rare and new Laboulbeniales from Poland. VIII. Acta Mycologica 19 (2): 183 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.5586 / am. 1983.017","Rossi W., Vavra J. & Bartak M. 2019 b. New species and new records of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Nova Hedwigia 109 (1 - 2): 149 - 159. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / nova _ hedwigia / 2019 / 0522"]}

Laboulbenia leisti J.Siemaszko & Siemaszko MB#269178 Fig. 36A–B Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 6: 203 (Siemaszko & Siemaszko 1928). – Type: [Type destroyed!] “ In elytris Leisti rufescentis F. Poloniae, Pulawy. I.P.”. [Poland] Diagnostic features Cell V obtriangular, half or less of the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage unbranched, up to 700 µm long, the 2–3 lower cells contrasting by their darker or paler colour from the cells above. Inner appendage consisting of a small number of variably elongated branches, ramified from the base, supporting paired or solitary dark antheridia (Fig. 36B, an). Basal cell of inner appendage slightly shorter than the outer. [Detailed descriptions: Majewski 1994b; Weir 1994; Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts On Col. Carabidae of the genus Leistus. This is a species only known from Europe: Poland, Spain, France, Belgium, United Kingdom, Germany, Hungary, Romania, Finland (Majewski 2008), Denmark (Høier 2009), Switzerland (Hoess & Senn-Irlet 2009), Sweden (Huggert 2010), Czech Republic, Slovakia (Rossi et al. 2010), and the Netherlands (Haelewaters et al. 2012). De Kesel et al. (2020) reported L. leisti on Agonum muelleri from Belgium, a host record which requires confirmation. Collections examined from Denmark On Leistus ferrugineus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Fyn (F) • Fyns Hoved; 55°36.736′ N, 10°35.706′ E; PG06; 4 Jan. 2015; K.B. Nielsen 281; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122760. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Vest for Trørød; 55°50.223′ N, 12°31.185′ E; UB49; 13 Nov. 2016; JP 136; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122612. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Sonnerup Skov; 55°56.525′ N, 11°33.988′ E; PH60; 1 Apr. 2017; JP 254; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122734. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Holtug Kalkbrud; 55°20.470′ N, 12°26.678′ E; UB33; 21 Sep. 2013; JP 348; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122830 • Stevns Fyr nord for Vindehuse; 55°17.420′ N, 12°27.183′ E; UB33; 19 Nov. 2014; JP 156; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122635. Remarks Thalli of Laboulbenia leisti collected in Denmark are well-distinguished by the appendage structure which agrees with that described by Majewski (1994b)., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 171-172, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Siemaszko J. & Siemaszko W. 1928. Owadorosty polskie i palearktyczne. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 6 (3 - 4): 188 - 211.","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Weir A. 1994. Further records of Laboulbeniales from collections of British Coleoptera. Mycological Research 98 (4): 433 - 444. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0953 - 7562 (09) 81201 - X","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Majewski T. 2008. Laboulbeniales. In: Chlebicki A. (ed.) Atlas of the Geographical Distribution of Fungi in Poland 4: 1 - 240. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow.","Hoier J. 2009. Laboul-speciale. Heterocerus, NYhedsbrev for Danske Coleopterologer 19: 11 - 16.","Hoess R. & Senn-Irlet B. 2009. Qualitative and quantitative infestation of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) by parasitic fungi (Ascomycetes: Laboulbeniales) in Switzerland. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 82 (1 - 2): 103 - 142.","Huggert L. 2010. Laboulbeniales i Sverige. Ove Eriksson (ed.). Umea University, Umea.","Rossi W., Maca J. & Vavra J. 2010. New records of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Polish Botanical Studies 55 (2): 343 - 351.","Haelewaters D., Nuytinck J. & De Kesel A. 2012. Laboulbeniales in Nederland: een introductie. Natuurhistorisch Maandblad. 101 (5): 88 - 93.","De Kesel A., Gerstmans C. & Haelewaters D. 2020. Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium. Sterbeeckia 36: 3 - 143."]}

Genus Laboulbenia Mont. & C.P.Robin MB#2606 Histoire naturelle des végétaux parasites qui croissent sur l’homme et sur les animaux vivants. J.B.Baillière, Paris: 622 (Robin 1853). – Type species: L. rougetii Mont. & C.P.Robin Thaxteria Giard, Comptes-Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances et Mémoires de la Société de Biologie et de ses filiales, Paris: 156 (Giard 1892) [MB#5406] Ceraiomyces Thaxt., Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 36: 410 (Thaxter 1901a) [MB#878] Eumisgomyces Speg., Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires 23: 176 (Spegazzini 1912) [MB#1927] Laboulbeniella Speg., Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires 23: 188 (Spegazzini 1912) [MB#2608] Schizolaboulbenia Middelh., Fungus 27 (1–4): 73 (Middelhoek 1957) [MB#4896] Scalenomyces I.I.Tav., Mycologia Memoirs 9: 313 (Tavares 1985) [MB#25698] Brief description Mostly monoecious. Receptacle typically five-celled. The two-celled pedicel (primary or lower receptacle) consists of superposed cells I and II. Cell II supports on one side the perithecial stalk cell (VI) and the perithecium with associated cells, and on the opposite side the secondary or upper receptacle with appendages. The secondary receptacle is typically three-celled, including cell III underlying ± parallel cells IV and V, separated from each other by a septum joining or not the insertion cell with cell III. The appendages (i.e., the primary appendage) are subtended by a flattened and usually darkened insertion cell. Appendages are typically arranged in two sets: the inner appendage including simple antheridia, and the outer appendage. The solitary perithecium, above the basal cells (m, n, n’ and VII), has an outer wall with 4 unequal cells for each vertical row, with an ostiole surrounded by two ± prominent lips and two preostiolar blackened spots. Remarks Of all the genera included in the Laboulbeniales, this is the richest in number of taxa, with more than 650 species, in addition to countless infraspecific taxa of highly variable value. We have gathered 653 species in our database catalogue. Song et al. (2019) mentioned 633 species where 40 have been described after 2010, Haelewaters et al. (2019b) reported 650 accepted species and many varieties, and according to the same authors, Index Fungorum (2019) includes 897 names of taxa. More than one hundred species are known in Europe (we count 109 species), 47 have been found in Denmark. The most recently described species are L. chionophila, L. halophila (Santamaria et al. 2020a), L. quarantenae (Haelewaters & De Kesel 2020), L. angkorensis, L. fusca, L. polyandra, L. scabra, and L. trilobata (Kong et al. 2020), and L. amblystomi (Haelewaters et al. 2021). Although species of Laboulbenia mostly occurs on ground beetles (Carabidae), some may also be found on other families like Staphylinidae, Gyrinidae, Chrysomelidae, Elateridae, and Corylophidae, even on other orders of Insecta like Diptera, Blattodea, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, and unrelated arthropods like mites (Acarina). A subdivision of the genus into subgenera would be desirable, although the difficulty of managing so many taxa, data and intraspecific variability makes it a titanic task. Some attempts were carried out by Spegazzini (1917), who described several unnatural sections, which were not widely followed by subsequent authors. Unfortunately, his contemporary Roland Thaxter passed away before his sixth monograph dealing with this genus could see the light. This fact led to many new species left out but also a probable reorganization of the genus. Many years after, Tavares (1985) distinguished 20 structural groups of species based on morphology but subgenera were not formally described. Some characteristics are key to distinguish and group species: (1) if the septum IV–V is connected with the septum III–IV, as in L. pedicellata, or not as in L. flagellata; (2) if the insertion cell is flattened and dark, clearly distinguished from surrounding cells, as in L. ophoni, or pale, colourless, not distinctly contrasting from the surrounding cells, as in L. fasciculata; (3) whether basal cells of the outer appendage show some septa distinctly darkened and/or constricted, as in L. clivinalis; (4) if the outer appendage is unbranched, as in L. notiophili, or ± ramified, as in L. elaphri; (5) if cell V is totally or partially free from the perithecium, as in L. pseudomasei, or connected along its whole length to the perithecium, as in L. vulgaris. Other important features, such as the cells III, IV and V totally or partially undivided, are not found in the Danish species of Laboulbenia. Key to the Danish species (partially following Majewski 1994 b, and Santamaria 1998) The included key for identification of Danish species in the genus Laboulbenia is broadly based on the mentioned key characteristics. Although it appears to be obvious, it should be noted that some features may be very variable, and because of this we should rely on collections with specimens in good condition and reasonably abundant. Otherwise, if we have to take into account all variations, many of them product of malformations by injury, the key would become useless and unwieldy. 1. Perithecium bearing some kind of apical outgrowths....................................................................... 2 – Perithecium without apical outgrowths............................................................................................ 