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Therapeutic modalities that downregulate macrophage and endothelial production of eicosanoid mediators by displacing membrane arachidonic acid (20:4ω6) may benefit patients at increased risk of septic complications. The objective of this study in rats was to assess the incorporation of fish or olive oil fatty acids into hepatic Kupffer and endothelial (K&E) cell phospholipids after 4 d of continuous enteral feeding during endotoxemia. Either endotoxin (ETX) (0.5-1 mg-1 ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ day-1) or vehicle was infused intravenously during the last 72 h. Dietary fish and olive oil fatty acids were rapidly incorporated into both K&E and plasma phospholipids irrespective of ETX cotreatment. Rats infused with the fish oil-enriched diet had a significantly lower relative percent of both K&E linoleic acid (18:2ω6) and 20:4w6, whereas rats infused with the olive oil-enriched diet only had a lower relative percent of 1 8:2w6 compared with control rats receiving corn oil. Provision of specific dietary lipids by continuous enteral infusion may prove efficacious for the rapid modulation of hepatic sinusoidal cell membrane fatty acids under either normal or endotoxemic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study objective was to assess hepatic utilization of exogenous adenosine or adenine to enhance ATP recovery in rat liver after cold ischemia. ATP was measured noninvasively by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in perfused livers before and after 18 h of cold ischemia. The hepatocellular concentration of ATP during the initial postischemic reperfusion without adenosine or adenine coinfusion was 60% of that in fresh liver. The ATP increased significantly (P < 0.001) to 139% and 82% of baseline in postischemic livers coinfused for 90 mm with adenosine or adenine (final concentration, 1 mmol/L), respectively. Less than 0.5% of the excess adenosine was catabolized to uric acid. In conclusion, adenosine and, to a lesser extent, adenine are salvaged by liver after extended cold ischemia to enhance ATP restoration. Provision of these ATP precursors, as components of an enteral formulation may facilitate the repletion of liver ATP and foster early resumption of liver function after an ischemic insult. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]