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Unlabelled: The kidney as an apo-exocrine organ has two important functions: the control of homeostasis and arterial blood pressure. Any pathological disorders witch alters the renal blood flow results in two consequences: renovascular hypertension and renal insufficiency. Renal revascularization looks for with priority the improvement of renal function; the good response and control of hypertension shall come after. The goals of this paper is to actualize the sophisticated diagnostic methods (Angiography, Eco-Doppler, AngioCT, AngioMR, Angioscopy; and the use of contrast potential-mediums), functionality tests (RN and MR with Captopril) and management (Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, simple or covered Stents, Embolizations, Occlusive balloons, Fibrinolysis and Trombus Aspiration; direct Arterial Surgery and renal Autotransplantation) of different renovascular diseases. (Blunt renal injuries, Stenosis, Aneurysms. A-V fistuls, Acute Occlusions or arterial and venous, Thrombosis. Nutcraker Syndrome). The possibility of the presence of an inverse venous Fraley's Syndrome is presented and discussed., Conclusions: A controversy of the last technical methods are established and discussed and a Guideline is recommended for each renal vascular disease.

The kidney is frequently involved in penetrating abdominal injuries, and less so in closed abdominal traumatism. This paper presents one case of major renal trauma with total renal fracture and development of urinoma that separated both segments that, after a minimally invasive manoeuvre (percutaneous drainage), evolved favourably thus avoiding a surgical procedure which, quite reasonably, would have led to nephrectomy.

Forty-three biopsies were performed between 30 and 60 min after reperfusion. Patients (22 males/21 females, mean age 41 +/- 12 years, mean donor age 32 +/- 14 years) were treated either with antilymphocytic globulin, cyclosporin, and prednisolone (24 cases), or OKT3, cyclosporin, and prednisolone (19 cases). Ten patients had delayed post-transplant renal function (DPRF), defined as haemodialysis requirements after surgery, and seven patients had acute rejection 11 +/- 16 days post-transplant. Kidneys were perfused with a hypertonic solution containing mannitol. All patients were followed up for at least 30 months. During follow-up, five patients lost their grafts due chronic rejection, two patients due to noncompliance and one due to recurrence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. One patient died from heart infarction. Biopsies were stained with H&E, Masson's trichrome, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and silver methenamine. Interstitial fibrosis, interstitial oedema, tubular vacuolization, and peritubular capillary oedema were measured using a semiquantitative scale. Five 400 x magnification micrographs of cortical interstitium from silver-methenamine-stained sections were used to measure percentage of interstitial surface with a morphometer. Interstitial surface was 18.7 +/- 6.2% (range 3.2-35.3%). A positive correlation was found between interstitial surface and donor age (r = 0.469, P = 0.0015). No relationship was found between warm and cold ischaemia times and tubular vacuolization or peritubular capillary oedema.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Extensive literature review on the current state of organs preservation; solutions and methodology. Major advances in immunosuppression methods and the ongoing increase in the number of renal transplants encourage the search and investigation of better preservation techniques. Continuous pulsatile perfusion and perfusion plus hypothermal storage represent the two most frequently used techniques nowadays. In spite of the advantages shown by the former in the case of prolonged cold ischemia, hypothermal storage remains as a practical technique widely used in our environment.