4 2. Two apical outgrowths on the perithecium; the anterior short, arcuate, the posterior longer, straight but hooked on the top. On Gyrinus Geoffroy, 1762 and allied genera (Col. Gyrinidae).................................................................................................................................................. L. gyrinicola Speg. – Only one solitary outgrowth. On other hosts.................................................................................... 3 3. Outgrowth subapical, horn-like, darkened (may be very short!). Insertion cell not evident, reduced to a groove. Septum IV–V connected with septum III–IV. On the distal part of elytra of Bembidion subgenus Notaphus Dejean, 1821 (Col. Carabidae)............................................... L. cornuta Thaxt. – Outgrowth apical, horn-like, pale. Insertion cell flattened, darkened, and clearly distinguished from surrounding cells. Septum IV–V not connected with septum III–IV. Grows hidden near the pygidium in Dromius (Col. Carabidae).......................................................................... L. hyalopoda De Kesel 4. Insertion cell colourless, not darkened, or not distinctly contrasting with surrounding cells, or absent, sometimes reduced to a groove......................................................................................................... 5 – Insertion cell flattened, darkened, clearly distinguished from surrounding cells........................... 12 5. Receptacle four-celled, because cells III and IV are not separated. On Sphaerius acaroides (Col. Sphaeriusidae)..................................................................................................... L. sphaerii Santam. – Receptacle five-celled as usual. On other hosts............................................................................... 6 6. Cell V divided, proliferating into up to eight cells gradually decreasing in size, each giving rise to secondary appendages. On Chlaenius Bonelli, 1810 and allied genera (Col. Carabidae).... L. fasciculata Peyr. – Cell V not divided............................................................................................................................. 7 7. Septum IV–V not connected with septum III–IV. Cell V shorter than cell IV. Receptacle distinctly constricted between cells II and III/IV. On Bembidion Latreille, 1802 (Col. Carabidae)....................................................................................................... L. murmanica Huldén – Septum IV–V connected with septum III–IV. Cell V as long as cell IV.......................................... 8 8. Primary appendage compact, without distinction between outer and inner appendages. On Cafius Stephens, 1829 and allied genera (Col. Staphylinidae Staphylininae)......................... L. cafii Thaxt. – Primary appendage separated into the two characteristic sets, i.e., the inner and outer appendages, each with respective basal cells (sometimes young thalli need to be studied; overmature or old thalli may have deteriorated appendages where this feature is difficult to see)......................................... 9 9. Perithecium free, measuring more than the half of the total length of the thallus. Primary septum or insertion cell located below the lowermost perithecial outer wall cells (w 1). On legs, typically on tarsi of Bembidion (Col. Carabidae)............................................................................... L. curtipes Thaxt. – Perithecium not free, shorter. Primary septum above w 1 cells....................................................... 10 10. Cell IV longer than cell III. On Bembidion (Col. Carabidae)................................ L. luxurians Peyr. – Cell III longer than cell IV............................................................................................................... 11 11. Perithecial apex rounded, symmetric, with undistinguished lips. Preostiolar spots undefined but replaced with a subapical dark suffusion. On Cillenus lateralis (Col. Carabidae)................................................................................................................................................... L. lichtensteinii F.Picard – Perithecial apex acute, asymmetric, with distinct lips. Preostiolar spots absent. On Bledius (Col. Staphylinidae Oxytelinae)............................................................................... L. parriaudii Balazuc 12. Septum IV–V connected with septum III–IV................................................................................. 13 – Septum IV–V not connected with septum III–IV........................................................................... 22 13. Outer appendage unbranched, exceeding in length the perithecial apex........................................ 14 – Outer appendage branched or, if unusually simple, then short, not exceeding the perithecial apex, or hardly discernible from inner appendage....................................................................................... 15 14. Appendages bent towards perithecium. Dorsal margin of perithecium straight, ventral margin curved. Cell V very narrow. On the prothorax margin of Pterostichus subgenus Argutor Dejean, 1821 (Col. Carabidae)......................................................................................................... L. kajanensis Huldén – Outer appendage straight to flexuous, never bent towards perithecium. Outer and inner margins of perithecium curved. Cell V as broad as cell IV. On Olisthopus Dejean, 1828 (Col. Carabidae)............................................................................................................... L. olisthopi Speg. 15. Appendages with the 2–3 lower cells inflated and separated by thick and dark septa. Cell I showing a blackish lateral swelling above the foot. On Philonthus and allied genera (Col. Staphylinidae Staphylininae)....................................................................................................... L. philonthi Thaxt. – Otherwise........................................................................................................................................ 16 16. Some dorsal septa above the basal cell of outer appendage distinctly blackened and constricted.............................................................................................................................................................. 17 – Not such septa above the basal cell of outer appendage. Thalli very pale, yellowish brown, with the two preostiolar spots of the perithecium merged into a contrasting black ring. On Ophonus Dejean, 1821 and allied genera (Col. Carabidae)................................................................. L. ophoni Thaxt. 17. Insertion cell free, separated from perithecial wall. On Clivina Latreille, 1802 (Col. Carabidae)............................................................................................................. L. clivinalis Thaxt. – Insertion cell or cell V connected along its whole length to the perithecium................................. 18 18. Outer appendage consisting of 2–3 straight, long branches, arising from the suprabasal cell which bears an additional dark reddish-brown branch. On Paederus Fabricius, 1775 and relatives (Col. Staphylinidae Paederinae)...................................................................................... L. cristata Thaxt. – Different.......................................................................................................................................... 19 19. Perithecium showing 1–3 swellings or protuberances on its lower third or broadest part (septa between w 1 and w 2). On Col. Carabidae Tachyina like Tachys Dejean, 1821 and allied genera............................................................................................................................................................ L. egens Speg. – Perithecium without such protuberances........................................................................................ 20 20. Cell II with parallel margins, somewhat constricted towards the upper part. Thallus olive brown, with darker to almost hyaline areas. Outer appendage having the septa between the basal and suprabasal cells and between this and next outer cell thickened, black and constricted. On Bembidion and Dyschirius (Col. Carabidae).............................................................................. L. pedicellata Thaxt. – Cell II with divergent margins, not constricted upwards. Thallus almost uniform yellowish-amber. Outer appendage only with the septum between the basal cell and the posterior branch thickened, black and constricted. On other hosts............................................................................................. 21 21. Outer appendage basal cell bulging outwards, as long or longer than cell IV. Receptacle bent outwards. On Cafius (Col. Staphylinidae Staphylininae)................................ L. littoralis De Kesel & Haelew. – Outer appendage basal cell slightly inflated outwards, shorter than cell IV. Dorsal side of receptacle straight to slightly concave. On Pogonus Dejean, 1821 (Col. Carabidae).................................................................................................................................................. L. slackensis Cépède & F.Picard 22. Outer appendage unbranched (rarely branched from 3 rd cell or above if injured).......................... 23 – Outer appendage branched (usually from basal or suprabasal cells of appendage)....................... 