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The renal sonographic findings in six cases of neonatal candidiasis and 13 cases previously reported in the literature are reviewed. Focal and diffuse parenchymal changes and obstruction due to mycetoma formation were frequent features. In the current series the sonographic changes were found to bear an inconstant relationship to the probable time of onset of the infection. In addition, apparent sonographic deterioration occurred in neonates well after adequate antifungal treatment was initiated. In view of the potential toxicity of systemic antifungal therapy, sonographic renal parenchymal changes are not considered an adequate indication for either its initiation or its continuation.

In the Syrian hamster, administration of the drug streptozotocin was associated with an increased incidence and severity of renal amyloidosis. Some of the more severely affected animals showed a frankly nephrotic picture. Although some of the diseased animals showed decreased levels of serum albumin, no other definite changes in serum proteins were noted, nor was there any evidence of glomerular immunoglobulin or immune complex deposition. None of the lesions previously found after administration of streptozotocin in the Chinese hamster were encountered.

Renal diseases present with a wide array of symptoms. Cystinuria is likely to appear in childhood. IgA nephropathy is commonly seen in young patients, and may be a problem in the young adult male with recurrent gross hematuria. Lupus erythematosus is more likely to attack females, particularly in young adulthood. Membranous glomerulonephritis, a frequent cause of nephrotic syndrome in older patients, may be a clue to the presence of tumor. Polycystic kidney disease may present over a wide age span, beginning with the fourth decade. End-stage renal disease has a characteristic clinical spectrum regardless of etiology.