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In the treatment of patients with confirmed diabetes mellitus diagnosis and causes of end-stage renal failure represent difficult problems because of their serious systemic complications. There is also disagreement about the advantage of dialysis we have applied. In our Institute over the last five years (until 1986) 20 patients were treated. We analysed the results of 18 patients: 14 on haemodialysis and 4 on intermittent peritoneal dialysis programme at the same time. During haemodialysis treatment the protein condition of the patients was improved and during peritoneal dialysis values of haematocrit and phosphorus. Medical complications were more frequent in the group on peritoneal dialysis. A-V shunt reconstructions were the most common reason of hospitalisation. The most frequent cause of death was hart failure. The survival rate was above the mean values in comparsion to other centres. We are satisfied with the results of treatment of these patients, but we also support the thesis that this is a very risky group of patients. For this moment we cannot adhere to any of these dialysis methods.