41 23. Dioecious. A seven-celled male thallus is paired to a female thallus, attached by the blackened feet. The terminal cell functions as an antheridium. The three distal septa darkened and constricted. Typically on Acupalpus (Col. Carabidae)................................................................. L. inflata Thaxt. – Monoecious. If some reduced thalli paired to females are present, characteristics are different (see L. lecoareri).................................................................................................................................... 24 24. Cell V totally or partially free from perithecium, or insertion cell separated from perithecial wall........................................................................................................................................................... 25 – Cell V and insertion cell attached to perithecial wall..................................................................... 27 25. Inner appendage absent. On Trechoblemus micros (Col. Carabidae)............................................................................................................................................................... L. lecoareri (Balazuc) Huldén – Inner appendage present................................................................................................................. 26 26. Inner appendage consisting of a small basal cell supporting two unbranched or once ramified branches bearing pairs or clusters of antheridia; sometimes with elongated sterile branches. On Amara Bonelli, 1810 (Col. Carabidae).............................................................................. L. aubryi Balazuc – Inner appendage consisting of a small basal cell supporting two once ramified branches (rarely a 3 rd branch may be present), in total four branches (or six if 3 rd branch is present). Each branch gives rise to a simple three-celled appendage where the terminal cell is an antheridium bearing a long and asymmetric neck. On or near the pygidium of Syntomus (Col. Carabidae)........... L. pygidicola Santam. sp. nov. 27. Inner appendage with long branches supporting lateral paired or solitary brownish antheridia near the base. On Leistus Frölich, 1799 (Col. Carabidae)................... L. leisti J.Siemaszko & Siemaszko – Inner appendage with short branches not exceeding the perithecial apex...................................... 28 28. Thallus small, total length from foot to perithecial apex less than 100 µm. On Corylophus cassidoides (Col. Corylophidae)....................................................................................... L. corylophi Scheloske – Thallus longer, more than 100 µm from foot to perithecial apex (not considering growth forms found on tarsi or antennae of hosts).......................................................................................................... 29 29. Appendages bent towards perithecium. Dorsal margin of perithecium straight, ventral margin curved. Cell V, Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 120-126, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Robin C. P. 1853. Histoire Naturelle des Vegetaux Parasites qui Croissent sur l'Homme et sur les Animaux Vivants. J. B. Bailliere, Paris. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59045","Giard A. 1892. Sur une Laboulbeniacee (Thaxteria kunckeli nov. gen. et sp.), parasite de Mormolyce phyllodes Hagen. Comptes-Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances et Memoires de la Societe de Biologie et de ses filiales, Paris 44: 156 - 158.","Thaxter R. 1901 a. Preliminary diagnoses of new species of Laboulbeniaceae. III. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 36 (23): 397 - 414. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20021044","Spegazzini C. 1912. Contribucion al estudio de las Laboulbeniomicetas argentinas. 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New and remarkable species of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Spain. Nova Hedwigia 110 (3 - 4): 347 - 367. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / nova _ hedwigia / 2020 / 0577","Haelewaters D. & De Kesel A. 2020. Checklist of thallus - forming Laboulbeniomycetes from Belgium and the Netherlands, including Hesperomyces halyziae and Laboulbenia quarantenae spp. nov. MycoKeys 71: 23 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / mycokeys. 71.53421","Kong P., Try Y. & Rossi W. 2020. New species and new records of Laboulbenia (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales) from Cambodia. Phytotaxa 474 (2): 119 - 131. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 474.2.2","Haelewaters D., Dima B., Brandrud T. E., et al. 2021. Fungal Systematics and Evolution: FUSE 7. Sydowia 73: 271 - 339. https: // doi. org / 10.12905 / 0380. sydowia 73 - 2021 - 0271","Spegazzini C. 1917. Revision de las Laboulbeniales argentinas. Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires 29: 445 - 688.","Majewski T. 1994 b. 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Laboulbenia eubradycelli Huldén MB#104409 Fig. 31A, 104B Karstenia 25: 4 (Huldén 1985). – Type: “Slide L. Huldén 1. On Bradycellus caucasicus. Collecting data of the host: Finland. Ab: Lohja, 7.V.1983 Luther (holotype)”; MZH. Laboulbenia bradycelli Balazuc ex Balazuc (Santamaria et al. 1991: 22) [MB#355012] Laboulbenia bradycelli Balazuc (Balazuc 1974a: 15) (nom. inval.) [Not registered in MycoBank] Diagnostic features Cell V obtriangular, distinctively paler than its surroundings, half or less of the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage unbranched, with some cells darker; up to 400 µm long. Inner appendage consisting of a basal cell half as long and narrower than basal cell of outer appendage, supporting 1–2 short, once divided branches each bearing 1–2 terminal antheridia. Perithecial apex strongly asymmetrical and truncated. Ventral margin of the perithecium exhibiting some elevations (Fig. 31A, arrows). [Detailed descriptions: Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts This species has been reported on Bradycellus and Trichocellus (Col. Carabidae) from many countries in Europe: France (Balazuc 1974a), Poland (Majewski 1981), Russia, Finland (Huldén 1983), Spain (Balazuc et al. 1983), United Kingdom, Italy, Belgium, Norway, Germany, Sweden (Huldén 1985), Czech Republic (Rossi & Máca 2006), Denmark (Høier 2009), Switzerland (Hoess & Senn-Irlet 2009), Slovakia (Rossi et al. 2010), the Netherlands (Haelewaters et al. 2012), and Bulgaria (Rossi et al. 2019a). Also from Madeira (Huldén 1985) and Mexico (Santamaria et al. 1991). Collections examined from Denmark On Bradycellus caucasicus (Chaudoir, 1846) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Rødbyhavn; 54°39.569′ N, 11°21.958′ E; PF55; 15 Sep. 2006; JP 76; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122551 • ibid.; 17 May 2009; JP 58; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122533. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Jarsskov; 55°9.108′ N, 11°46.800′ E; PG71; 21 Dec. 2003; P.N. Buhl 184; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122663. – Vestjylland (WJ) • Simmelmose; 55°46.255′ N, 9°3.535′ E; NG08; 1 May 2001; H. Liljehult 195; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122674. On Bradycellus csikii Laczó, 1912 (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Rødbyhavn; 54°39.569′ N, 11°21.958′ E; PF55; 31 May 2009; JP 59; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122534. – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Bønderskoven i Tofte Skov; 56°49.955′ N, 10°14.981′ E; NH79; 8–22 Aug. 2013; I. Aggerholm 930; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123430 • ibid.; I. Aggerholm 943; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123447 • Knarmod i Tofte Skov; 56°51.824′ N, 10°15.470′ E; NJ70; 22 Aug.–5 Sep. 2013; I. Aggerholm 949; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123455 • Toftgården i Tofte Skov; 56°50.789′ N, 10°12.918′ E; NJ70; 22 Aug.–5 Sep. 2013; I. Aggerholm 946; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123451. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Maglesø Plantage; 55°38.136′ N, 11°41.186′ E; PG66; 18 Feb. 2017; JP 285; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122764. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.235′ N, 12°6.280′ E; UA19; 14 Jan. 2012; JP 543; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123027. On Bradycellus harpalinus (Audinet-Serville, 1821) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Dueodde; 54°59.442′ N, 15°4.510′ E; WA09; 2 Jul. 2007; JP 71; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122546. – Østjylland (EJ) • Hampen Sø; 56°1.082′ N, 9°23.149′ E; NH20; 21 Mar. 2014; JP 436; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122921. – Fyn (F) • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2 Apr. 2014; JP 705; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123195. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Bøtø Plantage; 54°37.629′ N, 11°57.661′ E; PF95; 17 May 2017; JP 414; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122898 • Løgnor; 54°47.069′ N, 11°48.697′ E; PF87; 5 Nov. 2006; JP 1458; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124009. – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Bønderskoven i Tofte Skov; 56°49.955′ N, 10°14.981′ E; NH79; 8–22 Aug. 2013; I. Aggerholm 931; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123431 • Engskoven i Tofte Skov; 56°51.525′ N, 10°15.065′ E; NJ70; 25 Apr. 2009; JP 193; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122672. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Dyrehaven; 55°47.347′ N, 12°33.957′ E; UB48; 1 Jan. 2017; H. Liljehult 283; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122762 • ibid.; 20 Apr. 2017; H. Liljehult 274; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122753 • Gilbjerghoved; 56°7.389′ N, 12°16.478′ E; UC32; 11 Mar. 2017; L. Kjaer-Thomsen 1040; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123556 • Liseleje; 56°1.048′ N, 11°58.454′ E; PH81; 30 Oct. 2016; JP 133; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122609 • Ryegård Dyrehave; 55°40.500′ N, 11°50.851′ E; PG77; 2 Dec. 2014; JP 345; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122827 • Skodsborg Dam i Jaegersborg Hegn; 55°49.068′ N, 12°33.937′ E; UB48; 18 Nov. 2018; JP 1239; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123766 • Stampeskov ved Rådvad; 55°48.332′ N, 12°33.138′ E; UB48; 28.22017; H. Liljehult 360; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122843 • Syd for Løjesø i Rude Skov; 55°49.866′ N, 12°28.551′ E; UB49; 12 Apr. 2018; JP 1029; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123541 • Vest for Trørød; 55°50.223′ N, 12°31.185′ E; UB49; 30 Mar. 2019; JP 1405; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123951. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 885; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123383. – Sydjylland (SJ) • Lakolk; 55°8.325′ N, 8°29.618′ E; MG61; 1 Nov. 2013; JP 225; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122706 • Sønderstrand på Rømø; 55°6.373′ N, 8°29.380′ E; MG60; 25 Oct. 2017; H. Liljehult 617; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123105. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Åshøje Overdrev; 55°26.368′ N, 12°6.359′ E; UB14; 6 Oct. 2018; L. Kjaer-Thomsen & L. Thomas 1236; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123763. – Vestjylland (WJ) • Blåvand; 55°33.418′ N, 8°5.193′ E; MG45; 29 Aug.–13 Sep. 2014; E. Vesterhede & F. Vilhelmsen 110; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122587 • Simmelmose; 55°46.255′ N, 9°3.535′ E; NG08; 1 May 2001; H. Liljehult 194; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122673 • Velling; 56°3.078′ N, 8°18.596′ E; MH51; 16 Dec. 2018; JP 1256; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123784. On Bradycellus ruficollis (Stephens, 1828) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Asserbo Plantage; 56°1.794′ N, 12°1.589′ E; UC11; 15 Oct. 2017; JP 575; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123061. – Vestjylland (WJ) • Myrtue; 55°33.859′ N, 8°17.845′ E; MG55; 21 May 2017; JP 423; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122908. On Bradycellus verbasci (Duftschmid, 1812) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Gedesby; 54°35.290′ N, 11°58.199′ E; UA17; 20 Aug.–5 Sep. 2013; E. Vesterhede 186; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122665 • Mellemskoven; 54°47.633′ N, 12°4.370′ E; UA17; 20 Aug.–5 Sep. 2013; E. Vesterhede 190; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122669 • Møns Klint, Syd; 54°56.806′ N, 12°32.340′ E; UA49; 25 Jul.–15 Aug. 2013; O. Karsholt 187; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122666 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1317; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123853. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Amager Faelled; 55°39.168′ N, 12°34.750′ E; UB47; 14 Apr. 2001; H. Liljehult 387; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122870 • Botanisk Have i København; 55°41.214′ N, 12°34.289′ E; UB47; 18–25 Jul. 2013; JP & O. Karsholt 192; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122671, C-F-122775 • København Ø.; 55°42.151′ N, 12°33.576′ E; UB47; 19–27 Aug. 2013; JP & O. Karsholt 191; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122670 • Nordøst for Bispebjerg Station; 55°42.508′ N, 12°32.786′ E; UB47; 22 Aug. 2016; JP 119; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122596. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 884; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123382 • ibid.; 27 Dec. 2016; H. Liljehult 392; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122875. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.572′ N, 12°6.715′ E; UA19; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1284; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123816. – Vestjylland (WJ) • Blåvand; 55°33.418′ N, 8°5.193′ E; MG45; 29 Aug.–13 Sep. 2014; E. Vesterhede & F. Vilhelmsen 109; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122586 • Ho; 55°33.304′ N, 8°12.945′ E; MG55; 27 Aug.–6 Sep. 2013; E. Vesterhede & F. Vilhelmsen 234; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122714 • Sønder Resen Naturpark; 56°22.404′ N, 9°4.786′ E; NH04; 23 Mar. 2019; L. Kjaer-Thomsen & L. Thomas 1402; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123948. On Trichocellus cognatus (Gyllenhal, 1827) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Vesterlyng; 55°44.548′ N, 11°18.285′ E; PG47; 4 Nov. 2017; J. Søgaard Hansen 1041; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123557. On Trichocellus placidus (Gyllenhal, 1827) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Hampen Sø; 56°1.082′ N, 9°23.149′ E; NH20; 21 Mar. 2014; JP 435; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122920 • Havnen i Randers; 56°27.687′ N, 10°3.546′ E; NH65; 19 May 2013; JP 372; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122855 • Klostermølle; 56°2.432′ N, 9°41.629′ E; NH41; 16 May 2014; JP 312; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122791 • Lindholm Hoved i Mossø; 56°2.772′ N, 9°42.809′ E; NH41; 18 Jan. 2015; JP & H. Liljehult 514; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122997 • Serup Skov; 56°14.504′ N, 9°28.051′ E; NH23; 26 Mar. 2017; JP 241; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122721 • Ørnsø ved Silkeborg; 56°9.446′ N, 9°31.488′ E; NH32; 11 Mar. 2017; JP 276; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122755 • Tange å vest for Kjellerup; 56°17.959′ N, 9°23.462′ E; NH23; 17 Feb. 2018; JP 979; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123486 • Viemose ved Ringkloster; 56°0.632′ N, 9°57.400′ E; NH50; 12 Mar. 2017; JP 530; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123014. – Fyn (F) • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2Apr. 2014; JP 704; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123194 • Rishave; 55°33.475′ N, 10°24.013′ E; NG85; 19 Apr. 2018; JP 1074; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123592 • Sydøst for Humble; 54°49.077′ N, 10°43.349′ E; PF17; 5 Oct. 2016; JP 131; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122607. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Naesby Strand; 54°44.625′ N, 11°4.539′ E; PF36; 23 Feb. 2014; JP 549; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123035 • Ulvshale; 55°2.636′ N, 12°15.638′ E; UB20; 26 May 2018; JP 1112; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123631 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1318; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123854. – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Syd for Krogsagergård; 56°37.534′ N, 9°45.551′ E; NH47; 24 Nov. 2019; JP 1554; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124315. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Engen ud for Kongelunden; 55°34.244′ N, 12°33.668′ E; UB46; 20 Jan. 2017; H. Liljehult 280; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122759 • Eriksholm Skov; 55°41.771′ N, 11°47.912′ E; PG77; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 736; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123229 • Faergelunden; 55°50.540′ N, 12°1.735′ E; UB19; 16 Nov. 2013; JP 591; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123080 • Gurre Vang; 56°1.470′ N, 12°29.486′ E; UC41; 14 Apr. 2017; JP 268; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122747 • Kagsmose; 55°42.698′ N, 12°27.378′ E; UB47; 12 Mar. 2015; H. Liljehult 189; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122668 • Skodsborg Dam i Jaegersborg Hegn; 55°49.068′ N, 12°33.937′ E; UB48; 18 Nov. 2018; JP 1240; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123767 • Utterslev Mose; 55°42.775′ N, 12°30.443′ E; UB47; 25 May 2013; JP 185; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122664. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Fiskbaek Å ved Fiskbaek; 56°30.762′ N, 9°18.258′ E; NH16; 24 Nov. 2019; JP 1547; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124308 • Gammelgård på Fur; 56°50.314′ N, 8°58.971′ E; MH99; 22 Nov. 2013; JP 421; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122905 • Nord for Landting ved Vinderup; 56°30.049′ N, 8°45.384′ E; MH86; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 568; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123054 • Syd for Stårup; 56°34.792′ N, 9°5.958′ E; NH07; 6 Feb. 2015; JP 375; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122858. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 883; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123381 • Flasken nord for Reersø; 55°31.965′ N, 11°9.831′ E; PG35; 26 Jan. 2014; JP 606; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123095 • Nordbredden af Tissø ved Halleby Å’s udløb; 55°35.602′ N, 11°18.532′ E; PG46; 18 Feb. 2017; JP 385; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122868 • Saltbaek; 55°44.625′ N, 11°6.633′ E; PG37; 19 Jan. 2019; L. Kjaer-Thomsen & L. Thomas 1343; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123882 • Sonnerup Skov; 55°56.643′ N, 11°34.213′ E; PH60; 1 Apr. 2017; JP 251; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122731. – Sydjylland (SJ) • Lakolk; 55°8.325′ N, 8°29.618′ E; MG61; 31 May 2013; H. Liljehult 294; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122773 • Sølsted Mose; 55°1.829′ N, 8°50.351′ E; MF89; 2 Jun. 2013; JP 485; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122969 • Store Søgård Sø; 54°56.251′ N, 9°27.063′ E; NF28; 23 Apr. 2000; H. Liljehult 328; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122806. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Denderup Sø i Denderup Vaenge; 55°15.075′ N, 11°57.366′ E; PG82; 5 May 2016; JP 491; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122975 • Gammel Kalvehave; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 24 Mar. 2018; JP 1005; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123512 • Krobaek i Sjolte Skov; 55°10.772′ N, 12°0.863′ E; UB11; 28 Feb. 2015; JP 446; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122931 • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.572′ N, 12°6.715′ E; UA19; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1285; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123817 • ibid.; 54°59.235′ N, 12°6.280′ E; UA19; 14 Jan. 2012; JP 542; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123026 • Sorø, Kristiansminde; 55°25.115′ N, 11°35.209′ E; PG64; 1–15 Aug. 2013; JP 528; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123012 • Storskov syd for Sparresholm; 55°13.234′ N, 11°57.463′ E; PG82; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1387; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123930 • Tryggevaelde Å ved Varpelev; 55°21.055′ N, 12°15.877′ E; UB23; 6 Jan. 2018; JP 1586; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124347. – Vestjylland (WJ) • Velling; 56°3.078′ N, 8°18.596′ E; MH51; 16 Dec. 2018; JP 1255; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123783. Remarks Huldén (1985) described and separated this species from L. bradycelli, but now there is little doubt that L. eubradycelli and L. bradycelli are conspecific. Because L. eubradycelli was legitimately described before L. bradycelli it has priority according to Code rules. This is a variable species, extremely common in Denmark, perhaps a collective species, including some undescribed taxa (De Kesel 1997)., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 147-150, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Hulden L. 1985. Floristic notes on Palaearctic Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes). Karstenia 25: 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 1985.231","Santamaria S., Balazuc J. & Tavares I. I. 1991. Distribution of the European Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina). An annotated list of species. Treballs de l'Institut Botanic de Barcelona 14: 1 - 123.","Balazuc J. 1974 a. Laboulbeniales de France (suite). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 43 (1): 12 - 21.","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Majewski T. 1981. Rare and new Laboulbeniales from Poland. VI. Acta Mycologica 16 (1): 141 - 153. https: // doi. org / 10.5586 / am. 1980.010","Hulden L. 1983. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Finland and adjacent parts of the U. S. S. R. Karstenia 23 (2): 31 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 1983.221","Balazuc J., Espadaler X. & Girbal J. 1983. Laboulbenials (Ascomicets) iberiques, II. Noves aportacions. Collectanea botanica 14: 39 - 42.","Rossi W. & Maca J. 2006. Notes on the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) from the Czech Republic. Sydowia 58 (1): 110 - 124.","Hoier J. 2009. Laboul-speciale. Heterocerus, NYhedsbrev for Danske Coleopterologer 19: 11 - 16.","Hoess R. & Senn-Irlet B. 2009. Qualitative and quantitative infestation of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) by parasitic fungi (Ascomycetes: Laboulbeniales) in Switzerland. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 82 (1 - 2): 103 - 142.","Rossi W., Maca J. & Vavra J. 2010. New records of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Polish Botanical Studies 55 (2): 343 - 351.","Haelewaters D., Nuytinck J. & De Kesel A. 2012. Laboulbeniales in Nederland: een introductie. Natuurhistorisch Maandblad. 101 (5): 88 - 93.","Rossi W., Gueorguiev B., Georgiev G. & Stoianova D. 2019 a. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Bulgaria and other countries. Plant Biosystems 153 (1): 48 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11263504.2018.1454531","De Kesel A. 1997. Flora van de Laboulbeniales van Belgie. PhD thesis, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgie."]}

Laboulbenia rougetii Mont. & C.P.Robin MB#245803 Fig. 43A–B Histoire naturelle des végétaux parasites qui croissent sur l’homme et sur les animaux vivants: 622 (Robin 1853). – Type: [Not designated] [Ind. loc.] [Type lost?!] “In antennis, thorace, pedibus et elytris Brachini crepitantis L., B. explodentis Duftschmidt, et B. sclopetae Fabricius ”. Laboulbenia europaea Thaxt. (Thaxter 1893: 167) [MB#186192] Diagnostic features Thallus reddish-brown. Cell V oval or obtriangular, half the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage with the dorsal margin of lower part variably darkened, once branched above the suprabasal cell. Inner appendage of immature thalli consisting of a basal cell and a suprabasal cell which supports two simple branches bearing each a pair of antheridia which as the thallus matures will be replaced with sterile and fertile elongate branches bearing lateral solitary or paired darkened antheridia (Fig. 43B, an). Basal cell of inner appendage half as long than basal cell of outer appendage. [Detailed descriptions: Thaxter 1896; Sugiyama & Yamamoto 1982; Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts Occurs mostly on Brachinus, Anchomenus, Aptinus Bonelli, 1810, Chlaenius and other genera. Common and widespread in Europe (including Denmark, by Rostrup 1935), Africa, Asia as well as in Oceania (New Zealand) (Santamaria et al. 1991; Majewski 2008). Records from America probably belong to L. flagellata because it is broadly accepted that L. rougetii does not exist in America. Recent new records are from Sweden (Huggert 2010), Turkey (Rossi 2016), Bulgaria (Rossi et al. 2019a), Slovakia (Rossi et al. 2019b), Cambodia, and Kenya (Kong et al. 2020). Collections examined from Denmark On Brachinus crepitans (Linnaeus, 1758) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Sose; 55°2.801′ N, 14°50.722′ E; VB90; 4 Aug. 2008; Mo. Hansen Dry0051; Mo. Hansen det.; ZMUC C-F-124117. Remarks Laboulbenia rougetii is the type of the genus and the first species of Laboulbeniales to be described. Does not differ greatly from L. flagellata and seems to have been confused with it by some authors, at least those records of L. rougetii on carabids like e.g., Agonum spp. Indeed, the differences between both species are few, and without knowing the identity of the hosts they are not easily distinguished. Laboulbenia rougetii shows thalli with reddish shades whereas L. flagellata lacks this colour. The ecological niche that L. rougetii occupies on Brachinus in most of the world is replaced by L. texana Thaxt. in America., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on page 201, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Robin C. P. 1853. Histoire Naturelle des Vegetaux Parasites qui Croissent sur l'Homme et sur les Animaux Vivants. J. B. Bailliere, Paris. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59045","Thaxter R. 1893. New species of Laboulbeniaceae from various localities. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 28 (10): 156 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20020515","Thaxter R. 1896. Contribution towards a monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 12 (3): 187 - 429.","Sugiyama K. & Yamamoto H. 1982. Notes on the Laboulbeniomycetes (Ascomycotina) in Borneo I. Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan 23: 119 - 130.","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Rostrup O. 1935. Bidrag til Danmarks Svampeflora. II. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 8 (8): 1 - 74.","Santamaria S., Balazuc J. & Tavares I. I. 1991. Distribution of the European Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina). An annotated list of species. Treballs de l'Institut Botanic de Barcelona 14: 1 - 123.","Majewski T. 2008. Laboulbeniales. In: Chlebicki A. (ed.) Atlas of the Geographical Distribution of Fungi in Poland 4: 1 - 240. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow.","Huggert L. 2010. Laboulbeniales i Sverige. Ove Eriksson (ed.). Umea University, Umea.","Rossi W. 2016. Contribution to the knowledge of the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Turkey. Webbia 71 (2): 265 - 276. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00837792.2016.1222668","Rossi W., Gueorguiev B., Georgiev G. & Stoianova D. 2019 a. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Bulgaria and other countries. Plant Biosystems 153 (1): 48 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11263504.2018.1454531","Rossi W., Vavra J. & Bartak M. 2019 b. New species and new records of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Nova Hedwigia 109 (1 - 2): 149 - 159. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / nova _ hedwigia / 2019 / 0522","Kong P., Try Y. & Rossi W. 2020. New species and new records of Laboulbenia (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales) from Cambodia. Phytotaxa 474 (2): 119 - 131. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 474.2.2"]}

Laboulbenia luxurians Peyr. MB#193932 Fig. 36G–I Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Wien. Mathematischnaturwissenschaftliche Classe. Abteilung 1 68: 248 (Peyritsch 1873). – Type: [Type lost?!] “ Auf Bembidium varium Oliv., und zwar sowohl den Flügeldecken als den Extremitäten”. [Austria, according to Balazuc 1974c] Laboulbenia compacta Thaxt. (Thaxter 1892: 37) [MB#242044] Laboulbenia confusa Thaxt. (Thaxter 1895: 476) [MB#241977] Laboulbenia marvinii Huldén (Huldén 1985: 8) [MB#104412] Diagnostic features Thallus stocky. Cell II broad and enlarged distally. Cell III flattened, strongly oblique. Cells IV and V larger; the outer margin of cell IV longer than the outer margin of cell III. Basal cells of primary appendage flattened. The two lower septa in the outer appendage dark and constricted. Insertion cell not blackened, with the same colour as surrounding cells (Fig. 36H, ic). [Detailed descriptions: Huldén 1985; Majewski & Sugiyama 1985; Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts Reported on Bembidion (Col. Carabidae), usually on members of the subgenus Notaphus. Widespread in Europe: Austria, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, Russia (Santamaria et al. 1991), Latvia (De Kesel & Krastina De Kesel 2006), Slovakia (Rossi & Máca 2006), the Netherlands (Haelewaters et al. 2014); Africa: Algeria (Maire 1920); America: USA (Thaxter 1892), Argentina (Thaxter 1912a); and Asia: Japan (Majewski & Sugiyama 1985). Collections examined from Denmark On Bembidion dentellum (Thunberg, 1787) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Skelsmyre i Rønne Plantage; 55°4.375′ N, 14 45.096′ E; VB80; 13 Jun. 1991; V. Mahler Dry0057; V. Mahler det.; ZMUC C-F-124123. On Bembidion varium (Olivier, 1795) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Ulvshale; 55°2.270′ N, 12°15.392′ E; UB20; 6 Jun. 2018; JP 1121; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123642. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Gammel Kalvehave; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 24 Mar. 2018; JP 1008; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123515 • Tryggevaelde Å ved Varpelev; 55 ° 21.055′ N, 12 ° 15.877′ E; UB23; 6 Jan. 2018; JP 1587; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124348. Remarks First record from Denmark. Often confused and sometimes synonymized with Laboulbenia pedicellata, however clearly differs from it by several features as: (1) the black spot on the upper dorsal side of cell I (Fig. 36G–H, arrows), (2) the cell III is distinctly shorter than cell IV (Fig. 36H), and (3) the insertion cell is not blackened as it usually occurs in most species of Laboulbenia (Fig. 36H, ic). In immature thalli, the typically crowded appendages appear to be leaning on the young perithecium where the trichogyne is found (Fig. 36I). Not all the diagnostic features reported here are present in the drawings associated with the short original description, i.e., cell III is not flattened and strongly oblique in Peyritsch (1873: fig. 10), which is the only mature thallus in which this cell is visible., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on page 175, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Peyritsch J. 1873. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Laboulbenien. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Classe, Abteilung 2 68 (1 - 5): 227 - 254.","Balazuc J. 1974 c. Laboulbeniales de France (suite). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 43 (3): 73 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1974.10108","Thaxter R. 1892. Further additions to the North American species of Laboulbeniaceae. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 27 (4): 29 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20020464","Thaxter R. 1895. Notes on Laboulbeniaceae, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 30 (20): 467 - 481. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20020600","Hulden L. 1985. Floristic notes on Palaearctic Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes). Karstenia 25: 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 1985.231","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Santamaria S., Balazuc J. & Tavares I. I. 1991. Distribution of the European Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina). An annotated list of species. Treballs de l'Institut Botanic de Barcelona 14: 1 - 123.","De Kesel A. & Krastina De Kesel I. 2006. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) from Latvia. Acta Mycologica 41 (1): 55 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.5586 / am. 2006.009","Rossi W. & Maca J. 2006. Notes on the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) from the Czech Republic. Sydowia 58 (1): 110 - 124.","Maire R. 1920. Troisieme contribution a l'etude des Laboulbeniales de l'Afrique du Nord. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 11 (8): 123 - 138, 143 - 170.","Thaxter R. 1912 a. New or critical Laboulbeniales from the Argentine. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 48 (7): 153 - 223. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20022824"]}

Laboulbenia argutoris Cépède & F.Picard MB#167376 Fig. 25A–B Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique 42: 260 (Cépède & Picard 1908). – Type: [Type lost!] “ Sur Pterostichus (Argutor) interstinctus Strm. bords de la Slack, Ambleteuse (Pas-de-Calais)”. [France] Diagnostic features Cell V much shorter than cell IV, not connected with cell III. Septum IV–V oblique, curved. Outer appendage unbranched, typically darkened, up to 400 µm long. Inner appendage consisting of a small basal cell typically giving rise to 2–3 superposed cells supporting paired terminal antheridia, although varying greatly with age, sometimes including additional antheridia and sterile branches of very variable length. [Detailed descriptions: Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts Known on Pterostichus (Col. Carabidae) in a broad sense (i.e., including subgenera like Argutor, Melanius, etc.) and other genera of the tribes Pterostichini (like Stomis Clairville, 1806 and Lagarus Chaudoir, 1838) and Patrobini (Patrobus). Reported from Europe: Austria, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, Russia (Santamaria et al. 1991), the Netherlands (Meijer 1975), Hungary (Bánhegyi et al. 1985), Belgium (De Kesel & Rammeloo 1992), United Kingdom (Weir & Beakes 1993), Spain (Santamaria 1995b), Portugal (Santamaria 1998), Lithuania (Markovskaja 2000), Latvia (De Kesel & Krastina De Kesel 2006), Czech Republic (Rossi & Máca 2006), Denmark (Høier 2009), and Bulgaria (Rossi et al. 2019a). Also in Japan (Santamaria et al. 1991). Collections examined from Denmark On Pterostichus diligens (Sturm, 1824) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Svartingedalen ved Baggeå; 55°11.740′ N, 14 45.260′ E; VB81; 23 Jun. 2018; JP 1159; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123685. – Østjylland (EJ) • Hampen Sø; 56°1.082′ N, 9°23.149′ E; NH20; 21 Mar. 2014; JP 434; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122919 • Høgdal; 56°6.449′ N, 9°36.941′ E; NH31; 11 Mar. 2017; JP 354; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122836 • Lindholm Hoved i Mossø; 56°2.772′ N, 9°42.809′ E; NH41; 18 Jan. 2015; JP & H. Liljehult 515; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122998. – Fyn (F) • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2 Apr. 2014; JP 702; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123191 • Rishave; 55°33.475′ N, 10°24.013′ E; NG85; 19 Apr. 2018; JP 1077; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123595. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Bøtø Plantage; 54°37.629′ N, 11°57.661′ E; PF95; 17 May 2017; JP 415; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122899 • Lysemose ved Maribo; 54°46.971′ N, 11°28.959′ E; PF57; 4 Jun. 2018; JP 1125; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123647 • Nyord; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 826; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123320 • Ulvshale; 55°2.636′ N, 12°15.638′ E; UB20; 26 May 2018; JP 1111; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123630 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1328; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123867. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Dragør Sydstrand; 55°35.177′ N, 12°39.996′ E; UB56; 18 Nov. 2018; L. Kjaer-Thomsen & L. Thomas 1246; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123774 • Eriksholm Skov; 55°41.771′ N, 11°47.912′ E; PG77; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 739; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123233 • Faergelunden; 55°50.540′ N, 12°1.735′ E; UB19; 16 Nov. 2013; JP 592; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123081 • Gurre Vang; 56°1.470′ N, 12°29.486′ E; UC41; 14 Apr. 2017; JP 264; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122743 • Indelukket ved Frederiksborg Slot; 55°56.191′ N, 12°17.861′ E; UC30; 19 Mar. 2017; JP 662; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123151 • Lyngen ved Ølstykke; 55°47.738′ N, 12°10.253′ E; UB28; 15 May 2013; JP 861; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123356 • Naerum; 55°49.077′ N, 12°32.686′ E; UB48; 1 Dec. 2019; JP 1568; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124328 • Nord for Risø; 55°42.184′ N, 12°6.692′ E; UB17; 14 Dec. 2013; R. Aagaard Jensen 625; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123114 • Tokkekøb Hegn; 55°52.334′ N, 12°22.229′ E; UB39; 12 Apr. 2018; JP 1027; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123537 • Ud for Kongelundsfortet; 55°33.724′ N, 12°33.731′ E; UB46; 15 Apr. 2018; JP 1053; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123569. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Nord for Landting ved Vinderup; 56°30.049′ N, 8°45.384′ E; MH86; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 564; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123050 • Syd for Stårup; 56°34.792′ N, 9°5.958′ E; NH07; 6 Feb. 2015; JP 216; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122696 • Vest for Vinderup; 56°28.727′ N, 8°44.810′ E; MH85; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 772; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123267. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 876; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123373 • Flasken nord for Reersø; 55°31.965′ N, 11°9.831′ E; PG35; 26 Jan. 2014; JP 613; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123101 • Flyndersø ved Dybesø; 55°58.151′ N, 11°45.621′ E; PH60; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 719; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123211 • Nordbredden af Skarresø; 55°39.425′ N, 11°22.998′ E; PG47; 1 May 2013; JP 859; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123354 • Nordøstbredden af Tissø; 55°35.612′ N, 11°18.461′ E; PG46; 1 May 2013; JP 759; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123253 • Vesterlyng; 55°44.195′ N, 11°17.276′ E; PG47; 9 Feb. 2014; JP 639; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123128. – Sydjylland (SJ) • Lakolk; 55°8.325′ N, 8°29.618′ E; MG61; 31 May 2013; JP 293; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122772 • Sølsted Mose; 55°1.829′ N, 8°50.351′ E; MF89; 2 Jun. 2013; JP 487; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122971 • Sønderstrand på Rømø; 55°6.373′ N, 8°29.380′ E; MG60; 25 Oct. 2017; H. Liljehult 616; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123104. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Even Bro; 55°8.694′ N, 12°0.601′ E; UB11; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1367; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123907 • Flommen ved Sorø; 55°25.957′ N, 11°34.477′ E; PG64; 25 Jul. 2009; JP 65; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122542 • Gammel Kalvehave; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 24 Mar. 2018; JP 1002; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123509 • ibid.; 25 Apr. 2019; JP 1446; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123994 • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.235′ N, 12°6.280′ E; UA19; 14 Jan. 2012; JP 540; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123024 • ibid.; 54°59.331′ N, 12°6.357′ E; UA19; 27 Mar. 2018; JP 1021; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123528 • ibid.; 54°59.572′ N, 12°6.715′ E; UA19; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1292; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123824 • Praestø; 55°6.913′ N, 12°2.035′ E; UB11; 25 Apr. 2019; JP 1436; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123983. – Vestjylland (WJ) • Velling; 56°3.078′ N, 8°18.596′ E; MH51; 16 Dec. 2018; JP 1253; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123781. On Pterostichus strenuus (Panzer, 1797) (Col. Carabidae) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Skelsmyre i Rønne Plantage; 55°4.375′ N, 14°45.096′ E; VB80; 25 Apr. 2014; H. Liljehult 233; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122713 • ibid.; JP 506; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122989. – Østjylland (EJ) • Funder Ådal; 56°7.650′ N, 9°29.806′ E; NH32; 25 Jun. 2010; Naturhistorisk Museum 35; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122510 • Kjellerup; 56°17.644′ N, 9°25.850′ E; NH23; 18 Nov. 2017; JP 825; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123319 • Klostermølle; 56°2.432′ N, 9°41.629′ E; NH41; 16 May 2014; JP 311; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122790 • Nørreris Skov; 56°13.608′ N, 10°2.289′ E; NH63; 6 Oct. 2012; JP 42; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122517 • Stidsmølle i Mattrup Skov; 55°55.455′ N, 9°33.811′ E; NG39; 19 Nov. 2017; JP 811; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123305 • Vingsted; 55°40.512′ N, 9°23.500′ E; NG27; 6 Oct. 2019; JP 1533; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124292. – Fyn (F) • Braendholt Bjerg; 55°20.928′ N, 10°8.712′ E; NG73; 18 May 2016; JP 90; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122565 • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2 Apr. 2014; JP 701; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123190 • Rishave; 55°33.475′ N, 10°24.013′ E; NG85; 19 Apr. 2018; JP 1076; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123594. – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Krenkerup Haveskov; 54°46.408′ N, 11°39.955′ E; PF77; 12 May 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 903; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123401 • ibid.; 7 Jun. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 898; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123396 • ibid.; 16 Jun. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 917; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123415 • ibid.; 8 Jul. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 904; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123402 • ibid.; 19 Jul. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 923; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123421 • ibid.; 29 Nov. 2014; JP 456; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122941 • Lysemose ved Maribo; 54°46.971′ N, 11°28.959′ E; PF57; 7 May 2017; JP 657; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123146 • Vest for Bandholm; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1327; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123866. – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Vandplasken ved Kaersgård Strand; 57°31.199′ N, 9°53.070′ E; NJ57; 21 Nov. 2017; JP 804; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123299. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Bispebjerg; 55°43.063′ N, 12°31.288′ E; UB47; 3 Nov. 2019; JP 1538; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124298 • Eriksholm Skov; 55°41.771′ N, 11°47.912′ E; PG77; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 738; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123232 • Faergelunden; 55°50.540′ N, 12°1.735′ E; UB19; 16 Nov. 2013; JP 593; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123082 • Gundsømagle; 55°43.398′ N, 12°10.842′ E; UB27; 6 Apr. 2019; L. Kjaer-Thomsen & L. Thomas 1400; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123946 • Gurre Slot; 56°1.171′ N, 12°30.313′ E; UC41; 24 Feb. 2019; L. Kjaer-Thomsen & L. Thomas 1394; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123937 • Indelukket ved Frederiksborg Slot; 55°56.191′ N, 12°17.861′ E; UC30; 12 Apr. 2016; JP 17; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122490 • Kagsmose; 55°42.698′ N, 12°27.378′ E; UB47; 19 Sep. 2013; H. Liljehult 298; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122777 • Naerum; 55°49.077′ N, 12°32.686′ E; UB48; 2 Dec. 2011; JP 475; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122959 • ibid.; 29 Apr. 2017; JP 403; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122886 • Nord for Risø; 55°42.184′ N, 12°6.692′ E; UB17; 14 Dec. 2013; R. Aagaard Jensen 624; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123113 • Skodsborg Dam i Jaegersborg Hegn; 55°49.068′ N, 12°33.937′ E; UB48; 18 Nov. 2018; JP 1237; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123764 • Smørum; 55°43.749′ N, 12°18.587′ E; UB37; 16 May 2017; JP 424; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122909 • Stampeskov ved Rådvad; 55°48.332′ N, 12°33.138′ E; UB48; 23 Mar. 2017; JP 471; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122955 • Vest for Trørød; 55°50.223′ N, 12°31.185′ E; UB49; 13 Nov. 2016; JP 137; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122613 • ibid.; 30 Mar. 2019; JP 1406; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123952. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Gammelgård på Fur; 56°50.314′ N, 8°58.971′ E; MH99; 22 Nov. 2013; JP 418; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122902 • Nord for Landting ved Vinderup; 56°30.049′ N, 8°45.384′ E; MH86; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 565; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123051 • Vest for Vinderup; 56°28.727′ N, 8°44.810′ E; MH85; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 771; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123266. – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 875; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123371 • Klintebjerg ved Klint; 55°57.351′ N, 11°34.463′ E; PH60; 1 May 2016; JP 55; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122530 • Nordbredden af Skarresø; 55°39.425′ N, 11°22.998′ E; PG47; 1 May 2013; JP 858; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123353 • Sonnerup Skov; 55°56.643′ N, 11°34.213′ E; PH60; 1 Apr. 2017; JP 250; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-12273. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Even Bro; 55°8.694′ N, 12°0.601′ E; UB11; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1366; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123906 • Gammel Kalvehave; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 24 Mar. 2018; JP 1003; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123510 • ibid.; 27 Apr. 2018; JP 1078; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123596 • ibid., 25 Apr. 2019; JP 1445; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123993 • Krobaek i Sjolte Skov; 55°10.772′ N, 12°0.863′ E; UB11; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1374; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123915 • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.572′ N, 12°6.715′ E; UA19; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1291; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123823 • Sorø, Kristiansminde; 55°25.115′ N, 11°35.209′ E; PG64; 22 Jul. 2013; H. Enghoff 306; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122785 • Villa Gallina i Hesede Skov; 55°16.335′ N, 11°56.850′ E; PG82; 8 Mar. 2015; JP 477; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122961. – Vestjylland (WJ) • Velling; 56°3.078′ N, 8°18.596′ E; MH51; 16 Dec. 2018; JP 1247; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123775 • ibid.; JP 1252; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123780. Remarks This is a species difficult to recognize without knowing the identity of the hosts. It lacks striking characteristics and can be confused with other species showing unbranched outer appendage like L. rigida Thaxt. and L. polyphaga Thaxt. The inner appendage changes with age, and a large series of thalli in good condition is needed to obtain some undamaged thalli showing this portion of the thallus as originally described. According to De Kesel et al. (2020) proliferation of inner appendage occurs more frequently in thalli from P. diligens than in those from P. strenuus., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on pages 126-130, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Cepede C. & Picard F. 1908. Contribution a la biologie et a la systematique des Laboulbeniacees de la flore francaise. Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique 42: 247 - 268.","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Santamaria S., Balazuc J. & Tavares I. I. 1991. Distribution of the European Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina). An annotated list of species. Treballs de l'Institut Botanic de Barcelona 14: 1 - 123.","Meijer J. 1975. Carabid (Coleoptera, Carabidae) Migration Studied with Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) as Biological Tags. Oecologia 19 (2): 99 - 103. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00369094","Banhegyi J., Toth S., Ubrizsy G. & Voros J. 1985. Laboulbeniomycetes. In: Eszter B., Alajos J. & Zoltan K. (eds) Magyarorszag mikroszkopikus gombainak hatarozokonyve 1 - 3: 674 - 700. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest.","De Kesel A. & Rammeloo J. 1992. Checklist of the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Belgium. Belgian Journal of Botany 124 (2): 204 - 214.","Weir A. & Beakes G. W. 1993. New British Laboulbeniales. Mycological Research 97 (9): 1045 - 1055. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0953 - 7562 (09) 80505 - 4","Santamaria S. 1995 b. New and interesting Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycotina) from Spain, III. Nova Hedwigia 61 (1 - 2): 65 - 83.","Markovskaja S. 2000. Data on Lithuanian Laboulbeniales. Botanica Lithuanica 6 (3): 299 - 311.","De Kesel A. & Krastina De Kesel I. 2006. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) from Latvia. Acta Mycologica 41 (1): 55 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.5586 / am. 2006.009","Rossi W. & Maca J. 2006. Notes on the Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) from the Czech Republic. Sydowia 58 (1): 110 - 124.","Hoier J. 2009. Laboul-speciale. Heterocerus, NYhedsbrev for Danske Coleopterologer 19: 11 - 16.","Rossi W., Gueorguiev B., Georgiev G. & Stoianova D. 2019 a. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Bulgaria and other countries. Plant Biosystems 153 (1): 48 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11263504.2018.1454531","De Kesel A., Gerstmans C. & Haelewaters D. 2020. Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium. Sterbeeckia 36: 3 - 143."]}

Laboulbenia philonthi Thaxt. MB#147868 Fig. 41A–B Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 28: 174 (Thaxter 1893). – Type: “ USA, Massachusetts, Belmont/Waltham, Waverley neighborhood, “ April 23, 1813 ” [sic], no collector, on Philonthus sp., slide FH 00313494 (5 adult thalli)”; FH. [lectotype designated in Haelewaters et al. 2015b: 468] Diagnostic features Often, cell I bears a blackish lateral swelling above the foot (Fig. 41A–B, arrows). Cell V oval, as long as cell IV, connected with septum III–IV. Outer appendage simple or branched, with the lower 2–3 cells short, inflated, and separated with thick blackened septa. Inner appendage profusely branched unilaterally above the basal cell, with branches similar to those of the outer appendage. Basal cells of inner and outer appendages similar. [Detailed descriptions: Thaxter 1896; Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998] Distribution and hosts Infects Col. Staphylinidae of the genus Philonthus and relatives (e.g., Spatulonthus, Paragabrius Coiffait, 1963, Oligotergus Bierig, 1937) from Europe: Spain, United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Italy, Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Greece; America: USA, Mexico, Guatemala, Uruguay, Argentina; Asia: Turkey and Korea (Majewski 2008). Recently recorded also from Ecuador (Proaño Castro & Rossi 2008), Trinidad & Tobago, Venezuela, Panama, Grenada, Canada (Haelewaters et al. 2015b), Bulgaria, Hungary (Rossi et al. 2019a), Slovakia (Rossi et al. 2019b), Slovenia (Rossi & Christian 2020), and Belgium (De Kesel et al. 2020). Collections examined from Denmark On Philonthus salinus Kiesenwetter, 1844 (Col. Staphylinidae Staphylininae) DENMARK – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Flasken nord for Reersø; 55°31.965′ N, 11°9.831′ E; PG35; 26 Jan. 2014; JP 605; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123094. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.572′ N, 12°6.715′ E; UA19; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1301; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123835. Remarks First record from Denmark. Because of its presence in the surrounding countries, the finding of L. philonthi in Denmark is far from surprising. The bulging of cell I is not found in all the thalli reported in the literature; so far we lack explanations of what factors favour its presence., Published as part of Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, pp. 1-425 in European Journal of Taxonomy 781 on page 195, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583, http://zenodo.org/record/5828924, {"references":["Thaxter R. 1893. New species of Laboulbeniaceae from various localities. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 28 (10): 156 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20020515","Haelewaters D., Zhao S. Y., De Kesel A., Handlin R. E., Royer I. R., Farrell B. D. & Pfister D. H. 2015 b. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) of the Boston Harbor Islands I: Species parasitizing Coccinellidae and Staphylinidae, with comments on typification. NorthEastern Naturalist 22 (3): 459 - 477. https: // doi. org / 10.1656 / 045.022.0304","Thaxter R. 1896. Contribution towards a monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 12 (3): 187 - 429.","Majewski T. 1994 b. The Laboulbeniales of Poland. Polish Botanical Studies 7: 1 - 466.","Santamaria S. 1998. Laboulbeniales, I. Laboulbenia. Flora Mycologica Iberica 4, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart","Majewski T. 2008. Laboulbeniales. In: Chlebicki A. (ed.) Atlas of the Geographical Distribution of Fungi in Poland 4: 1 - 240. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow.","Proano Castro A. C. & Rossi W. 2008. New records of Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycota) from Ecuador. In: Giachino P. M. (ed.) Biodiversity of South America I: 11 - 18. Memoirs on Biodiversity, World Biodiversity Association onlus, Verona.","Rossi W., Gueorguiev B., Georgiev G. & Stoianova D. 2019 a. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Bulgaria and other countries. Plant Biosystems 153 (1): 48 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11263504.2018.1454531","Rossi W., Vavra J. & Bartak M. 2019 b. New species and new records of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Nova Hedwigia 109 (1 - 2): 149 - 159. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / nova _ hedwigia / 2019 / 0522","Rossi W. & Christian E. 2020. Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) from Austria and neighbouring areas. Sydowia 72: 149 - 161.","De Kesel A., Gerstmans C. & Haelewaters D. 2020. Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium. Sterbeeckia 36: 3 - 143."]}

Four new species of Laboulbenia (Laboulbeniales, Ascomycota) occurring on Gerridae (Hemiptera, Insecta), a new host family, are described from six Central and South American countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela. The new species are Laboulbenia brachymetrae, L. cylindrostethi, L. neogerris, and L. tachygerris.

Sixteen species of the Laboulbeniales are reported for the first time from Cambodia. Among these fungi, Tettigomyces indeterminatus Thaxt. deserves special mention, recorded for the first time after its description. A few unpublished records of Laboulbenia idiostoma from other continents are also reported.

The following six new species of Laboulbeniales from China are described: Laboulbenia assingii, sp. nov., parasitic on Mimogonus, sp. (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae); L. rugosa, sp. nov., parasitic on Amerizus (Tiruka), spp. (Coleoptera, Carabidae); Rhachomyces latellae, sp. nov., parasitic on an unidentified cavernicolous Carabidae; R. spiralis, sp. nov., parasitic on Guizhaphaenops, sp. (Coleoptera, Carabidae); R. toledanoi, sp. nov., parasitic on Amerizus (Tiruka) perraulti Deuve (Coleoptera, Carabidae); Stigmatomyces ferrugineus, sp. nov., parasitic on Desmometopa, sp. (Diptera, Milichiidae).

Laboulbeniales is one of the most peculiar orders of Ascomycota. These fungi are characterized by an ectoparasitic life-style on arthropods, determinate growth, lack of an asexual stage, high species richness, and intractability to culture. The order Laboulbeniales, sister to Pyxidiophorales, has only recently been assigned a separate class, the Laboulbeniomycetes, based on very few ribosomal DNA sequences. So far, DNA isolations and PCR amplifications have proven difficult. Here, we provide details of isolation techniques and the application of commercially available kits that enable efficient and reliable genetic analyses of these fungi. We provide 43 newly generated Laboulbeniales ribosomal DNA sequences, among which are the first published sequences for species in the genera Gloeandromyces, Herpomyces, Laboulbenia, Monoicomyces, and Polyandromyces. DNA extractions were possible using from 1 to 30 thalli from hosts preserved in ethanol (70–100 %). In two cases, we successfully isolated DNA from thalli on dried insect collections. Laboulbeniales molecular systematics could be substantially enhanced through these improved methods by allowing more complete sampling of both taxa and gene regions.